Content

Unit - 1
Chapter No. 1 - Microwave Transmission Lines
Microwave Transmission Lines: Introduction to Microwaves, Microwave regions and
bands, Applications, Rectangular Waveguides-Solution of Wave Equations in Rectangular
Coordinates, TE/TM mode analysis, Expressions for Fields, Characteristics Equation and
cut-off Frequencies, Dominant and Degenerate Modes, Sketches of TE and TM mode
fields in the cross-section, Mode Characteristics, power transmission and losses,
Impossibility of TEM mode, Cavity resonators- Rectangular cavities, Q factor of cavity
resonator, Stripline and Microstrip transmission lines.
Unit - 2
Chapter No. 2 - Waveguide Components and Applications
Waveguide Components and Applications: Coupling probes & loops, waveguide windows,
Posts & Tuning Screws, Waveguide phase shifters and attenuators. Microwave Multiport
Junctions – E-plane Tee, H-plane Tee and Magic Tee, Rat Race, Directional couplers,
Ferrites – Composition and characteristics, Faraday rotation, Ferrite components- Gyrator,
isolator, and Circulator their applications. Scattering Matrix – Significance, formulation
and properties, S-matrix of waveguide Tee junctions, Directional Coupler, Circulator, and
Isolator.
Unit - 3
Chapter No. 3 - Microwave Tubes
Microwave Tubes: Limitations and Losses of conventional tubes at Microwave
frequencies, Microwave tubes – Classification. O-Type tubes: 2 cavity Klystrons –
structure, velocity modulation process and Applegate diagram, Bunching process and
Small Signal Theory - Expressions for output Power and Efficiency. Reflex Klystrons-
structure, velocity modulation and Applegate diagram, Mathematical Theory of Bunching,
Power output, Efficiency, Oscillating modes and output characteristics, Effect of repeller
voltage on Power output.
Unit - 4
Chapter No. 4 - M-Type Tubes
M-Type Tubes: Helix-TWT (Travelling Wave Tube), Magnetrons – Different types,
cylindrical Traveling Wave Magnetron – Hull cut-off and Hartree conditions, Modes of
Resonance, PI-mode and its separation, output characteristics. Microwave Solid State
Devices: Introduction, classification, Applications, TEDs-Introduction, Gunn diode-
principle, RWH theory, modes of operation and characteristics, Avalanche Transit Time
Devices-Introduction IMPATT diodes, TRAPATT diodes.
Unit - 5
Chapter No. 5 - Microwave Measurements
Microwave Measurements: Description of Microwave Bench - Different blocks and their
Features, Precautions; Microwave Power Measurement – Bolometer, Measurement of
Attenuation, Frequency, VSWR, Cavity Q, and Impedance.