Submitted in Partial Fulfilment For The Award of The Degree of

A
Major Project Report

On
Home Security & Parking System
Submitted
In partial fulfilment
For the award of the Degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Submitted To: Submitted By:

Mr. S S Shekhawat Aman Kumar (15EAICS023)
Amit Sharma (15EAICS026)
Head of Department Ankush Bairwa (15EAICS029)
Department of Computer Science &Engineering Arya

Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur Rajasthan
Technical University, Kota [2015-19]
ARYA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
SP-40, RIICO Industrial Area, Jaipur (Raj)-302022
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Certificate
This is to certify that the work, which is being presented in

the project Stage-II entitled “Home Security & Parking
System” submitted by Mr. Aman Kumar, Mr. Amit Sharma
and Mr. Ankush Bairwa, students of fourth year (VIIISem)
B.Tech. in Computer Engineering in partial fulfilment for the
award of degree of Bachelor of Technology is a record of
student’s work carried out and found satisfactory for
submission.
Mr. Manish Choubisa Mr. Manish Dubey

Project Guide Project Coordinator
Mr. S S Shekhawat
Head of Department
i
Candidate’s Declaration
We hereby declare that the work, which is being presented in the Project
Stage-II entitled “Home Security & Parking System” in partial fulfilment
for the award of Degree of “Bachelor of Technology” in Computer
Engineering, and submitted to the Department of Computer Science
&Engineering, ARYA Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur
Affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University is a record of our own work
carried out under the Guidance of Mr. Manish Choubisa, Assistant Professor,
Department of Computer Science & Engineering.
Aman Kumar(15EAICS023)
Amit Sharma(15EAICS026)
Ankush Bairwa(15EAICS029)
ii
Acknowledgement
We wish to express our deep sense of gratitude to our Project Guide Er.
Manish Choubisa, Assistant Professor, Arya Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Jaipur for guiding us from the inception till the completion of the
project. We sincerely acknowledge him for giving his valuable guidance,
support for literature survey, critical reviews and comments for our Project.
We would like to first of all express our thanks to Dr. Arvind Agarwal,
President, Arya Group of colleges and Ms. Puja Agarwal, Vice President,
Arya Group of colleges for providing us such a great infrastructure and
environment for our overall development.
We express sincere thanks to Dr. Yogesh Bhomia, the Principal, AIET, for his
kind cooperation and extendible support towards the completion of our project.
Words are inadequate in offering our thanks to Mr. S S Shekhawat, Head,

Department of CSE, for consistent encouragement and support for shaping
our project in the presentable form.
We also express our deepest thanks to Mr. Manish Dubey, Project
Coordinator, for his support in providing technical requirement and fulfilling
our various other requirements for making our project success.
We also like to express our thanks to all supporting CSE faculty members
who have been a constant source of encouragement for successful completion
of the project.
Also our warm thanks to Arya Institute of Engineering and Technology,

who provided us this opportunity to carryout, this prestigious Project and
enhance our learning in various technical fields.
Aman Kumar(15EAICS023)
Amit Sharma(15EAICS026)
Ankush Bairwa(15EAICS029)
iii
Abstract
Gas leakages and fire outbreaks in industries as well as houses have leads to wide
destruction and losses in the past. Gas leakages and fire outbreaks both spread widely and
lead to even greater loss of life and property if proper action is not taken on time. So here
we propose a system that detects gas as well as fire outbreaks and alert us accordingly so
that proper action may be taken to control it. For this we system we use a gas sensor along
with a temperature sensor interfaced to the microcontroller.
The system contains sensors to detect obstacle, touch, heat, smoke, sound. The whole
system is controlled by a micro-controller. It collects information from the sensors, makes
a decision and buzzer the alarm and thus warns for the hazard.
The system also contains an automated parking system. For this purpose, we use IR sensors
along with motors, LCD display and microcontroller for controlling the system working. Our
system consists of an LCD display that is used to demonstrate as a parking gate entrance
display. The display displays empty slots to new car arriving at gate of parking area. If no
parking space is available the system does not open the gate and displays parking full. If slot is
empty system allows car to enter the lot and displays empty slots where user can park. To
detect vehicle slot occupancy the system uses IR sensors. Also, system uses IR sensors to
detect vehicles arriving at parking gates, to open the gates automatically on vehicle arrival.
Thus, as a complete system it provides security from gas leakage, fire, smoke, thief and
other security brokers. Along this it also provides a well-maintained automated parking
system to manage the parking of vehicles.
iv
Table of Content
Cover Page
Certificate i
Candidate’s Declaration ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
Table of Content v
List of Figures vii
List of Tables ix
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Fire & Gas Detection System 2
1.3 Laser Security System 3
1.4 Automated Parking System 4
1.5 Problems Identified 5
1.6 Solution 7
Chapter 2 Survey & Feasibility Analysis 8
2.1 Survey 9
2.2 Feasibility Analysis 11
Chapter 3 Requirement Analysis 12
3.1 8051 Microcontroller 13
3.2 LCD 15
3.3 Memory 16
3.4 Arduino Compiler 17
3.5 Other Technical Specification 19
Chapter 4 System Design 21
v
4.1 Development Methodology 22
4.2 Circuit/Block Diagram 23
Chapter 5 Working 25
5.1 Working of Fire & Gas Detection System 26
5.2 Working of Laser Security System 26
5.3 Working of Automated Parking System 27
Chapter 6 Application, Limitation 28
6.1 Applications of the System 29
6.2 Features of the System 29
6.3 Limitations of the System 29
Chapter 7 Code, Testing & Maintenance 30
7.1 Testing 31
7.2 Maintenance 31
7.3 Code 31
Chapter 8 Snapshots 36
Chapter 9 Conclusion 41
8.1 Summary 42
8.2 Future Scope 43
References 44
vi
List of Figures
S. No. Figure Description Page No.
1 Fig. 1.1 Laser Security System 4
2 Fig. 1.2 Fire in House 5
3 Fig. 1.3 Fire in Chemical Plant 6
4 Fig. 1.4 Fire Due to Gas Leakage 6
5 Fig. 1.5 Roadside Parking 6
6 Fig. 1.6 Traffic Jam due to Roadside Parking 7
7 Fig. 2.1 Smoke area status 9
8 Fig. 2.2 Fire Causes 9
9 Fig. 3.1 8051 Microcontroller 13
10 Fig. 3.2 Block Diagram of 8051 Microcontroller 13
11 Fig. 3.3 8051 Pin Diagram 14
12 Fig. 3.4 LCD 15
13 Fig. 3.5 ROM 16
14 Fig. 3.6 Types of Memory 16
15 Fig. 3.7 Arduino Software 18
16 Fig. 4.1 Circuit Diagram for Laser Security System 23
17 Fig. 4.2 Block Diagram for Automated Parking System 24
18 Fig. 4.3 Block Diagram for Fire & Gas Detector System 24
19 Fig. 8.1 System Overview (a) 37
20 Fig. 8.2 System Overview (b) 37
21 Fig. 8.3 Main Board 38
22 Fig. 8.4 Initial Message on LCD 39
vii
23 Fig. 8.5 Fire Sensor Activated 39
24 Fig. 8.6 Someone is Entered (Laser Breached) 40
25 Fig. 8.7 Parking Status on LCD (when one vehicle parked) 40
viii
List of Tables
S. No. Description Page No.
1 Table 2.1 Views of People on The Proposed System 10
ix
Chapter 1
Introduction

1.1 Introduction
Home security has been a major issue w here crime is increasing and everybody wants to
take proper measures to prevent intrusion. In addition, there is a need to automate home so
that user can take advantage of the technological advancement in such a way that a person
does not need to think of his home security again and again. It is therefore the purpose of
this invention to provide a security device, which gives immediate notification to the
owner at the moment the unauthorized event occurs. This purpose is accomplished via use
of some modules and a controller which activates an alarm to the owner and corresponding
security services at the time of break in. This system is low cost as it does not contain
expensive sensors to detect emergencies and it is also easy to implement as the security
modules will take very low space for installation.
Over the decades our country has been developed drastically, now we are in this state that
we have a lot of well contacted roads, commercial building and increasing number of
automobiles. While parking these automobiles in parking space we use the manual
procedure of parking. Which most of the cases is unplanned and lack of discipline due to
this, people can park their cars anywhere they want to, which creates a mess as people do
not follow the particular cue most of the time. As a result of this, a huge traffic jam takes
place in that place. While parking in and retrieving car due mismanagement cars can get
dent by bumping with each other as there is lack of sufficient space. Due to this chaos in
parking our valuable time gets wasted. It harms the students, office going staffs and
emergency patients to a great extent. Thus, an automated parking system should be there to
resolve such problems. Our proposed parking system solve such problems of wastage of
time, fuel, etc. by showing the available parking space on the LCD screen. So that a person
can know about the parking space.
Therefore, our project is divided into three phases which are as follows:
➢
Fire & Gas detection system
➢
Object detection system
➢
Automated parking system
1.2 Fire & Gas Detection System
Fire and Gas systems (FGS) are important tools for safeguarding our residence home and
other facilities that handle flammable and toxic materials. All such facilities have inherent
2

fire risk that cannot be fully mitigated with instrumented protective function, in some cases
these facilities require the installation of fire and gas systems to mitigate these hazards.
Proper design of fire and gas systems begins with the selection of a performance target for
functions employed by the fire and gas system. Performance of a fire and gas System is
primarily characterized by the system’s ability to detect hazards (detector coverage) and
the system’s ability to mitigate hazards. Determination of the necessary coverage,
mitigation effectiveness requirements for an FGS is an exercise in risk analysis. A well-
designed fire and gas system are intended to detect and, in some cases, automatically
mitigate fire, combustible gas and toxic gas hazards. Proper placement of detectors is
critical in the design of a fire and gas system to ensure that coverage is adequate to detect
hazards at their incipient stage, in order to avert escalation. The gas detection system can
detect a leakage of combustible or toxic gas and take action to mitigate or prevent it from
escalating into a fire or explosion. If a fire or gas leakage is detected then the system will
buzzer the alarm so that household can know about the problem and take protective
measures. And the loss due to such hazards can be reduced.
1.3 Laser Security System
Laser door alarm is based on the interruption of Laser beam. The laser pointer is used as
the source of light beam. If somebody tries to break the laser path, then an alarm will be
generated in a few seconds. Normally laser door alarm circuit will have two sections. First
one, laser transmitter is a laser pointer readily available. This is powered with 3-volt DC
supply and fixed on one side of the door frame. The receiver will have a Photo transistor at
the front end.
The word LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
These are available in different types like semiconductor, infrared, GaAs laser diode. This
has an energy wavelength of approximately 900 nm with a beam divergence of 3 million
radians i.e. equal to a beam width small beam width.
Laser technology products will calculate distance by measuring the time of flight of very
short pulses of infrared light. It is different from the traditional surveying instrument
method of measuring phase shifts by comparing the incoming wavelength with the phase
of the outgoing light pulse.

Fig. 1.1 Laser Security System
1.4 Automated Parking System

System demonstrates a fully automated car parking system. For this purpose, we use
IR sensors along with motors, LCD display and microcontroller for controlling the
system working. Our system consists of an LCD display that is used to display status.
The display displays empty slots to new car arriving at gate of parking area. If no
parking space is available the system does not open the gate and displays parking full.
If slot is empty system allows car to enter the lot and displays empty slots where user
can park. To detect vehicle slot occupancy the system uses IR sensors. Also, system
uses IR sensors to detect vehicles arriving at parking gates, to open the gates
automatically on vehicle arrival. The microcontroller is used to facilitate the working
of the entire system.

1.5 Problems Identified
Due to unavailability of home security & automated parking system various problems
occur which are as follows:
➢
Loss of life due to fire and toxic has leakage
➢
Loss of resources
➢
Traffic jam due to parking of vehicles at any place
➢
Fuel waste in finding parking space
➢
Time waste in traffic or finding parking space, etc.
Here are some pictures which shows the damage caused by fire, improper parking
management, or gas leakage:
Fig. 1.2 Fire in a House

Fig. 1.3 Fire in Chemical Plant
Fig. 1.4 Fire due to Gas Leak
Fig. 1.5 Roadside Parking

Fig. 1.6 Traffic Jam due to roadside Parking
1.6 Solution
The solution of the various problems stated above is the Home Security & Parking
System as it provides following features:
➢
Automatic Gas Detection Alarm
➢
Automatic Fire Detection Alarm
➢
Automatic Parking System
➢
Laser Security System for object detection

Chapter 2
Survey & Feasibility Analysis

2.1 Survey
Fig. 2.1 Smoke Alarm Status
Fig. 2.2 Fire Causes

A report on the views of people on the proposed system are given in the table below:
Table 2.1 Views of People on The Proposed System
S. No. Name Do you have such Do you think the

security system proposed system is
(proposed system) useful?
at your home?
1 Arun Tomar No Yes
2 Himanshu Aswal No Yes
3 Rahul Saini No Yes
4 Ajay Choudhary No Yes
5 Raghhav Chaturvedi No Yes
6 Sahil Gupta No Yes
7 Ankit Yadav No Yes
8 Ramlal Meena Yes Yes
9 Ramesh Choudhary No No
10 Anuj Choudhary Yes Yes
11 Akash Tomar No Yes
12 Himanshu Bisht No Yes
13 Akash Nama No Yes
14 Sachin Singh Yes Yes
15 Pritam Gaur Yes No
10

2.2 Feasibility Analysis
2.2.1 Operational Feasibility
The Proposed system provides security to the person sing it from various hazards caused
by fire or gas leakage as well as from any other external activities or unauthorised entry in
the house. Also, this system provides an automated parking system which improves the
parking management.
2.2.2 Technical Feasibility
All the required tools and equipment are easily available in market. Also, the complete
systems are available in the market. As the proposed system is itself consists of three other
systems which are individually easily available in the market.
That means it is not so hard to get/install the proposed system but the problem is many
people are unaware of such security systems.
2.2.3 Economic Feasibility
The cost of the system completely depends on the need of the person that is the house area,
budget, product quality, etc. As the proposed system consists of three other systems which
are gas & fire detector, laser security system and automated parking system. These all
systems have different cost according to the implementation scheme.
So, the cost of the system may be low for minimum requirement area/type and high for
maximum area/type.
2.2.4 Schedule Feasibility
There is no time limitation for the working of the proposed system. The system will work
properly until the power supply is available to the system or the system is not damaged.
Thus, the system can be used anytime or the system will work according to the person’s
need.
11

Chapter 3
Requirement Analysis
12

3.1 8051 Microcontroller
Fig. 3.1 8051 Microcontroller
8051 microcontrollers are designed by Intel in 1981. It is an 8-bit microcontroller. It is

built with 40 pins DIP (dual inline package), 4kb of ROM storage and 128 bytes of RAM
storage, 2 16-bit timers. It consists of are four parallel 8-bit ports, which are programmable
as well as addressable as per the requirement. An on-chip crystal oscillator is integrated in
the microcontroller having crystal frequency of 12 MHz
Fig. 3.2 Block Diagram of 8051 Microcontroller
13

Fig. 3.3 8051 Pin Diagram
The working of each pin is as follows:
➢ Pins 1 to 8 − These pins are known as Port 1. This port doesn’t serve any other
functions. It is internally pulled up, bi-directional I/O port.
➢ Pin 9 − It is a RESET pin, which is used to reset the microcontroller to its initial
values.
➢ Pins 10 to 17 − These pins are known as Port 3. This port serves some functions
like interrupts, timer input, control signals, serial communication signals RxD and
TxD, etc.
➢ Pins 18 & 19 − These pins are used for interfacing an external crystal to get the
system clock.
➢ Pin 20 − This pin provides the power supply to the circuit.
14

➢ Pins 21 to 28 − These pins are known as Port 2. It serves as I/O port. Higher order
address bus signals are also multiplexed using this port.
➢ Pin 29 − This is PSEN pin which stands for Program Store Enable. It is used to
read a signal from the external program memory.
➢ Pin 30 − This is EA pin which stands for External Access input. It is used to
enable/disable the external memory interfacing.
➢ Pin 31 − This is ALE pin which stands for Address Latch Enable. It is used to
demultiplex the address-data signal of port.
➢ Pins 32 to 39 − These pins are known as Port 0. It serves as I/O port. Lower order
address and data bus signals are multiplexed using this port.
➢ Pin 40 − This pin is used to provide power supply to the circuit.
3.2 LCD
Fig. 3.4 LCD
An LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is a standard display device for hand-held embedded
systems. Today, color TFT (Thin-Film Transistor) LCDs are common even in cost-effective
equipment. An LCD display system is composed of an LCD panel, a frame buffer memory, an
LCD and frame buffer controller, and a backlight inverter and lamp. All of them are heavy
power consumers, and their portion becomes much more dominant when running interactive
applications. This is because interactive applications are often triggered by human inputs
15

and thus result in a lot of slack time in the CPU and memory system, which can be
effectively used for dynamic power management. In this paper, we introduce low-power
LCD display schemes as a system-level approach. We accurately characterize the energy
consumption at the component level and minimize energy consumption of each component
without appreciable display quality degradation. We develop several techniques such as
variable-duty-ratio refresh, dynamic-color-depth control and backlight luminance dimming
with brightness compensation or contrast enhancement.
3.3 Memory
Fig. 3.5 ROM
Many types of memory devices are available for use in modern computer systems. This
can be understood by the following diagram:
Fig. 3.6 Types of Memory
16

The RAM family includes two important memory devices: static RAM (SRAM) and
dynamic RAM (DRAM). The primary difference between them is the lifetime of the data
they store. SRAM retains its contents as long as electrical power is applied to the chip. If
the power is turned off or lost temporarily, its contents will be lost forever. DRAM, on the
other hand, has an extremely short data lifetime-typically about four milliseconds. This is
true even when power is applied constantly.
Memories in the ROM family are distinguished by the methods used to write new data to
them (usually called programming), and the number of times they can be rewritten. This
classification reflects the evolution of ROM devices from hardwired to programmable to
erasable-and-programmable. A common feature of all these devices is their ability to retain
data and programs forever, even during a power failure.
As memory technology has matured in recent years, the line between RAM and ROM has
blurred. Now, several types of memory combine features of both. These devices do not belong
to either group and can be collectively referred to as hybrid memory devices. Hybrid memories
can be read and written as desired, like RAM, but maintain their contents without electrical
power, just like ROM. Two of the hybrid devices, EEPROM and flash, are descendants of
ROM devices. These are typically used to store code. The third hybrid, NVRAM, is a modified
version of SRAM. NVRAM usually holds persistent data.
3.4 Arduino Compiler
Arduino Software The board can be programmed from the Arduino software, which is
available for different platforms such as Windows, Mac OSX and Linux. It is open source
software, which is designed using a Java environment and is also based on processing and
avr-gcc.
The software allows users to write their code in C and upload to the board. The boot loader
allows the uploading without the need of external hardware programmer. Thus, the
software is very easy to use and efficient. (Arduino Software 2012) Arduino programs may
be written in any programming language with a compiler that produces binary machine
code. Atmel provides a development environment for their microcontrollers, AVR Studio
and the newer Atmel Studio.
17

Fig. 3.7 Arduino Software
The Arduino project provides the Arduino integrated development environment (IDE),
which is a cross-platform application written in the programming language Java. It 20
originated from the IDE for the languages Processing and Wiring. It is designed to
introduce programming to artists and other newcomers unfamiliar with software
development. It includes a code editor with features such as syntax highlighting, brace
matching, and automatic indentation, and provides simple one-click mechanism to compile
and load programs to an Arduino board. A program written with the IDE for Arduino is
called a "sketch".
The Arduino IDE supports the languages C and C++ using special rules to organize code.
The Arduino IDE supplies a software library called Wiring from the Wiring project, which
provides many common input and output procedures. A typical Arduino C/C++ sketch
consist of two functions that are compiled and linked with a program stub
➢
main (): into an executable cyclic executive program.
18

➢
setup (): a function that runs once at the start of a program and that can initialize
settings.
➢
loop (): a function called repeatedly until the board powers off.
After compiling and linking with the GNU toolchain, also included with the IDE
distribution, the Arduino IDE employs the program argued to convert the executable code
into a text file in hexadecimal coding that is loaded into the Arduino board by a loader
program in the board's firmware. 4.2 Arduino Development Arduino is an open-source
hardware. The hardware reference designs are distributed under a Creative Commons
Attribution Share-Alike 2.5 license and are available on the Arduino website. Layout and
production files for some versions of the hardware are also available. The source code for
the IDE is released under the GNU General Public License, version 2. Although the
hardware and software designs are freely available under copy left licenses, the developers
have requested that the name "Arduino" be exclusive to the official product and not be
used for derived works without permission. The official policy document on use of the
Arduino name emphasizes that the project is open to incorporating by others into the
official product. Several Arduino-compatible products commercially released have
avoided the Arduino name by using -duino name variants.
3.5 Other Technical Specifications
➢ Buzzer
➢ Temperature Sensor
➢ Gas Sensor
➢ Diode
➢ Resistors
➢ Capacitors
➢ IR Sensors
➢ Motors
➢ Transformer
19

➢ Laser
➢ Amplifier
➢ Photodetector
20

Chapter 4
System Design
21

4.1 Development Methodology
The Operation of the Fire and Gas Detection System is consisting of a Power Supply Unit
PSU which supplies the needed power to the microcontroller, MAX232, Gas sensor MQ-2,
Temperature sensor LM35 and the Liquid Crystal Display LCD. The microcontroller is
connected to the Power Supply Unit, LCD, Gas sensor, Temperature sensor and MAX232.
The LCD shows the status of the system when there is a presence of gas or smoke which
may lead to fire outbreak in the environment.
➢
Power supply unit (PSU):
The power supply unit is necessary for the provision of regulated (step-down
rectified) Dc power supply from AC mains to circuit components i.e.
microcontroller, GSM Module, sensors, LCD’s and MAX232. The power supply
unit consists of a step-down transformer (240/24v), the diode Rectifier, voltage
regulator and capacitors for filtering.
➢
Sensors Unit:
The sensor unit consists of the various sensors used in the sensing of the presence
of gas or flame which may lead to fire outbreak in an environment. The sensors
used in this system are the MQ-6 and LM35 for Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)
and Temperature detection of the environment respectively.
➢
Microcontroller
➢
Fire & Gas detection system
➢
LCD
22

4.2 Circuit/Block Diagram
Fig. 4.1 Circuit Diagram for Laser Security System
23

Fig. 4.2 Block Diagram for Automated Parking System
Fig. 4.3 Block Diagram for Fire & Gas detector
24

Chapter 5
Working
25

5.1 Working of Fire & Gas Detector
with a temperature sensor interfaced to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is also in
turn connected to an LCD screen and a buzzer to show the alerting part.
➢
As soon as a fire starts the rise in temperature is recorded by out temperature sensor
➢
When temperature rises beyond a certain limit it sends a signal to the microcontroller
➢
the microcontroller processes the signal and displays the fire alert status on LCD
screen
➢
And sounds the buzzer
➢
Similarly, the gas monitor too constantly monitors for any gas leakage
➢
As soon as any gas is detected at the sensor it sends a signal to the microcontroller
➢
The microcontroller now processes this data and sounds the buzzer
➢
And displays the gas alert message on the LCD screen.
5.2 Working of Laser Security System
Laser door alarm is based on the interruption of Laser beam. The laser pointer is used as
the source of light beam. If somebody tries to break the laser path, then an alarm will be
generated in a few seconds. Normally laser door alarm circuit will have two sections. First
one, laser transmitter is a laser pointer readily available. This is powered with 3-volt DC
supply and fixed on one side of the door frame. The receiver will have a Photo transistor at
the front end. We use L14F1 NPN Darlington photo transistor as a laser sensor. Here IC1
is used as a voltage comparator with its inverting input tied to a potential divider R2-R3.
We use the inverting input to keep at half supply voltage.
Non-inverting input receives a variable voltage based on the conduction of T1. At the
opposite door frame receiver should be fixed and should be properly aligned to the laser
26
beam. The laser beam illuminates the face of photo transistor and starts conducting the
voltage. So, this keeps the voltage at pin 3 lower than pin 2 of the IC.
By this output of comparator remains low. Both LED and Buzzer remains off in this state.
While a person crossing the door laser beam breaks and T1 cease to conduct. The voltage
at collector T1 rises, the voltage at pin 3 of comparator increases and its output rises. Then
LED is activated and also buzzer. The base of T2 is kept high by the capacitor C1 for a
few seconds after the output of IC1 becomes low. The C2 gives current to the buzzer for a
few seconds after T2 turns off.
5.3 Working of Automated Parking System
System demonstrates a fully automated car parking system. For this purpose, we use IR
sensors along with motors, LCD display and microcontroller for controlling the system
working. Our system consists of an LCD display that is used as a display. The display
displays empty slots to new car arriving at gate of parking area. If no parking space is
available the system does not open the gate and displays parking full.
If slot is empty system allows car to enter the lot and displays empty slots where user can
park. To detect vehicle slot occupancy the system uses IR sensors. Also, system uses IR
sensors to detect vehicles arriving at parking gates,
to open the gates automatically on vehicle arrival. The microcontroller is used to facilitate
the working of the entire system.
27

Chapter 6
Application & Limitations
28

6.1 Applications
The applications of the proposed system are as follows:
➢
Gas leak detection system
➢
Fire/Safety detection system
➢
Gas leak alarm
➢
Fire leak alarm
➢
Gas detector
➢
Automatic Parking system
➢
Thief detection system’
➢
Object detection system
➢
Parking management system
6.2 Features of the system

The features of the system are as follows:
➢
High sensitivity LPG, iso-butane, propane
➢
Small sensitivity to alcohol, smoke
➢
Fast response
➢
Wide detection range
➢
Stable performance and long life
➢
Simple drive circuit
➢
Easy to maintain
➢
Easy to use
6.3 Limitations of The System

➢
Less awareness among the people
➢
Not much useful in warm areas
➢
Sometimes can disturb for wrong detections
➢
Wastage of power
➢
Not available at all locations
➢
Can be costly if the requirement is high
➢
Can be damaged easily
29

Chapter 7
Code, Testing & Maintenance
30

7.1 Testing
All the tools as well as the systems are tested for there working by using them foe the same.
So that the working of the system can be verified. Some of the testing are as follows:
➢
By placing fire and gases near the detector to check does it produce the alarm or
not if it detects fir and gas
➢
By breaking the laser through various objects to check the working of the laser
security system
➢
By parking the vehicles at every slot to test the working of the parking system
7.2 Maintenance
The maintenance of the system is easy. As the main reason of not functioning of the
system can be not availability of the power supply. Besides this there could me more
reasons like damage of the circuit, alarm, sensors, etc.
So, the system should be checked timely and after checking the system it should be
verified that is it should be tested in order to improve the security of the house/Building.
7.3 Code
7.3.1 Laser Security System
int sensorPin=A0;
int sensorValue=0;
int piezoPin=9;
void setup() {
pinMode(sensorPin,INPUT);
pinMode(7,OUTPUT);
pinMode(6,OUTPUT);
pinMode(piezoPin,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
31

digitalWrite(6,LOW);
void loop() {
sensorValue=analogRead(sensorPin);
if(sensorValue<=1000)
digitalWrite(piezoPin,HIGH);
{tone(9,3047,400); noTone(8); }
digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
else {
digitalWrite(piezoPin,LOW);
digitalWrite(7,LOW);
sensorValue=1000;
7.3.2 Automated Parking System
#include //adding Servo library
Servo gate; //you may open or close gate using a Servo motor
int slot1 = 5; //Connect IR sensor on digital pin5 for sLOT 1
int slot2 = 4; //sLot2 pin on digital 4
int gateSensor = 3; //IR sensor on gate to arduino pin 3
int slot1_l = 13;
int slot2_l = 12;
32

int gate_grn = 11;
int gate_red = 10;
void setup()
gate.attach(7); //connecting the gate servo on pin 5
pinMode(slot1,INPUT); //setting slot pins & gate IR sensor as input to arduino
pinMode(slot2,INPUT);
pinMode(gateSensor,INPUT);
pinMode(slot1_l,OUTPUT);
pinMode(slot2_l,OUTPUT);
pinMode(gate_grn,OUTPUT);
pinMode(gate_red,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600); //initialzing Serial monitor
void loop()
//the car arrives and sensor goes LOW
if( !(digitalRead(gateSensor)) && digitalRead(slot1) && digitalRead(slot2)) //slot1 & slot2 empty
Serial.println("Welcome, Available: sLOT1, sLOT2"); //print slot1 and slo2 available
digitalWrite(slot1_l,HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(gate_grn,HIGH);
gate.write(75); //gate will open after the dealy of 1 second

33

}
if( !(digitalRead(gateSensor)) && !(digitalRead(slot1)) && digitalRead(slot2)) //car on slot1,slot2 free
Serial.println("Welcome, Available: sLOT2"); // slo2 available
digitalWrite(slot1_l,LOW);
delay(1000);
gate.write(75); //gate will open after the dealy of 1 second
if( !(digitalRead(gateSensor)) && digitalRead(slot1) && !(digitalRead(slot2))) //car on slot2,slot1 free
Serial.println("Welcome, Available: sLOT1"); // slo1 available
delay(1000);
gate.write(75);
//gate will open after the dealy of 1 second

delay(100);
if( !(digitalRead(gateSensor)) && !(digitalRead(slot1)) && !(digitalRead(slot2)))
Serial.println("Welcome, Parking Full");// No slot available
34

delay(1000);
digitalWrite(gate_red,HIGH);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(gate_red,LOW);
delay(100);
digitalWrite(gate_red,HIGH);
delay(100);
if( digitalRead(gateSensor))
{ Serial.println("Welcome"); // slo2 available
gate.write(5); //gate close
delay(100);
digitalWrite(gate_grn,LOW);
delay(100);
35

Chapter 8
Snapshots
36

Fig. 8.1 System Overview (a)
Fig. 8.2 System Overview (b)
37

Fig. 8.3 Main Board
38

Fig. 8.4 Initial Message on LCD
Fig. 8.5 Fire Sensor Activated
39

Fig. 8.6 Someone is Entered (Laser Breached)
Fig. 8.7 LCD Parking Status (when one vehicle is parked)
40

Chapter 9
Conclusion
41

9.1 Summary
Security systems are important features of a modern Home. The earliest home security
systems date back to the early 1900's. These systems were generally expensive and very
hard to monitor. In the past 100 years as technology has changed, home security systems
have also changed. Early home security systems were very expensive and surprisingly
ineffective.
with a temperature sensor interfaced to the microcontroller.
The system contains sensors to detect obstacle, touch, heat, smoke, sound. The whole
system is controlled by a micro-controller. It collects information from the sensors, makes
a decision and buzzer the alarm and thus warns for the hazard.
The system also contains an automated parking system. For this purpose, we use IR sensors
along with motors, LCD display and microcontroller for controlling the system working. Our
system consists of an LCD display that is used to demonstrate as a parking gate entrance
display. The display displays empty slots to new car arriving at gate of parking area. If no
parking space is available the system does not open the gate and displays parking full. If slot is
empty system allows car to enter the lot and displays empty slots where user can park. To
detect vehicle slot occupancy the system uses IR sensors. Also, system uses IR sensors to
detect vehicles arriving at parking gates, to open the gates automatically on vehicle arrival.
And thus, as a complete system it provides security from gas leakage, fire, smoke, thief
and other security brokers. Along this it also provides a well-maintained automated
parking system to manage the parking of vehicles.
42

9.2 Future Scope
The proposed system that is Home Security & Parking System is itself consists of three
systems Gas & Fire detection system, Laser Security system and automated Parking
systems. These all systems can be upgraded to various levels. That means various new
features can be added to these systems.
In Gas & Fire Detection system new features could be added like using a GSM module
SMS can be sent whenever any disaster took place and also using some techniques fire
safety measures can be taken automatically if any such disaster take place. So that home
security could be automated.
In Laser Security system new features could be added like sending messages to the
household or police station and taking other security measures at the point of security
break. In automated Parking System various features could be added like increasing the
levels of parking to maximise the parking area, to calculate parking fees, to show other
parking spots, computerised monitoring of parking area, giving live updates of the vehicle
to the owner, etc.
These all features can be added and thus the cost of the system can be affected according
to the type of the service used.
43

References
➢
A.K. Singh, and Harshit Singh, “Forest Fire Detection through Wireless Sensor
Network using Type-2 Fuzzy System”, International Journal of Computer
Applications,” vol 52– No.9, pp. 19-23, August (2012.)
➢
W. Chung, and D. Lee, "Real time muti-channel gas leak monitoring system using
CPLD chip," Sensors and Actuators B, Vol. 77, pp. 186- 189, 2001
➢
Apeh S.T, Erameh K.B2 and Iruansi U. (2014) “Design and Development of Kitchen
Gas Leakage Detection and Automatic Gas Shut off System”, Journal of Emerging
Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences (JETEAS).Scholarlink Research
Institute Journals, pp. 222-228.
➢
Luay Friwan,Khaldon Lweesy,Aya Bani-Salma,Nour Mani , “AWireless Home Safety Gas
Leakage Detection System”, IEEE 2011.
➢ www.circuitstoday.com
➢ www.engineersgarage.com
➢ www.edgefx.in
➢ www.ieeexplore.ieee.org
➢ www.barrgroup.com
➢ www.instructables.com
44

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A

Major Project Report

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Department of Computer Science &Engineering Arya

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

This is to certify that the work, which is being presented in

Mr. Manish Choubisa Mr. Manish Dubey

Words are inadequate in offering our thanks to Mr. S S Shekhawat, Head,

Also our warm thanks to Arya Institute of Engineering and Technology,

List of Figures vii

1.2 Fire & Gas Detection System 2

1.3 Laser Security System 3

1.4 Automated Parking System 4

1.5 Problems Identified 5

Chapter 2 Survey & Feasibility Analysis 8

2.2 Feasibility Analysis 11

Chapter 3 Requirement Analysis 12

3.1 8051 Microcontroller 13

3.4 Arduino Compiler 17

3.5 Other Technical Specification 19

Chapter 4 System Design 21

4.2 Circuit/Block Diagram 23

5.1 Working of Fire & Gas Detection System 26

5.2 Working of Laser Security System 26

5.3 Working of Automated Parking System 27

Chapter 6 Application, Limitation 28

6.1 Applications of the System 29

6.2 Features of the System 29

6.3 Limitations of the System 29

Chapter 7 Code, Testing & Maintenance 30

8.2 Future Scope 43

S. No. Figure Description Page No.

1 Fig. 1.1 Laser Security System 4

2 Fig. 1.2 Fire in House 5

3 Fig. 1.3 Fire in Chemical Plant 6

4 Fig. 1.4 Fire Due to Gas Leakage 6

5 Fig. 1.5 Roadside Parking 6

6 Fig. 1.6 Traffic Jam due to Roadside Parking 7

7 Fig. 2.1 Smoke area status 9

8 Fig. 2.2 Fire Causes 9

9 Fig. 3.1 8051 Microcontroller 13

10 Fig. 3.2 Block Diagram of 8051 Microcontroller 13

11 Fig. 3.3 8051 Pin Diagram 14

12 Fig. 3.4 LCD 15

13 Fig. 3.5 ROM 16

14 Fig. 3.6 Types of Memory 16

15 Fig. 3.7 Arduino Software 18

16 Fig. 4.1 Circuit Diagram for Laser Security System 23

17 Fig. 4.2 Block Diagram for Automated Parking System 24

19 Fig. 8.1 System Overview (a) 37

20 Fig. 8.2 System Overview (b) 37

21 Fig. 8.3 Main Board 38

22 Fig. 8.4 Initial Message on LCD 39

24 Fig. 8.6 Someone is Entered (Laser Breached) 40

25 Fig. 8.7 Parking Status on LCD (when one vehicle parked) 40

1 Table 2.1 Views of People on The Proposed System 10

Home Security & Parking System

1.2 Fire & Gas Detection System

Home Security & Parking System

1.3 Laser Security System

Home Security & Parking System

1.4 Automated Parking System

Home Security & Parking System