Attitude Altered body image Poor nutrition quality of life (NQOL) (NB-
2.5)
Attitude Changes in taste, appetite or preference Excessive fat intake (NI-5.6.2), Inappropriate
intake of fats (specify) (NI-5.6.3),
Undesirable food choices (NB-1.7)
Attitude Denial of need to change Not ready for diet/lifestyle change (NB-1.3)
Attitude Desire for a cure for a chronic disease Harmful beliefs/attitudes about food or
through the use of alternative therapy nutrition-related topics (NB-1.2)
Attitude Disbelief in science-based food and nutrition Harmful beliefs/attitudes about food or
information nutrition-related topics (NB-1.2)
Attitude Harmful beliefs/attitudes about food, Excessive energy intake (NI-1.5), Excessive
nutrition, and nutrition-related information oral food/beverage intake (NI-2.2), Excessive
alcohol intake (NI-4.3), Imbalance of
nutrients (NI-5.5), Excessive fat intake (NI-
5.6.2), Inappropriate intake of fats (NI-5.6.3),
Excessive protein intake (NI-5.7.2),
Inappropriate intake of amino acids (NI-
5.7.3), Excessive fiber intake (NI-5.8.6),
Excessive mineral intake (NI-5.10.2),
Underweight (NC-3.1), Food- and nutrition-
related knowledge deficit (NB-1.1), Not
ready for diet/lifestyle change (NB-1.3),
Physical inactivity (NB-2.1), Excessive
physical activity (NB-2.2)
Attitude Lack of self-efficacy for making change or Not ready for diet/lifestyle change (NB-1.3),
demoralization from previous failures at Limited adherence to nutrition-related
change recommendations (NB-1.6), Poor nutrition
quality of life (NQOL) (NB-2.5)
Attitude Lack of value for behavior change or Excessive energy intake (NI-1.5), Excessive
competing values oral food/beverage intake (NI-2.2), Excessive
alcohol intake (NI-4.3), Excessive fat intake
(NI-5.6.2) Inappropriate intake of fats
(specify) (NI-5.6.3), Self-monitoring deficit
(NB-1.4), Limited adherence to nutrition-
related recommendations (NB-1.6), Physical
inactivity (NB-2.1), Inability or lack of desire
to manage self-care (NB-2.3)
1
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Attitude Lacks motivation and or readiness to apply Undesirable food choices (NB-1.7)
or support systems change
Attitude Negative impact of current or previous Poor nutrition quality of life (NQOL) (NB-
medical nutrition therapy (MNT) 2.5)
2
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Behavior Food and nutrition compliance limitations Excessive carbohydrate intake (NI-5.8.2),
inappropriate intake of types of
carbohydrates (specify) (NI-5.8.3),
Inconsistent carbohydrate intake (NI-5.8.4)
Behavior Food or activity behavior-related difficulty Poor nutrition quality of life (NQOL) (NB-
2.5)
Behavior Food preparation or eating patterns that Excessive fiber intake (NI-5.8.6)
involve only high-fiber foods to the
exclusion of other nutrient-dense foods
Behavior Disordered eating pattern Excessive physical activity(NB-2.2),
Underweight (NC-3.1), Overweight/Obesity
(NC-3.3)
Behavior Frequent intake of foods containing Excessive bioactive substance intake (NI-
bioactive substances 4.2)
Behavior Inability to limit or refuse offered foods Excessive oral food/beverage intake (NI-2.2)
Behavior Inadequate energy intake Underweight (NC-3.1)
Behavior Lack of focus and attention to detail, Self-monitoring deficit (NB-1.4)
difficulty with time management and/or
organization
Behavior Over consumption of a limited variety of Excessive mineral intake (specify) (NI-
foods 5.10.2)
Behavior Poor or inappropriate food planning, Excessive oral food/beverage intake (NI-
purchasing and preparation practices 2.2), Inadequate fiber intake (NI-5.8.5),
Limited access to food (NB-3.2)
Behavior Reluctance or avoidance of self-feeding Self-feeding difficulty (NB-2.6)
Culture Cultural practices that affect ability to:
3
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Access Access to foods and supplements in excess Excessive vitamin intake (specify) (NI-5.9.2)
of needs
Access Caregiver intentionally or unintentionally not Limited access to food (NB-3.2)
providing access to food
Access Community and geographical constraints for Limited access to food (NB-3.2)
shopping and transportation
Access Environmental causes, e.g., inadequately Inadequate mineral intake (specify) (NI-
tested nutrient bioavailability of fortified 5.10.1)
foods, beverages, and supplements; inapp-
ropriate marketing of fortified foods,
beverages, supplements as a substitute for
natural food source of nutrient(s)
Access Exposure to contaminated water or food, Intake of unsafe food (NB-3.1)
e.g., community outbreak of illness
documented by surveillance and/or response
agency
Access Failure to participate in federal food Limited access to food (NB-3.2)
programs such as WIC, National School
Breakfast/Lunch Program, food stamps
Access Financial constraints that may prevent Physical inactivity (NB-2.1)
sufficient level of activity (e.g., to address
cost of equipment or shoes or club
membership to gain access)
Access Food insecurity Poor nutrition quality of life (NQOL) (NB-
2.5)
Access Lack of, or limited access to:
4
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
• Food that contains a bioactive substance Inadequate bioactive substance intake (NI-
4.1)
• Healthy food choices Excessive energy intake (NI-1.5), Excessive
oral food/beverage intake (NI-2.2),
Excessive fat intake (NI-5.6.2),
Inappropriate intake of fats (specify) (NI-
5.6.3)
• Recommended foods Undesirable food choices (NB-1.7)
5
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Knowledge Food and nutrition knowledge deficit Inadequate energy intake (NI-1.4), Excessive
energy intake (NI-1.5), Excessive oral
food/beverage intake (NI-2.2), Inadequate
fluid intake (NI-3.1), Excessive fluid intake
(NI-3.2), Inadequate bioactive substance
intake (NI-4.1), Excessive bioactive
substance intake (NI-4.2), Excessive alcohol
intake (NI-4.3), Malnutrition (NI-5.2),
Imbalance of nutrients (NI-5.5), Excessive
fat intake (NI-5.6.2), Inadequate protein
intake (NI-5.7.1), Inadequate carbohydrate
intake (NI-5.8.1), Inadequate fiber intake
(NI-5.8.5), Excessive mineral intake
(specify) (NI-5.10.2), Overweight/obesity
(NC-3.3), Self-monitoring deficit (NB-1.4),
Inability or lack of desire to manage self-
care (NB-2.3), Poor nutrition quality of life
(NQOL) (NB-2.5), Limited access to food
(NB-3.2)
Knowledge Food and nutrition knowledge deficit
concerning:
6
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Knowledge Food and nutrition knowledge deficit
concerning, cont’d:
• Physiological causes requiring use of Excessive carbohydrate intake (NI-5.8.2)
modified carbohydrate intake
• Desirable quantities of fiber Excessive fiber intake (NI-5.8.6)
Knowledge Failure to adjust for lifestyle changes and Excessive energy intake (NI-1.5)
decreased metabolism
7
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Medical/Surgical Changes in taste, appetite or preference Excessive fat intake (NI-5.6.2), Inappro-
priate intake of fats (specify) (NI-5.6.3)
Medical/Surgical Chronic use of medications known to cause Involuntary weight gain (NC-3.4)
weight gain, such as use of certain
antidepressants, antipsychotics, corticoster-
oids, certain HIV medications
Medical/Surgical Condition leading to excessive fluid weight Involuntary weight gain (NC-3.4)
gains
Medical/Surgical Conditions leading to excess fluid loss Excessive fluid intake (NI-3.2)
Medical/Surgical Craniofacial malformations Biting/Chewing (masticatory) difficulty (NC-1.2)
Medical/Surgical Decreased nutrient needs related to low Excessive intake from enteral or parenteral
activity levels due to chronic disease or nutrition (NI-2.4), Excessive vitamin intake
organ failure (specify) (NI-5.9.2)
Medical/Surgical Difficulty chewing or swallowing high-fiber Inadequate fiber intake (NI-5.8.5)
foods
Medical/Surgical Difficulty latching on Breastfeeding difficulty (NC-1.3)
Medical/Surgical Food allergies and aversions impeding food Undesirable food choices (NB-1.7)
choices consistent with guidelines
Medical/Surgical Food intolerances Decreased nutrient needs (specify) (NI-5.4)
8
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Medical/Surgical High level of fatigue or other side effect of Undesirable food choices (NB-1.7), Impaired
therapy ability to prepare foods/meals (NB-2.4)
Medical/Surgical Illness causing unexpected weight gain Involuntary weight gain (NC-3.4)
because of head trauma, immobility,
paralysis or related condition
Medical/Surgical Impaired cognitive ability, including Inadequate fluid intake (NI-3.1), Food- and
learning disabilities, neurological or sensory nutrition-related knowledge deficit (NB-1.1),
impairment, and dementia Not ready for diet/lifestyle change (NB-1.3),
Self-monitoring deficit (NB-1.4), Undesir-
able food choices (NB-1.7), Inability or lack
of desire to manage self-care (NB-2.3),
Impaired ability to prepare foods/meals (NB-
2.4), Self-feeding difficulty (NB-2.6),
Limited access to food (NB-3.2)
Medical/Surgical Improvement in patient/client status, Inappropriate infusion of enteral or
allowing return to total or partial oral diet; parenteral nutrition (NI-2.5)
changes in the course of disease resulting in
changes in nutrient requirements
Medical/Surgical Increased energy needs Underweight (NC-3.1)
9
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
Medical/Surgical Medications that increase appetite Excessive energy intake (NI-1.5), Excessive
oral food/beverage intake (NI-2.2),
Excessive fat intake (NI-5.6.2), Inappro-
priate intake of fats (specify) (NI-5.6.3)
Medical/Surgical Mental illness, confusion, altered awareness Intake of unsafe food (NB-3.1), Excessive
or depression oral food/beverage intake (NI-2.2)
Medical/Surgical Inborn errors of metabolism Inappropriate intake of amino acids (specify)
(NI-5.7.3)
Medical/Surgical Metabolic abnormality Excessive protein intake (NI-5.7.2), Inappro-
priate intake of amino acids (specify) (NI-
5.7.3)
Medical/Surgical Metabolic disorders Impaired nutrient utilization (NC-2.1)
Medical/Surgical Other organ dysfunction that leads to Altered nutrition-related laboratory values
biochemical changes (specify) (NC-2.2)
Medical/Surgical Partial or complete edentulism Biting/Chewing (masticatory) difficulty (NC-1.2)
11
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Nutrition Diagnosis Etiology Matrix
Category Etiology Diagnosis
12
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.
Social Increased psychological/life stress Overweight/Obesity (NC-3.3)
13
Supplemental material for International Dietetics and Nutrition Terminology (IDNT) Reference Manual, Second Edition. Copyright 2009
American Dietetic Association.