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GTE3601/101/0/2019

Tutorial letter 101/0/2019

Geotechnical III (Theory)


GTE3601

Year Module

Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering

IMPORTANT INFORMATION:
This tutorial letter contains important information
about your module.

Open Rubric
CONTENTS
Page

1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 3
2 PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE............................................................... 3
2.1 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................ 3
2.2 Outcomes ..................................................................................................................................... 3
3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS................................................................................... 4
3.1 Lecturer(s) .................................................................................................................................... 4
3.2 Department ................................................................................................................................... 4
3.3 University ...................................................................................................................................... 4
4 MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES ............................................................................................. 5
4.1 Prescribed books .......................................................................................................................... 5
4.2 Recommended books ................................................................................................................... 5
4.3 Electronic Reserves (e-Reserves)................................................................................................. 5
4.4 Library services and resources ................................................................................................. 5
5 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES FOR THE MODULE ............................................................... 6
6 STUDY PLAN ............................................................................................................................... 6
7 PRACTICAL WORK ..................................................................................................................... 6
8 ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................................. 6
8.1 Assessment criteria....................................................................................................................... 6
8.2 Assessment plan .......................................................................................................................... 6
8.3 Assignment numbers .................................................................................................................... 6
8.3.1 General assignment numbers ....................................................................................................... 6
8.3.2 Unique assignment numbers ........................................................................................................ 7
8.4 Due dates for assignments ........................................................................................................... 7
8.5 Submission of assignments .......................................................................................................... 7
8.6 Assignments ................................................................................................................................. 9
8.7 OTHER ASSESSMENT METHODS ........................................................................................... 12
8.8 EXAMINATION ........................................................................................................................... 12
9 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ........................................................................................ 13
10 SOURCES CONSULTED ........................................................................................................... 13
11 IN CLOSING ............................................................................................................................... 13
12 ADDENDUM ............................................................................................................................... 13

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GTE3601/101/0/2019
1 INTRODUCTION
Dear student,

We are pleased to welcome you to this Geotechnical Engineering III module and hope that you
will find it both interesting and rewarding. We shall do our best to make your study of this
module successful. You will be well on your way to success if you start studying early in the
year and resolve to do the assignments properly.

A tutorial letter is our way of communicating with you about teaching, learning and assessment.
In this tutorial letter, you will find the assignment questions, information on assessment criteria
and student support services, as well as instructions for the preparation and submission of your
assignments. The tutorial letter also provides all the information you need about the prescribed
study material, other course-related resources and how to obtain them. Please study all the
information carefully and make sure that you obtain the prescribed material (prescribed book)
as soon as possible! This tutorial letter also includes certain general and administrative
information about this module.

2 PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE


2.1 Purpose
The aim is to introduce students to a global view of the earth, its position in space relative to the
other planets in the solar system, its internal structure and crystal formation.

A knowledge of the more common and abundant minerals that make up the majority of rocks
forming the crust of the earth is fundamental the identification of rock types and understanding
of how these weather to form soils on which structures are founded.

2.2 Outcomes
The outcomes for this module are:
 Knowledge and understanding of performing and interpreting direct shear tests and
estimate shear strength parameters.
 Knowledge and understanding of conducting and estimating shear strength of soils.
 Ability to calculate in-situ stress in saturated soil with and without seepage, seepage
force, and implement measures to control heave in soil.
 Understand basics principles of flow and soil permeability through porous media
including Bernoulli’s equation, Darcy’s Law, and Hydraulic conductivity.
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 Knowledge and understanding of performing and analysing constant head permeability
tests.
 Knowledge and understanding of performing, analysing and reporting one-dimensional
compression tests and estimating of settlement parameters.
 Knowledge and understanding of performing and reporting of sub-surface explorations.
 Construction and analysis of flow nets for water flow calculations.
 Basic knowledge of shear strength principles including the Mohr-Coulomb failure
criterion.
 Basic understanding of Lateral Earth Pressure concepts and theory including Rankine's
theory of active and passive earth pressures with and without sloping backfill.
 Understanding of the basic concept of ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundations
including modification of bearing capacity equations for water table, factor of safety, and
eccentrically loaded foundations

3 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS


3.1 Lecturer(s)
Your Lecturer is: Mr Hosana H. Ndlovu
Tel no.: 012 358 1096
Cell no.: 073 517 8896
E-mail: hosanan@tshwane.gov.za

Contact Times: Monday to Friday (09:00 to 16:00)

3.2 Department
Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering
Unisa (Florida Campus)
Private Bag x6
Florida
1710
Phone: 011 471 2048/3132
Use the general E-mail address: civil&chemical@unisa.ac.za

3.3 University
www.http://unisa.ac.za

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GTE3601/101/0/2019
4 MODULE-RELATED RESOURCES
4.1 Prescribed books

 Das, B.M. & Sivakugan, N. (2017). Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering, 5th


Edition, International Edition. CENGAGE Learning. ISBN 13: 978-1-305-63862-4.
Connecticut, United States of America.
 Das, B.M. & Sivakugan, N. (2017). Fundamentals of Geotechnical Engineering, 5th
Edition, International Edition: Solutions Manual. CENGAGE Learning. ISBN 13: 978-1-
305-63862-4. Connecticut, United States of America.
 Standard Methods of Testing Road Construction Materials: TMH1 Department of
Transport ISBN: 0798836539

4.2 Recommended books


THERE ARE NO RECOMMENDED BOOKS FOR THIS MODULE

4.3 Electronic Reserves (e-Reserves)


E-reserves can be downloaded from the Library catalogue. More information is available at:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/request
4.4 Library services and resources
The Unisa Library offers a range of information services and resources:

 for detailed Library information go to


http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library
 for research support and services (e.g. personal librarians and literature
search services) go to
http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Library/Library-
services/Research-support
The Library has created numerous Library guides:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za
Recommended guides:

 Request and download recommended material:


http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/request
 Postgraduate information services:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/request/postgrad
 Finding and using library resources and tools:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/Research_skills
 Frequently asked questions about the Library:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/ask
 Services to students living with disabilities:
http://libguides.unisa.ac.za/disability
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5 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES FOR THE MODULE
The Study @ Unisa brochure is available on myUnisa: www.unisa.ac.za/brochures/studies
This brochure has all the tips and information you need to succeed at distance learning and,
specifically, at Unisa.

6 STUDY PLAN
Use your my Studies @ Unisa brochure for general time management and planning skills.

7 PRACTICAL WORK
The practical component for this module is GTEPRA3.

8 ASSESSMENT
8.1 Assessment criteria
The assessment of this course is based on both formative and summative assessment.
8.2 Assessment plan

 The examination mark contributes 70% towards the final mark

 The year mark contributes 30 % towards the final mark

 The year mark is calculated based on the two assignments:

 Both assignments are compulsory.

 Assignment 1 will contribute 50% to your year mark.

 Assignment 2 contributes 50% to your year mark.

8.3 Assignment numbers


8.3.1 General assignment numbers
Assignments are numbered consecutively per module, starting from 01

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GTE3601/101/0/2019
8.3.2 Unique assignment numbers

Assignment 1 774627

Assignment 2 780643

8.4 Due dates for assignments

Assignment 1 17 May 2019

Assignment 2 19 July 2019

8.5 Submission of assignments


Please Note:
 The cut–off dates given here are the official, last dates on which a given assignment may
be submitted.
 All assignments must be submitted online on myUnisa.
 Students must adhere to these dates only.
 All other dates referring to cut-off submission dates for assignments, on myUnisa or
elsewhere, refers to administrative dates as managed by the Assignments Department
and does NOT influence or change the above dates.
Website
Please note that the department has a web site where additional information on the department
and the modules are available.
The address is:
http://www.unisa.ac.za/sites/corporate/default/Colleges/Science,-Engineering-&-
Technology/Schools,-departments-&-centre/School-of-Engineering/Department-of-Civil-and-
Chemical-Engineering
Tutorial Letters are available from the myUnisa website. (See my Studies @ Unisa). Should
you encounter any problems in submitting an assignment on myUnisa, you may contact the
help line at myUnisaHelp@unisa.ac.za.
Plagiarism
An assignment is designed to be a product of your own study and your own thought. It is not
intended to be a piece of work which merely reproduces details, information or ideas from a
study guide, from books or articles, or from the Internet. If you do this, you commit plagiarism.
Plagiarism is the act of copying word for word with or without acknowledgment from study
sources (e.g. books, articles, the Internet). In other words, you must submit your own ideas in
your own words, sometimes interspersing relevant short quotations that are properly
referenced.

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Yes, simply copying a few pages from the prescribed book is plagiarism. Pasting paragraphs
from Wikipedia into your assignment is plagiarism. And it does not stop being plagiarism if you
mention the source.

Skilled scientific writers can use direct block quotations to make a specific point. They know
what they are doing. You still need to develop your own voice, your own style of arguing the
point. Do not plagiarize.

Note that you also commit plagiarism if you copy the assignment of another student. We do
encourage you to work together and form study groups, but you are expected to prepare and
submit your own assignments. When we receive two or more identical assignments, we are not
able to work out who copied from whom. We will therefore penalize both students.

If you commit plagiarism you will be penalized and given no marks for your assignment.
This will have a serious effect on your chances to succeed in your studies because you
will have no semester mark.

Furthermore, you may be enalized or subjected to disciplinary proceedings by the University.


Plagiarism is also an offence in terms of the law.

A Signed Declaration
Every essay-type assignment we receive must include the following declaration along with your
name and the date:

“I declare that this assignment is my own work and that all sources quoted have been
acknowledged by appropriate references”.

We will subtract marks if this declaration is absent from your assignment, just as we will
subtract marks if your assignment does not have a Table of contents, List of references cited,
and so on.

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GTE3601/101/0/2019
8.6 Assignments
Assignment 01
Question 1 (Soil Mechanics)
1.1 Prove that the saturated moisture content of a soil sample is given by the following formula:

Show your calculations or manipulation of formulae. γs = solid unit weight. (05)

1.2 A geotechnical laboratory in Polokwane collected five samples from a construction site in
Tzaneen and reported these results from a single boring. Determine which are not correctly
reported, if any, show your calculations. (10)

[15 marks]
Question 2 (Soil Permeability)
2.1 A pumping well test was made in sands extending to a depth of 15 m where an
impermeable stratum was encountered. The initial ground-water level was at the ground
surface. Observation wells were sited at distances of 3 and 7.5 m from the pumping well. A
steady state was established at about 20 hours when the discharge was 3.8 L/s. The
drawdowns at the two observation well were1.5 m and 0.35 m. Calculate the coefficient of
permeability. (08)

2.2 A layer of sand 6 m thick lies beneath a clay stratum 5 m thick and above a bed of thick
shale. In order to determine the permeability of sand, a well was driven to the top of the
shale and water pumped out at a rate of 0.01 m3/s. Two observation wells driven through
the clay at 15 m and 30 m from the pumping well and water was found to rise to levels of
3 m and 2.4 m below the ground water surface. Calculate the permeability of soil. (07)

[15 marks]

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Question 3 (In-Situ Stresses)

For the figure shown below, if the area of the tank is 0.5 m2 and hydraulic conductivity of sand is
0.1 cm/s.

3.1 What is the magnitude and direction of the rate of seepage? (03)
3.2 If the value of h = 1.2 m, will boiling occur? Why? (06)
3.3 What should be the value of “h” to cause boiling? (06)
[15 marks]

Total marks for assignment 1 [45]

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GTE3601/101/0/2019

Assignment 2

Question 1 (Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations)

Determine the size of square footing to carry a net allowable load of 295 kN. FS = 3. Use the
Terzaghi equation assuming general shear failure.

[20 marks]
Question 2

Design a retaining wall (see sketch below) which addresses the following:
 Wall stem structural failure: The wall stem fails in bending. Most likely location is at the
base of the wall where the stem connects to the foundation.
 Foundation bearing failure: A bearing failure of the soil under the toe of the foundation
and a forwards rotation of the wall.
 Sliding failure of wall: Possible mode for non-cohesive soils. Wall moves outwards with
passive failure of soil in front of foundation and active failure of soil behind wall. Often
a key is required beneath the foundation to prevent sliding.

The design should be based on the following criteria:


 internal friction (Ǿ) of 30
 w (surcharge) of 8.5 kN/m2
 safety factor for overturning is 2.4
 safety factor for sliding is 1.25
 The equivalent soil density is 20 kN/m3

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Notes:
 This is a design, please make all reasonable assumptions.
 As the designer, you have to determine the wall and base thicknesses.
 Provide full A3 Engineering drawings backed by a 5 page technical calculation report
explaining your calculations.

[40 marks]
Total marks for assignment 2 [60]

8.7 OTHER ASSESSMENT METHODS


N/A

8.8 EXAMINATION

EXAMINATION INFORMATION FOR GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING III


(THEORY) (GTE3601)

Type of examination Closed book

Examination Language English

None programmable Calculators allowed Yes

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GTE3601/101/0/2019
9 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
N/A

10 SOURCES CONSULTED
N/A

11 IN CLOSING
Good luck with your studies

12 ADDENDUM
N/A

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