Tabel 3.

1 Studi tentang antibiotik "jangka pendek", dibandingkan dengan plasebo, digunakan

dalam pengobatan Acute Rhinosinusitis (ARS). Hanya penelitian dengan desain prospektif,
acak, double-blind, dan terkontrol plasebo (Ib) yang dipilih.

Effects
Number of
Author, year, ref. Drug Dose / Duration
patients
Outcomes

Moxifloxacin 73
Hadley 2010 (350) 5 days Clinical success rates
Placebo 45

Amoxicillin/
potassium clavu- 28
90mg/kg + 6.4mg/ kg for
Wald 2009 (351) lanate Cure
14 days
Placebo 28

Complete
 cure,

Kristo 2005 (352) Cefuroxime axetil 125mg BD/10 days absence
 of prolonged
symptoms/com-
plications

Amoxicillin/cla- Time to cure, number

875/125mg BD /6 days
vulanic acid of days of activity
Bucher 2003 (353) 252
restric- tion, frequency
Placebo 6 days of adverse effects

Antibiotics
(amoxicillin, 750 mg, 100mg, 1500 mg
(354) doxycycline or BD/7 days Clinical cure rates at
Varonen 2003 146
penicillin V) test-of-cure visit

Placebo BD/7 days

Penicillin V
Pain score, illness
Hansen 2000 (355) 133
score, CRP/ESR
Placebo

Doxycycline Resolution of facial

Stalman 1997 (349) pain and resumption of
Placebo daily activities

Penicillin V and
83 Subjective status,
(356) amoxicillin
Lindbaek 1996 difference in clini- cal
severity score
Placebo 44

Wald 1986 (357) Amoxicillin 30

Clinical assess- ment at
 Amoxicillin- 3 and 10 days
28
clavulanate potassium

Placebo 35

BD: twice daily; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Tabel 3.2 Studi tentang antibiotik "jangka pendek", dibandingkan dengan antibiotik lain,
digunakan dalam pengobatan ARS. Hanya penelitian dengan desain prospektif, acak, double-
blind (Ib) yang dipilih.

Effects
Number of
Author, year, ref. Drug Dose/Duration
Patients
Outcomes

Cefuroxime axetil 250mg BD/10 days 132

Clinical cure rates at tes
Henry, et al. 1999 (373)
of-cure visit
Amoxicillin/clavu- lanate 500/125mg TDS/10 days 131

500mg BD/10 days,

Ciprofloxacin 236 Clinical success ob-
Clifford, et al. 1999 placebo 4 days
served 6-10 days after
(374)
therapy
Clarithromycin 500mg BD, 14 days 221

400mg dose on day 1,

Sparfloxacin 252 Clinical success ob-
Henry, et al. 1999 (375) 200mg OD/9 days
served 6-10 days after
therapy
Clarithromycin 500mg BD/14 days 252

Levofloxacin 500mg OD/10-14 days 117

Clinical cure rates at tes
Lasko, et al. 1998 (372)
of-cure visit
Clarithromycin 500mg BD/10-14 days 221

Azithromycin 500mg OD/3 days 221

Hayle, et al. 1996 (376) Clinical success at the
Phenoxymethyl- end of therapy (D25)
1.3g TDS/10 days 217
penicillin

200mg OD/5 days after

Gehanno, et al. 1996 Sparfloxacin 193 Clinical symptoms +
400mg on day 1
bacteriological or
(377)
radiological data
Cefuroxime axetil 250mg BD/8 days 189

Cefpodoxime prox- etil 117

Von Sydow, et al.
1995 (378)
Amoxicillin 113

Cefcanel daloxate 300mg BD/10 days 229

Kohler, et al. 1995 (379) Clinical cure or
improvement
Cefaclor 250mg TDS/10 days 119
 Loracarbef 400mg BD/10 days 168
Unknown author, 1993 Clinical cure or
(380) 200mg first dose, 100mg improvement
Doxycycline 164
OD/10 days

Husfeldt, et al. 1993 Ofloxacin 400mg OD/7-14 days 136

Clinical cure
(381)
Erythromycin 500mg BD/7-14 days 144

Cyclacillin 500mg TDS/10 days 26

Scheld, et al. 1986 (382) Amoxicillin 500mg TDS/10 days 27 Clinical cure

Bacampicillin 1200mg BD 22

OD: once daily; BD: twice daily; TDS; three times daily.

Tabel 3.4.4. Studi tentang antibiotik "jangka pendek", membandingkan durasi dan dosis yang berbeda,
digunakan dalam pengobatan Acute Rhinosinusitis (ARS). Hanya penelitian dengan desain prospektif, acak,
double-blind (Ib) yang dipilih

Effects
Number of
Author, year, ref. Drug Dose / Duration
patients
Outcomes %

Levofloxacin 750mg/5 days 152 91

Poole, et al. 2006 (383) Clinical success
Levofloxacin 500mg/10 days 149 88

Gehanno, et al. 2004 Cefotiam hexetil 200mg BD/5 days 85

1018 Clinical cure rates
(384)
Cefotiam hexetil 200mg BD/10 days 85

Ferguson, et al. 2002 Gemifloxacin 320mg OD/5 days 218

Clinical cure rates at D
(385) test-of- cure visit =
Gemifloxacin 320mg OD/7 days 203

Telithromycin 800mg OD/5 days 123 91

Roos, et al. 2002 (386) Clinical cure rates at
test-of- cure visit
Telithromycin 800mg OD/10 days 133 91

Clarithromycin ER 122 85
Murray, et al. 2000 (387) Clinical cure rates at
test-of- cure visit
Clarithromycin IR 123 79

Amoxicillin/ 875/125mg 12 hourly/14

134 93
clavulanate potassium days
Seggev, et al. 1998 (388) Clinical success at
the end of therapy
Amoxicillin/ 500/125mg 8 hourly/14
88
clavulanate potassium days

Loracarbef 200mg BD/10 days 106 81

Favour- able clinical
Zeckel, et al. 1995 (389) Loracarbef 400mg BD/10 days 103 responses 81

Bacampicillin 400mg TDS 25 92

Sorri, et al. 1981 (390) Clinical assess-
ment
Bacampicillin 1200mg BD 22 86

Table 6.2.1. “Short Term” Antibiotics in CRSsNP.

Study Drug Number Time/Dose Effect o

56 acute rhinosinusitis 25 recur- rent 2x 500mg clinical

Huck 1993 (1683). ceflaclor vs. amoxi- cillin rhinosinusitis 15 chronic maxillary 3x500mg for 10 recurren
sinusitis days sinusitis

nasal di
amoxici
ciprofloxacin vs. ciprolox
Legent 1994 (1682) 251 9 days
amoxicillin clavu- lanate clinical
clavulan
ciproflo

clinical
Namyslowski 2002 875/125mg for cefurox
amoxicillin clavu- lanate
206 14 days 500mg amoxici
(1681) vs. cefuro- xime axetil
for 14 days 68% cli
98 cefur

* 1b (-): a level 1b study showing no difference between treatments

Table 6.2.2. Placebo controlled RCTs in long-term treatment with antibiotics in chronic rhinosinusitis
without polyps (1708) and in a mixed population CRS (1709).

Study Drug N= Time/dose Effect symptom

Significant effec
endoscopy, sacc
levels. CRSsNP
Wallwork 2006 (1708) Roxithromycin 64 12 weeks/150 mg daily cured in treatme
placebo group. I
IgE levels 93% w
the treatment gro

Azithromycin pla- cebo No significant ef

Videler 2011 (1709) 60 12 weeks/500 mg week
controlled in treatment grou

* 1b (-): a level 1b study showing no difference between treatments

Table 6.2.3. Placebo controlled RCTs in topical treatment with antibiotics in chronic rhinosinusitis without
polyps

Study Drug N Time/dose Effect sympt

Sykes 1986 Dexamethasone (D) neomycine (N) tramazoline NDT 14/20 im
50 4x daily for 2 weeks
(1673) (T) vs DT vs propellant alone improved
 Pl

Desrosiers Significant im
Tobramycin double blind placebo controlled 20 80 mg x3 daily/4 weeks
2001 (1726) symptoms Qo

Videler 2008 Bacitracin/colimycin topical spray with systemic bacitracin/colimycin

Improvement
levofloxacin double-blind, randomized, placebo- 14 (830/640 μg/ml) x 2 daily /
(1727) difference in s
controlled, cross-over 8 weeks

Table 6.6.1. Placebo controlled RCTs in short-term treatment with antibi- otics in CRSwNP.

Study Drug N Time/dose Effect symp- t

Schalek
anti staph anti- biotic no signifi- can
23 3 weeks
placebo control- led endoscopy, SN
2009 (1845)

Van
reduction of po
doxy- cycline placebo secretion, redu
Zele 47 3 weeks/ 100 mg day
control- led
of pro-in- flam
2010 (928)

1b(-): 1b study with negative effect.