vii

CONTENTS

TITLE i
DECLARATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
ABSTRAK vi
TABLES OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES x
LIST OF FIGURES xi
LIST OFABBREVIATIONS xiii
LIST OF SYMBOLS xv
LIST OF APPENDICES xvi

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of study 1
1.2 Problem statement 3
1.3 Objectives 3
1.4 Project scopes 3
1.5 Expected result 4
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CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5

2.1 Introduction 5
2.2 Programmable logic control system 5
2.3 PLC as controller 7
2.4 Configuration of automatic filling bottles system 9
2.4.1 Processing unit 9
2.4.2 Sensing unit 11
2.4.3 Data storage unit 12
2.5 Hardware requirement 13
2.5.1 Power window motor 13
2.5.2 Solenoid valve 14
2.5.3 Relay 16
2.5.4 DC motor pump 19
2.6 Software requirement 20
2.6.1 CX-Programmer 20

CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 21
3.1 Introduction 21
3.2 Project methodology 22
3.3 Planning 22
3.3.1 Literature review 23
3.3.2 List of hardware in project 23
3.4 Design 24
3.4.1 Software development 24
3.4.1.1 Block diagram 24
3.4.1.2 PLC wiring diagram 25
3.4.1.3 Flowchart process 26
3.4.1.4 CX-Programmer 28
3.4.2 Hardware development 31
3.4.2.1 Automatic filling bottle system 31
3.4.2.2 Bottle detection mechanism 31
3.4.2.3 Development of conveyor belt 32
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CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND ANALYSIS 36

4.1 Introduction 36
4.2 Protoype of the system 37
4.3 Simulation of program 39
4.4 Sensitivity of sensor to filled up the bottle 41
4.4.1 Sensitivity of sensor on same size of bottle 41
4.4.2 Sensitivity of sensor on different size of 43
bottle
4.5 Analysis on cost of the project 44
4.5.1 Conveyor belt cost 44
4.5.2 Electrical equipment cost 44
4.5.3 Mechanical equipment cost 45
4.5.4 Others 45
4.5.5 Total cost 45
4.6 Troubleshoot 46

CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 46
5.1 Future Development 47

REFERENCES 48

APPENDIX A 49

APPENDIX B 51

APPENDIX B1 55

APPENDIX C 58

APPENDIX D 59

VITA 61