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HISTORYAND
BACKGROUND What is STI?
Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are as old as STD stands for sexually transmitted disease (sexually
mankind and epidemics are mentioned already in the Old transmitted infection, or STI, is also used.) People
Testament. However, the perception of the conditions has contract STDs through sexual contact with an infected
changed over the centuries. In ancient times they were taken person. Some STDs have other, nonsexual means of
for an individual punishment for a blasphemic conduct of life transmission. Risk of contracting STDs can be reduced
or as a consequence of low sanitation and hygiene. In the by avoiding sexual contact or by consistent use of
medieval ages, the relation to sexual activities was condoms during sexual activity or by practicing safer
recognized, but the diversity of clinical symptoms was seen forms of sexual intimacy. In some cases, people can
as variations of one disease, depending on the stage of the further reduce their risk for contracting a sexually
disease and the general health condition of the diseased transmitted disease by being vaccinated
person. In the late 15th and 16th century a presumably "new
plague" had been imported to Europe and was rapidly
An STI is spread during sexual activity. It is spread
spread by soldiers. Misinterpretations of wrong experiments
during vaginal, anal, and oral sex. Some STIs (HIV and
on the suspected identity of syphilis and gonorrhoea led to
hepatitis B are also spread by contact with infected
nosologic misconceptions in the 17th and early 19th century.
blood. STIs are not normally spread by digital sex
The late 19th and beginning of 20st century due to the many
(fingering); however, unclean hands or uncut nails can
achievements in microbiology and chemistry finally took the
cause genital problems.
frightening threat from the STDs, which have terrorized
millions of "normal" and "famous" people of all social classes
over centuries and has been linked to many scandals.
Moreover, the perception of STDs has turned from a
"personal stroke of fate" into a collectively important issue of
public health.
genital area pain in the scrotum or testicles lumps and
bumps on the genitals. Many people who have an STI do
not develop any symptoms and may not be aware they
have an infection that can be passed on to their sexual

Causes, signs and partners. This is why check-ups are so important.

Symptoms Types of STI


There are three basic types of Sexually
A sexually transmitted infection (STI) is an infection
Transmitted Infection;
you can get by having sex. Some STIs (such as
gonorrhea and chlamydia) infect your sexual and

Bacterial
reproductive organs. Others (such as HIV, hepatitis B,
and syphilis) cause general body infections. STIs used to
be called VDs, or venereal diseases.

Sores or blisters on the genitals on or around the  Vaginitis


anus, or mouth Irregular growths (warts) in genital area It is an infection in the vagina. The vagina has a
Vaginal or penile discharge (may be unusual-smelling or special discharge that keeps it healthy. This
discoloured) Genital itching Pain with urination or having discharge varies in amount and consistency during
a bowel movement Pain with intercourse Vaginal the normal menstrual cycle.
bleeding or spotting after sexual intercourse Lower
abdominal pain or swelling of glands in groin area and  Gonorrhea
rash. It is a very common sexually transmitted infection
(STI). It is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a
There are many different STIs and there are many bacterium that can grow and multiply easily in the
signs that mean you may have contracted one, but warm, moist areas of the reproduction tract.
sometimes, there are no signs at all. When STIs do
produce symptoms, they usually develop on the genital  Syphilis
area. Your sexual contacts may also experience It is a sexually transmitted infection caused by
symptoms. Generally, the symptoms of STIs can include: bacterium Treponema Pallidum.
Treatment and prevention
Viral
 Genital Herpes
It is a sexually transmitte infection caused by the
herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 but the
most genital herpes is caused by the type 2
herpes.

 Human Papillomavirus or Genital Warts


This is caused by Human papillomavirus, this virus
is the name of a group of viruses that includes
more than 100 types.

 HIV and AIDS

Parasitic
 Pubic lice

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