HYPOTHESIS TESTS FOR A SINGLE MEAN

11.1 TESTING A HYPOTHESIS CONCERNING THE MEAN Example 01: DUNKIN donuts claim that the waiting time of
BY USE OF THE DISTRIBUTION customers for service is normally distributed with a mean of
three minutes and a standard deviation of one minute. The
Test Statistic: z – test (if  is known) quality assurance department found in a sample of 50
where: 𝑥̅ sample mean customers that the mean waiting time is 2.85 minutes. At a
̅ 𝜇 hypothesized mean 0.05 level of significance, can we conclude that the mean
𝜎 population waiting time is less than three minutes?
√
standard deviation
𝑛 sample size Example 02: Home Videos Inc. surveys 450 households and
finds that the mean amount spent for renting or buying
If the sampling distribution is normal, the test is videos is P135 a month and the standard deviation of the
appropriate for any sample size. sample is P75.25. Is this evidence sufficient to conclude that
Alternative the mean amount spent is greater than P127.50 per month at
Critical Region p – value a 0.025 level of significance?
Hypothesis
Reject if the Reject Ho if the
Example 03: A manufacturer contemplating the purchase of
computed test statistic – ( )
new tool making equipment has specified that, on average,
is greater than is less than .
the equipment should not require more than 10min of setup
Reject if the Reject Ho if the time per hour of operation. The purchasing agent visits a
computed test statistic – ( ) company where the equipment being considered is installed;
is less than is less than . from records there the agent notes that 25 randomly
Reject if the Reject Ho if the selected hours of operation included a total of 4hr and
computed test statistic – 30min of setup time, and the standard deviation of setup
is greater than ( | |) time per hour was 3.0 min. Based on this sample result, can
or less than is less than . the assumption that the equipment meets setup time
Note: is the computed test statistic. specifications be rejected at the 1 percent level of
significance?
11.2 TESTING A HYPOTHESIS CONCERNING THE
MEAN BY USE OF THE DISTRIBUTION Example 04: A teachers' union would like to establish that
The distribution is the appropriate basis for the average salary for high school teachers in a particular
state is less than $32,500. A random sample of 100 public
determining the standardized test statistic when the
high school teachers in the particular state has a mean salary
sampling distribution of the mean is normally distributed
of $31,578. It is known from past history that the standard
but is not known.
deviation of the salaries for the teachers in the state is
$4,415. Test the union's claim at the 5 percent level of
Test Statistic: t – test (if  is unknown) significance.
where: 𝑥̅ sample mean
̅ 𝜇 hypothesized mean Example 05: Canon, Inc., introduced a copying machine
𝑠 sample standard that features two-color copying capability in a compact
√
deviation
system copier. The average speed of the standard compact
𝑛 sample size
system copier is 27 copies per minute (as advertised in
Alternative national business magazines and elsewhere). Suppose that
Critical Region p – value the company wants to test whether the new two-color
Hypothesis
copier has the same average speed as its standard compact
Reject Reject Ho if the
if the
copier and it conducts a test of 24 runs of the new machines,
computed test statistic –( )
giving a sample mean of ̅=24.6 and sample standard
is greater than is less than . deviation (copies per minute). Using the significance
Reject Reject Ho if the
if the level , is there evidence to conclude that the average
computed test statistic
– ( ) speed of the new machine is different from the standard
is less than is less than . machine?
Reject if the
Reject Ho if the
computed test statistic – Example 06: Cloud seeding has been studied for many
is greater than ( | |) decades as a weather modification procedure. The rainfall in
or less than is less than . acre-feet from 20 clouds that were selected at random and
Note: 1) is the computed test statistic. seeded with silver nitrate follows: 18.0, 30.7, 19.8, 27.1,
2) and the -values are based on ( – ) 22.3, 18.8, 31.8, 23.4, 21.2, 27.9, 31.9, 27.1, 25.0, 24.7,
26.9, 21.8, 29.2, 34.8, 26.7, and 31.6. Can you support a
degrees of freedom. claim that mean rainfall from seeded clouds exceeds 25 acre-
feet? Use a 0.01 level of significance.
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