Detail Jasu GRG

1.
0 Introduction
1.1 Background
This report summarizes the structural analysis and design of “The Proposed Building of “Om
Sharma ” at Ba Na pa ,…… Baglung. The analysis and design has been based on the prevailing
codes that are in practice in Nepal, the National Building code of Nepal and the IS code at places.
This report consists of the design procedures adopted, the assumptions made, the inputs made in
the design and the design output.
1.2 Salient Features

1.2.1 Project Information
Client : Om Sharma
Building Type : Resitental
Location : PMC ,10 Kaski.
Plinth Area : 1484.00 Sq.ft
1.2.2 Building Features

Type of Structure : RCC Framed Structure
Storey : Five storey with stair cover
Floor Height : 3.04m
Total Height : 18.24m
1.2.3 Site Condition
Soil Type : II (for seismic consideration as per NBC 105)
Seismic Zone Factor : 1.0
Net safe bearing capacity : 125.00 KN/m2 for isolated and combined footing
Medium soil from site inspection.
1.3 Geometry of the Building
Configuration of the building is rectangular shaped. It consists of Five storey with stair cover.
Maximum length of the building is 20.36m and minimum width of the building is 7.89m. Plinth
height of the building is 0.45m.
2.0 Design Approach and Methodology
2.1 General
The structure is analyzed with Finite Element Method (FEM). Beams and columns are modeled
as frame (line) elements with sufficient and appropriate meshing. Modulus of elasticity and
poisson’s ratio for the materials used are taken accordingly. The section properties used are based
on preliminary section sizing with consideration for deflection, minimum sizing specified and
serviceability. Computation for stiffness as a whole is carried out using FEM based latest
software.
Response Spectrum load case approach is carried out and it is applied for lateral Response
spectrum ,distribution generated with IS 456,2000 based spectral Function for soil type-II.
For section design and check, suitable load combinations as suggested in NBC 105:1994 and if
not covered in that, IS 1893-2002 is referred with consideration of envelopes of internal forces
developed.
Foundation design is carried out to satisfy strength and stability requirements.
2.2 Software used: (Introduction to Analysis software)
1
The analysis for the structural system was carried out using SAP 2020, SAP 2020 is a product of
computers and structures Inc, Berkeley. It is a FEM based software having facility of RC Design
based on IS- 456:2000.
2.3 Structural Performance
Structural response under limit state of serviceability is thoroughly checked. The force and
stiffness relationship resulting the deflection under various load cases and combined action of
forces are duly evaluated. Basically short- term elastic deflection due to vertical loads and lateral
deflection due to seismic forces are of major importance along with the long-term defection of
beam elements under sustained loading condition due to shrinkage and creep are also taken into
account.
2.4 Deformation under Vertical Loads.
Maximum vertical deflection in all beam and slab elements that resulted under vertical load of
combined effect of self, imposed dead and live load are checked for critical elements and
maintained to be within permissible limit. Short-term elastic deflection and long-term deflection
due to shrinkage and creep due to sustained loads are also maintained within permissible limits
for all the elements.
2.5 Deformation Under Lateral Loads

Effect of lateral load due to seismic force is analyzed using response spectrum input compatible
with codal provision. Using compatible Response Spectrum method of modal combinations
combines the deformations and related forced reported.
2
3.0 Analysis
3.1 Loading details / Types of Loads.
a.Dead Load: The Dead load comprises the loads due to the materials used in the construction
and parts or components in a building. It consists of the loads due to structural elements like
beam, column, wall, slab, staircase, etc; finishes applied in the building and some permanent
structures like water tanks etc.
b. Imposed Load: The imposed load comprises the loads due to the physical contribution
of people and the loads due to the nature of occupancy, the furniture and other equipments which
are a part of the character of the occupancy. The imposed loads on the structural system are based
on the codal provisions as specified in IS 875(part2)-1987.
c.Earthquake load: The Earthquake load is the horizontal /lateral load induced by the ground
motion due to earthquakes. The design lateral load / force is considered in two orthogonal
horizontal directions of the structures. The earthquake induced lateral loads on the structural
system are based on the codal provisions as specified in NBC 105:1994.
3.2 Material Specification
Considering Architectural, Economic and strength demands, reinforced cement concrete (RCC) is
used as the major structural material, the selected material also confirms the availability and ease
in construction. The concrete grade used is M20 in general but M20 for structural columns
system above ground floor also. Fe 500 is provided as longitudinal and shear reinforcement is
structural elements wherever RCC is used.
Considerations of material for loading and strength parameter are as detailed below:
Concrete
1. Grade: M20
Characteristic Compressive strength: 20 N/mm2
Unit weight: 20.0 KN/m3
Young’s modulus of elasticity (E) = 22361000 KN/m2
Steel Reinforcement (for both longitudinal and shear reinforcement)

Grade: Fe 500
Yield stress: 500 N/mm2
Brick
Unit weight: 18.85 KN/m2
NOTE: During this design, brick is not considered as structural component and hence its strength
is not considered.
Finishing
Plaster
Unit Weight: 20.4 KN/m3
3
Floor Finish:
Specification: 50mm thick screed + punning on floor
Intensity: 1.02 KN/m2
Note: Additional load is considered for partition as well
Light partition ≈ 1.0 KN/m2
125mm thick brick wall ≈ 7.0 KN/m2
3.3 Loading on Structural Model

The following considerations are made during the loading on the structural model:
 The loads distributed over the area are imposed on area element and that distributed over
length are imposed on line element whenever possible.
 Where such loading is not applicable, equivalent conversion to different loading
distribution is carried to load the model near the real case as far as possible.
 For lateral load, necessary calculations are performed to comply with the requirements of
NBC 105: 1994.
The earthquake induced lateral loads are determined and used from the spectral load cases based
on NBC 105: 1994: Spectrum for Soil Type II. Lateral load thus developed is the product of
structural seismic mass, modal response and respective spectral ordinates.
3.4 Load Cases
The following load cases were used for loading during the analysis:
Dead : Self Weight of the building structural components
Finish : Weight of the finishing of the slabs and staircases (including steps)
Wall : Wall loads (including plaster)
Live : Live load in the building area elements
Rlive : Live load in the roof both accessible and inaccessible
Ex : Spectral seismic load in X-Direction
Ey : Spectral seismic load in Y-Direction
3.5 Load Combination

The load combinations are based on IS 1893 2002. The following load combinations are
specified by IS 1893 2002:
Static Load Combination:
1.5 Dead Loads + 1.5 Live Loads
Seismic Load Combination
1.2( Dead Loads +LL ± Earthquake Loads)
1.5(Dead Loads + LL± Earthquake Loads)
0.9 Dead Loads ± 1.5 Earthquake Loads
For seismic loading, mass equivalent to the load that is composed of 100% of Dead Load and
25% of Live Load is taken into consideration.
4
3.6 Assumptions
The following assumptions are taken into consideration in the seismic resistant analysis and
design of structures:
 Adequate supervision and quality systems are provided during execution of the works.
 Construction is carried out by personnel having the appropriate skill and experience.
 Construction materials and products confirm to the pertinent codes and specifications.
 The structure is adequately maintained.
 The structure is used in accordance with the design brief.
 An earthquake is not likely to occur simultaneously with maximum flood, wind, waves or
tides.
 Resonance as visualized under steady state sinusoidal excitation will not occur, as the
small duration of earthquake is not enough to build up resonance amplitudes.
 Subsoil does not considerably settle or slide due to earthquake at the site of structure.
3.7 Load Calculations

3.7.1 Dead Load
Wall Load Calculation
Thickness of wall = 9" + two side plaster = .25m.

Thickness of wall = 5" + two side plaster = .15m
Unit weight = 19KN/m3
Note:- Load due to Internal partition wall are apply in slab
1 Wall load at periphery of building on 4.50 span beam

Total wall weight = (4.20*2.54*.15*19) = 30.40 KN
Total weight 30.40 KN
KN/
UDL to be applied = total weight/Span = 7.24 m
Adopt 7.50 KN /m
2 Wall load at periphery of building on 4.57m span beam

For the floor having opening(6’-0”x4’-6”)

Opening Deduction = 1.83*1.37*.25*19 = -11.91 KN
Total weight 44.75 KN
KN/
UDL to be applied = total weight/Span = 9.79 m
Adopt 9.80 KN /m
3 Wall load at periphery of building on 3.35m span beam

For the floor having opening(6’-0”x4’-6”)

Opening
deduction
= 1.83*1.37*.25*19 = -11.91 KN
Tota 29.62 KN
5
l
weig
ht
UDL to be KN/
applied = total weight/Span = 8.84 m
Adopt
8.9KN /m
4 Wall load on all 5" thk internal wall building on 4.57m span beam
For all floor having opening(3’0”X7’0”X2)
Opening Deduction (0.90*2.13*.15*19) -5.46

total
UDL to be weight/Span
applied = = 6.24 KN
6.25
Adopt 6.25 KN /m
Live Load UDL (KN/m2) Concentrated load (KN)

Bed rooms and sitting rooms 2.0 2.7
Kitchen 2.0 4.5
Lobby/Corridor/Staircase 2.0 4.5
Balconies 2.0 1.5 per run meter
Store 2.0 4.5
Roof 1.5
6
3.7.2 Earthquake Load
The seismic lateral load is calculated through the response spectrum for soil type II, IS 1893
2002. The base shear is applied with the coefficient as calculated here under
Site Sub-soil category Type II

Seismic Zoning Factor 1.0
Importance Factor 1.5
Response Reduction factor R 5.0
Coefficient of Base Shear (CX) 2.59
Coefficient of Base Shear (CY) 3.03
Base Shear Vb (KN) 845.316
Storey Drift(mm) 4.32mm<12.16mm
Maximum displacement of storey 28.54 mm
* This consideration is made for the importance factor of educational building with likely larger
occupancy number.
ANALYSIS OUTPUTS
3.8 Results from Structural models and analysis
3D Model of the Building
Joints Labels
7
TABLE: Joint
Reactions
Joint OutputCase CaseType F1 F2 F3 M1 M2
Text Text Text KN KN KN KN-m KN-m
1 DCON2 Combination -0.801 1.235 706.624 -0.6267 -1.1378
7 DCON2 Combination 0.024 0.004867 1008.052 0.2274 -0.2329
9 DCON2 Combination 1.961 6.045 1136.814 -5.8725 1.7139
17 DCON2 Combination -2.85 -1.52 913.598 2.2215 -2.9776
21 DCON2 Combination 4.24 -4.668 734.938 4.4903 4.1268
Stress Diagrams (Samples only)
8
Sample Axial Force Diagram
Sample Shear Force Diagram
Sample Bending Moment Diagram
9
5.0 Design of Members
Design of Foundation
Modeling, analysis and design is carried out using the software. However design of the individual
elements is carried out manually. Results of the design output of beams and columns given by the
software are directly used but the design of slab, staircase and foundation is checked manually.
The sample calculation of the individual elements is presented below.
The reactions in the column bases for the foundation combination are as given below
FOUNDATION DESIGN
DESIGN OF ISOLATED FOOTING - SPREADSHEET

AS PER IS 456: 2000
Data: Column no. 13

load case Combo2
Concrete grade, M 20
Steel grade, Fe 500
Axial load, kN 950 kN
My, kNm -1.1 kNm
Mz, kNm -0.9 kNm
Column size, b 450 mm
10
Column size, d 450 mm
SBC of soil, kN/m2 150 kN/m2
Design factor 1.5
Pressure: Axial load 950 kN

App. Self weight 95 kN
Total weight 1045 kN
Area of footing 6.97 m2

size of footing, Bf 2.6 mt
size of footing, Df 2.5 mt
Projection, b1 1.075 mt
Projection, d1 1.025 mt
Footing Pressure,
Pmax = P/A + My/Zy + Mz/Zz
Pmax 145.43 kN/m2
Pmin = P/A - My/Zy - Mz/Zz
Pmin 146.88 kN/m2
Eccentricity:
Y 1.29 mt
X 1.31 mt
L 2.6 mt
2/3 L 1.73 mt
b 2.5 mt
qu 219.230769 kN/m2
Eff. qu 219.230769 kN/m2
Shear Chk.
One way Shear : At distance d from face of column.
pt assumed 0.25 %
Designed shear
0.36 N/mm2
stress
vu 315.144231
d= 406.87 mm
d provided 450.00 mm
Two way Shear : At distance d/2 from face of column.

Perimeter 3600 mm
S.F. at this section 1,247.42 kN
Ks 1.00
tc 1.12 N/mm2
tv 0.77 N/mm2
Resistance 1,811.22 N/mm2 Safe
11
Flexure design:
For section efbg
pressure@f 146.10 kN/m2

pressure@b 145.43 kN/m2
Moment@eg. Meg 126.67 kNm
Mu 190.01 kNm
d provided 450.00 mm
Mu/bd2 0.94 N/mm2
pt 0.229 %
pt provided 0.250
Ast 1,125.0 mm2/m width
provide 16# @125c/c
Ast Provided 1447 mm2/m width
Check in other direction :

For section abcd
pressure@b 145.43 kN/m2
pressure@c 146.21 kN/m2
Moment@ad, Mad 115.16 kNm
Mu 172.75 kNm
d req 254.81 mm
M/bd2 0.85
pt 0.207 %
Ast 931 mm2/m width
provide 16# @125c/c
Ast provided 1447 mm2
Sample Slab Design
Input Parameters
Length of shorter span (lx) = 3.66 m
Length of longer span (ly) = 4.57 m

Support condition 3
Slab type
= 26
= 1
 (assumed) = 1.4
ly/lx = 1.25
Design two way slab
12
Assume grade of concrete (fck) = M 20
Assume steel (fy) = Fe 500
Thickness of marble finishing = 20.00 mm
Thickness of screed = 25.00 mm
Thickness of plaster = 12.00 mm
Unit weight of marble = 26.50 KN/m3
Unit weight of screed = 22.00 KN/m3
Unit weight of plaster = 20.40 KN/m3
Unit weight of concrete = 25.00 KN/m3
Live load = 2 KN/m2
Assume bar diameter = 10.00 mm
Effective depth of slab (d)  100.51 mm

Assume, d = 110.00 mm
Total depth of slab, D = 125.00 mm
Dead load calculation of slab

Dead load of slab due to concrete = 3.13 KN/m2
Dead load due to floor finish (marble) = 0.53 KN/m2
Dead load due to screed = 0.55 KN/m2
Dead load due to plaster = 0.24 KN/m2
Partition load = 5.00 KN/m2
Total dead load = 9.45 KN/m2
Dead load + Live load = 11.45 KN/m2
Design load = 17.17 KN/m2
Bending moment Coefficients Max. bending moment

x = 0.0415 Mx = 9.54 KNm
x = 0.0545 -Mx = 12.53 KNm
y = 0.0280 My = 10.06 KNm
y = 0.0370 -My = 13.29 KNm
Mmax = 13.29 KNm
Check depth for moment

Required depth for moment = 69.39 mm
Provided depth, d = 110.00 mm
Required depth is < Provided depth
O.K. safe
Area of steel
Solving quadratic equation
0.0250 Ast2 + -110.0000 Ast + 23120.2627 = 0
2
0.0250 Ast + -110.0000 Ast + 30551.7757 = 0
Bottom bars Top bars
Ast = 4178.6838 mm2 Ast = 4102.0854 mm2
Ast = 221.3162 mm2 Ast = 297.9146 mm2
Spacing required
13
8 rods @ 227.0 mm c/c Bottom bars
10  rods @ 263.5 mm c/c Top bars
Spacing provided
8  rods @ 150.0 mm c/c Bottom bars
10  rods @ 150.0 mm c/c Top bars
Check for shear

Provided Ast = 334.9 mm2
p% = 0.3 k= 1.3
c' = 0.4 N/mm 2
IS 456:2000 (Table 19)
c = 0.5 N/mm 2
Max.shear force (Vu) = 31.4 KN

v = 0.3 N/mm2
c > v
O.K. safe
Check for minimum steel

Minimum steel (0.12%) Provided steel
132.00 mm2 < 334.93 mm2
O.K.
Check for deflection

= 26 fs = 191.625 = 1
= 1 = 1.671 = 1
Allowable L/d = 43.45

Actual L/d = 33.26
Allowable L/d > Actual L/d
O.K.
Design of Beams and Columns
The design of beams and columns are done from the software itself. However, it is to be notified
that the limitations of the design by the software have been evaluated and the adjustments have
14
been made accordingly. The samples (summary) of the design through the software based on
IS456: 2000 has been presented hereunder.
Output for the Reinforcement Area (Beams and Columns)
TABLE: Concrete Design 1 - Column Summary Data - Indian IS 456-2000

Frame DesignSect DesignType DesignOpt Location PMMCombo PMMArea
Text Text Text Text mm Text mm2
1 COLUMN 450*450 Column Design 0 UDCON13 2865.99
1 COLUMN 450*450 Column Design 1520 UDCON2 1620
15
16
17
18
19
SAP2000 14 Concrete Frame Design
20
IS 456:2000 Column Section Design
SAP2000 14 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design
21
SUMMARY 0F REINFORCEMENT BAR
Reinforcement details of column section
22
Column1 Column2 Column3
Lateral ties
(450x450) (450x450) (450x450)
Ground 12 - 20dia. Bars 8 - 20dia. Bars 4 - 20dia. Bars

Floor 4 - 16dia. Bars 8 - 16dia. Bars
First 12 - 20dia. Bars 8 - 20dia. Bars 4 - 20dia. Bars

Floor 4 - 16dia. Bars 8 - 16dia. Bars 8 mm dia. 2- legged
lateral ties @100
mm & 150mm c/c
12 - 16dia. Bars 12 - 16dia. Bars 12 - 16dia. Bars at ends & mid
2nd Floor height
3rd Floor 8 - 16dia. Bars 8 - 16dia. Bars 8 - 16dia. Bars

& upto 4 - 12dia. Bars 4 - 12dia. Bars 4 - 12dia. Bars
5th floor
Reinforcement details of beam section.
Re-Bars at Support Re-Bars at Mid Span
Top Bottom Top Bottom
Beam
3 – 20dia TH. 3 – 20dia TH. 3 – 20dia TH. 3 – 20dia TH.
300 x 475mm
2 – 16dia EXT. 1- 16dia TH 1 – 16dia TH.
Tie Beam 2-16 dia TH. 2-16 dia TH. 2-16dia TH. 2-16 dia TH.
300*300mm 1-16dia TH 1-16dia TH 1-16dia TH 1-16dia TH
Strap Beam
5-16 dia TH 4-16 dia TH 5-16 dia TH 4-16 dia TH
300*450
8 mm dia. vertical
8 mm dia. vertical
Vertical stirrups@100mm c/c upto L/4
stirrups@150mm c/c at mid span
stirrups from end of support
23
The site supervisions & quality test of the different constructions materials of
the proposed building do not undertaken by the structural engineer(herein the
Designer). Hence any failure or error occurred with the building due to the
non – implementation of the recommendations made in this report and
structural drwg. Or due to improper construction will not be the responsibility
of the Structural Engineer.
The structural analysis has been completed on the assumptions that the
proposed building shall be constructed under the proper supervisions of
skilled technical person.
Also the structural engineer will not responsible for sub soil explorations at
the site. The foundation design has been completed only based on the
condition of soil strata upto one metre depth at the site of the concerned
building.
REFERENCES
1) Jain, A.K- R.C.CLimit State Design, Nem Chand & Bros, Roorkee, 1990
2) Shah & Kale- R.C.C Design, Macmillan India Limited
3) Ashok k. Jain- Advanced Structural Analysis, Nem Chand & Bros, Roorkee, 1990
4) S.S. Bhavikati-Structural Analysis- II, Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
5) V.N. Vazirani- Analysis of Structures-II, Khanna Publishers
6) S. Ramamrutham-Theory of Structures, Dhanpat Rai Publishing Company
Codes
1) I.S. 456-2000 -Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete
2) I S. 456-1978 -Design Aids for Reinforced Concrete ( S.P.-16 )
3) S.P.34-1987 - Handbook on Concrete Reinforcement and Detailing
4) I S 1893-2003 - Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design Structure
5) NBC 105:1994, Seismic Design of Building in Nepal
6) NBC 1994 FOR Ductile Detailing for RCC Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces
7) I S 13920-1993 -Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures subjected to
Seismic forces
8) I S 875-1987 -Code of practice for Design Loads for Buildings and Structures
Part 1- Dead Loads
Part 2- Imposed Loads
Designed by
Er. Sailesh Adhikari
(NEC .Regd No.10059)
24

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1.

1.2 Salient Features

1.2.2 Building Features

1.3 Geometry of the Building

2.0 Design Approach and Methodology

2.2 Software used: (Introduction to Analysis software)

2.3 Structural Performance

2.4 Deformation under Vertical Loads.

2.5 Deformation Under Lateral Loads

3.1 Loading details / Types of Loads.

3.2 Material Specification

Steel Reinforcement (for both longitudinal and shear reinforcement)

3.3 Loading on Structural Model

3.5 Load Combination

3.7 Load Calculations

Thickness of wall = 9" + two side plaster = .25m.

Note:- Load due to Internal partition wall are apply in slab

1 Wall load at periphery of building on 4.50 span beam

2 Wall load at periphery of building on 4.57m span beam

Total wall weight = (4.57*2.61*.25*19) = 56.66 KN

3 Wall load at periphery of building on 3.35m span beam

Total wall weight = (3.35*2.61*.25*19) = 41.53 KN

Total wall weight = (4.57*2.61*.15*19) = 33.99 KN

Opening Deduction (0.90*2.13*.15*19) -5.46

Live Load UDL (KN/m2) Concentrated load (KN)

Site Sub-soil category Type II

3.8 Results from Structural models and analysis

3D Model of the Building

Stress Diagrams (Samples only)

Sample Shear Force Diagram

Sample Bending Moment Diagram

DESIGN OF ISOLATED FOOTING - SPREADSHEET

Data: Column no. 13

Pressure: Axial load 950 kN

Area of footing 6.97 m2

Two way Shear : At distance d/2 from face of column.

For section efbg

pressure@f 146.10 kN/m2

Check in other direction :

Sample Slab Design

Length of longer span (ly) = 4.57 m

Effective depth of slab (d)  100.51 mm

Dead load calculation of slab

Bending moment Coefficients Max. bending moment

Check depth for moment

Check for shear

Max.shear force (Vu) = 31.4 KN

Check for minimum steel

Check for deflection

Allowable L/d = 43.45

Design of Beams and Columns

TABLE: Concrete Design 1 - Column Summary Data - Indian IS 456-2000

SAP2000 14 Concrete Frame Design

SAP2000 14 Concrete Frame Design

Reinforcement details of column section

Ground 12 - 20dia. Bars 8 - 20dia. Bars 4 - 20dia. Bars

First 12 - 20dia. Bars 8 - 20dia. Bars 4 - 20dia. Bars

3rd Floor 8 - 16dia. Bars 8 - 16dia. Bars 8 - 16dia. Bars

Reinforcement details of beam section.

Re-Bars at Support Re-Bars at Mid Span

Top Bottom Top Bottom

Anda mungkin juga menyukai

Total wall weight = (4.572.61.25*19) = 56.66 KN

Total wall weight = (3.352.61.25*19) = 41.53 KN

Total wall weight = (4.572.61.15*19) = 33.99 KN

Opening Deduction (0.902.13.15*19) -5.46