AL8860

40V 1.5A BUCK LED DRIVER

Description Pin Assignments

(Top View)
The AL8860 is a hysteresis mode DC/DC step-down converter,
designed for driving single or multiple series connected LEDs
efficiently from a voltage source higher than the LED voltage. The
device can operate from an input supply between 4.5V and 40V and
provide an externally adjustable output current up to 1A for TSOT25
package and 1.5A for MSOP-8EP package. Depending upon supply
voltage and external components, this converter can provide up to 40
watts output power.

The AL8860 integrates the power switch and a high-side output TSOT25
current sensing circuit, which uses an external resistor to set the (Top View)
nominal average output current.

Dimming can be realized by applying an external control signal to the

CTRL pin. The CTRL pin will accept either a DC voltage signal or a
PWM signal. EP

The soft-start time can be adjusted by an external capacitor from the

CTRL pin to ground. Applying a voltage of 0.2V or lower to the CTRL
pin can turn off the output and make the device enter into standby
state with low current consumption.
MSOP-8EP

Applications
Features
 LED Retrofit for Low Voltage Halogen
 Low BOM Counts  Low Voltage Industrial Lighting
 Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.5V to 40V  Illuminated Signs
 Output Current Up to 1.5A  External Driver with Multiple Channels
 Internal 40V NDMOS Switch
 Typical 5% Output Current Accuracy
 Single Pin for On/Off and Brightness Control by DC Voltage or
PWM Signal
 Recommended Analog Dimming Range: 5% ~100%
 Soft-Start
 High Efficiency (Up to 97%)
 LED Short Protection
 Inherent Open-Circuit LED Protection
 Over Temperature Protection (OTP)
 Up to 1MHz Switching Frequency
 Pb-Free TSOT25 and MSOP-8EP Packages
 Totally Lead-Free & Fully RoHS Compliant (Notes 1 & 2)
 Halogen and Antimony Free. “Green” Device (Note 3)

Notes: 1. No purposely added lead. Fully EU Directive 2002/95/EC (RoHS) & 2011/65/EU (RoHS 2) compliant.
2. See http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about Diodes Incorporated‟s definitions of Halogen- and Antimony-free, "Green"
and Lead-free.
3. Halogen- and Antimony-free "Green” products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total Br + Cl) and
<1000ppm antimony compounds.

AL8860 1 of 17 February 2017

Document number: DS39014 Rev. 2 - 2 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
 AL8860

Typical Applications Circuit

Pin Descriptions

Pin Number
Pin Name Function
TSOT25 MSOP-8EP
1 5,6 SW Drain of NDMOS switch.
2 2,3 GND Ground (0V)
• Multi-function On/Off and brightness control pin:
• Leave floating for normal operation.
• Drive to voltage below 0.2V to turn off output current
• Drive with DC voltage (0.3V < CTRL< 2.5V) to adjust output current from 0 to 100% of I OUT_NOM
3 4 CTRL
• Drive with PWM signal from open-collector or open-drain transistor, to adjust output current.
Linear adjustment range from 1% to 100% of IOUT_NOM for f < 500Hz
• Connect a capacitor from this pin to ground to increase soft-start time.
(Default soft-start time = 0.1ms. Additional soft-start time is approx.1.5ms/1nF)
4 1 SET Connect resistor RS from this pin to VIN to define nominal average output current: IOUT_NOM = 0.1/Rs
Input voltage (4.5V to 40V). Decouple to ground with 10μF or higher X7R ceramic capacitor close to
5 8 VIN
device.
Exposed pad. Connect to GND and thermal mass for enhanced thermal impedance. Should not be
- EP EP
used as electrical ground conduction path.
- 7 N/C No Connection

Functional Block Diagram

SET SW
4(1)

1(5,6)
VIN
5(8)
4.5V
VDD Current
Generator 4.5V_Drv Monitor

Comp
BG & Ref Hysteresis
Reference Control PWM Logic & Driver

PWM/DC PWM OTP

CTRL Dimming
OTP
A（B）
3(4)
A for TSOT25 2(2,3)
B for MSOP-8EP
GND
AL8860
AL8860 2 of 17 February 2017
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 AL8860

Absolute Maximum Ratings (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified) (Note 4)

Symbol Parameter Rating Unit

ESD HBM Human Body Model ESD Protection 2.5 kV
ESD MM Machine Model ESD Protection 200 V
VIN Input Voltage -0.3 to +42 V
VSW, VSET SW, SET Pin Voltage -0.3 to +42 V
VCTRL CTRL Pin Voltage -0.3 to +6 V
TJ Operating Junction Temperature +150 °C
TSTG Storage Temperature Range -65 to +150 °C
TLEAD Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec) +260 °C
TSOT25 (Note 5) 147
θJA Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) °C/W
MSOP-8EP (Note 6) 56
TSOT25 (Note 5) 27
θJC Thermal Resistance (Junction to Case) °C/W
MSOP-8EP (Note 6) 15
Note: 4. Stresses greater than those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “Recommended Operating Conditions” is not implied.
Exposure to “Absolute Maximum Ratings” for extended periods may affect device reliability.
5. Device mounted on 1"x1" FR-4 MRP substrate PC board, 2oz cooper, with minimum recommended pad layout.
6. Device mounted on 2"*2" FR-4 substrate PC board, 2oz copper, with minimum recommended pad layout.

Recommended Operating Conditions (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)

Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit

VIN Input Voltage 4.5 40 V
fSW Switching Frequency - 1 MHz
TSOT25 - 1
IOUT Continuous Output Current A
MSOP-8EP - 1.5
- Recommended Analog Dimming Range 5 100 %
TA Operating Ambient Temperature -40 +85 °C
TJ Operating Junction Temperature -40 +125 °C

AL8860 3 of 17 February 2017

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 AL8860

Electrical Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)

Symbol Parameter Condition Min Typ Max Unit

VIN Input Voltage - 4.5 - 40 V
IQ Quiescent Current CTRL pin floating, VIN =16V - 0.55 - mA
ISHDN Shutdown Supply Current CTRL pin grounded - 50 80 µA
Mean Current Sense Threshold Measured on SET Pin with
VSENSE 96 100 104 mV
Voltage Respect to VIN
VSENSE_HYS Sense Threshold Hysteresis - - ±20 - %
ISET SET Pin Input Current VSET = VIN -0.1 - 8 - µA
VEN CTRL Range on CTRL Pin For Analog Dimming 0.3 - 2.5 V
VEN(ON) DC Voltage on CTRL Pin to Enable VEN Rising - 0.25 - V
VEN(OFF) DC Voltage on CTRL Pin to Disable VEN Falling - 0.2 - V
RSW SW Switch On Resistance @ISW = 100mA - 0.2 - Ω
ISW(LEAK) SW Switch Leakage Current - - - 5 μA
tSS Soft Start Time VIN = 16V, CEN = 1nF - 1.5 - ms
VIN = 16V, VO = 9.6V (3 LEDs)
fSW Operating Frequency - 250 - kHz
L = 47μF, ΔI = 0.25A (ILED = 1A)
Recommended Minimum Switch ON
tON_REC For 4% Accuracy - 500 - ns
Time
Recommended Maximum Switch
fSW(MAX) - - - 1.0 MHz
Frequency
DSW(MAX) Max Duty Cycle - - 98 - %
DSW Recommended Duty Cycle Range - 25 - 75 %
Internal Comparator Propagation
tPD - - 45 - ns
Delay (Note 7)
TOTP Over Temperature Protection - - +150 - °C
TOTP_HYS Temperature Protection Hysteresis - - +30 - °C
Note: 7. Guaranteed by design.

AL8860 4 of 17 February 2017

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 AL8860

Typical Performance Characteristics (@TA = +25°C, VIN = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)

Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage Quiescent Current vs. Temperature

560 600

540 580

520 560

Quiescent Current (A)

Quiescent Current (A)

500 540

480 520

460 500

440 480
VIN=16V
420 460

400 440

380 420

360 400
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Input Voltage(V)
Temperature('C)

Shutdown Current vs. Input voltage Shutdown Current vs. Temperature

60 100

58 90

56 80
Shutdown Current (A)

Shutdown Current (A)

54 70

52 60

50 50

48 40
VIN=16V
46 30

44 20

42 10

40 0
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
-50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125
Input Voltage(V)
Temperature('C)

SET Threshold Voltage vs. Input voltage PWM Dimming (VIN=16V, 3LEDs, 47μH, Rs=0.3Ω)
Output Current vs. Duty Cycle
120 340
115 320
300
110 280 L=47H,freq=680kHz
SET threshold Voltage(mV)

105 260 fPWM=100Hz

240 fPWM=200Hz
100
Output Current (mA)

220 fPWM=500Hz
95 200 fPWM=1kHz
90 180
160
85
140
80 VTH_H 120
75 VTH_mean 100
VTH_L 80
70
60
65 40
60 20
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 0
Input Voltage(V) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Duty Cycle(%)

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 AL8860

Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VIN = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)

Analog Dimming (VIN=16V, 3LEDs, 47μH, Rs=0.3Ω) Efficiency vs. Input Voltage
LED Current vs. CTRL Pin Voltage (TSOT25, Rs=0.3Ω, L=100μH)
340 100
320 98
300 96
280 94
260 92
240
90

Efficiency(%)
LED Current (mA)

220
88
200
180 86
160 84
L=100H, Rs=0.3
140 82 Vo=3.3V
Vo=6.6V
120 80 Vo=9.9V
100 78 Vo=13.2V
Vo=16.5V
80 76 Vo=19.8V
60 Vo=23.1V
74 Vo=26.4V
40
72 Vo=29.7V
20 Vo=33V
0 70
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Input Voltage(V)
CTRL pin Voltage (V)

Efficiency vs. Input Voltage Efficiency vs. Input Voltage

(TSOT25, Rs=0.15Ω, L=47μH) (TSOT25, Rs=0.1Ω, L=33μH)

100 100

98 98
96
96
94
94
92
92
90
Efficiency(%)

90
Efficiency (%)

88
88
86
86
84
84 L=33H, Rs=0.1
82
82 L=47H, Rs=0.15 Vo=3.3V
Vo=3.3V 80 Vo=6.6V
80 Vo=6.6V Vo=9.9V
Vo=9.9V 78 Vo=13.2V
78 Vo=13.2V Vo=16.5V
76
Vo=16.5V Vo=19.8V
76 74 Vo=23.1V
Vo=19.8V
74 Vo=23.1V Vo=26.4V
Vo=26.4V 72 Vo=29.7V
72 Vo=29.7V 70
Vo=33V
Vo=33V 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
70
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 Input Voltage(V)
Input Voltage(V)

Efficiency vs. Input Voltage Efficiency vs. Input Voltage

(MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.1Ω, L=68μH) (MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.067Ω, L=47μH)
100 100
98 98
96
96
94
92 94
90 92
88 90
Efficiency(%)

86
Efficiency(%)

88
84
82 86
80 84
78 82
L=68H, Rs=0.1
76
Vo=3.3V 80
74 Vo=6.6V L=47uH, Rs=0.067
Vo=3.3V
72 Vo=9.9V 78 Vo=6.6V
70 Vo=13.2V Vo=9.9V
Vo=16.5V
76 Vo=13.2V
68 Vo=19.8V
Vo=16.5V
74 Vo=19.8V
66 Vo=23.1V Vo=23.1V
64 Vo=26.4V 72 Vo=26.4V
Vo=29.7V
Vo=29.7V
62 70 Vo=33V
Vo=33V
60 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 Input Voltage(V)
Input Voltage(V)

AL8860 6 of 17 February 2017

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 AL8860

Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VIN = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)

LED Current vs. Input Voltage LED Current vs. Input Voltage
(TSOT25, Rs=0.3Ω, L=100μH) (TSOT25, Rs=0.15Ω, L=47μH)
350 700
348 L=100H, Rs=0.3 L=47H, Rs=0.15
Vo=3.3V 695 Vo=3.3V
346 Vo=6.6V Vo=6.6V
Vo=9.9V 690 Vo=9.9V
344 Vo=13.2V Vo=13.2V
342 Vo=16.5V 685 Vo=16.5V
Vo=19.8V Vo=19.8V

LED Current(mA)
LED Current(mA)

340 Vo=23.1V 680 Vo=23.1V

Vo=26.4V Vo=26.4V
338 Vo=29.7V 675 Vo=29.7V
Vo=33V
336 Vo=33V
670
334
332 665

330 660
328 655
326
650
324
322 645

320 640
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Input Voltage(V) Input Voltage(V)

LED Current vs. Input Voltage LED Current vs. Input Voltage
(TSOT25, Rs=0.1Ω, L=33μH) (MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.1Ω, L=68μH)
1030 1030
L=33H, Rs=0.1
1025 Vo=3.3V 1025
Vo=6.6V
1020 Vo=9.9V 1020
Vo=13.2V
1015 Vo=16.5V 1015
Vo=19.8V
LED Current(mA)
LED Current(mA)

Vo=23.1V 1010
1010
Vo=26.4V
Vo=29.7V
1005 1005
Vo=33V

1000 1000 L=68H, Rs=0.1

Vo=3.3V
995 995 Vo=6.6V
Vo=9.9V
990 990
Vo=13.2V
985 985 Vo=16.5V
Vo=19.8V
980 980 Vo=23.1V
Vo=26.4V
975 975 Vo=29.7V
Vo=33V
970 970
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Input Voltage(V) Input Voltage(V)

LED Current vs. Input Voltage Operating Frequency vs. Input Voltage
(MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.067Ω, L=47μH) (TSOT25, Rs=0.3Ω, L=100μH)

800
1.56
750 L=100H, Rs=0.3
L=47H, Rs=0.067 Vo=3.3V
700
1.55 Vo=3.3V Vo=6.6V
Vo=6.6V 650
Vo=9.9V
Vo=9.9V 600 Vo=13.2V
1.54 Vo=13.2V 550 Vo=16.5V
Frequency(kHz)

Vo=16.5V Vo=19.8V
LED Current(A)

500
1.53 Vo=19.8V Vo=23.1V
Vo=23.1V 450
Vo=26.4V
Vo=26.4V 400 Vo=29.7V
1.52 Vo=29.7V 350 Vo=33V
Vo=33V
300
1.51
250
200
1.50
150
100
1.49
50
0
1.48
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Input Voltage(V)
Input Voltage(V)

AL8860 7 of 17 February 2017

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 AL8860

Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VIN =16V, unless otherwise specified.)

Operating Frequency vs. Input Voltage Operating Frequency vs. Input Voltage
(TSOT25, Rs=0.15Ω, L=47μH) (TSOT25, Rs=0.1Ω, L=33μH)

850 900
800 L=47H, Rs=0.15 850 L=33H, Rs=0.1
750 Vo=3.3V 800 Vo=3.3V
700 Vo=6.6V 750 Vo=6.6V
Vo=9.9V 700 Vo=9.9V
650
Vo=13.2V 650 Vo=13.2V
600 Vo=16.5V

Frequency(kHz)
Vo=16.5V
Frequency(kHz)

600
550 Vo=19.8V Vo=19.8V
550
500 Vo=23.1V Vo=23.1V
500
450 Vo=26.4V Vo=26.4V
Vo=29.7V 450
400 400
Vo=29.7V
Vo=33V Vo=33V
350 350
300 300
250 250
200 200
150 150
100 100
50 50
0 0
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Input Voltage(V) Input Voltage(V)

Operating Frequency vs. Input Voltage Operating Frequency vs. Input Voltage
(MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.1Ω, L=68μH) (MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.067Ω, L=47μH)
400 500
L=68H, Rs=0.1 L=47H, Rs=0.067
450 Vo=3.3V
350 Vo=3.3V
Vo=6.6V Vo=6.6V
400 Vo=9.9V
Vo=9.9V
300 Vo=13.2V
Vo=13.2V 350
Frequency(kHz)

Vo=16.5V
Frequency(kHz)

Vo=16.5V
250 Vo=19.8V Vo=19.8V
300
Vo=23.1V Vo=23.1V
Vo=26.4V 250 Vo=26.4V
200
Vo=29.7V Vo=29.7V
Vo=33V 200 Vo=33V
150
150
100
100

50 50

0 0
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40
Input Voltage(V) Input Voltage(V)

LED Current vs. Output Voltage LED Current vs. Output Voltage
(TSOT25, Rs=0.3Ω, L=100μH) (TSOT25, Rs=0.15Ω, L=47μH)
350 700
348 695 L=47H, Rs=0.15
346 L=100H, Rs=0.3 VIN=10V
VIN=10V 690 VIN=12V
344 VIN=12V VIN=16V
342
VIN=16V 685 VIN=20V
VIN=20V VIN=24V
LED Current(mA)
LED Current(mA)

340 VIN=24V 680 VIN=28V

VIN=28V VIN=32V
338 VIN=32V 675 VIN=36V
VIN=36V
336 VIN=40V
VIN=40V
670
334
332 665

330 660
328 655
326
650
324
645
322
320 640
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33
Output Voltage(V) Output Voltage(V)

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 AL8860

Typical Performance Characteristics (Cont.) (@TA = +25°C, VIN = 16V, unless otherwise specified.)

LED Current vs. Output Voltage LED Current vs. Output Voltage
(TSOT25, Rs=0.1Ω, L=33μH) (MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.1Ω, L=68μH)
1030 1030
L=33H, Rs=0.1 L=68H, Rs=0.1
1025 VIN=10V
1025
VIN=10V
VIN=12V
1020 1020 VIN=12V
VIN=16V
VIN=20V VIN=16V
1015 VIN=24V 1015 VIN=20V
VIN=28V VIN=24V

LED Current(mA)
LED Current(mA)

1010 VIN=32V 1010 VIN=28V

VIN=36V VIN=32V
1005 VIN=40V 1005 VIN=36V
VIN=40V
1000 1000

995 995

990 990

985 985

980 980

975 975

970 970
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33
Output Voltage(V) Output Voltage(V)

LED Current vs. Output Voltage

(MSOP-8EP, Rs=0.067Ω, L=47μH)

1.56 L=47uH, Rs=0.067

VIN=10V
VIN=12V
1.55 VIN=16V
VIN=20V
VIN=24V
1.54 VIN=28V
VIN=32V
VIN=36V
LED Current(A)

1.53 VIN=40V

1.52

1.51

1.50

1.49

1.48
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33
Output Voltage(V)

AL8860 9 of 17 February 2017

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 AL8860

Performance Characteristics (@VIN=16V, 3LEDs, RS=0.3Ω, L=47μH, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise specified.)

Steady State Start Up

VIN
10V/div
IL
100mA/div VSW
10V/div
VCTRL
VSW 2V/div
5V/div IL
200mA/div

Time 1s/div Time 20s/div

PWM Dimming (100Hz, Duty=50%) Pulse Skip Mode

VCTRL
2V/div
IL
VSW 100mA/div
10V/div

VSW
IL
5V/div
200mA/div

Time 5ms/div Time 20s/div

LED Open Protection

VSW
10V/div

IL
200mA/div

VLED-
5V/div

Time 1ms/div

AL8860 10 of 17 February 2017

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 AL8860

Application Information
The AL8860 is a hysteretic mode LED driver with integrated power switch. It is available for two packages that provide a tradeoff between PCB area
and power dissipation capability. It is recommended that for higher LED currents/smaller PCBs that the MSOP-8EP version should be used to
maximize the allowable LED current over a wider ambient temperature range.

AL8860 Operation
In normal operation, when normal input voltage is applied at VIN, the AL8860 internal switch will turn on. Current starts to flow through sense
resistor RS, inductor L1, and the LEDs. The current ramps up linearly, and the ramp rate is determined by the input voltage V IN and the inductor L1.

This rising current produces a voltage ramp across RS. The internal circuit of the AL8860 senses the voltage across RS and applies a proportional
voltage to the input of the internal comparator. When this voltage reaches an internally set upper threshold, the internal switch is turned off. The
inductor current continues to flow through RS, L1, LEDs and diode D1, and back to the supply rail, but it decays, with the rate determined by the
forward voltage drop of LEDs and the diode D1.

This decaying current produces a falling voltage on RS, which is sensed by the AL8860. A voltage proportional to the sense voltage across RS will
be applied at the input of internal comparator. When this voltage falls to the internally set lower threshold, the internal switch is turned on again.

This switch-on-and-off cycle continues to provide the average LED current set by the sense resistor RS.

LED Current Configuration

The nominal average output current in the LED(s) is determined by the value of the external current sense resistor (R S) connected between VIN
and SET and is given by:

The table below gives values of nominal average output current for several preferred values of current setting resistor (R S) in the typical application
circuit shown on page 1.

RS (Ω) Nominal Average Output Current (mA)

0.066 1500
0.1 1000
0.13 760
0.15 667
0.3 333

The above values assume that the CTRL pin is floating and at a nominal reference voltage for internal comparator. It is possible to use different
values of RS if the CTRL pin is driven by an external dimming signal.

Analog Dimming

Apply a DC voltage from 0.3V to 2.5V on CTRL pin can adjust output current from 0 to 100% of IOUT_NOM linearly, as shown in Figure 1. If the CTRL
pin is brought higher than 2.5V, the LED current will be clamped to 100% of IOUT_NOM while if the CTRL voltage falls below the threshold of 0.3V,
the output switch will turn off.

PWM Dimming

LED current can be adjusted digitally, by applying a low frequency pulse-width-modulated (PWM) logic signal to the CTRL pin to turn the device on
and off. This will produce an average output current proportional to the duty cycle of the control signal. To achieve a high resolution the PWM
frequency is recommended to be lower than 500Hz, however higher dimming frequencies can be used, at the expense of dimming dynamic range
and accuracy. Typically, for a PWM frequency of 500Hz the accuracy is better than 1% for PWM ranging from 1% to 100%.

The accuracy of the low duty cycle dimming is affected by both the PWM frequency and also the switching frequency of the AL8860. For best
accuracy/resolution the switching frequency should be increased while the PWM frequency should be reduced.

The CTRL pin is designed to be driven by both 3.3V and 5V logic levels directly from a logic output with either an open drain output or push pull
output stage.
AL8860 11 of 17 February 2017
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 AL8860

Application Information (Cont.)

1600

1400

1200 Rs=0.067
Output Current(mA) Rs=0.1
1000 Rs=0.15
Rs=0.3
800

600

400

200

0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0
CTRL pin Voltage

Figure 1. Analog Dimming Curve

Soft Start

The default soft start time for the AL8860 is only 0.1ms – this provides very fast turn on of the output, improving PWM dimming accuracy.

Nevertheless, adding an external capacitor from the CTRL pin to ground will provide a longer soft-start delay. This is achieved by increasing the
time for the CTRL voltage rising to the turn-on threshold and by slowing down the rising rate of the control voltage at the input of hysteresis
comparator. The additional soft start time is related to the capacitance between CTRL and GND, the typical value will be 1.5ms/nF.

Capacitor Selection

A low ESR capacitor should be used for input decoupling, as the ESR of this capacitor appears in series with the supply source impedance and will
lower overall efficiency. This capacitor has to supply the relatively high peak current to the coil and smooth the ripple on the input current.

The minimum capacitance needed is determined by input power, cable‟s length and peak current. 4.7~10μF is a common used value for most of
cases. A higher value will improve performance at lower input voltages, especially when the source impedance is high. The input capacitor should
be placed as close as possible to the IC.

For maximum stability over temperature and voltage, capacitors with X7R, X5R, or better dielectric are recommended. Capacitors with Y5V
dielectric are not suitable for decoupling in this application and should NOT be used.

Diode Selection

For maximum efficiency and performance, the freewheeling diode (D1) should be a fast low capacitance Schottky diode with low reverse leakage
current. It also provides better efficiency than silicon diodes, due to lower forward voltage and reduced recovery time.

It is important to select parts with a peak current rating above the peak coil current and a continuous current rating higher than the maximum output
load current. It is very important to consider the reverse leakage current of the diode when operating above +85°C. Excess leakage current will
increase power dissipation.

The higher forward voltage and overshoot due to reverse recovery time in silicon diodes will increase the peak voltage on the SW output. If a silicon
diode is used, more care should be taken to ensure that the total voltage appearing on the SW pin including supply ripple, won‟t exceed the
specified maximum value.

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Document number: DS39014 Rev. 2 - 2 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
 AL8860

Application Information (Cont.)

Inductor Selection

Recommended inductor value for the AL8860 are in the range 33μH to 100μH. Higher inductance are recommended at higher supply voltages in
order to minimize output current tolerance due to switching delays, which will result in increased ripple and lower efficiency. Higher inductance also
results in a better line regulation. The inductor should be mounted as close to the device as possible with low resistance connections to SW pins.

The chosen coil should have saturation current higher than the peak output current and a continuous current rating above the required mean output
current.

The inductor value should be chosen to maintain operating duty cycle and switch „on‟/‟off‟ times within the specified limits over the supply voltage

and load current range. The following equations can be used as a guide.

SW Switch „On‟ time

SW Switch „Off‟ time

Where: L is the coil inductance; RL is the coil resistance; RS is the current sense resistance; ILED is the required LED current; ΔI is the coil peak-
peak ripple current (Internally set to 0.25 x ILED); VIN is the supply voltage; VLED is the total LED forward voltage; RSW is the switch resistance (0.3Ω
nominal); VD is the diode forward voltage at the required load current.

Thermal Protection

The AL8860 includes Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) circuitry that will turn off the device if its junction temperature reaches TOTP. This is to
protect the device from excessive heat damage. The OTP circuitry includes thermal hysteresis that will cause the device to restart normal operation
once its junction temperature has cooled down by approximately TOTP_HYS.

Thermal Fold-back

The AL8860 has thermal fold-back function: The IC has analog dimming function with a DC voltage from 0.3V to 2.5V on CTRL pin to adjust output
current from 0 to 100% of IOUT_NOM linearly. The CTRL pin allows the direct connection of an NTC to ground to sense ambient temperature. The IC
has internal constant current source of 1.5μA to charge CTRL pin. When the ambient temperature increases, the CTRL pin voltage decreases
which equals to 1.5μA x RNTC. When the CTRL pin voltage drops below 2.5V, the output current is decreased proportionally to the CTRL pin
voltage.

Open Circuit LEDs

The AL8860 has by default open LED protection. If the LEDs should become open circuit the AL8860 will stop oscillating; the SET pin will rise to
VIN and the SW pin will then fall to GND. No excessive voltages will be seen by the AL8860.

LED Chain Shorted Together

If the LED chain should become shorted together (the anode of the top LED becomes shorted to the cathode of the bottom LED) the AL8860 will
continue to switch and the current through the AL8860‟s internal switch will still be at the regulated current - so no excessive heat will be generated
within the AL8860. However, the duty cycle at which it operates will change dramatically and the switching frequency will most likely decrease. See
Figure 2 for an example of this behavior at 24V input voltage driving 3 LEDs.

The on-time of the internal power MOSFET switch is significantly reduced because almost all of the input voltage is now developed across the
inductor. The off-time is significantly increased because the reverse voltage across the inductor is now just the Schottky diode voltage (See Figure 2)
causing a much slower decay in inductor current.

AL8860 13 of 17 February 2017

Document number: DS39014 Rev. 2 - 2 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
 AL8860

Application Information (Cont.)

ILED
200mA/div

VSW
20V/div

VLED-
10V/div

Figure 2. Switching Characteristics (Normal Operation to LED Chain Shorted Out)

Ordering Information

AL8860 X - X

Product Name Package Packing

WT: TSOT25 7/13: Tape & Reel
MP: MSOP-8EP

Tape and Reel

Part Number Package Code Package
Quantity Part Number Suffix
AL8860WT-7 WT TSOT25 3000/Tape & Reel -7

AL8860MP-13 MP MSOP-8EP 2500/Tape & Reel -13

AL8860 14 of 17 February 2017

Document number: DS39014 Rev. 2 - 2 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
 AL8860

Marking Information

Device Package Identification Code

AL8860WT-7 TSOT25 A5
AL8860MP-13 MSOP-8EP -

Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm.)

(1) Package Type: TSOT25

D TSOT25
e1 01(4x) Dim Min Max Typ
A - 1.00 -
E1/2
A1 0.01 0.10 -
E/2 A2 0.84 0.90 -
b 0.30 0.45 -
E1 E c
c 0.12 0.20 -
Gauge Plane
D - - 2.90
0
Seating Plane E - - 2.80
L E1 - - 1.60
L2
e 0.95 BSC
e b 01(4x) e1 1.90 BSC
A2 L 0.30 0.50
L2 0.25 BSC
A1
A
θ 0° 8° 4°
θ1 4° 12° -
Seating Plane
All Dimensions in mm

AL8860 15 of 17 February 2017

Document number: DS39014 Rev. 2 - 2 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
 AL8860

Package Outline Dimensions (All dimensions in mm.) (Cont.)

(2) Package Type: MSOP-8EP

D
MSOP-8EP
Dim Min Max Typ
A - 1.10 -
A1 0.05 0.15 0.10
D1 4X A2 0.75 0.95 0.86
10
°
A3 0.29 0.49 0.39

0.25
x
E E2
b 0.22 0.38 0.30
Gauge Plane c 0.08 0.23 0.15
Seating Plane D 2.90 3.10 3.00
y
D1 1.60 2.00 1.80

a
E 4.70 5.10 4.90
4X
10 L
° E1 2.90 3.10 3.00
1 E2 1.30 1.70 1.50
e 8Xb
E3 Detail C E3 2.85 3.05 2.95
A1 e - - 0.65
A3
c L 0.40 0.80 0.60
A A2 a 0° 8° 4°
x - - 0.750
D E1 y - - 0.750
All Dimensions in mm
See Detail C

Suggested Pad Layout

(1) Package Type: TSOT25

C

Dimensions Value (in mm)

C 0.950
X 0.700
Y 1.000
Y1
Y1 3.199

(2) Package Type: MSOP-8EP

X C

Value
Dimensions
G Y (in mm)
C 0.650
G 0.450
X 0.450
X1 2.000
Y2 Y1 Y 1.350
X1 Y1 1.700
Y2 5.300

AL8860 16 of 17 February 2017

Document number: DS39014 Rev. 2 - 2 www.diodes.com © Diodes Incorporated
 AL8860

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Copyright © 2017, Diodes Incorporated

www.diodes.com

AL8860 17 of 17 February 2017

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