Windows File Sharing

Windows 7 and newer Windows computers offer two basic permission levels for sharing files:

 Read: recipients can open the file and view its contents but cannot change the file
without making a separate copy
 Read/Write: recipients can both view and also optionally change the file contents and
save (overwrite) the file at its current location

Windows 7 and newer additionally give the option to restrict sharing to specific people - either
a specific list of people (network account names) or a Windows homegroup - or to anyone on
the local network.

On all modern versions of Windows, so-called Advanced Sharing options also exist,
configurable under the Sharing tab of file/folder properties. Advanced Sharing supports three
permission types:

 Read: same as the basic Read permission above

 Change: same as the Read/Write permission above
 Full Control: allows setting an extra level of advanced permissions for systems running
the NT file system (NTFS), generally of interest only on legacy business networks
 CAT5 CAT6

Bandwidth It supports data transfers up to 100 It can go up to 10 Gbps in data transfer

Mbps in an Ethernet network. speeds in an Ethernet network.
Frequency It’s limited to 100MHz speed and It supports up to 250MHz frequencies
allows lengths up to 100 meters. with 10x the speed of Cat5.
Safety Cat5e is an enhanced version of the Cat6A is the augmented model of the
Margins Cat5 which adheres to the Cat6 which adheres to the much faster
1000BASE-T/TX standard. 10GBASE-T standard.
Backward It is not able to tackle crosstalk issues It significantly reduces crosstalk issues,
Compatibility due to its limitations. thanks to the protective shielding.

Future of Data Speed is not optimal for longer runs. Speeds are maintained at longer
Ideal for residential installations. distances.
Ideal for large scale industrial
installations.
It’s value noting that each Cat5 vs Cat6 cables make the most of the identical finish piece, i.e.
they will “plug in” to the identical ports. The variations between every of those cables are of
their capabilities, in addition to the strategies and supplies used to create them. The “finish”
that every one the cables have in widespread is named RJ-45, and it’s able to plugging into any
Ethernet jack on a pc, router, or one other comparable gadget. No person within the trade
expects this to vary anytime quickly.

Situation 1, making a backup with a Cat5 cable:

The computer is connected to the NAS with a Cat5 cable.

The bandwidth of a Cat5 cable is 100 Mbps.
10,000MB (byte) is 80,000 Mb (bit). 80,000 / 1000 = 800 seconds.
The time required for making a backup, with a total size of 10GB, will be 800 seconds
with a Cat5 cable.

Situation 2, making a backup with a Cat6 cable:

The computer is connected to the NAS with a Cat6 cable.
The bandwidth of a Cat6 cable is 1000 Mbps.
10,000MB (byte) is 80,000 Mb (bit). 80,000 / 1000 = 80 seconds.
The time required for making a backup, with a total size of 10GB, will be 80 seconds with
a Cat6 cable.
The "RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered jack," since it is a standardized networking interface.
The "45" simply refers to the number of the interface standard. Each RJ45 connector has eight
pins, which means an RJ45 cable contains eight separate wires. The industry calls this type of
connector 8P8C, shorthand for Eight Position, Eight Contact).

RJ45 connections are also known as data jacks.

If you look closely at the end of an Ethernet cable, you can actually see the eight wires, which
are each a different color. Four of them are solid colors, while the other four are striped.

RJ-45 conductor data cable contains 4 pairs of wires each consists of a solid colored wire and
a strip of the same color. There are two wiring standards for RJ-45 wiring: T-568A and T-
568B. Although there are 4 pairs of wires, 10BaseT/100BaseT Ethernet uses only 2
pairs: Orange and Green. The other two colors (blue and brown) may be used for a second
Ethernet line or for phone connections. The two wiring standards are used to create a cross-
over cable (T-568A on one end, and T-568B on the other end), or a straight-through cable (T-
568B or T-568A on both ends).
Numbering the pins
To avoid confusion, each one will be numbered. Take a look at a male RJ45 connector (female
is the one on laptops and network cards). Face the connector towards you, right side up. To
make sure you have it right side up, the locking mechanism should be on top. While directly
looking at the connector, count 1 to eight from left to right. Those are each pin’s numerical
name.

Now that we have named each pin, let’s look at what each does and the wire (color) associated
with it.

Pin 1
The first transmits data. It is also known as the positive transmit pin (there are two). It is
connected to the white with orange stripe wire (majority white).

Pin 2
The second is a negative transmit pin. It is connected to the solid orange wire. The orange wire
is also sometimes colored (majority) orange with a white stripe.

Pin 3
The third is the positive receive pin. It is connected to the majority white with green stripe wire.

Pin 4
Although not used, number 4 is still connected to the solid blue wire. The solid blue wire is
sometimes majority blue with a white stripe.

Pin 5
Again, this pin is not used. It is connected to the majority white with blue stripe wire.

Pin 6
The sixth is the negative receive pin. It is connected to the majority green with white stripe
wire, which sometimes is just solid green.

Pin 7
The second to the last is not used. It is connected to the majority white with brown stripe wire.
Pin 8
The last is also not used. It is connected to the majority brown with white stripe wire.
Sometimes the wire is solid brown in color.

To sum up, only 4 of the 8 pins are used. Pins 1 and 2 are transmit pins, and pins 3 and 6 are
receive pins. Pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 are connected but not used.