ADVANCE

MACHININH
PROCESSES
(MEE-377)

{Assignment}

Name-Nishant
Adm. No.- 16SCME101167
Batch-2
Submitted to- Dr. S.Kennedy
Q. Working principle of the following processes: -
1. Chemo-mechanical machining
Chemo-mechanical machining is basically used to polish the
silicon wafer. The reaction between
CHEMICAL + MECHANICAL = CHEMO-MECHANICAL
Principle-
 CMP uses both chemical and mechanical type or material
removal mechanisms
 Chemical reaction to soften material and then mechanically
polish off this layer.
 Mechanical removal takes place due to abrading.

Limitations-
 This process is used for only flat surfaces.
 CMP is not deterministic in nature.
 End point of CMP is a difficult to control for a desired thickness

2. Abrasive Flow Machine

AFM is a finishing process that removes a small quantity of
material. It uses semi-solid, abrasive laden putty through or
across a work piece. It extruded across edges or surfaces to
deburr, radius, polish, remove recast, perform mirror surface
machining. A hydraulic ram forces the abrasive medium through the
work piece. As abrasive medium flows through the part, its velocity
will change with the different cross – sectional areas. Due to its low
MRR, it is not suited for mass material removal. It is used for
finishing in metals, ceramics, and many plastics in uniform and
economical manner.
Advantages
–Debur, polish, and radius in one operation
–More repeatable than manual method
–Finish inaccessible area
–Batch production
–Faster than manual

Disadvantages
–Fixtures can be expensive
–High capital investment
–Can’t process blind holes.

3. Magnetic Abrasive Finishing

Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) is one of the non-conventional
finishing processes, which produces a high level of surface quality
and is primarily controlled by magnetic field. MAF is process in
which mixture of non-ferromagnetic abrasive and ferromagnetic iron
particle is taken and magnetically energized using a magnetic field.
The work piece is kept between the two poles (N&S POLE) of a
magnet. The working gap between the work piece and a magnet is
filled with magnetic abrasive particle (MAPs). MAPs can be used as
bonded or unbonded. The magnetic abrasive particles join each other
along lines of magnetic force and form a flexible magnetic abrasive
brush (FMAB). This brush behave like a multipoint cutting tool for
the finishing operation.
Advantages-
 Able to attain wide range of surface characteristics by careful
selection of
 magnetic particles
 Enhance surface characteristics such as wet ability or reducing
friction.
 Capability to accessing hard to reach areas.
 Capable of modifying roughness without altering form.
 Setup is independent of work piece material; it can efficiently
finish ceramics, stainless steel, brass, coated carbide and silicon.
 Due to the flexible magnetic abrasive brush, it can finish any
symmetric work piece shape, if electromagnet designed
accordingly.
 It possesses many attractive advantages such as self-adaptability
and controllability.
 The finishing tool requires neither compensation nor dressing
 The method can finish ferromagnetic materials but as well as
nonferromagnetic materials.

Disadvantages-
 It is difficult to implement Magnetic abrasive finishing in mass
production operation.
 Not applicable for some ordinary finishing task where
conventional finishing technique can be easily implemented.
 Time consuming process.
 The cost of process is high
Q. Comparison between the above processes

Sr. Chemo- Abrasive Magnetic Abrasive

No. Mechanical Flow Finishing
machining Machining
1. Used in polishing Used to remove Used to produce high
silicon wafer small quantity of level of surface quality
material
2. Used only for flat Used for all types Used for all types of
surfaces of surfaces surfaces
3. End point is difficult End point can be End point can be
to control for desired controlled controlled
thickness
4. Uses both chemical Uses semi-solid, Mixture of non-
and mechanical type abrasive laden ferromagnetic abrasive
or material removal putty through or and ferromagnetic iron
mechanisms across a work particle is taken and
piece magnetically energized
using a magnetic field.