LAMPIRAN A

PERHITUNGAN

1. Perhitungan Persen (%) Berat Air di Pasir Awal.

Wb = 20.0 gr = 0.02003 kg
Wc = 19.05 gr = 0.01905 kg
Wb − Wc
% Berat Air di Pasir Awal = x 100%
Wb
0.02003 kg − 0.01905 kg
% Berat Air di Pasir Awal = x 100%
0.01905 kg
% Berat Air di Pasir Awal = 4.89%

2. Penentuan Kecepatan Pengeringan Berdasarkan Data Percobaan.

Run 1 (Air Flow Pada Skala 5 Dan Temperatur Pada Skala 6)
% Berat Air Di Pasir Mula-Mula : 4.89%
Pasir Basah Masuk Tray (Wm) : 0.85965 kg
Pasir Kering (Ls) Tray : 0.8179 kg
Luas Tray (A) : 0.0517 m2

Waktu, Δθ : 0.16667 Jam

Berat Tray, Wt : 0.34158 kg

 Δt = 10 menit = 0.16667 Jam

 LS = (100% - % berat air mula-mula) x Wm
= (100% - 4.89%) x 0.85965kg
= 0.8179 kg Padatan
 Kadar air:
berat pasir basah − berat pasir kering
X =
berat pasir basah
0.85965 − 0.8179
𝑋1 =
0.85965
𝑋1 = 0.04892 kg air / kg padatan

0.8499 − 0.8179 (kg air)

𝑋2 =
0.8499 (kg padatan)
𝑋2 = 0.038 kg air / kg padatan
 Maka :
ΔX =(0.038 – 0.0489)kg air/kg padatan
= -0.01087 kg air/kg padatan
 Laju Pengeringan (N):
−Ls ΔX
N=
A Δθ
−(0.8179 kg padatan) × (−0.01087 kg air/kg padatan)
N=
(0.0517 m2 × 0,16667 jam)
N = 1.0318 kg air /m2·jam
Cara perhitungan untuk data selanjutnyaadalah sama seperti diatas.

3. Perhitungan Laju Pengeringan pada Periode Laju Pengeringan Konstan

(Nc) teoritis.
Run 1 (Air Flow Pada Skala 5 Dan Temperatur Pada Skala 6)
Diketahui:
v = 1.15 m/s
L = 0.0274
Tg = 54°C
Tw = 30°C
Tg+Tw 50+30
Tf= = = 42°C
2 2

ρg = 1.1227 kg/m3 (Interpolasi App A.3-3 Geankoplis)

λw = 2574.3 x 103 J/kg (App A.2-9 Geankoplis)
A = 0.05178 m2
A1 = 0.0485 m2 ( luas penampang drier di ujung)
A2 = 0.07423 m2 ( luas penampang drier di tengah)
µ = 1.9196 x 10-5 kg/m·s (Interpolasi App A.3-3 Geankoplis)
Pr = 0.7045 (Interpolasi App A.3-3 Geankoplis)
k = 0.595 W/m·K (Interpolasi App A.3-3 Geankoplis)
N percobaan = 2.2875 kg air/m2·jam
ρ.v.L 1.1275 x 1.15 x 0.0274
 NRe= = = 1130.8854
µ 1.9196 x 10−5

NRe= 1130.8854 (Nre < 300,000)  aliran laminar

 Karena aliran laminar. maka persamaan yang digunakan :

 Nu = 0.664 Re1/2 Pr1/3

Nu = 0.664 (1130.8854)0.5(0.7045)1/3= 19.8692

𝑁𝑢 × 𝑘 (19.8692)(0.595)
 ℎ= = = 43.1466 W/m·K
𝐿 (0.274)

 q1 = h. A. ∆T
= (43.1466) W/m·K (0.050416) m2 (327K – 303K)
= 53.544 W
1 1
 U=1 ∆x= 1 0.01 = 25.0103 W/m·K
+ +
h k 43.1466 0.595

 q2 = U. A. ∆T
= (25.0103) (0.05178) (327K – 303K)
= 31.037 W
q total = q1+q2 = 53.544 + 31.037 = 84.582 J/s
𝑞 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 84.582
m = = = 3.286 x 10-5 kg/s
λw 2574.3x 103

𝑚 3.286 × 10−5
N = 3600 = 3600 = 2.2875 kg air/m2·jam
A 0.05178

4. Perbandingan Laju Pengeringan pada Periode Laju Pengeringan

Konstan (NC) Teoritis dan Laju Pengeringan pada Periode Laju
Pengeringan Konstan (NC) Percobaan
Run 1 (Air Flow Pada Skala 5 Dan Temperatur Pada Skala 6)
Nc Teoritis−Nc Perocbaan 1.0318 – 2.2875
% Error = x 100% = x100 %
Nc Teoritis 1.0318

= − 1.213 %
 DATA EXCEL

Tabel A.1 Data Perhitungan Percobaan 1 dengan Variasi Flow : 5 dan Temperatur : 5
Massa pasir+ Kadar Air Pasir Laju Pengeringan
Waktu Pasir Basah Delta X
Tray X Kering (LS) N
(menit) (kg) (kg) % % (kg) (Kg air/(m2.jam)
0 1,20123 0,85965 0,04892661 0 0,81759024 0
10 1,19973 0,84993 0,03804991 -0,0108767 0,81759024 1,031873023
20 1,18924 0,83944 0,02602897 -0,0120209 0,81759024 1,140426996
30 1,1814 0,8316 0,01684675 -0,0091822 0,81759024 0,871117507
40 1,1763 0,8265 0,01078011 -0,0060666 0,81759024 0,575542843
50 1,17422 0,82442 0,00828432 -0,0024958 0,81759024 0,236775508
60 1,17057 0,82077 0,00387412 -0,0044102 0,81759024 0,418396161
70 1,16885 0,81905 0,00178226 -0,0020919 0,81759024 0,198454695
80 1,16789 0,81809 0,00061089 -0,0011714 0,81759024 0,11112827
90 1,16777 0,81797 0,00046427 -0,0001466 0,81759024 0,013909375
100 1,16769 0,81789 0,0003665 -9,777E-05 0,81759024 0,009275184

µ Npr λw H
Nre NNU
Kg/m.s J/Kg W/m2.K
1,862014388 0,707532374 2554500 0 0 0
1,919640288 0,704546763 2574300 1130,885375 19,86921219 43,14664691
1,919640288 0,704546763 2577860 1141,356536 19,96098733 43,34593965
1,919640288 0,704546763 2577860 1120,414215 19,77701117 42,94642938
1,924316547 0,704438849 2579640 1145,568368 19,99676236 43,42362629
1,921978417 0,704492806 2578750 1148,694225 20,02453711 43,48394008
 1,926654676 0,704384892 2580530 1173,607827 20,23949112 43,95071976
1,933669065 0,704223022 2583200 1194,948197 20,42111062 44,34511249
1,928992806 0,704330935 2581420 1222,200432 20,65371677 44,85022436
1,931330935 0,704276978 2582310 1249,859827 20,88558118 45,35372555
1,933669065 0,704223022 2583200 1256,755862 20,94258461 45,47751037

q1 U q2 q total m NC
(Kg Error
W W/m2.K W W Kg/s
air/(m2.jam)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
53,54464365 25,01032005 31,0376071 84,58225075 3,286E-05 2,287519693 -1,216861612
53,79196433 25,07715344 31,1205468 84,91251113 3,294E-05 2,293280179 -1,010896083
53,29617528 24,94291469 30,95395758 84,25013287 3,268E-05 2,275390955 -1,612036764
49,3976751 25,10313577 28,55672477 77,95439987 3,022E-05 2,103905799 -2,65551553
47,21781905 25,12328071 27,28056657 74,49838562 2,889E-05 2,0113256 -7,494652227
61,36030307 25,2783918 35,29156724 96,65187031 3,745E-05 2,607630852 -5,232444497
59,61792399 25,40836184 34,15920492 93,77712891 3,630E-05 2,527456332 -11,73568424
64,93523124 25,57338392 37,025759 101,9609902 3,950E-05 2,749920476 -23,7454628
58,62876101 25,73629746 33,26931172 91,89807274 3,559E-05 2,477666148 -177,1292261
61,14032877 25,77611012 34,65360865 95,79393742 3,708E-05 2,581812821 -277,3570468
 Tabel A.2 Data Perhitungan Percobaan 2 dengan Variasi Flow : 5 dan Temperatur : 7

Massa pasir+ Pasir Kadar Air Pasir Kering

Waktu Delta X Laju Pengeringan N
Tray Basah X (LS)
(menit) (kg) (kg) % % (kg) (Kg air/(m2.jam)
0 1,24733 0,89746 0,08012705 0 0,825549176 0
10 1,23957 0,8897 0,07210388 -0,0080232 0,825549176 0,768568091
20 1,2309 0,88103 0,06297268 -0,0091312 0,825549176 0,874710078
30 1,22366 0,87379 0,05520872 -0,007764 0,825549176 0,743738253
40 1,21831 0,86844 0,04938836 -0,0058204 0,825549176 0,557553072
50 1,21433 0,86446 0,04501171 -0,0043766 0,825549176 0,41925444
60 1,21178 0,86191 0,04218633 -0,0028254 0,825549176 0,270652896
70 1,20939 0,85952 0,03952302 -0,0026633 0,825549176 0,255128699
80 1,20826 0,85839 0,03825863 -0,0012644 0,825549176 0,121120353
90 1,20772 0,85785 0,03765323 -0,0006054 0,825549176 0,0579932
100 1,20726 0,85739 0,03713692 -0,0005163 0,825549176 0,049459234

Flow Air Flow Air

Tw Tg Tf ∆X ρ
(V1) (V2)
(m/s) (m/s) C C C m Kg/m3
0 0 28 30 29 0,01 1,171503597
1,08 0,6912 30 54 42 0,01 1,122798561
1,09 0,6976 30 54 42 0,01 1,122798561
1,07 0,6848 30 54 42 0,01 1,122798561
1,1 0,704 32 54 43 0,01 1,119417266
1,1 0,704 32 53 42,5 0,01 1,121107914
 1,13 0,7232 30 57 43,5 0,01 1,117726619
1,16 0,7424 32 58 45 0,01 1,112654676
1,18 0,7552 30 58 44 0,01 1,116035971
1,21 0,7744 32 57 44,5 0,01 1,114345324
1,22 0,7808 32 58 45 0,01 1,112654676

µ Npr λw H
Nre NNU
Kg/m.s J/Kg W/m2.K
1,862014388 0,707532374 2554500 0 0 0
1,919640288 0,704546763 2574300 1107,736035 19,66479828 42,70275539
1,919640288 0,704546763 2577860 1117,99285 19,75562924 42,8999978
1,919640288 0,704546763 2577860 1097,47922 19,57354582 42,50459768
1,924316547 0,704438849 2579640 1122,118465 19,79103621 42,97688521
1,921978417 0,704492806 2578750 1125,180336 19,81852522 43,03657849
1,926654676 0,704384892 2580530 1149,583954 20,03126778 43,49855596
1,933669065 0,704223022 2583200 1170,487484 20,21101879 43,88889118
1,928992806 0,704330935 2581420 1197,181863 20,44123189 44,38880648
1,931330935 0,704276978 2582310 1224,275068 20,67071089 44,88712766
1,933669065 0,704223022 2583200 1231,02994 20,72712787 45,00963899

q1 U q2 q total m NC
(Kg Error
W W/m2.K W W Kg/s
air/(m2.jam)
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3,257021,E-
52,99377781 24,86052295 30,85171009 83,84548791 2,267594005 -1,950413934
05
 3,265230,E-
53,23855407 24,92724535 30,93451206 84,17306614 2,27330957 -1,598929208
05
3,239744,E-
52,74786569 24,79323108 30,76820143 83,51606712 2,255565626 -2,032741179
05
2,995597,E-
48,88947316 24,95318495 28,38614432 77,27561749 2,085586189 -2,740605679
05
2,863781,E-
46,73204341 24,97329692 27,11770398 73,8497474 1,993813507 -3,755616912
05
3,712836,E-
60,72902995 25,12815889 35,08182468 95,81085462 2,584940568 -8,550758943
05
3,598697,E-
59,00457641 25,2579266 33,95695859 92,961535 2,505474661 -8,820434423
05
3,915472,E-
64,26717935 25,42270024 36,80759555 101,0747749 2,726018965 -21,50669603
05
3,527842,E-
58,02558992 25,58537777 33,07421784 91,09980776 2,456144107 -41,35227748
05
3,676136,E-
60,51131873 25,62513416 34,45063536 94,96195409 2,559389426 -50,74745423
05
 Grafik Kadar Air Vs LAju alir
1.2

1
Laju Pengeringan (N)
0.8

0.6

0.4 Series1

0.2

0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
Kadar Air (X)

Gambar A1. Grafik Kadar Air (X) Vs Laju Alir Pengeringan (N) pada Percobaan 1

2.5

1.5 N percobaan
N teoritis
1

0.5

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Gambar A2. N Percobaan Vs N Teoritis pada Percobaan 1

 Chart Title
0.9
0.8
Laju Pengeringan (N) 0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3 Series1
0.2
0.1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Kadar Air (X)

Gambar A3. Grafik Kadar Air (X) Vs Laju Alir Pengeringan (N) pada Percobaan 2

2.5

1.5 N Percobaan
N Teoritis
1

0.5

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Gambar A4. N Percobaan Vs N Teoritis pada Percobaan 2

 LAMPIRAN B
DOKUMENTASI

Gambar B1. Pencampuran bahan Gambar B2. Pengukuran jumlah

(pasir + air). campuran bahan.

Gambar B.3 Pasir basah + Tray Gambar B.4 Pengukuran Suhu

Tg dan Tw menggunakan
Psychrometer
Gambar B.5 Pengukuran Laju Gambar B.6 Pengukuran berat
Alir Udara menggunakan sampel pasir + Cawan Penguap
Anemometer