MATERI EDUKASI

DIIT DAN NUTRISI

RUMAH SAKIT UMUM

U MUM ISLAM HARAPA
HARA PAN
N ANDA
Jln Ababil No 42 Telp ( 0283 ) 358244 KOTA TEGAL
1. DM tanpa komplikasi.

 A. Pengertian 
!iabete" #elit$" a%ala& '$#p$lan geala g ti#b$l pa%a
"e"eorang ang #engala#i pening'atan 'a%ar g$la %ara& a'ibat
'e'$rangan &or#on in"$lin "e*ara ab"ol$t ata$ relati+.
,. T$$an %iet 
-e#bant$ pa"ien $nt$' #e#perbai'i 'ebia"aan #a'an %an
ola& raga $nt$' #en%apat'an 'ontrol #etaboli' ang lebi& bai'
%engan *ara 
. -en*apai %an #e#perta&an'an 'a%ar lipi%a "er$# nor#al.
2. -e#beri *$'$p energi $nt$' #e#perta&an'an ata$ #en*apai
berat ba%an nor#al.
3. -ening'at'an %eraat 'e"e&atan "e*ara 'e"el$r$&an #elal$i gi/i
ang opti#al.
. ,a&an #a'anan ang %ian$r'an
. Na"i1 roti1 #ie1 'entang1 "ing'ong1 $bi %an "ag$.
2. $#ber protein ren%a& le#a' i'an1 aa# tanpa '$lit1 "$"$ 'ri# 1
te#pe1 ta&$ %an 'a*ang  'a*angan.
3. $#ber le#a' %ala# $#la& terbata"1 ait$ bent$' #a'anan
ang #$%a& %i*erna1 ter$ta#a %ipanggang1 %i'$'$"1 %ireb$"1
%iba'ar %an %i"t$p.
!. ,a&an #a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an (%ibata"i  %i&in%ari )
. -engan%$ng bana' g$la "e%er&ana "eperti  g$la pa"ir1 g$la aa
2. ir$p1 a#1 eli1 b$a& 6 b$a&an ang %iaet'an %engan g$la1 "$"$
'ental #ani"1 #in$#an botol ringan %an e" 'ri#.
3. K$e 6 '$e #ani"1 %o%ol1 *a'e1 tar*i"1
4. -engan%$ng bana' le#a' "eperti i'an a"in1 tel$r a"in1 #a'anan
ang %iaet'an.

2. DM dengan Ne!opati.

 A. Ga#baran $#$#

!iabete" #elit$" i'a ti%a' %itangani %engan bai' %apat
#enga'ibat'an ti#b$lna berbagai organ t$b$&1%iantarana ginal1
#ani+e"ta"i lan$t %ari ginal pa%a %iabete" #elit$" a%ala& Ne+ropati
%iabete".

,. T$$an %iet
7nt$' #en*apai %an #e#perta&an'an "tat$" gi/i opti#al "erta
#eng&a#bat la$ 'er$"a'an ginal1 %engan *ara 
. -engen%ali'an 'a%ar g$la %ara& %an te'anan %ara&.
2. -en*ega& #en$r$nna +$ng"i ginal.

. ,a&an #a'anan ang %ian$r'an

. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat 
2. ,era"1 $bi1 "ing'ong1 'entang1 roti taar1 tep$ng terig$1 "ag$ %an
 tep$ng "ing'ong.
3. $#ber protein &eani.
4. !aging "api1 aa# 1i'an1 tel$r1 "$"$ %an &a"il ola&anna.
5. $#ber protein nabati
9. Ti%a' a%a
:. a$ran ;en%a& 'ali$# "eperti 'ai1 'ang'$ng1 *a"i# 1ortel
%an terong
8. ,$a& 6 b$a&an1 ren%a& 'ali$# 1"eperti a#b$1 'e%on%ong1
#angga1 #ar'i"a1 #elon1 "ala'1 "ao.
<. -in$#an

!. ,a&an #a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an

. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat.
Tinggi natri$# "eperti *a'e1 bi"'$it %an 're'er".
2. $#ber protein &eani
!aging %an i'an ang %iaet'an 1"eperti i'an a"in 1 %en%eng1
"ar%en %an *ornet bee+.
3. $#ber protein nabati.
e#$a eni" 'a*ang 6 'a*angan %an &a"ilna ang #er$pa'an
"$#ber protein bernilai biologi ren%a&.
4. a$ran.
Tinggi 'ali$# "eperti 1to#at1 'ol1 baa#1 bit1 %a$n baang1 ta$ge1
'a*ang &ia$ 1 'a*ang b$n*i"1 'e#bang 'ol1al$& %an reb$ng.
5. ,$a& b$a&an
Tinggi 'ali$# "eperti angg$r1 arbei1bli#bing1 %$'$ 1 a#b$ bii1 er$' 1
pepaa %an pi"ang.
9. -in$#an ang ber"o%a %an beral'o&ol

". DISLIPIDEMIA

 A. Ga#baran $#$#

Kelainana #etaboli"#e lipi% ang %itan%ai %engan pening'atan
ata$ pen$r$nan +ra'"i lipi% %ala# pla"#a.

,. T$$an %iet
.-en$r$n'an berat ba%a bila 'ege#$'an.
2.-eng$ba& eni" %an a"$pan le#a' #a'anan.
3.-en$n'an a"$pan 'ole"terol #a'anan

. -a'anan ang %ian$r'an .

. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat  na"i1 pa"ta 1 #a'aroni1 roti tinggi "erat1
$bi1
'entang1 '$e b$atan "en%iri .
 2. $#ber protein &eani  i'an 1 $ngga" tanpa '$lit1 %aging
'$'$"1
p$ti& tel$r1 "$"$ "'i#1 og&$rt ren%a& le#a' %an 'e$ ren%a& le#a'.
3. $#ber protein nabati  te#pe1 ta&$ %an 'a*ang 6 'a*angan.
4. a$ran  "e#$a "a$r %ala# bent$' "egar %ireb$"1 %i'$'$"1
%i"et$p1 %it$#i" #engg$na'an #ina' ag$ng 1#ina' 'e%elai ata$
#argarin tanpa gara# ang %ib$at %ari #ina' %engan "antan
en*er.
5. ,$a&
e#$a b$a& %ala# 'ea%aan "egar ata$ bent$' $".

!. -a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an 

.$#ber 'arbo&i%rat
2.Pro%$' #a'anan a%i  *a'e1 pie1 *roi"an1 're'er" berle#a'1 %an '$e
berle#a' 6 le#a' lain.
3.$#ber protein &eani  %aging ge#$'1 %aging 'a#bing1 %aging
babi1 eroan 1 ota'1 "o"i"1 "ar%in1 '$ning tel$r (bata"i &ingga 3 b$tir 
#ingg$ )1"$"$ &ole1 'ental #ani"1 'ri#1 og$rt %ari "$"$ pen$& 'e$
%an e" 'ri#.
4.$#ber protein nabati
5.!i#a"a' %engan "antan %an %igoreng .
9.a$ran "a$ran ang %i#a"a' %engan #entega 1#ina' 'elapa ata$
#ina' 'elapa "ait .

#. $ANTUN%
 A. Ga#baran $#$#
Pena'it ant$ng tera%i a'ibat pro"e"ber'elan$tan 1%i#ana
 ant$ng "e*ara berang"$r 'e&ilangan 'e#a#p$anna $nt$'
#ela'$'an +$ng"i "e*ara nor#al.pa%a aal pena'it 1ant$ng #a#p$
#eng'o#pen"a"i 'eti%a'e+i"ienan +$ng"ina %an #e#perta&an'an
"ir'$la"i %ara& nor#al #elal$i pe#be"aran %an #e#pertan'an
"ir'$la"i %ara& nor#al #elal$i pe#be"aran %an pening'atan %en$t
na%i.

,. T$$an %iet
.-e#beri'an #a'anan "e*$'$pna tanpa #e#berat'an 'era
 ant$ng.
2.-en$r$n'an berat ba%an bila terlal$ ge#$'.

. -a'anan ang %ian$r'an

. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat.
2. ,era" %iti# ata$ %i"aring1 roti1 #i1 'entang 1 #a'aroni1bi"'$it 1
tep$ng bera"1 terig$ 1
3. $#ber protein &eani
 4. !aging "api 1 aa# %engan le#a' ren%a&1 i'an tel$r1"$"$
ren%a& le#a' %ala# $#la& ang tela& %itent$'an.
5. $#ber protein nabati
9. Ka*ang 6 'a*angan 'ering "eperti 'a*ang 'e%elai %an &a"il
ola&anna "eperti ta&$ %an te#pe.
:. a$ran  "eperti baa# 1 'ang'$ng1 'a*ang b$n*i"1 'a*ang
panang 1 ortel1to#at1 lab$ "ia#.
8. b$a&  b$a&an  pi"ang 1 pepaa 1 er$'1 apel1 #elon1
"e#ang'a1 %an "ao.
<. Le#a'
0. -ina' ag$ng1 #ina' 'e%elai1 #argarin1 #entega %ala#
 $#la& terbata" %an ti%a' $nt$' #enggoreng tetapi $nt$'
#en$#i"1 'elapa ata$ "antan en*er %ala# $#la& terbata".
. -in$#an
2. Te& en*er1 *o'lat1 "ir$p

!. -a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an.

. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat 
2. -a'anan ang #engan%$ng ga" ata$ al'o&ol1"eperti $bi1
"ing'ong 1 tape1
3. $#ber protein &eani.
4. !aging "api %an aa# ang berle#a'1 gai&1 "o"i"1 &a# &ati1
li#+a 1 babat1 ota' 1 'epiting %an 'erang 6 'erangan1 'e$ %an "$"$
pen$&.
5. $#ber protein nabati
9. Ka*ang 6 'a*angan "eperi 'a*ang #ente 'a*ang tana& %an
'a*ang bogor.
:. "a$ran "eperti 'ol1 'e#bang 'ol1 loba'1 "ai %an nang'a
#$%a.
8. ,$a& b$a&an "eperti %$rian 1 nang'a #atang.
<. -ina' 'elapa1 #ina' 'elapa "ait %an "antan 'ental.

&. Sind!om ne!otik

 A. Ga#baran $#$#.
 A%ala& '$#p$lan #ani=e"ta"i pena'it ang %itan%ai ole&
'eti%a'#a#p$an ginal $nt$' #e#li&ara 'e"ei#bangan nitrogen
"ebagai a'ibat #ening'atna per#eabelita" #e#brane 'apiler 
glo#er$l$".'e&ilangan protein #elal$i $rin ang %itan%ai ole& protein
$rin #a""i+ (> 315 gr protein  24 a# )1 #enebab'an &ipoalb$#in
ang %ii'$ti ole& e%e#a1 &iperten"i1 &iperlipi%e#ia anore'"ia %an ra"a
le#a&.
,. T$$an %iet 
.-eng$rangi e%e#a
2.-engontrol &iperten"i.
3.-engata"i anore'"ia.
. -a'an ang %ian$r'an 
.$#ber 'arbo&i%rat  na"i1 bi&$n1 ag$ng1'entang1 #a*aroni1#ie1
tep$ng 6 tep$ngan1 "ing'ong1 $bi1 "elai1 #a%$1 per#en.
 2.$#ber proteintel$r1 %aging1 i'an 1aa#1 "$"$.
3.$#ber le#a'  #ina' ag$ng1 #ina' 'a*ang tana&1 #ina' 'elapa
"ait 1#ina' 'e%elai1 #argarine1 #entega ren%a& gara#.
4.$#ber =ita#in %an #ineral  "e#$a "a$ran %an b$a& .

!. -a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an 

.$#ber 'arbo&i%rat  ti%a' a%a
2.$#ber protein  'a*ang  'a*angan %an &a"il ola&anna "eperti
te#pe ta&$.
3.$#ber le#a'  'elapa1 "antan 1 #ina' 'elapa #argarine1 #entega

'. %agal gin(al dengan dialisis.

 A. Ga#baran $#$#
!iali"i" %ila'$'an ter&a%ap pa"ien %engan pen$r$nan +$ng"i ginal
berat1%i#ana ginal ti%a' #a#p$ lagi #engel$ar'an pro%$' 6 pro%$'
"i"a #etaboli"#1#e#perta&an'an 'e"ei#bangan *airan %an
ele'trolit1"erta #e#pro%$'"i &or#one 6 &or#one.

,. T$$an %iet
. -en*ega& %e+i"ien"i gi/i "erta #e#perta&an'an %an #e#perbai'i
"tat$" gi/i1agar pa"ien %apat #ela'$'an a'ti+ita" nor#al
2. -enaga 'e"ei#bangan *airan %an ele'trolit.
). -a'an ang %ian$r'an  *
. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat  na"i1 bi&$n1 ag$ng1'entang1 #a*aroni1#ie1
tep$ng 6 tep$ngan 1 "ing'ong1 $bi1 "elai 1 #a%$1 per#en.
2. $#ber proteintel$r1 %aging1 i'an 1aa#1 "$"$.
3. $#ber le#a'  #ina' ag$ng1 #i#a' 'a*ang tana&1 #ina'
'elapa "ait #ina' 'e%elai1 #argarine1 #entega ren%a& gara#.
4. $#ber =ita#in %an #ineral  "e#$a "a$ran %an b$a& 'e*$ali
pa"ien %engan &iper'ale#ia %ian$r'an ang #engan%$ng 'ali$#
ren%a& "e%ang.
!. -a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an 
. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat  ti%a' a%a
2. $#ber protein  'a*ang 6 'a*angan %an &a"il ola&anna "eperti
te#pe ta&$.
3. $#ber le#a'  'elapa1 "antan 1 #ina' 'elapa #argarine1

+. %o,t a!t!itis
  A. Ga#baran $#$#
Go$t a%ala& "ala& "at$ pena'it artriti" ang %i"ebab'an ole&
#etaboli"#e abnor#al p$rin ang %itan%ai %engan #ening'atna
'a%ar a"a# $rat %ala# %ara&.

,. T$$an %iet
7nt$'#en*apai %an #e#perta&an'an "tat$" gi/i opti#al "erta

. ,a&an #a'anan ang %ian$r'an  %aging1 i'an ata$ $ngga" ata$

%aging "api %an i'an 1aa# 1$%ang 'a*ang 'ering %an &a"il ola&an
1"eperti ta&$1 te#pe1 a"parag$"1 baa# %a$n "ing'ong1 'ang'$ng1
%a$n %an bii #lino1 Na"i1 $bi1 "ing'ong1 ag$ng1roti1 #ie bi&$n1 tep$ng
bera" 1 *a'e

!. ,a&an #a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an

Ota'1 ant$ng 1 &ati 1 ginal1 eroan1 e'"tra' %aging  'al%$ 1bebe'1 i'an
"ar%en1#a'arel1'erang.

-. Penakit gagal gin(al.

 A. Ga#baran $#$#

 A%ala& 'ea%aan %i#ana tera%i pen$r$nan +$ng"i ginal ang *$'$p
berat "e*ara perla&an 6 la&an ( #ena&$n ) %i"ebab'an ole& berbagai
pena'it ginal.

,. T$$an %iet
.-en*ega& %an#en$r$n'an 'a%ar $re$# %ara& ang tinggi.
2.-engat$r 'e"ei#bangan *airan %an ele'trolit

. ,a&an #a'an ang %ian$r'an

.$#ber 'arbo&i%rat
2.Na"i1 bi&$n1 ag$ng1 'entang1 #a'aroni1 #ie 1 tep$ng 6tep$ngan1
"ing'ong1 $bi1 "elai1 #a%$1 per#en.
3.$#ber protein
4.Tel$r1 %aging1 i'an1 aa#1 "$"$.
5.$#ber le#a'
9.-ina' ag$ng1 #ina' 'a*ang tana&1 #ina' 'elapa "ait 1 #ina'
'e%elai1 #argarin %an #entega ren%a& gara# .
:.$#ber =ita#in %an #ineral .
8.e#$a "a$ran %an b$a&

!. ,a&an #a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an %ibata"i

. $#ber 'arbo&i%rat
2. $#ber protein
3. Ka*ang 6 'a*angan %an &a"il ola&anna "eperti te#pe ta&$.
a. $#ber le#a'
 'elapa 1"antan1 #ina' 'elapa1 #argarin1 #entega bia"a %an
le#a' &ean.
b. $#ber =ita#in %an #ineral.

/. Diet 0ati

 A. Ga#baran $#$#

?ati #er$pa'an "ala& 6"at$ alat t$b$& penting ang "angat berperan
%ala# #etaboli"#e 'arbo&i%rat1 le#a' %an protein.

,. T$$an %iet.
.-ening'at'an regenera"i aringan &ati %an #en*ega& 'er$"a'an lebi&
lan$t1 %anata$ #ening'at'an +$ng"i aringan &ati ang ter"i"a.
2.-en*ega& 'ataboli"#e protein.
3.-en*ega& pen$r$nan berat ba%an ata$ #ening'at'an berat ba%an
bila '$rang.
4.-en*ega& ata$ #eng$rangi a"ite"1=ari"e" e"o+ag$"1%an &iperten"i
+ortal.
5.-en*ega& 'o#a &epati'.

. ,a&an #a'anan ang %ibata"i

$#ber le#a'1#a'anan %an %aging ang bana' #engan%$ng le#a'
%an "antan1 "erta ba&an #a'anan ang #engan%$ng ga"1 $bi1 'a*ang
#era&1 'ol1"ai1 loba'1'eti#$n1%$rian %an nang'a.

D. ,a&an #a'anan ang ti%a' %ian$r'an  * -a'anan ang

#engan%$ng al'o&ol1 te& ata$ 'opi 'ental.

1.TKTP  Tinggi Kalo!i Tinggi P!otein 3

 A. Ga#baran $#$# 

!iet ang #engan%$ng enrgi %an protein %iata" 'eb$t$&an nor#al

,. T$$an !iet
. -e#en$&i 'eb$t$&an enrgi %an protein ang #ening'at $nt$'
#en*ega& %an #eng$rangi 'er$"a'an aringan t$b$&.
2. -ena#ba& beratba%an &ingga #en*apai berat ba%an nor#al.

). ,a&an #a'anan ang %ian$r'an  *

. Na"i1 roti 1 #ie
2. %aging "api 1 aa# 1i'an 1 tel$r1
3. "e#$a eni" 'a*ang 6 'a*angan1
4. "e#$a eni" b$a& "egar