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Development: Mark A. Johnson
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Vice President and Technical Director, Education ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This publication is a copyrighted work owned by the International Code
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The information contained in this document is believed to be accurate; however, it is being
provided for informational purposes only and is intended for use only as a guide. Publication of
this document by the ICC should not be construed as the ICC engaging in or rendering
engineering, legal or other professional services. Use of the information contained in this book
should not be considered by the user to be a substitute for the advice of a registered
professional engineer, attorney or other professional. If such advice is required, it should be
sought through the services of a registered professional engineer, licensed attorney or other
professional.
Trademarks: “International Code Council” and the International Code Council logo are
trademarks of International Code Council, Inc.
Errata on various ICC publications may be available at www.iccsafe.org/errata.
First Printing: May 2014
PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.
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PART 1 ■ 403.4.1
Oils and Greases (FOG) Disposal System 13 Deck-Mounted Bath/Shower Transfer Valves 27
■ Table 308.5 ■ 501.3
Required Public Toilet Facilities Exception 17 Water Heater Pan Drain Line 30
iii
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■ 601.5 ■ 802.3
Rehabilitation of Piping Systems Waste Receptors, Hub Drains and Standpipes 60
by Internal Lining 32
■ 903.1, 903.2
■ 605.2.1 Vent Terminations to Outdoors 62
Lead Content of Components Conveying
■ 1002.1
Drinking Water 33
Exception for Traps for Parking Garage
■ Tables 605.3 and 605.4, Section 605.16 Floor Drains 64
CPVC/AL/CPVC Water Service and Water
■ 1002.4, 1002.4.1
Distribution Piping 35
Trap Seal Protection against Evaporation 65
■ Tables 605.3, 702.2, 702.3, 702.4,
■ 1003.3.6
1102.4, 1102.5
Gravity Grease Interceptors 67
Asbestos Cement Pipe 36
■ 1003.3.7
■ Table 605.5, Sections 605.14.3, 605.14.5,
Direct Connection of Grease Interceptor
605.18.3, 605.22.2, 605.23.3
Discharge 68
Groove and Shouldered Mechanical Joints
and Press-Connect Fittings 37 ■ 1003.4
■
Oil Separator Required 69
605.7, Table 605.7
Valve Compliance to Standards 39 ■ 1003.6
■ 607.2.1
Clothes Washer Discharge Interceptor 70
Hot Water Temperature Maintenance ■ 1003.9
System Controls 41 Venting of Interceptors and Separators 71
■ 607.3 ■ 1105.2, 1106.2
Hot Water Thermal Expansion Sizing of Roof Drains, Vertical and Horizontal
Pressure Control 43 Storm Drain Piping 72
■ 608.8, 608.8.1, 608.8.2 ■ 1106.3, 1106.6
Identification of Nonpotable Water 45 Sizing of Gutters and Leaders 75
■ 702.5
Temperature Rating of Drainage Piping 47
PART 2
■ 703.6 International Mechanical Code
Connection to Combined Sanitary Chapters 1 through 15 77
and Storm Public Sewer 48
■ 304.11
■ 705.11.2
Fall-Arresting Restraint Systems 80
Exception for Solvent Cementing PVC
■ 306.1
Piping 4 Inches and Smaller 49
Access 82
■ 708
■ 307.2.5
Cleanouts for Drainage and Waste Systems 51
Condensate Drain Line Maintenance 83
■ 715.1
■ 307.3
Exception for Backwater Valve Installations 54
Condensate Pumps in Uninhabitable Spaces 84
■ 716
■ 401.2, 407.1, Table 403.3.1.1
Vacuum Drainage Systems 56
Ventilation Required 85
■ 717
■ 403.2.1, Table 403.3.1.1
Replacement of Sewers by Pipe-Bursting
Method 57 Recirculation of Air 87
■ 403.3
■ 802.1, 802.1.1, 802.1.8
Food-Handling Equipment Outdoor Air and Local Exhaust Airflow Rates 90
Indirect Connection 58
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■ 403.6 ■ 502.7.1
Plastic Pipe, Tubing and Fittings 148 Door Clearance to Vent Terminals 162
■ 403.10.4 ■ 503.4.1
Drilled and Tapped Metallic Pipe Fittings 149 Plastic Piping for Appliance Vents 164
■ 404.5 ■ 503.6.9.3
Fittings in Concealed Locations 151 Sizing of Plastic Pipe Vents 166
■ 404.7 ■ 503.8
Protection of Concealed Piping against Venting System Termination Location 167
Physical Damage 153
■ 614.5
■ 404.18 Dryer Exhaust Duct Power Ventilators 169
Pipe Cleaning 155
■ 623.2
■ 410.2 Prohibited Location of Commercial
Medium-Pressure Regulators 156 Cooking Appliances 171
■ 411.1
Connecting Portable Outdoor Appliances 158
Index 173
■ 411.1.1
Connectors for Commercial Cooking
Appliances 160
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T
he purpose of Significant Changes to the International Plumbing
Code®, International Mechanical Code®, International Fuel Gas
Code® 2015 Edition is to familiarize plumbing and mechanical
officials, building officials, fire officials, plans examiners, inspectors,
design professionals, contractors, and others in the building construction
industry with many of the important changes to these codes. This pub-
lication is designed to assist code users in identifying the specific code
changes that have occurred and, more important, in understanding the
reasons behind the changes. It is also a valuable resource for jurisdictions
in their code-adoption process.
Only portions of the total number of code changes to the International
Plumbing Code, International Mechanical Code, and International Fuel
Gas Code are discussed in this book. The changes selected were identi-
fied for a number of reasons, including their frequency of application,
special significance, or change in application. However, the importance of
the changes not included is not to be diminished. Further information on
all code changes can be found in the Code Changes Resource Collection,
available from the International Code Council® (ICC®). This resource col-
lection provides the published documentation for each successful code
change contained in the 2015 International Plumbing Code and Interna-
tional Mechanical Code.
Throughout this Significant Changes book, each change is accompa-
nied by a photograph or an illustration to assist in and enhance the reader’s
understanding of the specific change. A summary and a discussion of the
significance of the change are also provided. Each code change is identi-
fied by type, be it an addition, modification, clarification or deletion.
The code change itself is presented in a legislative format similar to
the style utilized for code-change proposals. Deleted code language is
shown with a strikethrough, and new code text is indicated by under-
lining. As a result, the actual 2015 code language is provided as well as
a comparison with the 2012 language, so the user can easily determine
changes to the specific code text.
vii
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Acknowledgments
Fred Grable, author of the IPC section, thanks all of his co-workers at the
ICC for inviting him into the ICC family and teaching him many things
about the built environment and the I-codes. Fred is especially thankful
to Gregg Gress for his unwavering mentoring over the past seven years.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
Fred Grable, ICC Senior Staff Engineer and former master plumber, brings
extensive experience as both a plumbing contractor and engineer. He has
nearly two decades of experience as an engineer for an industrial pres-
sure piping manufacturer and in wastewater treatment equipment field
services. He also founded his own plumbing company and managed
new construction, remodeling, and repair of residential and commercial
plumbing and gas systems. Fred is a registered professional engineer in
two states. He has worked for ICC for over seven years in the Codes and
Standards Department and is the Secretariat for the International Plumb-
ing Code (IPC) and the plumbing portion of the International Residential
Code (IRC), the International Swimming Pool and Spa Code (ISPSC) and
Chapter 7 of the International Green Construction Code (IgCC).
Gregg Gress
International Code Council
Senior Technical Staff, Technical Services
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ICC Headquarters:
500 New Jersey Avenue, NW, 6th Floor,
Washington, DC 20001
District Offices:
Birmingham, AL • Chicago, IL • Los Angeles, CA
1-888-422-7233 (ICC-SAFE)
www.iccsafe.org
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C
■ Chapter 1 Scope and Administration hapter 1 of the International Plumbing Code®
No changes addressed (IPC) clarifies how the code will be enforced by
■ Chapter 2 Definitions code officials. Definitions of plumbing code ter-
■ Chapter 3 General Regulations minology are found in Chapter 2. General regulations in
■ Chapter 4 Fixtures, Faucets and Fixture Chapter 3 identify requirements not listed in other code
Fittings chapters, such as testing and inspections. Fixtures and
■ Chapter 5 Water Heaters water heaters are addressed in Chapters 4 and 5, respec-
■ Chapter 6 Water Supply and Distribution tively. Chapters 6 and 7 regulate water and drainage
■ Chapter 7 Sanitary Drainage piping systems. Indirect and special waste is covered in
■ Chapter 8 Indirect/Special Waste Chapter 8. Chapter 9 details acceptable venting method-
ologies with in-depth provisions for piping arrange-
■ Chapter 9 Vents
ments. The provisions for traps and various receptors
■ Chapter 10 Traps, Interceptors and Separators
are found in Chapter 10. Storm drainage, with its collec-
■ Chapter 11 Storm Drainage
tion system piping provisions, is covered in Chapter 11.
■ Chapter 12 Special Piping and Storage
Installation, design, storage, handling and use of
Systems No changes addressed non-flammable medical gas systems are addressed in
■ Chapter 13 Nonpotable Water Systems Chapter 12. Nonpotable water systems such as those for
No changes addressed the storage, treatment, and use of gray water, rainwater,
■ Chapter 14 Subsurface Landscape Irrigation reclaimed water and alternate onsite nonpotable water
Systems No changes addressed are addressed in Chapter 13. Methods for the use of
■ Chapter 15 Referenced Standards nonpotable water for subsurface irrigation are addressed
No changes addressed in Chapter 14. Standards referenced by the code sec-
tions are indicated in Chapter 15 along with specific
details about the applicable edition year and title.
Appendices A through E cover non-mandatory provi-
sions for permit fees, rainfall rates, degree design tem-
perature, water (piping) sizing methods, and structural
integrity protection rules for notching of and boring of
holes in wood and steel members. ■
1
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413.1 607.2.1
Food Waste Disposer Approval Hot Water Temperature Maintenance System Controls
417.4.1 607.3
Walls and Floors in Bathtub and Shower Areas Hot Water Thermal Expansion Pressure Control
421.1 702.5
Whirlpool Tub Approval Temperature Rating of Drainage Piping
2
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3
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Clothes
washer
stand
pipe
LAV Bathtub/
shower
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
202
CHANGE SUMMARY: This definition has been made more specific about
what constitutes a backflow preventer: a backflow prevention assembly, a
Backflow Preventer
backflow prevention device or other means or methods. Definition
2015 CODE: Backflow Preventer. A backflow prevention assembly,
a backflow prevention device or other means or methods to prevent back-
flow into the potable water supply.
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202 continued
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
CHANGE TYPE: Modification
202
CHANGE SUMMARY: The definition of a mechanical joint now in-
cludes heat-fused joints.
Mechanical Joint
Definition
2015 CODE: Mechanical Joint. A connection between pipes, fittings,
or pipes and fittings that is not screwed, caulked, threaded, soldered,
solvent cemented, brazed, or welded or heat-fused. A joint in which com-
pression is applied along the centerline of the pieces being joined. In
some applications, the joint is part of a coupling, fitting, or adapter.
mechanical joints
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
2015 CODE: Toilet Facility. A room or space that contains not less
than one water closet and one lavatory.
toilet facility
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
202
CHANGE SUMMARY: This definition has been added to clarify what is
considered a waste receptor.
Waste Receptor
Definition
2015 CODE: Waste Receptor. A floor sink, standpipe, hub drain or a
floor drain that receives the discharge of one or more indirect waste pipes.
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202 continued
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
202, 410.4
CHANGE SUMMARY: These definitions for a drinking fountain, a water
dispenser and a water cooler clarify Section 410 on drinking fountain re- Drinking Fountain,
quirements. The water dispenser definition expands the group of devices Water Cooler and
and apparatus that can be used as substitutions for 50 percent of the Water Dispenser
required number of drinking fountains.
Definitions;
2015 Code: Drinking Fountain. A plumbing fixture that is con- Substitution for
nected to the potable water distribution system and the drainage system. Drinking Fountains
The fixture allows the user to obtain a drink directly from a stream of
flowing water without the use of any accessories.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
CHANGE TYPE: Addition
202
CHANGE SUMMARY: Another type of grease interceptor, the Fats, Oils
and Greases (FOG) disposal system, has been added to support the revised
Grease Interceptor,
text in Section 1003.3.4 covering grease interceptors. Definition of Fats,
Oils and Greases (FOG)
2015 Code: Fats, Oils and Greases (FOG) Disposal System. A plumb- Disposal System
ing appurtenance that reduces nonpetroleum fats, oils and greases in effluent
by separation or mass and volume reduction.
36 diameter
precast
As required manhole
barrel section
Grout
(typical)
Inlet 7 10 CO
Outlet
Precast
concrete 24 Cast iron
grease Water tee with
interceptor level cleanout
plug
12 8
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Top plate
Joist
2-inch or
smaller plastic
pipe or stainless
Floor
steel drainage
systems
Story
height
Bottom
Approximately plate Minimal clearance,
one-half of slip fit clearance
story height
International Code Council ®
or any other
arrangement that
Floor
keeps pipe from
bowing to contact wall
covering or adjacent
pipes, conduits, boxes,
etc.
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2015 Code:
(There are no significant changes to portions of the table that are not
shown.)
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The minimum number of plumbing fixtures is determined by the use of the building
or space.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
403.3
CHANGE SUMMARY: Occupancies that have limited areas for public
access, such as dry cleaners, take-out only restaurants and automated
Required Public Toilet
teller machine lobbies, do not require public toilet facilities for those lim- Facilities Exception
ited areas (300 ft2 or less).
Counter
Customer area
of 300 ft2 or
less intended
for quick transactions
International Code Council ®
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403.3 continued other takeout food) and entertainment ticket purchase/pick-up lobbies.
The intent is that the exception is for establishments where customers
walk in, make a relatively fast transaction and walk out. In other words,
the customer does not spend any time waiting for orders to be prepared
(such as for food ordered upon walking in), filling out extensive forms,
waiting on an order to be pulled or loaded (such as for parts and materials
supply houses), waiting for a fuel tank to be filled, waiting for things to be
repaired (“while-u-wait” services), waiting on estimates for repairs to
be determined or shopping for merchandise on racks or shelves within
the public access area of 300 square feet or less. These small public-access
areas typically would not have chairs, stools, benches, bars, merchandise
shelving, catalog viewing/ordering desks or racks for products. The pres-
ence of these items might cause the customer to be inclined to spend more
time than needed to make a simple and quick transaction.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
403.4.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: The provision for directional signs to public
toilet facilities now requires that the signage be located at the main en-
Directional Signage
trance to the building or tenant space. for Location of Public
Toilet Facilities
2015 Code: 403.4.1 Directional Signage. Directional signage indi-
cating the route to the required public toilet facilities shall be posted in
accordance with Section 3107 of the International Building Code. Such
signage shall be located in a lobby, corridor, or aisle or similar space, such
that it can be readily seen from the main at the entrance to the building or
tenant space. facilities for customers, and visitors.
100425045
International Code Council ®
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CHANGE SUMMARY: The 2012 IPC required that an air gap within
Backflow Protection the appliance or an external backflow preventer in the appliance con-
for Clothes Washing nections be provided. This modification adds the standards designations
and Dishwashing with which air gaps must comply, so that the enforcement can be accom-
Machines plished by the inspector identifying those standard numbers either on the
machines or in the literature for the machines. Otherwise, verification
would have to be by physical inspection of the machines, which might be
impossible to perform.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
417.4.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: Bathtub floors, shower floors and the walls above
those areas need to be watertight and of a material that will be durable Walls and Floors in
under wet conditions. This section has been modified to make the exist- Bathtub and Shower
ing requirements more clear. Areas
2015 Code: 417.4.1 Wall Area. Bathtub floors, shower floors, the
wall areas above built-in tubs with that have installed shower heads and
walls in shower compartments shall be constructed of smooth, noncorrosive
corrosion-resistant and nonabsorbent waterproof materials. Wall materials
shall extend to a height of not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) above the room
floor level, and not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the drain of the tub
or shower. where measured from the compartment floor at the drain. Such
walls shall form a water-tight joint with each other and with either the tub,
receptor or shower floor.
Smooth, corrosion-
resistant, nonabsorbent,
70″ above shower floor at drain
waterproof material
72″ above finished floor
Finished interior
surface
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
421.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: A standard for electrical safety for whirlpool tubs
has been added to the code.
Whirlpool Tub
Approval
2015 Code: 421.1 Approval. Whirlpool bathtubs shall comply with
ASME A112.19.7/CSA B45.10 and shall be listed and labeled in accor-
dance with UL1795.
Whirlpool bathtub
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
CHANGE TYPE: Modification
424.8
CHANGE SUMMARY: The standard to which deck-mounted bath/
shower transfer valves must comply has changed.
Deck-Mounted Bath/
Shower Transfer Valves
2015 Code: 424.8 Transfer Valves. Deck-mounted bath/shower trans-
fer valves containing an integral atmospheric vacuum breaker shall conform
to the requirements of ASME A112.18.7 ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1.
Transfer valve
Bathtub deck
TUB
SHW
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2015 Code: 501.3 Drain Valves. Drain valves for emptying shall be
installed at the bottom of each tank-type water heater and hot water stor-
age tank. Drain valves shall conform to ASSE 1005. The drain valve inlet
shall be not less than 3/4 inch nominal iron pipe size and the outlet shall
be provided with male garden hose threads.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
504.6
CHANGE SUMMARY: The temperature and pressure relief valve dis-
charge pipe termination must have an air gap suitable to protect the
Temperature
potable water supply distribution system of the building. and Pressure Relief
Discharge Piping
2015 Code: 504.6 Requirements for Discharge Piping. The dis-
charge piping serving a pressure relief valve, temperature relief valve or
combination thereof shall:
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2015 Code: 504.7.2 Pan Drain Termination. The pan drain shall
extend full-size and terminate over a suitably located indirect waste
receptor or floor drain or extend to the exterior of the building and ter-
minate not less than 6 inches (152 mm) and not more than 24 inches
(610 mm) above the adjacent ground surface. Where a pan drain was not
previously installed, a pan drain shall not be required for a replacement
water heater installation.
Hot
Cold
Water heater
Relief valve
discharge
to pan
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replacement of those tanks under the 2012 code could require that a pan
be installed under the tank in order to comply with Section 504.7. Where
there is not an available termination point for the new pan drain to flow
to by gravity, then the code requirement for installation of a drain is
pointless. Therefore, this exception allows a pan drain to not be installed
in those situations. One question could arise from this exception is “Why
require a pan when the pan does not have drain?” Simply, a pan with
no drain is better than no pan at all. The logic behind this is that if the
tank begins to leak, then perhaps the building occupant will notice water
in the pan and realize that it is not a normal condition. This is opposed
to a situation where there is not a pan and the leaking water flows to an
unobservable location and does so for a long time, creating damage and
mold issues. A pan without a drain will provide a contained area that
might allow more time for the leak to become detected. A pan, especially
one without a drain, can also be used as a location to place a water alarm
sensor that could alert the occupant of leaking water.
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Existing pipe
Existing pipe
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
605.2.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: The code now has a more stringent limitation for
lead content in pipe, pipe fittings, joints, valves, faucets and fixture fit-
Lead Content of
tings that convey water used for drinking and cooking. Components Conveying
Drinking Water
2015 Code: 605.2.1 Lead Content of Drinking Water Pipe and
Fittings. Pipe, pipe fittings, joints, valves, faucets and fixture fittings
utilized to supply water for drinking or cooking purposes shall comply
with NSF 372 and shall have a weighted average lead content of 0.25 per-
cent or less.
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605.2.1 continued
Neither NSF 372 nor the federal law requires low-lead compliant
products be marked or identified in any particular manner. Identification
markings of “low-lead” products are not standardized among manufactur-
ers or third-party certification agencies. Some manufacturers might make
both low-lead compliant products and products that are intended to be
used in systems such as hydronic heating systems and nonpotable water
systems that do not require low-lead compliant products. Contractors will
need to be aware of the difference to avoid using the wrong product, such
as a non-compliant valve, in an application where a low-lead compliant
valve is required. Code officials will need to be knowledgeable about vari-
ous product markings and vigilant for improper application
errors when making inspections. Other manufacturers that make products
such as kitchen faucets, lavatory faucets and drinking fountains that are
intended for sale in areas covered by federal law will have only the low-
lead compliant versions available for sale in those areas. However, with
the increasing global access to plumbing products, contractors and code
officials will need to be careful about the products that are being installed
to ensure that federal law is not violated. The 2015 IPC requirement for
third-party certification to NSF 372 will make such verifications easier.
Although the federal law changes the previous requirement of the
Safe Drinking Water Act for products to have not more than 8 percent lead
to having not more than 0.25 percent lead for piping systems carrying
water used for drinking and cooking, the 2015 IPC does not eliminate the
8 percent lead limitation. Products must still comply with the not-more-
than-8 percent lead requirement as determined by standard NSF 61. That
standard requires evaluation of the product through chemical analysis of
prepared test water that has been exposed to the product for a specified
length of time. Evaluation of products for compliance with the low-lead
federal law (and NSF 372) is by calculation method only.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
Tables 605.3
CHANGE SUMMARY: A new type of CPVC pipe has been added to
Chapter 6. and 605.4,
2015 Code: Section
TABLE 605.3 Water Service Pipe 605.16
Material standard
CPVC/AL/CPVC Water
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/aluminum/ chlorinated
polyvinyl chloride (CPVC/AL/CPVC)
ASTM F2855
Service and Water
Distribution Piping
TABLE 605.4 Water Distribution Pipe
Material Standard
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/aluminum/chlorinated ASTM F2855
polyvinyl chloride (CPVC/AL/CPVC)
CPVC-AL-CPVC pipe
CPVC-AL-CPVC pipe
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702.2, 702.3, CHANGE SUMMARY: References to asbestos cement pipe and applica-
ble referenced standards have been removed from the code.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
Table 605.5,
CHANGE SUMMARY: Two standards for groove and shouldered mechan-
ical joints and a press-connect fitting standard have been added to the code. Sections
2015 Code: 605.14.5 Press-connect Joints. Press-connect joints 605.14.3,
shall conform to one of the standards listed in Table 605.5. Press-connect
joints shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc- 605.14.5,
tions. Cut tube ends shall be reamed to the full inside diameter of the tube
end. Joint surfaces shall be cleaned. The tube shall be fully inserted into 605.18.3,
605.22.2,
the press-connect fitting. Press-connect joints shall be pressed with a tool
certified by the manufacturer.
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Table 605.5, Sections 605.14.3, is crimped onto the pipe or tube with a special tool designed for that
605.14.5, 605.18.3, 605.22.2, 605.23.3 purpose. Typically, crimping tools are not interchangeable between
continued different manufacturer’s fittings. Once crimped in position, the fitting
cannot be removed, and the pipe cannot be rotated in the fitting. Con-
necting copper tubing and pipe in this manner is useful especially where
water in the piping cannot be evacuated to allow soldering or brazing, or
where open flames (torches) cannot be used.
Standards ASTM F 1476 and ASTM F 1548 for grooved and shouldered
mechanical joints have been added to the code to provide another option
for joining a variety of pipe materials. ASTM F 1476 covers the performance
requirements and qualification tests for these gasketed mechanical joints.
ASTM F 1548 covers the materials, testing, inspection and marking of the
fittings that are used in the performance and qualifications tests of ASTM
1476. This type of fitting/connection system has been in use in a variety of
piping applications for well over 50 years. The most familiar use of these
fittings is for the installation of fire sprinkler systems constructed of steel
pipe. The advantages of this type of joint are 1) minimizing field installa-
tion time, 2) skills for field assembly are minimal, 3) some angular adjust-
ment is possible for both installation and after installation and 4) joints can
be easily disassembled to make changes to systems.
Press-
Copper tube connect Copper tube
coupling
Tube
stops
Press tool
compresses
this portion
of fitting
Press-connect fitting
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
605.7,
CHANGE SUMMARY: All types of valves that supply drinking water
must now comply with NSF 61. Standards for numerous types of valves Table 605.7
have been added to the code.
Valve Compliance to
2015 Code: 605.7 Valves. All valves shall be of an approved type Standards
and compatible with the type of piping material installed in the system.
Ball valves, gate valves, butterfly valves, globe valves and plug. Valves
intended to supply drinking water shall meet the requirements of NSF 61.
Valves shall conform to one of the standards listed in Table 605.7 or shall
be approved.
CHANGE SIGNIFICANCE: Prior to the 2015 code, only ball valves, gate
valves, butterfly valves, globe valves and plug valves that supplied drink-
ing water were required to comply with NSF 61. Missing from this list
were pressure-reducing valves, backflow-prevention valves, check valves
and solenoid valves (which are typically a globe valve pattern). For the
2015 code, all types of valves that supply drinking water must comply
with NSF 61. This increased coverage ensures that contaminants tested
for (especially lead) under NSF 61 are not being imparted to the drinking
water supply for the building.
605.7, Table 605.7 continues
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605.7, Table 605.7 continued Standards for numerous types of valves have been added to the code
so that some control specifications for these products are available. With-
out referenced standards being identified for these important components
of the plumbing system, there hasn’t been a mechanism available for
someone to certify that these products actually do meet the standards that
a manufacturer says the product complies with. Section 303.4 requires
third-party certification of products and materials that are required to
comply with standards referenced by the code.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
607.2.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: Changes in the commercial portion of the Inter-
national Energy Conservation Code (IECC) caused changes in this IECC-
Hot Water Temperature
controlled section of the IPC. This section requires temperature maintenance Maintenance System
systems (for maintaining hot water temperature near plumbing fixtures) to Controls
be automatically turned off when there is not a demand for hot water. The
code change also makes it clear that the Section 607.2.1 and its subsection
607.2.1.1 do not apply to Group R2, R3 and R4 occupancies that are 3 stories
or less in height above grade plane, because those occupancies are covered
by the residential portion of the IECC.
Hot
water
to
fixtures Vent
and equipment Cold water
piping not
shown for
clarity
Hot
water
storage
tank Cold
Water water
International Code Council ®
heater inlet
Water
circulator
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607.2.1 continued 607.2.1.1 Storage Tank Hot Water Circulation Systems. Circulating
pumps intended to maintain storage tank water temperature shall have
controls that will limit operation of the pump from heating cycle start up
to not greater than 5 minutes after the end of the cycle. Ready access shall
be provided to the operating controls.
Cold
Hot
To bathroom
groups
Within 50 feet
of the most remote
fixture outlet
Recirculating
line
Circulating pump
Water
heater
Check valve
Circulating hot water distribution system
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
607.3
CHANGE SUMMARY: The available method to control closed-system
pressure increases caused by the heating of water has been limited to the
Hot Water Thermal
use of thermal expansion tanks only. Expansion Pressure
Control
2015 Code: 607.3 Thermal Expansion Control. A means of con-
trolling increased pressure caused by thermal expansion shall be pro-
vided where required in accordance with Sections 607.3.1 and 607.3.2.
Where a storage water heater is supplied with cold water that passes
through a check valve, pressure reducing valve or backflow preventer, a
thermal expansion tank shall be connected to the water heater cold water
supply pipe at a point that is downstream of all check valves, pressure re-
ducing valves and backflow preventers. Thermal expansion tanks shall be
sized in accordance with the tank manufacturer’s instructions and shall
be sized such that the pressure in the water distribution system shall not
exceed that required by Section 604.8.
Water
Diaphragm
Air
Expansion
tank
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
608.8,
CHANGE SUMMARY: Fixtures such as water closets and urinals that
utilize nonpotable water must be identified with words and a symbol in- 608.8.1,
dicating that nonpotable water is being used. The color purple is estab-
lished for identifying distribution piping conveying nonpotable water. 608.8.2
2015 Code: 608.8.1 Signage Required. All nonpotable water out-
Identification of
lets such as hose connections, open ended pipes, and faucets shall be Nonpotable Water
identified at the point of use for each outlet with the words, “Nonpotable-
not safe for drinking.” with signage that reads as follows: “Non-potable
water is utilized for [application name]. Caution: Nonpotable water. DO
NOT DRINK.” The words shall be legibly and indelibly printed on a tag
or sign constructed of corrosion-resistant waterproof material or shall be
indelibly printed on the fixture. The letters of the words shall be not less
than 0.5 inches in height and in colors in contrast to the background on
which they are applied. In addition to the required wordage, the picto-
graph shown in Figure 608.8.1 shall appear on the signage required by
this section.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
CHANGE TYPE: Addition
702.5
CHANGE SUMMARY: Wastewater having a temperature greater than
140°F (60°C) does not need to be cooled before it enters the drainage sys-
Temperature Rating
tem if the drainage system piping is rated for the higher temperature. of Drainage Piping
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
CHANGE TYPE: Modification
705.11.2
CHANGE SUMMARY: The application of a primer to drain, waste and
vent PVC pipe and fittings prior to solvent cementing is not required for
Exception for Solvent
4-inch pipe size and smaller. Cementing PVC Piping
4 Inches and Smaller
2015 Code: 705.11.2 Solvent Cementing. Joint surfaces shall be
clean and free from moisture. A purple primer that conforms to ASTM
F 656 shall be applied. Solvent cement not purple in color and conform-
ing to ASTM D 2564, CSA B137.3, CSA B181.2 or CSA B182.1 shall be
applied to all joint surfaces. The joint shall be made while the cement is
wet and shall be in accordance with ASTM D 2855. Solvent-cement joints
shall be permitted above or below ground.
Primer
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705.11.2 continued the pipe and fitting pressure capacity for both solid wall and cellular core
types of pipes.
The use of purple primer prior to solvent cementing PVC is often
problematic where finished surfaces are in the vicinity. For example, tubs
and shower stalls are often set in place during the plumbing rough-in
stage. Work on plumbing rough-in piping above these finished products
can be challenging if the plumber is attempting to avoid damaging the
products. During the fixture set-out stage, pipe and fittings connections
are often necessary in the vicinity of cabinetry, flooring and other finish
materials that could be damaged by purple primer. From an aesthetics
point of view, piping covered with streaks of purple primer makes a pip-
ing job appear less than professional. Purple primer on piping visible to
the occupant from within finished areas of the building is not appreciated
by the building owner/occupant.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
708
CHANGE SUMMARY: The section on cleanouts has been completely
reorganized and reworded for clarity. Brass cleanout plugs are permitted
Cleanouts for Drainage
for metallic piping only. Where located at a finished wall, the cleanout and Waste Systems
must be within 11/2 inches of the finished surface. A cleanout is no longer
required at the base of each waste or soil stack.
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708 continued
include, but are not limited to, the inside of plenums, within walls,
within floor/ceiling assemblies, below grade and in crawl spaces where
the height from the crawl space floor to the nearest obstruction along the
path from the crawl space opening to the cleanout location is less than
24 inches (610 mm). Cleanouts with openings at a finished wall shall have
the face of the opening located within 1-1/2 inches (38 mm) of the finished
wall surface. Cleanouts located below grade shall be extended to grade
level so that the top of the cleanout plug is at or above grade. A cleanout
installed in a floor or walkway that will not have a trim cover installed
shall have a countersunk plug installed, so the top surface of the plug is
flush with the finished surface of the floor or walkway.
708.1.10.1 Cleanout Plug Trim Covers. Trim covers and access doors
for cleanout plugs shall be designed for such purposes and shall be ap-
proved. Trim cover fasteners that thread into cleanout plugs shall be cor-
rosion resistant. Cleanout plugs shall not be covered with mortar, plaster
or any other permanent material.
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Existing
building
Next
International Code Council ®
upstream Backwater
manhole valve installed
elevation after building
is built
Building sewer
Public sewer
Exception allows this backwater valve arrangement for existing buildings only.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
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Vacuum tank
and pump
Holding
tank
Water
Vacuum
Air
CHANGE TYPE: Addition
717
CHANGE SUMMARY: Replacement of building sewers by the pipe-
bursting method has been used for many decades and is useful especially
Replacement of Sewers
where excavation of the existing sewer is difficult and costly because of by Pipe-Bursting
parking lots and other items on the ground surface that would need to be Method
removed and replaced.
2015 Code: 717.1 General. This section shall govern the replace-
ment of existing building sewer piping by pipe-bursting methods.
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802.1.1, CHANGE SUMMARY: The section has been clarified to indicate that
Section 802.1 and its subsections do not apply to fixtures and equipment
802.1.8 in dwelling units. The section was modified to indicate the types of food-
handling equipment that Sections 802.1 through 802.1.8 cover.
Floor sink
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802.1.1 Food Handling. Equipment and fixtures utilized for the stor-
age, preparation and handling of food shall discharge through an indirect
waste pipe by means of an air gap. Each well of a multi-compartment sink
shall discharge independently to a waste receptor.
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CHANGE SUMMARY: The code has clarified that standpipes are waste
Waste Receptors, Hub receptors. Some limitations for where waste receptors could not be located
Drains and Standpipes have been removed. Hub drains now require a strainer.
802.3.2 Open Hub Drains Waste Receptors. A hub drain Waste re-
ceptors shall be permitted in the form of a hub or a pipe extending not
less than 1 inch (25.4 mm) above a water-impervious floor. and are not
required to have a strainer.
Typical standpipe
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
2015 Code: 903.1 Roof Extension. Open vent pipes that extend
through a roof shall be terminated not less than [NUMBER] inches (mm)
above the roof, except that. Where a roof is to be used for assembly or as
a promenade, observation deck, sunbathing deck or similar purposes for
any purpose other than weather protection, the open vent pipes exten-
sions shall terminate not less than 7 feet (2134 mm) above the roof.
903.2 Frost Closure. Where the 97.5-percent value for outside design
temperature is 0°F (218°C) or less, every vent extensions through a roof
or wall shall be not less than 3 inches (76 mm) in diameter. Any increase
in the size of the vent shall be made not less than 1 foot inside the struc-
ture at a point not less than 1 foot (305 mm) below the roof or inside the
wall building’s thermal envelope.
7′ minimum
Vent
Roof sundeck
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been damaged from condensate freezing inside the vent pipe. The new
requirement for the 2015 IPC is for the vent pipes to increase diameter
starting at not less than 1 foot inside the building’s thermal envelope. In
other words, the vent enlargement occurs inside the heated zone of the
building.
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CHANGE SUMMARY: Traps are not required for parking garage floor
Exception for Traps drains where the drains are connected to a storm sewer system.
for Parking Garage
Floor Drains 2015 Code: 1002.1 Fixture traps. Each plumbing fixture shall be
separately trapped by a liquid-seal trap, except as otherwise permitted
by this code. The vertical distance from the fixture outlet to the trap weir
shall not exceed 24 inches (610 mm), and the horizontal distance shall
not exceed 30 inches (610 mm) measured from the centerline of the fix-
ture outlet to the centerline of the inlet of the trap. The height of a clothes
washer standpipe above a trap shall conform to Section 802.4. A fixture
shall not be double trapped.
Exceptions:
1. through 3. (No change to text)
4. Floor drains in multilevel parking structures that discharge to
a building storm sewer shall not be required to be individually
trapped. Where floor drains in multilevel parking structures are
required to discharge to a combined building sewer system, the
floor drains shall not be required to be individually trapped,
provided that they connect to a main trap in accordance with
Section 1103.1.
Trap not required for parking garages where drain system connects to storm sewer
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
1002.4,
1002.4.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: Trap seal protection against evaporation can now
be accomplished in a variety of ways.
2015 Code: 1002.4 Trap Seals. Each fixture trap shall have a liquid Trap Seal Protection
seal of not less than 2 inches (51 mm) and not more than 4 inches (102 against Evaporation
mm), or deeper for special designs relating to accessible fixtures. Where
a trap seal is subject to loss by evaporation, a trap seal primer valve shall
be installed. Trap seal primer valves shall connect to the trap at a point
above the level of the trap seal. A trap seal primer valve shall conform to
ASSE 1018 or ASSE 1044.
A barrier-type trap seal protection device is one of four methods of protecting the floor drain trap seal from evaporation.
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1002.4, 1002.4.1 continued 1002.4.1.2 Reclaimed or Gray Water Supplied Trap Seal Primer Valve.
A reclaimed or graywater supplied trap seal primer valve shall supply
water to the trap. Water supplied trap seal primer valves shall conform to
ASSE 1018. The quality of reclaimed or gray water supplied to trap seal
primer valves shall be in accordance with the requirements of the manu-
facturer of the trap seal primer valve. The discharge pipe from the trap
seal primer valve shall connect to the trap above the trap seal on the inlet
side of the trap.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
1003.3.6
CHANGE SUMMARY: A section and standard covering gravity grease
interceptors have been added to the code.
Gravity Grease
Interceptors
2015 Code: 1003.3.6 Gravity Grease Interceptors and Gravity
Grease Interceptors with Fats, Oils and Greases Disposal Systems.
The required capacity of gravity grease interceptors and gravity grease in-
terceptors with fats, oils and greases disposal systems shall be determined
by multiplying the peak drain flow into the interceptor in gallons per min-
ute by a retention time of 30 minutes. Gravity grease interceptors shall
be designed and tested in accordance with IAPMO/ANSI Z100. Gravity
grease interceptors with fats, oils and greases disposal systems shall be
designed and tested in accordance with ASME 112.14.6 and IAPMO/ANSI
Z1001. Gravity grease interceptors and gravity grease interceptors with
fats, oils, and greases disposal systems shall be installed in accordance
with manufacturer’s instructions. Where manufacturer’s instructions are
not provided, gravity grease interceptors and gravity grease interceptors
with fats, oils and greases disposal systems shall be installed in compli-
ance with ASME A112.14.6 and IAPMO/ANSI Z1001.
CHANGE SIGNIFICANCE: Until now, the IPC has not addressed or regu-
lated gravity-type grease interceptors, primarily because there was a lack of
standards regulating the construction of these tanks, which are most often
installed underground. Gravity grease interceptors work by reducing the
waste-water flow velocity so that the grease floats and solids settle to the
bottom of the tank. Waste water between these two layers is allowed to pass
into the sewer system.
Gravity grease interceptors can be fitted with Fats, Oils and Greases
(FOG) disposal systems so that such material can be reduced into water
form, thus extending the required cleaning intervals of the tank.
6″ thick Solid manhole cover
concrete pad
Grade or paving
Steps
Direct connection
required
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
1003.4
CHANGE SUMMARY: Section 1003.4 has been clarified to indicate
where oil separators are required. An addition to the exception concern-
Oil Separator
ing alarm systems has been made. Required
2015 Code: 1003.4 Oil Separators Required. At repair garages
where floor or trench drains are provided, car washing facilities, at facto-
ries where oily and flammable liquid wastes are produced and in hydrau-
lic elevator pits, oil separators shall be installed into which all oil-bearing,
grease-bearing or flammable wastes shall be discharged before emptying
into the building drainage system or other point of disposal.
Removable cover
Vent
Inlet Outlet
Solids
Oil separator
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Exceptions:
1. Clothes washers in individual dwelling units shall not be
required to discharge through an interceptor.
2. A single clothes washer designed for use in individual dwell-
ing units and installed in a location other than an individual
dwelling unit shall not be required to discharge through an
interceptor.
Removable cover
Access
Inlet
Removable screen
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
1003.9
CHANGE SUMMARY: Interceptors and separators must be vented.
Venting of Interceptors
2015 Code: 1003.9 Venting of Interceptors and Separators. and Separators
Interceptors and separators shall be designed so as not to become air
bound. where tight covers are utilized. Each Interceptors or and separa-
tors shall be vented in accordance with one of the methods of Chapter 9.
where subject to a loss of trap seal.
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1106.3 Building Storm Drains and Sewers. The size of the building
storm drain, building storm sewer and their horizontal branches having
a slope of one-half unit or less vertical in 12 units horizontal (4-percent
slope) shall be based on the maximum projected roof area in accordance
with Table 1106.3. The slope of horizontal branches shall be not less than
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10
Gallons per minute
9.0
8.0
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
1105.2, 1106.2 continued Roof drain manufacturers are in the process of developing head-of-
water versus flow data for each drain model and size. Because head-of-
water above a roof drain must be coordinated with the structural capacity
of the roof, careful choice of a specific roof drain that does not cause an
overload of the roof structure must be made. Existing Tables 1106.2(1),
1106.2(2) and 1106.3 have been deleted and replaced by Table 1106.2,
which covers the sizing of vertical and horizontal storm drain piping. The
design process is to 1) choose a specific roof drain based upon manufac-
turer’s published flow rate data, 2) verify that the head-of-water required
for that flow rate does not violate the structural capacity of the roof and 3)
choose pipe sizes that can accommodate the design flow rate. The loca-
tion and elevation of secondary roof drains and scuppers must be closely
coordinated with the design of the head-of-water of the primary roof
drain. The designer’s choice of a secondary roof drain must also take into
account the head-of-water above the drain to achieve the design flow with
respect to the structural capabilities of the roof.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
1106.3,
CHANGE SUMMARY: The 2012 Table 1106.2(2), which covered the
vertical leader sizing requirements, has been replaced by the simplified 1106.6
Table 1106.3. The 2012 Table 1106.6, which covered horizontal gutter
sizing requirements, has been replaced by the simplified Table 1106.6. Sizing of Gutters
These sizing methods correspond with American Society of Plumbing and Leaders
Engineers’ (ASPE) sizing tables.
Gutter
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1106.3, 1106.6 continued 1106.6 Size of Roof Gutters. The size of semicircular gutters shall
be based on the maximum projected roof area in accordance with
Table 1106.6. Horizontal gutters shall be sized based on the flow rate from
the roof surface. The flow rate in horizontal gutters shall not exceed the
values that are specified in Table 1106.6.
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T
■ Chapter 1 Scope and Administration he International Mechanical Code® (IMC) con-
No changes addressed tains provisions for the regulation of mechani-
■ Chapter 2 Definitions No changes addressed cal equipment design and installation. The code
■ Chapter 3 General Regulations consists of 15 chapters and 2 appendices. Appendix A
■ Chapter 4 Ventilation deals with chimney connector pass-throughs, and
■ Chapter 5 Exhaust Systems Appendix B lists recommended permit fees.
■ Chapter 6 Duct Systems The provisions of Chapter 1 address the scope, appli-
■ Chapter 7 Combustion Air cation, enforcement and administration of subsequent
■ Chapter 8 Chimneys and Vents requirements of the code. Chapter 2 provides definitions
■ Chapter 9 Specific Appliances, Fireplaces for terms used throughout the IMC. Chapter 3 includes
the general requirements for listed equipment, appliance
and Solid-Fuel-Burning
location, protection for personnel servicing mechanical
Equipment
equipment, access requirements for appliances in vari-
■ Chapter 10 Boilers, Water Heaters and
ous locations, and condensate disposal. Chapter 4 ad-
Pressure Vessels
dresses building ventilation. Chapter 5 includes exhaust
No changes addressed systems including commercial kitchen exhaust systems.
■ Chapter 11 Refrigeration Chapter 6 covers all of the duct construction provisions
■ Chapter 12 Hydronic Piping for heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems.
No changes addressed Chapter 7 addresses combustion air. Chapter 8 has re-
■ Chapter 13 Fuel Oil Piping and Storage quirements for vents and chimneys. Chapter 9 includes
No changes addressed requirements for specific appliances, fireplaces and
■ Chapter 14 Solar Systems solid-fuel equipment. Chapter 10 deals with boilers,
No changes addressed water heaters and pressure vessels. Chapter 11 addresses
■ Chapter 15 Referenced Standards refrigeration systems. Chapter 12 has requirements for
No changes addressed hydronic piping. Regulations governing fuel-oil piping
and storage are located in Chapter 13. Chapter 14 deals
with solar systems. Chapter 15 contains standards, refer-
enced in the 2015 IMC, listed by the promulgating agency
of the standard. ■
77
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404.1 507.2.8
Intermittent Operation of Mechanical Ventilation Type I Hood Grease Filters
Systems for Enclosed Parking Garages
508.1.2
501.3 Air Balance for Commercial Kitchen Ventilation
Mechanical Exhaust System Discharge Systems
506.3.7.1 602.2
Grease Duct Reservoirs Plenum Construction
78
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79
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Thinkstock
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roofs where such safety systems are typically utilized. Restraint systems
have limited application for flat roofs, where mechanical appliances and
equipment are typically located, because of the impracticality of workers
navigating around rooftop heating, ventilation and air conditioning
(HVAC) units while tethered to anchorage points. Where appliances and
mechanical equipment that require service are installed on roof s urfaces
with a slope of 3/12 and greater, Section 306.5.1 of the IMC requires
that service platforms with guards be provided, without exception.
The new exception is applicable to roofs having a slope of less than 3/12
(25 percent).
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HVAC
controls
Ceiling
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
307.2.5
CHANGE SUMMARY: The code requires that condensate drains be con-
figured or equipped to allow maintenance of the drain without the drain
Condensate Drain Line
pipe or tubing being cut. Maintenance
2015 Code: 307.2.5 Drain Line Maintenance. Condensate drain
lines shall be configured to permit the clearing of blockages and perfor-
mance of maintenance without requiring the drain line to be cut.
Cooling
(Pipe fittings with cap or plug
coil
or proprietary devices)
International Code Council ®
cabinet
Elastomeric
Condensate coupling
pan drain Union
Trap
Copper or plastic
drain line
Possible means to provide access to a drain line interior without requiring the
pipe to be cut
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¾″ typical
condensate drain pipe
Internal overflow Pump motor housing
float switch
120 VAC
powercord
Pump discharge
International Code Council ®
tubing
Float
Pump
reservoir
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
401.2, 407.1,
CHANGE SUMMARY: Occupancies including hospitals, nursing homes,
detoxification facilities and ambulatory care facilities must be ventilated Table
in accordance with a new standard, ASHRAE 170.
403.3.1.1
2015 Code: 401.2 Ventilation Required. Every occupied space
shall be ventilated by natural means in accordance with Section 402 or by
Ventilation Required
mechanical means in accordance with Section 403. Where the air infiltra-
tion rate in a dwelling unit is less than 5 air changes per hour when tested
with a blower door at a pressure of 0.2-inch water column (50 Pa) in ac-
cordance with Section R402.4.1.2 of the International Energy Conserva-
tion Code, the dwelling unit shall be ventilated by mechanical means in
accordance with Section 403. Ambulatory care facilities and Group I-2
occupancies shall be ventilated by mechanical means in accordance with
Section 407.
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Only portions of the table are shown for brevity and clarity.
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CHANGE TYPE: Clarification
403.2.1,
CHANGE SUMMARY: The revisions to Section 403.2.1 and notes
b and g of Table 403.3.1.1 clarify that recirculation of air within a space Table
is permitted.
403.3.1.1
2015 Code: 403.2.1 Recirculation of Air. The outdoor air required
by Section 403.3 shall not be recirculated. Air in excess of that required
Recirculation of Air
by Section 403.3 shall not be prohibited from being recirculated as a com-
ponent of supply air to building spaces, except that:
Thinkstock
2015 Code:
Table 403.3.1.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates
People Outdoor Area Outdoor
Airflow Rate Airflow Rate Exhaust
Occupant in Breathing in Breathing Airflow
Occupancy Density Zone, Rp Cfm/ Zone, Ra Cfm/ Rate
Classification #/1000 Ft2 a Person Ft2 a Cfm/Ft2 a
Public spaces
Corridors 0.06
Elevator car 1.0
Shower room 50/20f
(per shower head)g
Smoking loungesb 70 60
Toilet rooms— 50/70e
publicg
Only portions of the table are shown for brevity and clarity.
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In other words, none of the supply air that goes in is returned to the air
handler. Obviously it is problematic for a single air-handling system to
serve spaces identified by note b or g and also serve spaces not identified
by those notes. Both items 3 and 4 have the same basic intent of prevent-
ing air in spaces identified by note b or note g from being conveyed to
other spaces, thereby spreading contaminants.
Notes b and g in Table 403.3.1.1 also have been misinterpreted so that
designers thought they should prevent the air within a space from being
recirculated within that space—and that all return air from the HVAC sys-
tem had to be exhausted. The notes were misread and the intent misun-
derstood. Note b says that recirculation of air “from such spaces” is
prohibited, which means that the air in the space could not be transferred
to some other space. For example, a beauty salon could be affected by
note b, and the air in that salon could not be circulated to another occu-
pancy. However, the air in the salon could be recirculated within the
salon to the extent that the ventilation complies with Section 403.2.1. If
this were not the case, the beauty salon owner/tenant could not afford to
heat and cool the space. These revisions to notes b and g correlate with
changes to Section 403.2.1.
The prohibitions on recirculation of air apply where air is circulated
among multiple spaces, not where the air is recirculated within the same
space.
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2015 Code: 403.3 Outdoor Air and Local Exhaust Airflow Rates.
Group R-2, R-3 and R-4 occupancies three stories and less in height above
grade plane shall be provided with outdoor air and local exhaust in accor-
dance with Section 403.3.2. All other buildings intended to be occupied
shall be provided with outdoor air and local exhaust in accordance with
Section 403.3.1.
403.3.2 R-2, R-3 and R-4 Occupancies, Three Stories and Less. The
design of local exhaust systems and ventilation systems for outdoor air in
R-2, R-3 and R-4 occupancies three stories and less in height above grade
plane shall comply with Sections 403.3.2.1 through 403.3.2.3.
Thinkstock
The code now prescribes outdoor air and local exhaust airflow rates specific to
Group R-2 apartment buildings up to three stories in height.
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(Equation 4-9)
where:
403.3.2.2 Outdoor Air for Other Spaces. Corridors and other com-
mon areas within the conditioned space shall be provided with outdoor
air at a rate of not less than 0.06 cfm/ft2 of floor area.
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2015 Code:
Downdraft face
and baffle
TABLE 403.3.1.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates
People Outdoor Area Outdoor Exhaust
Occupant Airflow Rate in Airflow Rate in Airflow
Occupancy Density #/1000 Breathing Zone, Breathing Zone, Rate Cfm/
Classification Ft2 a Rp Cfm/Person Ra Cfm/Ft2 a Ft2 a
Specialty shops
Nail salons b, h 25 20 0.12 0.6
International Code Council ®
h. For nail salons, each nail manicure and pedicure station shall be
provided with a source capture system capable of exhausting not
less than 50 cfm per station. Exhaust inlets shall be located in
To accordance with Section 502.20. Where one or more required
outdoors source capture systems operate continuously during occupancy,
Centrifugal
the exhaust rate from such systems shall be permitted to be
fan
applied to the exhaust flow rate required by Table 403.3.1.1 for
Ventilation for manicure station the nail salon.
Only portions of the table are shown for brevity and clarity.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
404.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: For enclosed parking garages, the ventilation sys-
tem must operate continuously or must be automatically controlled for Intermittent Operation
intermittent operation utilizing both carbon monoxide and nitrogen di- of Mechanical
oxide detectors. The option to detect vehicle operation or occupant pres- Ventilation Systems
ence has been deleted.
for Enclosed
2015 Code: 404.1 Enclosed Parking Garages. Where mechanical Parking Garages
ventilation systems for enclosed parking garages shall be permitted to op-
erate intermittently, such operation shall be automatic in accordance with
Item 1, Item 2 or both by means of carbon monoxide detectors applied in
conjunction with nitrogen dioxide detectors. Such detectors shall be in-
stalled in accordance with their manufacturers’ recommendations.
Exhaust fan
Control
panel
International Code Council ®
Automatic garage ventilation using NO2 and CO detectors for intermittent fan operation
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Exceptions:
1. Whole-house ventilation-type attic fans shall be permitted
to discharge into the attic space of dwelling units having
private attics.
2. Commercial cooking recirculating systems.
3. Where installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions and where mechanical or natural ventilation
is otherwise provided in accordance with Chapter 4, listed
and labeled domestic ductless range hoods shall not be
required to discharge to the outdoors.
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Manicure station. The exhaust inlet does not appear to comply with code, as it is
more than 12 inches from the point of chemical application.
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504.8.4.3 CHANGE SUMMARY: New text recognizes the use of dryer exhaust duct
power ventilators (DEDPVs) for installations that exceed the allowable
exhaust duct length for clothes dryers.
Dryer Exhaust Duct
Power Ventilators 2015 Code: 504.5 Dryer Exhaust Duct Power Ventilators. Domes-
tic dryer exhaust duct power ventilators shall be listed and labeled to UL
705 for use in dryer exhaust duct systems. The dryer exhaust duct power
ventilator shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
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Because of the high incidence of reported dryer fires, the code strictly reg-
ulates the installation. DEDPVs are listed to a revised version of UL 705
that now contains tests and construction requirements that are specific
to these devices. DEDPVs have been around for years but until recently
were not listed to a national consensus standard that was specific to these
devices. The UL 705 standard contains requirements for the construction,
testing and installation of DEDPVs and requires them to be equipped with
features such as interlocks, limit controls, monitoring controls and enun-
ciator devices to make certain that the dryers or dryer operators are aware
of the operating status of the DEDPVs.
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Rivet
4-inch
exhaust duct
Screw
Direction of flow
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
505.1, 505.4
CHANGE SUMMARY: The scope of domestic kitchen hoods coverage
has been expanded to beyond dwellings units. Domestic hoods are man-
Domestic Range Hoods
dated in new Section 505.4.
Exceptions:
1. In other than Group I-1 and I-2, where installed in accordance
with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and where
mechanical or natural ventilation is otherwise provided in
accordance with Chapter 4, listed and labeled ductless range
hoods shall not be required to discharge to the outdoors.
2. Ducts for domestic kitchen cooking appliances equipped
with downdraft exhaust systems shall be permitted to be
constructed of Schedule 40 PVC pipe and fittings provided
that the installation complies with all of the following:
2.1. The duct shall be installed under a concrete slab
poured on grade.
505.1, 505.4 continues
International Code Council ®
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505.1, 505.4 continued 2.2. The underfloor trench in which the duct is installed
shall be completely backfilled with sand or gravel.
2.3. The PVC duct shall extend not more than 1 inch (25 mm)
above the indoor concrete floor surface.
2.4. The PVC duct shall extend not more than 1 inch (25 mm)
above grade outside of the building.
2.5. The PVC ducts shall be solvent cemented.
505.4 Other than Group R. In other than Group R occupancies, where
domestic cooking appliances are utilized for domestic purposes, such
appliances shall be provided with domestic range hoods. Hoods and
exhaust systems shall be in accordance with Sections 505.1 and 505.2.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
505.3
CHANGE SUMMARY: New text regulates the design and construction of
exhaust shafts that serve domestic kitchen exhaust systems in multistory
Domestic Kitchen
buildings. Exhaust Systems in
Multistory Buildings
2015 Code: 505.3 Common Exhaust Systems for Domestic Kitch-
ens Located in Multistory Structures. Where a common multistory
duct system is designed and installed to convey exhaust from multiple
505.3 continues
Exhaust fan:
• Continuous operation
• Standby power
• Monitored in approved location
• Audible or visual signal when fan not operating
Fire-resistant-rated shaft
per IBC
Min. 26 gage
sheet metal per
SMACNA
Range hood
22-inch
International Code Council ®
sub duct
Floor
Clean out
opening
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505.3 continued
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10. A
cleanout opening shall be located at the base of the shaft to
provide access to the duct to allow for cleanout and inspection.
The finished openings shall be not less than 12 inches by
12 inches (305 mm by 305 mm).
11. Screens shall not be installed at the termination.
12.
The common multistory duct system shall serve only kitchen
exhaust and shall be independent of other exhaust systems.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
506.3.8
CHANGE SUMMARY: The cleanout spacing provisions have been added
to be consistent with Section 506.3.9 for horizontal ducts.
Grease Duct Cleanouts
and Openings
2015 Code: 506.3.8 Grease Duct Cleanouts and Openings. Grease
duct cleanouts and openings shall comply with all of the following:
1. Grease ducts shall not have openings except where required for
the operation and maintenance of the system.
2. Sections of grease ducts that are inaccessible from the hood or
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Fire-resistant construction
Duct enclosure
International Code Council ®
Fire dampers and smoke dampers are not permitted in grease ducts.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
506.5.1.2
CHANGE SUMMARY: New text addresses the enclosure requirements
for in-line exhaust fans located in kitchen hood exhaust ducts, in effect
In-Line Fan Location in
treating them the same as ducts. Exhaust Ducts Serving
Commercial Kitchen
2015 Code: 506.5.1.2 In-Line Fan Location. Where enclosed duct Hoods
systems are connected to in-line fans not located outdoors, the fan shall
be located in a room or space having the same fire resistance rating as the
duct enclosure. Access shall be provided for servicing and cleaning of fan
components. Such rooms or spaces shall be ventilated in accordance with
the fan manufacturers’ installation instructions.
Roof
Ventilation air
Fire-resistant-rated roof
Duct enclosure and wall assemblies
Grease duct
International Code Council ®
An in-line fan must be located in a room or space having the same fire-resistance
rating as the grease-duct enclosure.
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CHANGE SUMMARY: The code now requires that hinged exhaust fans
Hinged Up-Blast Fans be provided with a means to limit the travel of the fan assembly to pre-
for Type I Hoods vent injury to personnel and damage to the building and fan.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
507.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: A requirement has been added for Type I hood in-
stallations to comply with all aspects of a Type I exhaust system, whether
Type I Hood
the Type I hood is required by the code or installed by choice. Installation
Thinkstock
Where a Type I hood is installed, the entire system must comply with the
requirements for Type I hoods.
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507.1 continued to ductwork suitable only for Type II hood systems, a fire hazard could
result. Building owners and tenants could think that they have a Type I
hood system when viewing the hood, not realizing that the hood system
is actually a mismatch of a Type I hood with ductwork that is not com-
patible with a Type I hood. The ductwork would likely lack the required
clearance to combustibles, the proper metal thickness, cleanouts and fire
suppression. If the Type I hood was later used with appliances requiring
Type I hoods, a severe fire hazard would result, unknown to the building
owner or tenants.
The code intends to prohibit the installation of a system that is mis-
leading as to its capabilities, application and purpose. Often changes are
made to the line of cooking appliances in a kitchen, and there might not be
an inspection or investigation performed before such changes are made.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
507.1.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: The requirement for automatic activation of the
exhaust system has been revised to provide the intended performance re-
Commercial Kitchen
quirements and to clarify that an interlock arrangement is an alternative Exhaust Hood System
to automatic hood operation. Operation
2015 Code: 507.2.1.1 507.1.1 Operation. Commercial kitchen ex-
haust hood systems shall operate during the cooking operation. The hood
exhaust rate shall comply with the listing of the hood or shall comply with
Section 507.5. Type I hood systems shall be designed and installed to au-
tomatically activate the exhaust fan whenever cooking operations occur.
The activation of the exhaust fan shall occur through an interlock with
the cooking appliances, by means of heat sensors or by means of other ap-
proved methods. The exhaust fan serving a Type I hood shall have auto-
matic controls that will activate the fan when any appliance that requires
such Type I Hood is turned on, or a means of interlock shall be provided
that will prevent operation of such appliances when the exhaust fan is
not turned on. Where one or more temperature or radiant energy sensors
are used to activate a Type I hood exhaust fan, the fan shall activate not
more than 15-minutes after the first appliance, served by that hood, has
been turned on. A method of interlock between an exhaust hood system
and appliances equipped with standing pilot burners shall not cause the
pilot burners to be extinguished. A method of interlock between an ex-
haust hood system and cooking appliances shall not involve or depend
upon any component of a fire extinguishing system.
507.1.1 continues
To fan To fan
Temperature or radiant
energy sensors to activate
Range/Oven fan when appliance operates Range/Oven
International Code Council ®
Appliance
shut-down
Option 1: Automatic if fan is not Option 2: Interlock
hood fan operation operating appliance shut-down
Commercial kitchen exhaust hood systems shall operate during the cooking operation.
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507.1.1 continued The net exhaust volumes for hoods shall be permitted to be reduced
during part-load cooking conditions, where engineered or listed multi-
speed or variable speed controls automatically operate the exhaust
system to maintain capture and removal of cooking effluents as required
by this section. Reduced volumes shall not be below that required to
maintain capture and removal of effluents from the idle cooking appli-
ances that are operating in a standby mode.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
507.1.1.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: New text prohibits the use of a single sensor
mounted in the common ductwork for commercial kitchen hood systems
Heat Sensors for
having multiple hoods manifolded together. Multiple Commercial
Kitchen Hoods
2015 Code: 507.1.1.1 Multiple Hoods Utilizing a Single Exhaust
System. Where heat or radiant energy sensors are utilized in hood sys-
tems consisting of multiple hoods served by a single exhaust system, such
sensors shall be provided in each hood. Sensors shall be capable of being
accessed from the hood outlet or from a cleanout location.
To fan
Canopy hood
Sensors for automatic operation must be located in each hood served by a common exhaust system.
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Grease
filter
Grease
filter
Range/oven
Range/oven
International Code Council ®
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reproduction or distribution authorized. ANY UNAUTHORIZED REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION IS A VIOLATION OF THE FEDERAL COPYRIGHT ACT AND THE
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Thinkstock
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
510.4, 510.5
CHANGE SUMMARY: Text in previous editions of the code that alluded
to the recirculation of hazardous exhaust has been deleted. The previous ex-
Hazardous Exhaust
ception was too broad in application, so the entire section has been format- Systems
ted to clarify the scope of the exception. Previous item 7 has been revised to
prescribe the method for maintaining continuous negative pressure.
510.4, 510.5 continues
Utility set
exhaust Hoods manifolded together within
fans occupied space are in the same
fire area
Roof
Subduct
22″
2nd
story
Subduct
Floor line
22″
Hazardous
Exhaust duct
Fire area #1
1st
story Hoods in different fire
International Code Council ®
Exhaust
Shaft
Floor line
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510.4, 510.5 continued 2015 Code: 510.4 Independent System. Hazardous exhaust sys-
tems shall be independent of other types of exhaust systems. Incompat-
ible materials, as defined in the International Fire Code, shall not be
exhausted through the same hazardous exhaust system. Hazardous ex-
haust systems shall not share common shafts with other duct systems,
except where such systems are hazardous exhaust systems originating in
the same fire area.
Exception: The provision of this section shall not apply to labo-
ratory exhaust systems where all of the following conditions
apply:
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Hazardous
Shaft Approved exhaust duct
penetration
firestop system
Damper
prohibited
Fire-resistance- International Code Council ®
rated shaft wall
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
514.2
CHANGE SUMMARY: Energy recovery ventilation (ERV) systems of the
coil-type heat exchanger (run-around coils) are no longer limited in their
Energy Recovery
application. Ventilation Systems
Warm
conditioned air
Liquid coil
International Code Council ®
Exhaust air
Heat exchanger
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2015 Code: 601.5 Return Air Openings. Return air openings for
HVAC systems shall comply with all of the following:
Combustion Combustion
air air
Furnaces and air handlers that serve a dwelling cannot also serve a garage and vice versa. Independent systems are required.
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5. Return air taken from one dwelling unit shall not be discharged
into another dwelling unit.
6. Taking return air from a crawl space shall not be accomplished
through a direct connection to the return side of a forced air fur-
nace. Transfer openings in the crawl space enclosure shall not be
prohibited.
7. Return air shall not be taken from a closet, bathroom, toilet room,
kitchen, garage, boiler room, furnace room or unconditioned attic.
Exceptions:
1. Taking return air from a kitchen is not prohibited where such
return air openings serve the kitchen and are located not less
than 10 feet from the cooking appliances.
2. Dedicated forced air systems serving only the garage shall not
be prohibited from obtaining return air from the garage.
1. Less than 10 feet (3048 mm) from an appliance vent outlet, a vent
opening from a plumbing drainage system or the discharge outlet
of an exhaust fan, unless the outlet is 3 feet (914 mm) above the
outdoor air inlet.
2. Where there is the presence of objectionable odors, fumes or flam-
mable vapors; or where located less than 10 feet (3048 mm) above
the surface of any abutting public way or driveway; or where lo-
cated at grade level by a sidewalk, street, alley or driveway.
3. A hazardous or insanitary location or a refrigeration machinery
room as defined in this code.
4. A room or space, the volume of which is less than 25 percent of
the entire volume served by such system. Where connected by a
permanent opening having an area sized in accordance with Sec-
tions 918.2 and 918.3, adjoining rooms or spaces shall be consid-
ered as a single room or space for the purpose of determining the
volume of such rooms or spaces.
Exception: The minimum volume requirement shall not apply
where the amount of return air taken from a room or space is less
than or equal to the amount of supply air delivered to such room
or space.
5. A closet, bathroom, toilet room, kitchen, garage, boiler room,
furnace room or unconditioned attic.
Exceptions:
5.1. Where return air intakes are located not less than
10 feet (3048 mm) from cooking appliances, and serve
the kitchen area only, taking return air from a kitchen
shall not be prohibited.
5.2. Dedicated forced-air systems serving only a garage
shall not be prohibited from obtaining return air from
the garage.
601.5 continues
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Exceptions:
7.1. This shall not apply where the fuel-burning appli-
ance is a direct-vent appliance.
7.2. This shall not apply where the room or space com-
plies with the following requirements:
7.2.1. The return air shall be taken from a room or
space having a volume exceeding 1 cubic foot
for each 10 Btu/h (9.6 L/W) of combined input
rating of all fuel-burning appliances therein.
7.2.2. The volume of supply air discharged back into
the same space shall be approximately equal
to the volume of return air taken from the space.
7.2.3. Return-air inlets shall not be located within
10 feet (3048 mm) of any appliance firebox or
draft hood in the same room or space.
7.3. This shall not apply to rooms or spaces containing
solid-fuel-burning appliances, provided that return-
air inlets are located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm)
from the firebox of the appliances.
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CHANGE TYPE: Clarification
602.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: The revision clarifies that a plenum in a fire area
cannot be connected to a plenum in an adjoining fire area by means of
Plenums Limited
transfer ducts or openings, regardless of the presence of fire dampers. to One Fire Area
2015 Code: 602.1 General. Supply, return, exhaust, relief and ven-
tilation air plenums shall be limited to uninhabited crawl spaces, areas
above a ceiling or below the floor, attic spaces and mechanical equip-
ment rooms. Plenums shall be limited to one fire area. Air systems shall
be ducted from the boundary of the fire area served directly to the air
handling equipment. Fuel-fired appliances shall not be installed within
a plenum.
Air handler
Return air inlet
Roof
Fire barrier
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Concrete
Metal
deck Bar joists
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Section 202
General Definitions
Concrete
Metal
deck Bar joists
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
Table 603.4
CHANGE SUMMARY: The table for duct gages for dwelling units has
been replaced with thicknesses consistent with the SMACNA sheet metal
Duct Construction
construction standard. Minimum Sheet Metal
Thickness for Single
2015 Code: Dwelling Units
TABLE 603.4 Duct Construction Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness
for Single Dwelling Unitsa
Static Pressure
Static Pressure
For SI: 1 inch 5 25.4 mm, 1-inch water gage 5 249 Pa.
a. Ductwork that exceeds 20 inches by dimension or exceeds a pressure of 1-inch
water gage (250 pa) shall be constructed in accordance with SMACNA HVAC Duct
Construction Standards—Metal and Flexible.
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Tapes and mastics used to seal sheet-metal ducts must be listed to UL 181B.
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appliances
Furnace
Furna
ace Water
Wa
heater
Where dampers are installed on combustion air openings, they must be interlocked to shut down appliances when dampers
are closed.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
802.9
CHANGE SUMMARY: To prevent damage to the vent, door or surround-
ing materials, doors are not permitted to swing within 12 inches of an
Door Clearance
appliance vent terminal. to Vent Terminals
2015 Code: 802.9 Door Swing. Appliance and equipment vent ter-
minals shall be located such that doors cannot swing within 12 inches
(305 mm) horizontally of the vent terminal. Door stops or closers shall not
be installed to obtain this clearance.
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Thinkstock
CHANGE TYPE: Addition
1102.3
CHANGE SUMMARY: The requirement for making refrigerant access
ports tamper resistant has been expanded to apply to existing systems
Refrigerant Access Port
when service to such systems involves adding or removing refrigerant. Protection
2015 Code: 1102.3 Access Port Protection. Refrigerant access
ports shall be protected in accordance with Section 1101.10 whenever
refrigerant is added to or recovered from refrigeration or air conditioning
systems.
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T
plicable provisions of the International Fire Code
he International Fuel Gas Code® (IFGC) applies
(IFC). Chapter 8 provides a complete list of standards
to the installation of fuel gas piping systems,
referenced in various sections of the code. ■
fuel gas utilization equipment, gaseous hydro-
gen systems and related accessories. Chapter 1 pro-
vides for the administration and enforcement of the
code, assigning responsibility and authority to the
code official. Chapter 2 contains definitions of terms
specific to their use throughout the code. The general
requirement provisions of Chapter 3 govern the ap-
proval and installation of all equipment and appli-
ances regulated by the code. Requirements for the
design and installation of gas piping systems are set
out in Chapter 4 and include provisions for materials,
components, fabrication, testing, inspection, operation
and maintenance of such systems. The scope of
138
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139
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Exception: Type 1 clothes dryers that are provided with makeup air
in accordance with Section 614.5.
Power burner
International Code Council ®
Combustion air
Combustion air is provided to power burners in accordance with the appliance manufacturer’s
instructions.
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power and mix it with the fuel gas before conveying it to the burner.
Natural-draft appliances take in combustion air by means of the weak
force produced by the natural draft in the venting system only. Clearly
there is a significant difference between the mechanical force of power
burners with combustion air fans and natural-draft appliances that must
rely on the venting system draft to cause combustion air to enter the ap-
pliance. The methods in Sections 304.5 through 304.9 were based on
the physics of natural-draft, fan-assisted and Category I appliances and
therefore failed to account for the nature of powered systems like power
burners. This fact has perplexed designers for many years as they tried to
design combustion air openings for large input boilers and similar appli-
ances that are commonly equipped with power burners. When they used
the sizing rules in the code for combustion air openings in the exterior
wall of a boiler room, for example, the opening size would be so large that
it would be impossible to prevent the freezing of pipes and equipment in
colder climates. The openings to the outdoors were prohibitively large for
such large input power-burner appliances and out of proportion with the
need when considering that power burners mechanically draw in com-
bustion air. When natural draft is depended on, larger openings are neces-
sary to reduce the pressure drop across the openings, but power burners
can tolerate much larger pressure drops, thus allowing smaller openings.
The manufacturer’s instructions for large input power-burner appliances
specify the size of combustion air openings by their own methods. Typi-
cally those methods result in much smaller openings than prescribed in
the code; however, some manufacturers simply refer back to the code in-
stead of offering their own method. A research study demonstrated that
the code-prescribed opening sizing methods were overkill for power-
burner appliances.
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¾″ typical
condensate drain pipe
Internal overflow Pump motor housing
float switch
120 VAC
powercord
Pump discharge
tubing International Code Council ®
Float
Pump
reservoir
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
310.1.1
CHANGE SUMMARY: Text has been added to address the allowable
length of the bonding jumper wire and the methods of making the bond-
Electrical Bonding
ing connections. of Corrugated Stainless
Steel Tubing
2015 CODE: 310.1.1 CSST. Corrugated stainless steel tubing (CSST)
gas piping systems and piping systems containing one or more segments
of CSST shall be bonded to the electrical service grounding electrode sys-
tem. The bonding jumper shall connect to a metallic pipe or fitting be-
tween the point of delivery and the first downstream CSST fitting. The
bonding jumper shall be not smaller than six AWG copper wire or equiva-
lent. Gas piping systems that contain one or more segments of CSST shall
be bonded in accordance with this section.
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310.1.1 continued
CSST
fitting CSST run to appliance
(Alternate clamp
location)
Number 6 AWG
copper conductor
(solid or stranded)
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
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CHANGE SUMMARY: Table 402.2 and the reference to it have been de-
Maximum Gas leted as a result of the code requiring the actual maximum input rating of
Demand for Pipe Sizing the appliances to be known and used for sizing purposes.
Range
60 MBH
Water heater Furnace
45 MBH 140 MBH
Point of
delivery
Gas grill
International Code Council ®
20 MBH
Clothes dryer
40 MBH
Gas piping size is based on the actual maximum input rating of the appliances.
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Portions of the deleted table are not shown for brevity and clarity.
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2 in. IPS SDR 11 MANUFACTURER NAME GAS PE 2708 CEC ASTM D2513 LOT 02JAN98 COIL#
Approved polyethylene gas piping with markings in accordance with the code and ASTM D 2513
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
403.10.4
CHANGE SUMMARY: The code now expressly prohibits the practice of
drilling and tapping pipe fittings in the field except where performed in
Drilled and Tapped
accordance with five criteria that strictly limit such practice. Metallic Pipe Fittings
Thinkstock
6. Aluminum-alloy fittings. Threads shall not form the joint seal.
7. Zinc aluminum-alloy fittings. Fittings shall not be used in
systems containing flammable gas–air mixtures.
Drilling and tapping gas pipe fittings is
8. Special fittings. Fittings such as couplings, proprietary-type limited to 1) work performed by the gas
joints, saddle tees, gland-type compression fittings, and flared, supplier, 2) fittings located outdoors and
flareless or compression-type tubing fittings shall be used within 3) work meeting other prescribed criteria.
the fitting manufacturer’s pressure-temperature recommenda-
tions; used within the service conditions anticipated with respect
to vibration, fatigue, thermal expansion or contraction; installed
or braced to prevent separation of the joint by gas pressure or
external physical damage; and shall be approved.
9. Where pipe fittings are drilled and tapped in the field, the opera-
tion shall be in accordance with all of the following:
9.1. The operation shall be performed on systems having operat-
ing pressures of 5 psi (34.5 kPa) or less.
9.2. The operation shall be performed by the gas supplier or the
gas supplier’s designated representative.
9.3. The drilling and tapping operation shall be performed in
accordance with written procedures prepared by the gas
supplier.
9.4. The fittings shall be located outdoors.
9.5. The tapped fitting assembly shall be inspected and proven to
be free of leakage.
403.10.4 continues
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CHANGE TYPE: Clarification
404.5
CHANGE SUMMARY: This section retains its basic intent, while be-
ing completely reorganized to clarify the correct application. Threaded
Fittings in Concealed
elbows, tees and couplings are now specifically approved for concealed Locations
locations as the code always intended. The code now provides the ap-
plicable referenced standards for fittings that are listed for concealed
locations.
Exceptions:
1. Tubing joined by brazing.
2. Fittings listed for use in concealed locations.
404.5 continues
Threaded tee
International Code Council ®
Threaded elbow
Threaded elbows, tees and couplings for Schedule 40 steel gas piping are
permitted in concealed locations.
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404.5 continued CHANGE SIGNIFICANCE: Rather than listing what is prohibited and
having exceptions, the text has been reformatted to state what is allowed
in concealed locations. The new text lists the four types of allowed fittings:
threaded elbows, tees and couplings; brazed fittings; welded fittings; and
proprietary fittings listed to ANSI LC-1 or ANSI LC-4. By omission, all
other types of fittings are prohibited in concealed locations. In previous
editions of the code, this section has caused interpretation difficulties,
and the new text simply clarifies what has always been the intent.
In future editions of the code, item 1 will likely be revised to add
threaded plugs and caps, as this was revised in ANSI Z223.1. When the
code refers to couplings, those fittings are tapered-thread couplings, not
the straight-thread couplings that are commonly found. See Section 403.9
in the code.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
404.7
CHANGE SUMMARY: The section on protection of piping has been
completely rewritten to address more than just bored holes and notches
Protection of
in structural members. It now addresses piping parallel to framing mem- Concealed Piping
bers and piping within framing members. The new text requires that against Physical
the protection extend well beyond the edge of members that are bored Damage
or notched.
Exception: Black steel piping and galvanized steel piping shall not
be required to be protected.
404.7 continues
≥1½ in.
Wall stud
International Code Council ®
Bottom plate
Floor
sheathing
Elevation view
Floor joist
Concealed gas piping with minimum clearance of 1½ inches does not require
protection.
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404.7 continued 404.7.1 Piping through bored holes or notches. Where piping is
installed through holes or notches in framing members and the piping
is located less than 1½ inches (38 mm) from the framing member face to
which wall, ceiling or floor membranes will be attached, the pipe shall be
protected by shield plates that cover the width of the pipe and the fram-
ing member and that extend not less than 4 inches (51 mm) to each side
of the framing member. Where the framing member that the piping passes
through is a bottom plate, bottom track, top plate or top track, the shield
plates shall cover the framing member and extend not less than 4 inches
(51 mm) above the bottom framing member and not less than 4 inches
(51 mm) below the top framing member.
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
404.18
CHANGE SUMMARY: The code now specifically prohibits the practice
of using fuel gas as a medium for flushing foreign matter and debris from
Pipe Cleaning
fuel-supply piping.
Here or here
1 ft
max
Rigid steel pipe
1 ft Line pressure
max regulator
(MP)
At least one union, installed upstream or downstream, is required for an MP regulator connected to
rigid piping.
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Natural gas hose and connector for portable outdoor gas appliance
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Commercial cooking appliances with casters require an ANSI Z21.69 appliance connector with a
restraining device installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
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Min. 12 in
Dwelling
unit
Sun room
To prevent damage,vent terminals must be located so doors cannot swing within 12 inches.
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2015 CODE: 503.4.1 Plastic piping. Plastic piping used for venting
appliances listed for use with such venting materials shall be approved.
Where plastic piping is used to vent an appliance, the appliance shall be
listed for use with such venting materials and the appliance manufac-
turer’s installation instructions shall identify the specific plastic piping
material.
Grade
International Code Council ®
Category IV
high-efficiency
condensing furnace
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2015 CODE: 503.6.9.3 Category II, III and IV appliances. The siz-
ing of gas vents for Category II, III and IV appliances shall be in accor-
dance with the appliance manufacturer’s instructions.
The sizing of plastic pipe that is specified by the appliance manufac-
turer as a venting material for Category II, III and IV appliances, shall be
in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Category IV
high-efficiency
condensing furnace
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
503.8
CHANGE SUMMARY: Text has been added to address the location of
sidewall vent terminals with respect to adjoining buildings. Previous edi-
Venting System
tions of the code were silent on this subject, and the appliance manufac- Termination Location
turer’s instructions are typically silent as well.
Openable
window
≥10 ft
International Code Council ®
Grade
Minimum 10-foot horizontal separation required between vent terminal and opening
of adjacent building
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CHANGE TYPE: Addition
614.5
CHANGE SUMMARY: New text recognizes the use of dryer exhaust duct
power ventilators (DEDPVs) for installations that exceed the allowable
Dryer Exhaust Duct
exhaust duct length for clothes dryers. Power Ventilators
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614.5 continued
Backdraft
damper
Termination
hood
4-in.-dia. smooth
Screen not
metal dryer duct
Dryer
Installation of dryer exhaust duct power ventilator (DEDPV) in accordance with manufacturer’s
instructions to increase allowable length of dryer exhaust duct
times and cause the dryer to be inefficient and waste energy. Dryer ex-
haust systems are commonly installed improperly with excessive lengths,
too many elbows and the wrong duct materials. Because of the high inci-
dence of reported dryer fires, the code strictly regulates the installation.
DEDPVs are listed to a revised version of UL705 that now contains tests
and construction requirements that are specific to these devices. DEDPVs
have been around for years, but until recently, were not listed to a na-
tional consensus standard that was specific to these devices. The UL705
standard contains requirements for the construction, testing and installa-
tion of DEDPVs and requires them to be equipped with features such as
interlocks, limit controls, monitoring controls and enunciator devices to
make certain that the dryers or dryer operators are aware of the operating
status of the DEDPVs.
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CHANGE TYPE: Modification
623.2
CHANGE SUMMARY: The code has been clarified so that it would not
inadvertently prohibit the installation of cooking appliances that are
Prohibited Location
listed as both commercial and domestic appliances. of Commercial
Cooking Appliances
2015 Code: 623.2 Prohibited location. Cooking appliances de-
signed, tested, listed and labeled for use in commercial occupancies shall
not be installed within dwelling units or within any area where domestic
cooking operations occur.
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A Building sewer
junction, 51
Access port protection, 137
replacement of, 57
Air
Butt heat fusing method, 7
balance, for commercial kitchen ventilation systems,
118
combustion, for power burner appliances, 140–41 C
outdoor, 90–91
recirculation of, 87 Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) plastic pipe,
Alternate onsite nonpotable water, 4 35, 148
ANSI Z21.69 connectors, 161 Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride/aluminum/chlorinated
Appliances polyvinyl chloride (CPVC/AL/CPVC)
commercial cooking water service and water distribution piping, 35
connectors for, 160–61 Clamps, for connecting bonding jumper, 145
prohibited location of, 171 Cleanout plugs, 51–52
plastic piping for venting, 164–65 Clothes washer discharge interceptor, 70
portable outdoor, connecting, 158–59 Combustion air, for power burner appliances, 140–41
power burner, combustion air for, 140–41 Commercial cooking appliances
Asbestos cement pipe, 36 connectors for, 160–61
ASHRAE 170, 85–86 prohibited location of, 171
ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1, deck-mounted bath/ Concealed locations, fittings in, 151–52
shower transfer valves, 27 Condensate pumps, in uninhabitable spaces, 84, 142
ASME A112.19.14, water closet approval, 24 Connection devices, for bonding, 143
ASME A112.36.2M, floor cleanout assemblies, 52 Cooking appliances, 101–2
ASSE 1070, footbaths, pedicure baths and head Corrugated stainless steel tubing (CSST)
shampoo sinks, 26 bonding connections, 143, 145
ASTM D 2513, gas and, 148 bonding jumper length, 143, 145
ASTM D 2564, solvent cementing, 49 connection devices, 143
ASTM E 84, materials within plenums, 128 electrical bonding of, 143–45
ASTM F 1476, grooved and shouldered mechanical Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) plastic valves, 40
joints, 37 CSA B125.3, footbaths, pedicure baths and head
ASTM F 2831, epoxy internal lining system, 32 shampoo sinks, 26
B D
Backflow preventer, 5–6 Dampered openings, 134
Backwater valve, 54–55 Deck-mounted bath/shower transfer valves, 27
Barrier type trap seal protection device, 66 Definitions, International Plumbing Code (IPC)
Bathtub floors, 23 alternate onsite nonpotable water, 4
Bonding connections, of corrugated stainless steel backflow preventer, 5–6
tubing, 143 drinking fountain, 11–12
Bonding jumper fats, oils and greases disposal system, 13
clamps for connecting, 145 mechanical joint, 7
length, 143 toilet facility, 8
Bored holes, piping through, 154 waste receptor, 9–10
Brass cleanout plugs, 51 water cooler, 11–12
Building drain, 51 water dispenser, 11–12
173
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LICENSE AGREEMENT, AND SUBJECT TO CIVIL AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES THEREUNDER.
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, International Mechanical Code (IMC)
return air openings for, 124–25 access, 82
Hinged up-blast fans, for Type l hood, 110 commercial kitchen hoods
Hot water distribution system, 41 air balance for, ventilation systems, 118
Hub drains, 9–10, 60–61 exhaust hood system operation, 113–14
Hydromechanical grease interceptors, 13 heat sensors for multiple, 115
in-line fan location in exhaust ducts serving, 109
condensate pumps in uninhabitable spaces, 84
I
dampered openings, 134
IAPMO/ANSI Z100, grease interceptors, 67 domestic kitchen hoods, 101–2
In-line fan location, in exhaust ducts, serving multistory buildings, kitchen exhaust systems in,
commercial kitchen hoods, 109 103–5
Incompatible materials, for hazardous exhaust door clearance to vent terminals, 135
systems, 120–21 drain line maintenance, condensation, 83
Indirect waste pipe, 9–10 dryer exhaust duct installation, 100
Interceptors and separators, venting of, 71 dryer exhaust duct power ventilators, 98–99
International Building Code (IBC) duct construction minimum sheet metal thickness
dampered openings, 134 for single dwelling units, 131
domestic cooking hoods, 102 enclosed parking garages, ventilation system for, 93
grease duct enclosures, 108 energy recovery ventilation systems, 123
guards, 80 fall-arresting restraint systems, 80–81
hazardous exhaust duct penetration of shafts, 122 gasketed fireplace doors, 136
plenum construction, 128 grease duct
plumbing fixtures determination, minimum number cleanouts and openings, 107
of, 16 enclosures, 108
International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), 41, reservoirs, 106
85, 136 hazardous exhaust systems, 119–21
International Fuel Gas Code (IFGC) duct penetrations of shafts, 122
commercial cooking appliances joints, seams and connections, 132–33
connectors for, 160–61 materials within plenums, 130
prohibited location of, 171 mechanical exhaust system discharge, 94–95, 96–97
condensate pumps, 142 outdoor air and local exhaust airflow rates, 90–91
corrugated stainless steel tubing, electrical bonding overview of, 77–79
of, 143–45 plenum construction, 128–29
door clearance to vent terminals, 162–63 recirculation of air, 87–89
dryer exhaust duct power ventilators, 169–70 refrigerant access port protection, 137
fittings in concealed locations, 151–52 return air openings, 124–25
maximum gas demand for pipe sizing, 146–47 Type l hood
medium-pressure regulators, 156–57 grease filters, 116
metallic pipe fittings, drilled and tapped, 149–50 hinged up-blast fans for, 110
overview of, 138–39 installation, 111–12
pipe cleaning, 155 ventilation requirement, 85–86
plastic piping International Plumbing Code (IPC)
tubing and fittings, 148 alternate onsite nonpotable water, 4
for venting appliances, 164–65 asbestos cement pipe, 36
portable outdoor appliances, connecting, backflow preventer, 5–6
158–59 backwater valve, 54–55
power burner appliances, combustion air for, cleanouts for drainage and waste systems, 51–53
140–41 clothes washer discharge interceptor, 70
protection of concealed piping against physical combined sanitary and storm public sewer, 48
damage, 153–54 deck-mounted bath/shower transfer valves, 27
sizing of plastic pipe vents, 166 directional signage, 19
venting system termination location, 167–68 drinking fountain, 11–12
International Green Construction Code (IgCC), 24 food-handling equipment, 58–59
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Pedicure baths, 26 R
Pedicure station exhaust rate, 92, 96–97
Recirculation of air, 87
Pipe bursting method, sewers replacement by, 57
Reclaimed water
Pipe cleaning, 155
definition, 4
Pipe sizing, maximum gas demand for, 146–47
supplied trap-seal primer valve, 65–66
Piping
Refrigerant access port protection, 137
through bored holes or notches, 154
Rehabilitation of piping systems, 32
discharge, requirements for, 29
Replacement air, 118
grease interceptors discharge, direct connect
Restroom directional sign, 19
of, 68
Roof drains, flow rate, 72–74
installed in other locations, 154
Roof extension, 62
lead content of drinking water pipe and fittings,
33–34
nonpotable water identification, 45–46 S
plastic, 164–65
sizing of, 166 Safe Drinking Water Act, 34
tubing and fittings, 148 Sanitary and storm public sewer, 48
protection of, against physical damage, 153 Sanitary drainage, grease interceptors discharge, 68
roof drain flow rate, 72–74 Semirigid metallic tubing, 158, 161
sewers replacement, by pipe-bursting method, 57 Sewage backflow, 54
solvent cementing PVC, 49–50 Sewers, replacement of, by pipe-bursting
systems, rehabilitation of, 32 method, 57
temperature rating of drainage, 47 Shield plates, 154
waste water supplied trap primer device, 66 Shower floors, 23
Plenums. See also Duct(s) Significant Changes to the International Building
construction materials, 128–29 Code, 102
limited to fire area, 127 Significant Changes to the International Fire Code,
materials within, 130 102
Plumbing appurtenance, fats, oils and greases (FOG) Sinks, food-handling equipment, 58–59
disposal system, 13 SMACNA Duct Construction Standards, 104
Plumbing fixtures Socket heat fusion method, 7
determining minimum number of, 16 Solvent cementing PVC piping, 49–50
drinking fountain Standard flush volume, 24
substitute drinking water, 11–12 Standpipes, 10, 61
water dispenser, 11–12 Storage tank hot water circulation systems, 41–42
sewage backflow, 54 Storm drain pipe sizing, 73
temperature-limiting devices, 26
Polypropylene (PP) plastic valves, 40
T
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), 148
piping, solvent cementing, 49–50 Temperature maintenance system, hot water,
plastic valves, 40 41–42
Portable outdoor appliances, connecting, 158–59 Termination location, venting system, 167–68
Potable water supply Thermal expansion control, 43
backflow preventer, 5 Tight-fitting dampers, 136
trap-seal primer valve, 65 Toilet facility, 8
Power burner appliances, combustion air for, Traps
140–41 for parking garage, 64
Press-connect joints, 37–38 seal protection against evaporation, 65–66
Public nuisance, 94–95 Type II hood installation, 111–12
Public sewer system, 48 Type I hood, 113
Public toilet facilities, 17–18 grease filters, 116–17
directional signage to, 19 hinged up-blast fans for, 110
Pumps, condensation of, 142 installation, 111–12
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U W
UL 181A, duct joints seams, and connections, 133 Wall area, 23
UL 2043, materials within plenums, 130 Waste receptors, 9–10, 60–61
UL 705, 99, 170 Waste systems, cleanouts for, 51–53
UL 1795, whirlpool tub approval, 25 Waste water supplied trap primer device, 66
Up-blast fans, 110 Water closet. See also Toilet facility
approval of, 24
Water cooler, 11–12
V
Water dispenser, 11–12
Vacuum drainage systems, 56 Water heater
Valves, 40 drain valves, 28
Vent pan drain termination, 30
definition of, 165 thermal expansion control, 43
door clearance to terminals, 135, 162–63 Water service pipe, 36
terminations, to outdoors, 62–63 Water supply distribution
Ventilation requirement, 85–86 drinking fountain, 11
Ventilation system, 90–91 lead content of drinking water pipe and fittings,
air balance for commercial kitchen, 118 33–34
enclosed parking garages, 93 nonpotable water identification, 45–46
intermittent operation of, for enclosed parking water cooler, 11
garages, 93 Water-temperature-limiting devices, for footbaths and
outdoor air, 90–91 head shampoo sinks, 26
Venting of interceptors and separators, 71 Whirlpool tub approval, 25
Venting system termination location, 167–68
Vertical leader sizing, 75–76
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