A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN BIOLOGY FOR GRADE EIGHT

ROSEMARIE A. ABAO
FEBRUARY 1, 2018
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of a 60-minute period, the Grade Eight students should achieve the
following with 75% proficiency level:
1. Describe the transfer of energy in trophic levels
2. Explain the importance of the transfer of the energy from one organism to
another
II. SUBJECT MATTER
TRANSFER OF ENERGY IN TROPHIC LEVELS
A. Reference
Science 8 Learner’s Module. Campo, Pia C. et al. 2013. P273
B. Materials
Visual aids, pictures, video clip, manila paper, markers
C. Ideas
Producers- autotrophs or the organisms that can produce their own food through
photosynthesis
Consumers- heterotrophs or the organisms that can’t produce their own food
and feed on the producers or other consumers
Food chain- a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a
source of food
Food web- a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains
Symbiosis- relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together
Biomass- the total mass of organisms in a food chain or a food web
D. Processes
Describing, identifying
E. Values
Collaboration
III. PROCEDURE
A. Preliminary Activities
1. Prayer
2. Checking of the attendance
3. Checking of the assignment
4. Review of the past lesson
B. Motivation
Pictures
 C. Lesson Proper
TEACHER ACTIVITY
Let’s start our class with a prayer.
(A student will lead the prayer)
Good afternoon class.
Before you sit down, please arrange your
chairs and pick up pieces of paper.
Class monitor, please check the attendance.
Please pass your assignments forward.
What was our lesson yesterday?
Have you learned anything from the report
yesterday? If yes, kindly tell me about it.
Today, we’re going to continue the lesson.
And these will be our objectives for today.
Kindly read everyone.
Thank you. At the end of this period, you are
expected to be able to describe the transfer of
energy through the trophic levels and explain
its importance to all organisms, including us
humans.
In yesterday’s report, we encountered a lot of
terms and one of them was ecosystem. What
is ecosystem?
Okay, so an ecosystem doesn’t only include
the biotic and abiotic factors but also the
interactions between each other.
Some interactions are beneficial, some can
be harmful to the other organisms and there
are interactions where organisms neither
benefitted nor harmed.
Interaction with other species is important for
survival. The quote “No man is an island”
doesn’t only apply to humans, but also to all
organisms. We need each other to survive.
To survive, what do you think is our most
essential need in our everyday life?
STUDENT ACTIVITY
Good afternoon ma’am Rose.
Good afternoon ma’am Jean.
Good afternoon classmates.
Mabuhay!
Yesterday, the reporters talked about
the interactions in the ecosystem such
as mutualism, commensalism,
predation, parasitism, and competition.
They also reported about the food
chain which shows the
interdependence of a series of
organisms.
The Grade Eight students should be
able to:
Describe the transfer of energy through
the trophic levels
Explain the importance of the transfer
of the energy from one organism to
another
Includes all the living things in an area,
interacting with each other, and with
their non-living environment.
Our most essential need is food and
water.
Why do we need to eat food?
So, in an ecosystem, what are the main
sources of energy?
That’s right. Because of that, plants and other
autotrophs are called as producers.
They can make their own food through the
process of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis class?
So that makes the sun the ultimate source of
energy in the ecosystem.
But you see, I don’t eat fruits and vegetables.
I only eat chicken meat and beef. Does that
mean I won’t survive because I did not obtain
energy from the plants?
Very good. So, it means that there is a flow of
energy from the producers to the consumers.
What are consumers again class?
There are kinds of consumers. The primary
consumers, the secondary consumers,
tertiary consumers and the quaternary or
apex predators.
What are examples of each one of them and
why do you think they belong to that group?
Our example has formed a food chain.
I will properly illustrate it so you will
understand.
Now, let’s do a group activity. We will divide
the class into 3 (count off).
To obtain nutrients and energy that will
enable us to move, grow, repair
damaged tissues and reproduce.
The main sources of energy are plants
and other autotrophs because they are
the only ones that can produce their
own food.
Photosynthesis is the process where
the energy from the sun and raw
materials such water and CO2 are
converted by autotrophs into chemical
energy and store it as glucose.
That’s not true ma’am because
chickens and cows eat plants, so the
energy from the plants must have
transferred to their own bodies.
Likewise, as you ate their meat, the
energy from the plants that was
transferred to their body must have
transferred to yours.
Consumers are organisms that can’t
produce their own food and must eat
other organisms to obtain nutrition and
energy.
Rabbits are primary consumers
because they primarily eat plants as
food. If that rabbit is eaten by a snake,
it makes the snake a secondary
consumer and if the snake is eaten by
an eagle, the eagle would be a tertiary
consumer.
For each group, I will give an envelope that (Students may ask for further
contains pictures of animals. You will have to instructions)
imagine a scenario where the animals interact
with each other in a food web.
Paste your work on the manila paper
provided. Put arrows to indicate interaction
and label which trophic level does the animal
belong to.
You will be given 3 minutes to complete your
work and after that, your group representative
shall present your work in front. Is everything
understood?
So, this will be the rubrics for our activity.
(Explain rubric)
Criteria 5 3 1
Content All answers 1-2 answers Most
are correct incorrect answers
incorrect
Communication Reporter Reporter Reporter
Skills has has has low
confidence confidence confidence
and but and
presents in occasionally speaks in
fluently in speaks in vernacular
English. vernacular.
Collaboration All 1-2 Most
members members members
participated did not did not Each group representative will present
participate participate
their work.
You may start your work.
(3 min. is up)
Please post your work on the board. Each organism can support the
Each representative will be given 1 minute so biomass of the next trophic level which
keep your explanations short and concise. is 10% of its own biomass. So if there
(Gives scores and comments) is 20,000 kg of carrots, it can sustain
2,000 kg of rabbits. In turn, the 2,000
kg of rabbits, can sustain only 200 kg
Now, who can come here in front and create of the biomass of the snakes, so on
a pyramid of biomass out of this food chain? and so forth.
How about the energy pyramid? Not 100% of the energy from a trophic
level can be transferred to the
organisms of the next level. After all,
not all parts of plants and animals are
eaten by the consumers.

Producers have the greatest biomass

and the greatest energy.
 The quaternary consumers have the
least biomass and have the least
energy.

Let’s look again at the two pyramids. Which

organisms have the greatest biomass? The Only 1%
least biomass?
Which organisms have the greatest energy?
The least energy?

So, imagine how much energy will you get if

you are strictly carnivorous?
No ma’am.
That’s right. It could be only 1% or even
lesser. That is why it is not good to eat meat
all the time. We also need to eat vegetables
and fruits because other than how they can
provide a greater amount of energy they also
provide vitamins and nutrients needed by our
body.
From now on, are you still going to eat only
meat all the time?
That’s good.

D. Generalization
What is the importance of the transfer of energy between each organism?
E. Application
If one organism is removed from the web of interconnected feeding relationship,
how will it affect the other organisms and us humans?
IV. EVALUATION
Formative Test
Identification
V. ASSIGNMENT