INTRODUCTION

Organic farming is primarily required for sustainable agricultural production. To

reach 1 billion population it took hundreds and thousands of years, and in less than
200 years that has increased to 7.5 billion people. As population grows farming
practices have become more extreme to crop yields. Organic farming covers only
one percent of agricultural land worldwide, it focuses on sustainability and has
thought to have less affect on the environment on conventional farming. This
concept introduced to overcome the environmental crisis that we are facing today.

But this is not a perfect solution, according to this concept it should not use
chemical fertilizers, herbicides, no pesticides and no additives. It requires farmers
to use natural alternatives, but this result in low yields, but the product produced
using this technique is more profitable or valuable because consumers believe that
the product produced is of a higher quality. Instead of fertilizers manure is used,
this recycles waste and greatly improves the structure of the soil. Due to practice of
organic farming land is smelly, it is also difficult to practice this technique
compared to normal type of farming. Organic farming reduces the deceases of
product produced and also helps to maintain the healthiness of the soil, this also
increases the nitrates in the soil, this makes the soil much fertile. This also
increases the micro organisms in the soil, this micro organisms helps to grow much
nutritious fruits and vegetables and also helps to hold the moisture content in the
soil.
It is said that in organic farming it is not compulsion that not to use chemicals,
chemicals can be used for some extent because without using some chemicals the
yield may get lower than the expectation. But some chemicals cannot be used in
organic farming because the quality may get decreased. I have seen that many
farmers are getting huge amount of profit with the practice of organic farming.
Suddenly farmer cannot get the profit in organic farming, it is time consuming but
after few time it is more profitable to him. By consuming food which are produced
with organic farming is very delicious as well as healthy to our body. By
consuming the food which are produced by using chemicals and pesticides may
make us sick and our immunity may get decreased.

What is organic farming?

Organic farming system in India is not new and is being followed from ancient
time. It is a method of farming system which primarily aimed at cultivating the
land and raising crops in such a way, as to keep the soil alive and in good health by
use of organic wastes (crop, animal and farm wastes, aquatic wastes) and other
biological materials along with beneficial microbes (biofertilizers) to release
nutrients to crops for increased sustainable production in an eco friendly pollution
free environment.

As per the definition of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) study
team on organic farming “organic farming is a system which avoids or largely
excludes the use of synthetic inputs (such as fertilizers, pesticides, hormones, feed
additives etc) and to the maximum extent feasible rely upon crop rotations, crop
residues, animal manures, off-farm organic waste, mineral grade rock additives and
biological system of nutrient mobilization and plant protection”.

“Organic agriculture is a unique production management system which promotes

and enhances agro-ecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological cycles and
soil biological activity, and this is accomplished by using on-farm agronomic,
biological and mechanical methods in exclusion of all synthetic off-farm inputs”.