Title: Quality Control for oil and grease by using Department Of Environment (DOE)

as reference method.
Objective: To evaluate by using quality control solution for oil and grease method by
following the analytical procedure given.
Introduction
Oil and grease measure the total oil and grease in palm oil mill effluent. Oil is organic
material which not dissolve in water in room temperature while grease organic material
which not dissolve in water and semi solid and solid in room temperature. Oil and
grease.
The quality control solution for oil and grease need to be evaluate. If the total oil and
grease of the quality control solution exceeds the control limits, mean ± 3, then the
corrective and measures will be carried out to reanalyse the quality control solution.
Quality control is important in an analysis as the process and procedures are designed
to ensure that the result of laboratory analysis to be consistent, comparable, accurate
and has a specific limit of precision
Total oil and grease can be measured by using this formula:
Total oil & grease (mg/L) = (A - B) x 1000000 / C
Where,
A = weight of basin after distillation
B = Weight of empty basin
C = volume of sample used 500 mL

Apparatus Chemical reagent

Measuring cylinder Concentrate sulphuric acid
Separatory funnel Hexane
Measuring cylinder Sodium sulphate
500 mL beaker Cooking oil
Vaccum pump
Oven
Desiccator
Procedure
1. empty basin was dried in oven with 106 ℃ about 1 hour. Then cooling down in
dessicator for 1 hour.
2. the empty basin was weighed, and the weight was recorded. (weight of empty basin)
3. Cooking oils was dropped on the empty basin and the weight was recorded.
4.separatory funnel was rinsed with distilled water. Separatory was filled with 500 mL
distilled water.
5. basin that contain cooking oil mix with 5 mL hexane then poured into separatory
funnel. add with 30 mL hexane.
6. the separatory funned was shaked vigorously about 2 minutes.
7. the 2 layer of mixture was formed in separatory funnel. the bottom layer was drained
out and the upper layer was filter using filter paper Whatman no 4, the filtrate was
collected in the basin.
8. the basin then was put into the water bath and wait until dried and no droplet of
water inside the basin.
9.basin was put into oven with 106 ℃ about 1 hour. Then, cooling down in desiccator
about 1 hour.
10. The basin was weighed after 1 hour from desiccator, after weighing for the first
time the basin was put into desiccator and weigh again until the value of weight
become constant.
Result and calculation
Total Oil &
A (g) A (g) B (g)
Grease
Weight 1 Weight 2
(mg/L)
Blank 1 30.0303 30.0299 30.0279 -
QC 1 25.9574 25.9574 25.9374 40.0
QC 2 28.4829 28.4827 28.4652 35.0
QC 3 26.2191 26.2191 26.2005 37.2
QC 4 28.1296 28.1298 28.1105 38.6
QC 5 27.3990 27.3990 27.3766 44.8

Total Oil & Grease (mg/L) = (B – A) x 1000000 / C

Where,
A = weight of basin after distillation
B = Weight of empty basin
C = volume of sample used 500 mL
Quality Control 1
Oil & Grease (mg/L) = (25.9574– 25.9375) x 1000000 / 500 = 40.0
Quality control 2
Oil & Grease (mg/L) = (28.4827– 28.4652) x 1000000 / 500 = 35.0
Quality control 3
Oil & Grease (mg/L) = (26.2191– 26.2005) x 1000000 / 500 = 37.2
Quality control 4
Oil & Grease (mg/L) = (28.1298– 28.1105) x 1000000 / 500 = 38.6
Quality control 5
Oil & Grease (mg/L) = (27.3990– 27.3766) x 1000000 / 500 = 44.8
Mean = 39.12
Standard deviation
Standard deviation
𝑥̅ 𝑥 − 𝑥̅ (𝑥 − 𝑥̅ )
40.0 0.88 0.774
35.0 -4.12 16.97
37.2 -1.92 3.686
38.6 -0.520 2.270
44.8 5.78 33.41
51.11

51.11
SD = √ 5−1 = 3.77

Discussion
The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate quality control solution for total oil
and grease by following the analytical procedure given. Based on the result of total oil
and grease mg/L is 40.0,35.0,37.2,38.6 and 44.8 for QC 1,2,3,4 and 5 respectively.
The range of quality control is 33.79 < 41.03 < 48.28. Based on the result. The mean
of the data is 39.12 it lower than the mean for quality control data before. The standard
deviation for this data is 3.77 means the data is widely spread from the mean and got
less precise.

Based on the observation and calculation made, the reason why the value is
out from range is due to the way of handling the apparatus is wrong and sometimes
the residues from the measuring cylinder is not fully rinse. Besides, the value of sample
to be out of range can happen due to the basin is not fully rinse with the hexane. The
oil on the basin need to be rinse to make sure the data for the final result is not effected.

There are several precaution steps that need to be taken to help minimized
errors and increase the accuracy of result such as making sure while taking the
measurement on the measuring cylinder, the eye is need to perpendicular line of
meniscus on measuring cylinder.

Conclusion
Based on the result all the value of the quality control sample is in range, based on
the standard deviation the data for this analysis is widely spread than the quality
control before.

Reference

Test Method of Oil and Grease by using department of environment as reference

method (DOE) Jabatan Kimia Malaysia Cawangan Tawau, Sabah.
 LABORATORY REPORT
INSDUSTRIAL TRAINING

JABATAN KIMIA MALAYSIA CAWANGAN TAWAU, SABAH

‘QUALITY CONTROL OF OIL AND GREASE

(BY USING DEPARTMENT OF ENVIROMENT AS REFERENCE

METHOD’

EVA LIZWINA MATIN

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOUR) IN CHEMISTRY

UNIVERSITY TECHNOLOGY MARA (UiTM) SAMARAHAN II, SARAWAK