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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

STUDY OF INSTALLATION AND EXECUTION WORK IN POST


TENSIONED SLABS
P Jeevana
MALLAREDDY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Mail id : jeevana994@gmail.com

Guide Details: K. B. R Prasad Reddy, assistant professor


Dr. M. Vishweshwara Rao, associate professor
Mail id : kbrprasadreddy@gmail.com

Abstract
Post-Tensioning is a method of reinforcing concrete, masonry and other structural elements.
Post-Tensioning is a procedure of pre-stressing. Pre-confused concrete or masonry has interior
stresses (forces) brought on into it for the period of the construction segment for the cause of
counteracting the predicted external loads that it's going to stumble upon throughout its life
cycle. Post-Tensioned reinforcing consists of very high strength steel strands or bars A normal
steel strand used for post-tensioning has a tensile strength of 1860 N/mm2. In comparison, a
ordinary non-pre-stressed piece of reinforcing bar (rebar) ordinarily has a tensile strength of
about 600 N/mm2.In this project, we have now visible and studied totally some works on the
web page related to post tensioned slabs. the required strength, probably about seventy 5% of its
final strength, then the pre-stressing approach start The concrete grade that was once used to be
M35 and hence, after 7 days when it executed the strength of 25 N/mm2, these checks are carried
out at transfer, during construction (and under working load conditions We have designed the
post tensioned slabs of the building using standard methodology and compared with the drawings
available. It is found that the design adopted by the builders is fairly in agreement with our
design.
1.0 Introduction
The present report is based on the project work on “study of Installation and Execution work in
Post Tensioned Slabs”. The site was a commercial complex at ‘Madina Guda’. The building
proposed is on a site with an area of 13888 sq ft. and is 2 cellars + G + 4 building. This was taken
up by the company “Crux Pre stressing Systems Pvt. Ltd.” for Padma chambers Pre-stressed
concrete is basically concrete in which indoors stresses of an appropriate magnitude and
distribution are provided simply so the stresses ensuing to outside hundreds are counteracted to a
desired diploma. In bolstered Concrete people, the pre-stress is most customarily delivered by
way of the use of tensioning the steel reinforcement.
Post tensioning:

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

When a concrete slab is stressed by the post-tensioning method, in that method the steel is in
tension and the concrete is compression. Compression pressure ends in crushing of something,
wherein a stress is a force that attracts something apart. As a building material, concrete may be
very strong in compression. Steel could be very robust in tension.
Post tensioning slabs:
Post tensioning is a procedure of reinforcing concrete and other material with the help of bars
commonly known as tendons. Post tensioned slabs are flat slabs bonded beams. They are the
thinnest slab type. In post tensioned slabs concrete is kept under compression in order to achieve
longer spans due to pre stresses. Post tensioned slabs are level chunks reinforced bars. They are
the thinnest slab type compose. In post tensioned pieces concrete is maintained under pressure in
control to accomplish longer ranges due to pre stresses. In post tensioned slabs we utilize high
quality tensioned steel strands to pack the sections keeping larger part of the solid in pressure.
The utilization of material is effective and economical.

Figure: Post tensioning slabs


Scope:
Scope of this report includes in improving the ability of the material for energy absorption under
impact loads. In this report all of the forces produced by post tensioning, especially those in
anchorage zones and regions of tendon curvature. The basic principles are also applicable to
external tendons and cable anchorages. Especially corrosion protection, removable anchors, and
is to increase profits by helping to avoid costly errors and by encouraging and to design more
post-tensioned structures.
2.0 literature review:
Pre-confused Concrete is concrete wherein there have been added internal forces of such
significance and distribution that the forces attributable to given external loading are
counteracted to an applicable desirable degree'. In put up-tensioning When Eugene Freyssinet
advanced and patented the method of pre-stressing concrete in 1928 he little found out the
programs to which his invention would be installed future years. Growth inside the use of pre-
stressed concrete came about after the Second World War with the material used to repair and
reconstruct bridges in Europe and America. It is now a customary Civil Engineering production
material.

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

Rahul Choat (2017) a comparative study on distinct slabs. Post-tensioning may be proven by
means of placing wing nuts on both cease of the elastic band and winding the elastic band so that
the squares are driven firmly collectively. In the event that one holds the wing nuts next to
winding, the pieces will stay straight. The constant elastic band is almost same to a submit
tensioning tendon that has been extended via strain driven jacks and is held installation by
wedge-sort securing gadgets.
S.M. Nethravathi (2017) a observation of un-bonded put up tensioned forged-in-area parking
floor subjected to various preparations of tendon layout based on FEM evaluation. Modeling and
evaluation of submit-tensioned flat plate is executed by using SAFE software. Equivalent
hundreds primarily based on cable profiles are carried out to the flat plate consistent with the
tendon format. Design moments, provider moments, hyper-static moments, quick time period
deflection, long time deflection, and punching shear are as compared for the diverse tendon
layouts at service and ultimate limit state.
Shriraj S. Malvade (2017) a test contemplates on level slabs. These pieces have been ended up
being the most temperate when contrasted with the RCC sections. In post-tensioned section high
quality tensioned steel strands are utilized to pack the chunk, keeping most of the solid in
pressure. The principle goal of this paper is to give a survey on the reaction and conduct
properties of Post tensioned level section amid seismic tremor and contrast and typical level
chunk. An investigation on examination and conduct of Post-tensioned level section is been done
in this proposition.
3.0 basic concept of pre-tensioning
In the pre-tensioning device the tendon are first tensioned between rigid anchor block forged at
the floor or in a column or unit –mould- kind pre-tensioning mattress, prior to the casting of the
concrete in moulds. A usual column type pre-tensioning be, the tendons comprising man or
woman wires or the stands are stretched with regular eccentricity or variable eccentricity with
tendon anchorages at one give up and jacks at other, with the concrete is cast around the stressed
tendon High early electricity concrete is regularly used in a factory to facilitate early stripping
and reuse of mold, while the concrete attains sufficient power.
Principles of post tensioning:
In post – tensioning the concrete units are first cast by method for incorporating ducts or hooves
to house the ligaments. At the point when the concrete accomplishes enough quality, the extreme
pliable wires are tensioned buy strategy for hack bearing at last face of the part and moored by
method for wedges or nuts, the powers are transmitted to the concrete by the quit safe havens and
while the link is bended, trough the radial stress between the link and conduit, the separation
among the ligaments and the channel is regularly grouted after the tensioning activity. Most of
the commercially partend pre-stressing systems are based on the following principles of
anchoring tendons:
 Wedge action producing a frictional grip on the wires.

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

 Direct bearing from rivet or bolt heads formed at the end of the wires.
 Looping the wires around the concrete.
Beams: For beams, the downside of decreased eccentricity is typically less suggested, due to the
more depth of pass segment. Bonded tendons can then be extra low-cost than unbonded ones,
considering that one tendon then includes many strands, giving a better pre-stressing pressure
according to anchorage. In the evaluation among bonded and un bonded structures, one must also
don't forget the structural importance of bond, mainly in remaining restriction states. The
negative aspects of unbonded systems from this factor of view have to be taken under
consideration in layout. Therefore bonded systems are preferred.
The Freyssinet anchorage system:
Which is widely utilized in Europe and India, comprise of a cylinder with a conical inside by
means of which the high-elastic comprises of a chamber with a cone shaped inside through
which the high pliable wires pass and towards the dividers of which the wires are wedged by
means of a cone shaped fitting lines longitudinally with sections to habitation the wires as
demonstrated The fundamental advantage of the Freyssinet gadget is that a massive range of
hydraulic hack.

Figure: The Freyssinet anchorage system


Materials
All the materials should be ready at the site. Everything will be brought on day one of execution
except Concrete. Concrete will come in Ready Mix trucks on the day of pouring concrete into the
reinforcement.
The main materials
High grade Concrete
Steel Fe 450, Fe 415 (8 φ,10 φ,12 φ,16φ)
Ducts for tendons (Aluminum, HDPE pipe)
The lifeless cease and live ends are chosen for every tendon profile. Any undulations on the
formwork base can be hammered and need to be wiped clean very well to get rid of any sort of
dust particles that could have stumble upon it at some stage in the direction of execution within
the preliminary stages.
Concrete pouring:

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

Tests were conducted on M35 to acquire the great viable design mix. Through the IS technique
of mix layout, proportions were given and with the equal proportions, cubes were prepared and
then tested for the compressive strength on the stop of 28 days.
Mix Design:
Concrete blend layout is the science of identifying relative proportions of ingredients of concrete,
to reap the favored residences inside the most little expensive way. It need to be borne in mind
that mix design while adopted at web site must be carried out with proper information and with
necessary precautions.
Mix design of M35
Grade of Concrete: M35
Characteristic Strength (Fyk): 35 MPa
Standard Deviation: 1.91 MPa
Target Mean Strength:
T.M.S. =Fyk +1.65 x S.D. (from I.S 456-2000) = 35+ 1.65×1.91 = 38.15 Mpa
Test Data for Material:
Aggregate Type: Crushed
Specific Gravity Cement: 3.15
Coarse Aggregate: 2.67
Fine Aggregate: 2.62
Water Absorption
Coarse Aggregate: 0.5%
Fine Aggregate: 1.0 %
Mix Design:
Take Sand content as percentage of total aggregates = 36%
Select Water Cement Ratio = 0.43 for concrete grade M35
Select Water Content = 172 Kg
(From IS: 10262 for 20 mm nominal size of aggregates Maximum Water Content = 186 Kg/m3)
Hence, Cement Content= 172 / 0.43 = 400 Kg /m3
Table Mix proportions of M35:

Water Sand 20mm 10mm Admix


W/C
400 0.43 172 635 619 564 1.2
1 0.43 1.6 1.547 1.36 0.003

4.0 Losses in post tensioning slabs


 The maximum pre-stress is limited to values, which are given in codes. As an example
the following stress values can be mentioned:
 Maximum stress during tensioning: Ϭp≤0, 90˙fyk and ≤ 0, 80˙fuk
 Maximum stress after tensioning and anchoring: Ϭp≤0, 85˙fyk and ≤ 0, 75˙fuk

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

Here fyk and fuk are the characteristic values of yield and ultimate tensile strength respectively.
For common types of strands, the maximum stresses will be around 1500 and 1400 MPa
respectively.
Time-dependent losses
The pre-stress will decrease with time because of shrinkage and creep inside the concrete, in
addition to rest of the ligaments.
σcp
Δσp =Ex εcs +Ex ϕ E +ϰσsp
c
The bodily that means of the simple expression is easy: the essential two expressions
unequivocal the strain diminish due to concrete shortening from shrinkage and creep separately,
the 1/3 day and age communicates the strain diminish as a result of pre-stress metallic
unwinding, given by utilizing the coefficient.
Table: observations of compressive strength test:
Specimen Trials Mean Value
Load on cubes, kN 1 2 3 4 5 703.65

697.5 670.5 722.25 701.25 726.75

Compressive Strength = 703.65 x 1000 = 33.27 kN/mm2 In reality, for post tensioned concrete,
certain strength enhancing admixtures and mineral additives are added mainly such as Cubes 100
which will enhance the strength to a great extent. However, for conventional purpose, the general
M35 design has proportions 1:1:2.
Design of post tension slabs:
Post tensioning slabs of the building in Madina guda considered for the challenge are designed
adopting the above techniques and the outcomes are given below. We have designed the post
tensioned slabs of the building the use of preferred technique and in comparison with the
drawings available.

Input

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

Properties of material
Span length in vertical direction 𝐿𝑥 = 11 m
Span length in longitudinal direction Ly =11.5 m
Grade of steel Fck = 40 KN/m2
fp = 1600 KN/m2
Ec = 38 KN/m2
Imposed load = 3 KN/m2
Floor load = 1 KN/m2
Effective span of slab (𝐋𝐲 /𝐋𝐱 )
Ly 11.5
= =1.04 (Hence it is a two way slab)
Lx 11
Thickness of slab
span 1100
= = = 220mm
50 50
Fck = 40 KN/m2 fp = 1600 N/m2
Ec = 38 KN/m2
Conclusion:
 There is a definite trend towards huge spans in buildings because of the truth that there is
now more emphasis on presenting big uninterrupted ground space that can result in
higher condominium returns.
 Post-tensioning is an economical way of attaining those larger spans. For spans 7.5
meters and over, post-tensioning will actually be financial and, as the spans growth, so do
the savings.
 The quantity of pre-stressing steel is 4 Kg/m2 for post-tensioned flat slab and 3.2 Kg/m2
for post-tensioned slab with reinforced concrete beams i.e. the pre-stressing steel required
for the post-tensioned flat slab is greater.
 The reinforcing steel required for the post-tensioned flat slab and post- tensioned slab
with reinforced concrete beam is 15 Kg/m2 and 20.15 Kg/m2 respectively.
 The reinforcing steel is more in case of post-tensioned slab with reinforced concrete
beams because the slab transfers the load on the beam and more loads is taken by the
beams itself.
 If we consider the period of construction for a floor it is less in case of post- tensioned flat
slab than the other cases as the post-tensioning allows the earlier removal of the
formwork. In case of post-tensioned slab with reinforced concrete beams the formwork of
slab can be removed earlier but the formwork for the reinforced concrete beams cannot be
removed earlier.
References:
[1] Nethravathi S.M,and Darshan prasad ‘Analysis and Comparative Study of Unbonded Post-
tensioned Cast-In-Place Parking Floor on the Effects of Tendon Layout using Safe’ in july 2017

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International Journal of Research ISSN NO:2236-6124

R.K Jnanesh Reddy, Pradeep A R Comparative Study of Post Tensioned and RCC Flat Slab in
[2] Multi-Storey Commercial Building International Research Journal of Engineering and
Technology (IRJET) in june 2017
[3] Shriraj S. Malvade , P.J. Salunke Analysis of Post-Tensioned Flat Slab by using SAFE
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-3,
March 2017

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