HASIL PENGAMATAN
A. Hasil Pengamatan
Arus Defleksi Penuh Basic Meter (Ifs) = 1 x 10-4 A
Sensitivitas Basic Meter (S) = 1/10-4 = 10.000 Ω/V
Batas Ukur Basic Meter (Vfs) = 10 V dan 100 mV
Resistansi Internal Basic Meter (RM) = S x V = 100.000 Ω dan
1000 Ω
Resistansi Internal Voltmeter Digital (RM) = 10 MΩ
1. Untuk R1 = |100 ± 5| Ω dan R2 = |100 ±5| Ω
Tabel 1.1 Besar tegangan Jepit R1 dan R2 pada Basic Meter dan Multimeter
Digital
Tegangan Tegangan R1, Tegangan R2,
|100 ± 5| |100 ± 5| 2 |1,0 ± 0,1| |0,9 ± 0,1| |0,8 ± 0,1| |0,8± 0,1|
|100 ± 5| |100 ± 5| 2 |0,02 ± 0,01| |1,70 ± 0,01| |1,8 ± 0,1| |1,0 ± 0,1|
4 |0,04 ± 0,01| |3,70 ± 0,01| |3,8 ± 0,1| |3,9 ± 0,1|
B. Analisis Data
Basic Meter
1. Tegangan Ideal
Kegiatan 1, Pengukuran untuk R1 = 100 Ω dan𝑅2 = 100 Ω
a. Untuk R1 = |100 Ω ± 5%| dengan Vs = |2.0 + 0.1| volt
1) Tegangan Ideal (VIdeal )
R1
(VIdeal = Vs (R )
1 +R2
100 Ω
(VIdeal = 2 Volt (100 Ω+100 Ω)
(VIdeal = 1 Volt
2) Ketidakpastian (∆𝑉Ideal )
dVIdeal dVideal dVIdeal
dVIdeal = | | dR1 + | −1
| d(R1 + R 2 ) + | | dVS
dR1 d(R1 + R 2 ) dVS
d(Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 ) d(Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 )
dVIdeal = | | dR1 + | | d(R1
dR1 d(R1 + R 2 )−1
d(Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 )
+ R2) + | | dVS
dVS
dVIdeal = |Vs. (R1 + R 2 )−1 |dR1 + |Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−2 )|d(R1 + R 2 )
+ |R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 |dVS
dVIdeal Vs. (R1 + R 2 )−1 Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−2 )
= | | dR1 + | | d(R1 + R 2 )
VIdeal Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1
R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1
+ | | dVS
Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1
dVIdeal dR1 d(R1 + R 2 ) dVS
= | |+ | |+ | |
VIdeal R1 R1 + R 2 Vs
∆R1 ∆(R1 + R 2 ) ∆VS
∆VIdeal = {| |+ | |+ | |} Videal
R1 R1 + R 2 VS
5Ω ∆(5 Ω + 5 Ω) 0.1 Volt
∆VIdeal = {| | + | | + | |} 1 Volt
100 Ω 100 Ω + 100 Ω 2 Volt
∆VIdeal =0.15 Volt
3) Kesalahan Relatif (KR)
∆VIdeal
KR = X 100 %
VIdeal
0.15 Volt
KR = X 100 %
1 Volt
KR = 15% ……………………….. (2AB)
4) Pelaporan Fisika (PF)
PF = |VIdeal ± ∆VIdeal | Volt
PF = |1.0 ± 0.1| Volt
Dengan cara yang sama untuk pengukuran selanjutnya diperoleh dalam bentuk table berikut ini:
Kegiatan Resisstansi Tegangan Tegangan ∆𝐕𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐥 KR (%) AB Pelaporan
(Ω) Sumber Ideal Vth (Volt) Fisika 𝐕𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐥
Vs (Volt) (Volt) (Volt)
2 1 0.15 15 2 |1.0 ± 0.1|
R1 = 100 Ω 2 2 0
1 3 3 0
1 0.9 10
R2 = 100 Ω
2 1.8 10
3 2.6 13.33333333
0.002 0.9 99
1 0.00002 70
R1 = 100000 2 0.00004 20
Ω
3 0.00006 10
3
1 1.8 70
R2 = 100000
2 3.8 15
Ω
3 5.8 46.66666667
1. Presentase Perbedaan
Kegiatan 1. Pengukuran untuk R1 = 100 Ω dan R2 =100 Ω
a. Pengukuran R1 = 100 Ω dengan VS = │2.0 ± 0.1│volt
VAB − VBM
% Diff = | | × 100 %
̅
V
0.99950025 − 1
% Diff = | | × 100 %
0.999750125
% Diff = 0.04998741 %
Dengan cara yang sama untuk pengukuran selanjutnya diperoleh dalam bentuk
table berikut ini:
Resistansi ̅
Kegiatan VAB VBM 𝐕 % Diff
(Ω)
0,99950025 1 0.999750125 0.04998749
R1 = 100 1,9990005 2 1.89950025 10.47646611
Ω
2,99850075 3 2.999250375 0.04998749
1
0,99950025 0.9 0.899750125 22.17285049
R2 = 100
1,9990005 1.8 1.99950025 0.04998749
Ω
2,99850075 2.6 2.999250375 0.04998749
0.001818347 0.9 0.000919174 195.6482644
R1 = 100 0.003636694 1.9 0.001838347 195.6482644
Ω
0.005445949 2.2 0.002752975 195.6410784
2
1.81652861 0.9 1.808264305 0.914059408
R2 =
3.633057221 1.9 3.716528611 4.49190082
100000 Ω
5.449594923 2.3 5.624797462 6.2296479
2.99850075 0.00002 0.483333334 75.86206901
R1 = 0.666666667 0.00004 1.466666667 18.1818182
100000 Ω
1.333333333 0.00006 2.35 29.787234
3
2 1.8 0.483333334 75.86206901
R2 =
0.666666667 3.8 1.516666667 24.1758242
100000 Ω
1.333333333 5.8 3.2 75
Multimeter Digital
1. Tegangan Ideal
Kegiatan 1, Pengukuran untuk R1 = 100 Ω dan𝑅2 = 100 Ω
a. Untuk R1 = |100 Ω ± 5%| dengan Vs = |2.0 + 0.1| volt
1) Tegangan Ideal (VIdeal )
R1
VIdeal = Vs ( )
R1 + R 2
100 Ω
VIdeal = 2 Volt ( )
100 Ω + 100 Ω
VIdeal = 1 Volt
2) Ketidakpastian (∆𝑉Ideal )
dVIdeal dVideal dVIdeal
dVIdeal = | | dR1 + | | d(R 1 + R 2 ) + | | dVS
dR1 d(R1 + R 2 )−1 dVS
d(Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 ) d(Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 )
dVIdeal = | | dR1 + | | d(R1
dR1 d(R1 + R 2 )−1
d(Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 )
+ R2) + | | dVS
dVS
dVIdeal = |Vs. (R1 + R 2 )−1 |dR1 + |Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−2 )|d(R1 + R 2 )
+ |R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 |dVS
dVIdeal Vs. (R1 + R 2 )−1 Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−2 )
= | | dR1 + | | d(R1 + R 2 )
VIdeal Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1 Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1
R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1
+ | | dVS
Vs. R1 (R1 + R 2 )−1
dVIdeal dR1 d(R1 + R 2 ) dVS
= | |+ | |+ | |
VIdeal R1 R1 + R 2 Vs
∆R1 ∆(R1 + R 2 ) ∆VS
∆VIdeal = {| |+ | |+ | |} Videal
R1 R1 + R 2 VS
5Ω ∆(5 Ω + 5 Ω) 0.1 Volt
∆VIdeal = {| | + | | + | |} 1 Volt
100 Ω 100 Ω + 100 Ω 2 Volt
∆VIdeal =0.15 Volt
3) Kesalahan Relatif (KR)
∆VIdeal
KR = X 100 %
VIdeal
0.15 Volt
KR = X 100 %
1 Volt
KR = 15% ……………………….. (2AB)
4) Pelaporan Fisika (PF)
PF = |VIdeal ± ∆VIdeal | Volt
PF = |1.0 ± 0.1| Volt
Dengan cara yang sama untuk pengukuran selanjutnya diperoleh dalam bentuk table berikut ini:
Kegiatan Resistansi Tegangan Tegangan ∆𝐕𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐥 KR (%) AB Pelaporan Fisika
(Ω) Sumber Ideal Vth (Volt) 𝐕𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐚𝐥 (Volt)
Vs (Volt) (Volt)
2 1 0.15 15 2 |1.0 ± 0.1|
R1 = 100 Ω 2 1.8 10
1 3 3.1 3.333333333
1 0.8 20
R2 = 100 Ω
2 2 0
3 3 0
0.002 0.0017 15
4. Presentase Perbedaan
Kegiatan 1. Pengukuran untuk R1 = 100 Ω dan R2 =100 Ω
a. Pengukuran R1 = 100 Ω dengan VS = │2.0 ± 0.1│volt
VAB − VDMM
% Diff = | | × 100 %
̅
V
0.999995 − 0.99
% Diff = | | × 100 %
0.9499975
% Diff = 10.52 %
Dengan cara yang sama untuk pengukuran selanjutnya diperoleh dalam bentuk
table berikut ini:
Kegiatan Resistansi ̅
VAB VDMM 𝐕 % Diff
(Ω)
0,99950025 0.9 0.9499975 10.52581717