BAB IV FIX-1 Coper Stabilitas PRINT
BAB IV FIX-1 Coper Stabilitas PRINT
4.2. Kontrol Stabilitas Terhadap Guling, Geser dan Daya Dukung Tanah
Dalam perencanaan konstruksi bendung, faktor keamanan harus diperhitungkan.
Untuk mengetahui keamanan tubuh bendung harus diadakan cek stabilitas. Di dalam
analisa stabilitas dilakukan kontrol terhadap gaya guling, geser dan daya dukung tanah.
Stabilitas terhadap guling
Keadaan Normal
SF = MT / MG > 1.5
Keadaan Gempa
SF = MT / MG > 1.3
Sf = (f . ∑ V) / ∑ H > 1.5
Keadaan Gempa
Sf = (f . ∑ V) / ∑ H > 1.3
maka :
σmax / min = (∑ V / L) . [1 ± (6.e)/ L] < σijin
Apabila :
e = | (∑ M / ∑ V) – (L/2) | > L/6
maka :
σmax / min = 2 . ∑ V/ [ 3 . (L/2 ± e ) . B ] < σijin
Tekanan tanah
Tekanan Tanah Statis
Pa = Ka . ∂t . h2 + ½ . Ka . ∂t . h2
Tekanan Tanah Dinamis
Pd = 0,5 . ∂t . ce
Perhitungan :
Ka = 1 – sin = 1 – sin 38 = 0.238
1 + sin 1 + sin 38
Kp = 1 / Ka = 1 / 0.238 = 4,204
f = tg = tg 38 =
t = [( 1 + w ) / ( 1 + e)]. w. Gs
e = (w . Gs) / Sr ; Sr = 1
w = (e . Sr) / Gs = 0.27 / 2.25 = 0.120
t = [(1 + 0.120)/ (1 + 0.27)] . 1 . 2.25 = 1,9843 t/m3
sat = [w . (Gs + 1)] / (1+e)
= [1. (2,25 + 1)] / ( 1 + 0.27)
= 2.559
sub = sat - w
= 2.559– 1 = 1.559 t/m3
Syarat aman : max < ijin
G9
G8
G10
W2 G12
W1
Pw G7 G13
G6
G 11
G15
+840.280
G 14
A
G3
K L
Pa G 16
G1 G2 G H G4 G5 G 17
BCEF I J M N +838.404
G 19 G20 G26
+838.168 B'
G 22 G 27
G23
O P G 18
Pp
G21 G24 G25
V W
X Y A'
Q RT U
Z
A S
L
Ph1 H Ph4
Ph3
I
BC M N
Ph 5
O P
Ph6 W
Ph8
X Y
Q R
Ph 2
Ph9
Ph 7
Z
S
K
Ph12
G
Ph11
E F J
B'
Ph 16
V
Ph 14
Ph10 A'
U
T
Ph15
Ph13
Z
S
C J L N P R
BEF G H I K M O Q T U V WX Y
Pv10
Pv1
Tabel 4.4. Momen Guling Akibat Tekanan Air dan Gaya Horizontal
Jarak Momen
Notasi Volume/m panjang γ Gaya (t)
(m) Guling
0. 0.80 4.52
Ph1 ( x ) 1.811 1 1.811 0.333 0.603
5 0 7
0. 3.53 3.86
Ph3 ( + ) x 0.500 1.850 1 0.101 0.339 0.034
5 6 5
0. 2.45
Ph6 ( 2.110 + ) x 0.520 1.187 1 1.187 0.020 0.024
5 3
0. 2.23 2.56
Ph7 ( + ) x 0.500 1.200 1 1.200 0.533 0.639
5 5 5
0. 1.24 1.55
Ph9 ( + ) x 0.500 0.500 1 0.500 0.522 -0.261
5 4 3
0.
Pa x Ka x γt x h2
5
0. 0.30 2.01
x x x 0.64 0.198 0.198 0.333 0.066
5 7 6
0.
Pw x γw x h2
5
0. 1.00 16.0
x x 8.000 8.000 1.535 12.280
5 0 0
Jumlah 12.997 13.386
Sumber : Hasil perhitungan
Tabel 4.5. Momen Tahan Akibat Tanah Pasif dan Gaya Horizontal
Jarak
Notasi Volume/m panjang γ Gaya (t)
(m)
Momen Tahan
Pp 0.5 x Kp x γsub x h2
0.5 ( 3.255 x 1.578 ) x 0.64 1.644 1.644 0.428 0.703
Ph2 0.5 ( 4.470 + 3.763 ) x 0.500 2.058 1 2.058 0.329 0.676
Ph4 0.5 ( 3.683 + 3.264 ) x 0.313 1.086 1 1.086 0.434 0.471
Ph5 0.5 ( 3.264 + 2.375 ) x 0.499 1.406 1 1.406 0.001 -0.002
Ph8 0.5 ( 2.383 + 1.712 ) x 0.500 1.024 1 1.024 0.514 0.527
Jumlah 7.217 2.376
G8
G10
W2 G12
W1
Ps Pw G7 G 13
G6
G11
G15
+840.280
G14
A
G3
K L
Pa G16
G1 G2 G H
G4 G5 G17
B CE F I J M N +838.404
G19 G20
+838.168 G26
B'
G22 G27
G23
O P G18 Pp
G21 G24 G25
V W
X Y A'
Q RT U
Z
A S
L
Ph 1 H Ph4
Ph3
I
BC M N
Ph5
O P
Ph 6 W
Ph 8
X Y
Q R
Ph 2
Ph 9
Ph 7
Z
S
K
Ph 12
G
Ph 11
E F J
B'
Ph16
V
Ph14
Ph 10 A'
U
T
Ph 15
Ph 13
Z
S
C J L N P R
BEF G H I K M O Q T U V WX Y
Pv10
Pv 1
Tabel 4.9. Momen Guling Akibat Tekanan Air dan Gaya Horizontal
Gaya Jarak Momen
Notasi Volume/m panjang γ (t) (m) Guling
Ph1 0.500 ( 0.800 x 4.527 ) 1.811 1.000 1.811 0.333 0.603
Ph3 0.500 ( 3.536 + 3.865 ) x 0.500 1.850 1.000 1.850 0.339 0.034
Ph6 0.500 ( 2.110 + 2.453 ) x 0.520 1.187 1.000 1.187 0.020 0.024
Ph7 0.500 ( 2.235 + 2.565 ) x 0.500 1.200 1.000 1.200 0.533 0.639
Ph9 0.500 ( 1.244 + 1.553 ) x 0.500 0.500 1.000 0.500 0.522 -0.261
Pa 0.500 x Ka x γt x h2 0.000
0.5 x 0.307 x 2.016 x 0.64 0.198 0.198 0.333 0.066
Pw 0.500 x γw x h2 0.000
0.5 x 1.000 x 16.00 8.000 8.000 1.535 12.280
2
Ps 0.5 x γt x h x Ka 1
0.5 x 2.015625 x 16.00 x 0.307 4.955 1 4.955 1.533 7.595
Jumlah 19.701 20.981
Sumber : Hasil perhitungan
Tabel 4.10. Momen Tahan Akibat Tanah Pasif dan Gaya Horisontal
Notas Jarak Momen
i
Volume/m panjang γ Gaya (t)
(m) Tahan
0.
Pp x Kp x γsub x h2
5
0. 3.25
( x 1.578 ) x 0.64 1.644 1.644 0.428 0.703
5 5
0. 4.47
Ph2 ( + 3.763 ) x 0.500 2.058 1 2.058 0.329 0.676
5 0
0. 3.68
Ph4 ( + 3.264 ) x 0.313 1.086 1 1.086 0.434 0.471
5 3
0. 3.26
Ph5 ( + 2.375 ) x 0.499 1.406 1 1.406 0.001 -0.002
5 4
0. 2.38
Ph8 ( + 1.712 ) x 0.500 1.024 1 1.024 0.514 0.527
5 3
Jumlah 7.217 2.376
Sehingga :
max = 2,909 ( 2,425) = 7,057 t/m2
min = 2,909 ( -0,425 ) = -1,238 t/m2
Syarat aman : max < ijin
Sehingga :
( c . Nc ) + ( ∂ sat . D . Nq ) + ( 0,5 . ∂ sat . N ∂ )
ijin = fk
=
=
MPd = 7/12 x H2 x w x Kh
dimana : Kh =
cos (θ +θ0 ) cos (θ+θ0 )−√ cos2 (θ +θ0 )−cos 2 θ
x
cos 2 θ cos (θ+θ0 )+ √ cos (θ+θ0 )+cos 2 θ
Koefisien gempa (ka’) =
W5
W3 W4
W6
G9 W7
G8 W8
G10
W2 G 12
W1
Pd Ps Pw
G7 G13
G6
G11
G15
+840.280
G14
A
G3 W9
K L
Pa G16
G1 G2 G H G4 G5 G 17 W15
W13
B CE F I J M N W10 W 12 0,236 m W14 +838.404
G20
W 11 +838.168 G 26 B'
A
L Z
Ph1 H Ph4 S
Ph3
I M
BC N
Ph5
O P
Ph6 W
Ph8
X Y
Q R
Ph2
Ph9
Ph7
Z
S
K
Ph12
G G5
Ph11
E F J
B'
Ph16
V
Ph14
Ph10
U A'
T
Ph15
Ph13
Z
S
C J L N P R
BEF G H I K M O Q T U V WX Y
Pv1
Gambar 5.3. Sketsa Stabilitas Bendung Pada Kondisi Air Banjir, Penuh Sedimen dan Gempa
Tabel 4.11. Jalur Rembesan dan Tekanan Air
Panjang Rembesan DH =
Titik Garis H P = H - DH
Vertikal Horizontal 1/3 . Horiz Lw Lw/Cw
A 0.000 0.000 5.051 0.000
A- B 0.800 0
B 0.000 0 0.800 0.347 5.851 5.504
B-C 0.000 0.5 0.167
C 0.000 0 0.967 0.419 5.851 5.432
C-D 0.250 0
D 0.000 0 1.526 0.661 5.334 4.673
D-E 0.000 0.3536 0.118
E 0.000 0 2.192 0.950 5.334 4.384
E-F 0.000 2 0.667
F 0.000 0 2.692 1.167 5.834 4.667
F-G 0.500 0
G 0.000 0 3.226 1.398 5.834 4.436
G-H 0.000 1.6 0.533
H 0.000 0 3.538 1.534 5.521 3.988
H-I 0.313 0
I 0.000 0 4.185 1.814 5.521 3.707
I-J 0.000 1.9042 0.635
J 0.000 0 4.684 2.030 5.023 2.993
J-K 0.000 0
K 0.000 0 5.462 2.367 5.023 2.656
K-L 0.000 0 0.000
L 0.000 0 5.982 2.593 5.543 2.950
L-M 0.000 0
M 0.000 0 6.619 2.869 5.543 2.674
M-N 0.000 0 0.000
N 0.000 0 7.119 3.086 6.043 2.957
N-O 0.000 1.6
O 0.000 0 7.652 3.317 6.043 2.726
O-P 0.000 0 0.000
P 0.000 0 8.152 3.534 5.543 2.010
P-Q 0.000 0
Q 0.000 0 9.526 4.129 5.543 1.414
Q-R 0.000 0 0.000
R 0.000 0 10.085 4.371 6.043 1.672
R-S 0.000 0
S 0.000 0 10.251 4.443 6.043 1.600
S-T 0.000 0 0.000
T 0.000 0 11.367 4.927 4.927 0.000
Jumlah 60.442
Sumber : Hasil perhitungan
Cw =
Tabel 4.12. Momen Tahan Akibat Tubuh Bendung dan Gaya Vertikal
Gaya Jarak Momen
Notasi Volume per meter γ
(t) (m) Tahan
G1 0.300 x 0.750 x 1.000 0.225 2.4 0.540 11.112 -6.000
G2 0.500 x 0.500 x 1.000 0.250 2.4 0.600 11.237 -6.742
G3 0.250 x 0.500 x 1.000 0.125 2.4 0.300 10.904 -3.271
G4 2.000 x 0.300 x 1.000 0.600 2.4 1.440 9.737 -14.021
G5 1.600 x 0.803 x 1.000 1.285 2.4 3.085 7.939 -24.492
G6 1.940 x 0.499 x 1.000 0.967 2.4 2.322 6.175 -14.336
G7 4.000 x 3.967 x 1.000 15.869 2.4 38.086 5.326 -202.854
G8 0.259 x 3.967 x 1.000 1.027 2.4 2.464 3.866 -9.527
G9 0.129 x 0.017 x 1.000 0.002 2.4 0.005 3.917 -0.020
G10 0.129 x 0.017 x 1.000 0.002 2.4 0.005 3.833 -0.020
G11 0.590 x 0.089 x 0.500 0.026 2.4 0.063 3.411 -0.214
G12 0.590 x 0.089 x 1.000 0.052 2.4 0.126 3.093 -0.389
G13 0.949 x 0.700 x 1.000 0.665 2.4 1.595 3.426 -5.466
G14 2.300 x 0.949 x 1.000 2.183 2.4 5.240 3.263 -17.098
G15 2.300 x 1.831 x 1.000 4.211 2.4 10.105 2.177 -21.995
G16 2.777 x 0.964 x 1.000 2.677 2.4 6.424 2.342 -15.045
G17 1.911 x 0.528 x 1.000 1.009 2.4 2.422 1.914 -4.637
G18 0.769 x 0.964 x 0.500 0.370 2.4 0.889 0.698 0.621
G19 1.031 x 0.769 x 1.000 0.792 2.4 1.902 0.568 1.080
G20 0.185 x 0.231 x 1.000 0.043 2.4 0.102 0.092 -0.009
G21 0.185 x 0.800 x 1.000 0.148 2.4 0.355 0.092 -0.033
G22 0.800 x 0.649 x 1.000 0.519 2.4 1.246 0.325 0.404
G23 0.408 x 0.082 x 1.000 0.033 2.4 0.080 1.717 0.138
G24 0.408 x 0.408 x 0.500 0.083 2.4 0.200 1.894 0.378
G25 4.870 x 0.300 x 1.000 1.461 2.4 3.506 3.084 10.814
G26 0.316 x 0.632 x 0.500 0.100 2.4 0.240 5.227 1.253
G27 0.082 x 0.316 x 1.000 0.026 2.4 0.062 5.478 0.339
G28 0.250 x 0.500 x 0.500 0.063 2.4 0.150 4.936 0.740
G29 0.250 x 0.500 x 1.000 0.125 2.4 0.300 5.269 1.581
G30 0.250 x 0.500 x 1.000 0.125 2.4 0.300 5.269 1.581
Wa1 4.000 x 3.500 x 1.000 14.000 1.0 14.000 4.812 -67.374
Wa2 4.000 x 4.000 x 0.500 8.000 1.0 8.000 9.737 -77.895
Wa3 6.348 x 1.069 x 1 6.783 1.0 6.783 8.313 -56.384
Wa4 1.135 x 0.198 x 0.5 0.113 1.0 0.113 4.761 -0.536
Wa5 1.135 x 0.870 x 1 0.988 1.0 0.988 4.517 -4.462
Wa6 0.959 x 0.647 x 0.5 0.310 1.0 0.310 3.684 -1.142
Wa7 0.959 x 0.207 x 1 0.198 1.0 0.198 3.524 -0.699
Wa8 0.829 x 0.441 x 0.5 0.183 1.0 0.183 3.321 -0.607
Gaya Jarak Momen
Notasi Volume per meter γ
(t) (m) Tahan
Wa9 0.592 x 0.441 x 0.5 0.130 1.0 0.130 2.848 -0.372
Wa10 0.592 x 0.272 x 0.5 0.081 1.0 0.081 2.764 -0.223
Wa11 4.172 x 0.436 x 1 1.817 1.0 1.817 1.319 -2.396
Wa12 0.340 x 0.272 x 0.5 0.046 1.0 0.046 0.042 0.002
Wa13 0.231 x 0.151 x 1 0.035 1.0 0.035 0.078 0.003
Wa14 0.816 x 0.246 x 0.5 0.100 1.0 0.100 0.712 0.071
Wa15 0.162 x 0.816 x 1 0.132 1.0 0.132 0.563 0.075
Wa16 0.705 x 0.426 x 0.5 0.150 1.0 0.150 1.441 0.216
Wa17 0.057 x 0.082 x 1 0.005 1.0 0.005 1.323 0.006
Wa18 0.426 x 0.082 x 0.5 0.017 1.0 0.017 1.731 0.030
Wa19 0.426 x 0.082 x 1 0.035 1.0 0.035 1.717 0.060
Wa20 0.408 x 0.300 x 0.5 0.061 1.0 0.061 2.030 0.124
Wa21 0.408 x 0.483 x 1 0.197 1.0 0.197 1.962 0.387
Wa22 0.741 x 0.503 x 0.5 0.186 1.0 0.186 2.660 0.495
Wa23 0.741 x 1.917 x 1 1.420 1.0 1.420 2.563 3.639
Wa24 1.887 x 0.339 x 0.5 0.320 1.0 0.320 4.168 1.334
Wa25 1.887 x 1.696 x 1 3.201 1.0 3.201 3.855 12.342
Wa26 1.723 x 0.716 x 1 1.233 1.0 1.233 5.158 6.361
Wa27 0.634 x 0.312 x 0.5 0.099 1.0 0.099 5.015 0.496
Wa28 0.408 x 0.408 x 0.5 0.083 2.0 0.166 2.030 0.338
Jumlah 124.161 -513.354
Sumber : Hasil perhitungan
Tabel 4.15. Momen Tahan Akibat Tanah Pasif dan Gaya Horisontal
Gaya Jarak Momen
Notasi Volume/m panjang γ (t) (m) Tahan
Pp 0.5 x Kp x γsub x h2
0.5 ( 3.255 x 1.578 ) x 0.64 1.644 1.644 0.428 0.703
Ph2 0.5 ( 5.432 + 4.673 ) x 0.500 2.526 1 2.52 0.331 0.837
Ph4 0.5 ( 4.436 + 3.988 ) x 0.313 1.316 1 1.316 0.435 0.573
Ph5 0.5 ( 3.707 + 2.993 ) x 0.499 1.670 1 1.670 0.012 0.019
Ph8 0.5 ( 2.726 + 2.010 ) x 0.500 1.184 1 1.184 0.512 0.606
Jumlah 8.340 2.739
Sumber : Hasil perhitungan
tanah =
=
Sehingga :
max =
min =
Syarat aman : max < ijin
( c . Nc ) + ( ∂ sat . D .Nq ) + ( 0,5 . ∂ sat . N ∂ )
ijin = fk
dengan :
fk : faktor keamanan
c : angka kohesi
D : dalam pondasi
sat
Sehingga :
( c . Nc ) + ( ∂ sat . D . Nq ) + ( 0,5 . ∂ sat . N ∂ )
ijin = fk
=
=
max =
min =