Autor:
Asesor:
Lima – Perú
2018
Practica:
Para la sección de la columna que se muestra en la figura, determine los siguientes
puntos del diagrama nominal de interacción.
Carga concéntrica
Condición balanceada
Tracción Pura
Grafique el diagrama de interacciones
𝐹𝑦 = 4200 𝐾𝑔/𝑐𝑚²
𝐴𝑠𝑡 = 8 ø 5/8"
𝐸𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 3/8"
Donde:
𝐴𝑔 : 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 : 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑚𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎
Calculo:
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.01 × (30𝑐𝑚 × 40𝑐𝑚)
𝐴𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 12𝑐𝑚²
12𝑐𝑚2
= 7.55𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜
1.59𝑐𝑚2
Donde:
Calculo:
𝑃0 = 0.85 × 350 𝐾𝑔/𝑐𝑚² × ((30𝑐𝑚 × 40𝑐𝑚) − (8 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 × 1.59𝑐𝑚2 )) + (8 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 × 1.59𝑐𝑚2 ) × 4200 𝐾𝑔/𝑐𝑚²
𝑃0 = 406639.8𝑘𝑔 = 406.64𝑇𝑜𝑛
𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.85 × 𝑃0
Donde:
Calculo:
𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 354.64𝑇𝑜𝑛
𝑇 = −𝐴𝑠 × 𝐹𝑦
Donde:
𝑇: 𝑇𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎
Calculo:
𝑇 = −53424𝑘𝑔 = −53.42𝑇𝑜𝑛
2.3. Carga balanceada:
Hallar R:
ø𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑎𝑙
𝑅 = 𝑟 + ø𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑜 +
2
Donde:
𝑟: 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒 4𝑐𝑚
ø𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑜 : 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑜
ø𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑎𝑙 : 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑎𝑙
Calculo:
1.59𝑐𝑚
𝑅 = 4𝑐𝑚 + 0.95𝑐𝑚 +
2
𝑅 = 5.75𝑐𝑚
Donde:
𝑑: 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜
𝐻: 𝐿𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑎 (𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑜)
Calculo:
𝑑 = 40𝑐𝑚 − 5.75𝑐𝑚
𝑑 = 34.25𝑐𝑚
Donde:
Calculo:
40𝑐𝑚 − (2 × 5.75𝑐𝑚)
𝑋=
(3 − 1)
𝑋 = 14.25𝑐𝑚
Calculo:
(0.003 + 0.002) 0.003
=
34.25𝑐𝑚 𝐶
𝐶 = 20.55𝑐𝑚
ℎ𝐸𝑁 = 𝑑 − 𝐶
Donde:
Calculo:
ℎ𝐸𝑁 = 34.25𝑐𝑚 − 20.55𝑐𝑚
ℎ𝐸𝑁 = 13.7𝑐𝑚
𝑆𝑖: 𝜀 ≥ 0.002 𝐹𝑠 = 𝐹𝑦
𝑇 = 𝐹𝑦 × 𝐴𝑠
𝑇 = 𝐸𝑠 × 𝜀𝑠 × 𝐴𝑠
Analizando la zona a compresión:
𝐻
h𝐸𝑁−ε2 = 𝐶 −
2
40𝑐𝑚
h𝐸𝑁−ε2 = 20.55𝑐𝑚 −
2
h𝐸𝑁−ε2 = 0.55𝑐𝑚
Hallando 𝜺1:
0.003 ε1
=
𝐶 (h𝐸𝑁−ε2 + 𝑋)
0.003 ε1
=
20.55𝑐𝑚 (0.55𝑐𝑚 + 14.25𝑐𝑚)
ε1 = 0.0022
Como:
ε1 ≥ 0.002 𝐹𝑠 = 𝐹𝑦 = 4200𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
𝐶1 = 𝐹𝑦 × 𝐴𝑠1
𝐶1 = 4200𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 × 5.97𝑐𝑚2
𝐶1 = 25074𝑘𝑔 = 25.07𝑇𝑜𝑛
Hallar la Compresión en 2 (C2):
Hallando 𝜺2:
0.003 ε2
=
𝐶 (h𝐸𝑁−ε2 )
0.003 ε2
=
20.55𝑐𝑚 (0.55𝑐𝑚)
ε2 = 0.000080
Como:
ε2 < 0.002 𝐹𝑠 = 𝐸 × 𝜺
𝐹𝑠 = 𝐸 × 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟖
Donde:
𝐸 = 2 × 106
𝐹𝑠 = 2 × 106 × 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟖
𝐹𝑠 = 160𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2
Desarrollo:
𝐶2 = 𝐹𝑠 × 𝐴𝑠2
𝐶2 = 160𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 × 3.98𝑐𝑚2
𝐶2 = 636.8𝑘𝑔 = 0.64𝑇𝑜𝑛
𝐶𝐶 = 0.85 × 𝐹´𝑐 × 𝑎 × 𝑏
Donde a:
𝑎 = 𝐵1 × 𝐶
𝑎 = 0.85 × 20.55𝑐𝑚
𝑎 = 17.47𝑐𝑚
𝐶𝐶 = 155919.75𝑘𝑔 = 155.92𝑇𝑜𝑛
Analizando la zona a tracción:
𝑇3 = 𝐹𝑦 × 𝐴𝑠3
𝑇3 = 4200𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 × 5.97𝑐𝑚2
𝑇3 = 25074𝑘𝑔 = 25.07𝑇𝑜𝑛
∑𝐹𝑌 = 0
𝑃𝑛 = 𝐶𝐶 + 𝐶1 + 𝐶2 − 𝑇3
𝑃𝑛 = 156.56𝑇𝑜𝑛
∑𝑀𝐻⁄ = 0
2
𝐻 𝑎 𝐻 𝐻
𝑀𝑛 = (𝐶𝐶 × ( − )) + (𝐶1 × ( − 𝑅)) + (𝐶2 × (0)) + (𝑇3 × ( − 𝑅))
2 2 2 2
𝑀𝑛 = 2470.93𝑇𝑜𝑛 − 𝑐𝑚 = 24.71𝑇𝑜𝑛 − 𝑚