Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) All of the following are transmitted via the respiratory route EXCEPT 1)
A) rubella.
B) measles.
C) smallpox.
D) tinea.
E) chickenpox.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

2) An eight-year-old girl has scabs and pus-filled vesicles on her face and throat. Three weeks earlier 2)
she had visited her grandmother, who had shingles. What infection does the eight-year-old have?
A) scabies
B) fever blisters
C) measles
D) rubella
E) chickenpox
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

3) Which of the following is a subcutaneous mycosis? 3)

A) athlete’s foot.
B) Buruli ulcer.
C) tinea capitis.
D) sporotrichosis.
E) erysipelas.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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4) Which of the following is incorrectly matched? 4)
A) Neisseria gonorrhea — opthalmia neonatorum
B) Chlamydia trachomatis — trachoma
C) Haemophilus influenzae — pinkeye
D) Pseudomonas — inclusion conjunctivitis
E) Acanthamoeba — keratitis
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

5) Newborns' eyes are treated with an antibiotic 5)

A) when Neisseria gonorrhoeae is isolated from the eyes.
B) when the mother is blind.
C) when the mother has genital herpes.
D) when the mother has gonorrhea.
E) as a routine precaution.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

6) All of the following are causative agents of conjunctivitis EXCEPT 6)

A) Chlamydia trachomatis.
B) herpes simplex.
C) adenovirus.
D) Haemophilus influenzae.
E) Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

7) Thrush and vaginitis are caused by 7)

A) Candida albicans.
B) Staphylococcus aureus.
C) herpesvirus.
D) Chlamydia trachomatis.
E) Streptococcus pyogenes.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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 8) Scabies is transmitted by 8)
A) fomites.
B) soil.
C) respiratory secretions.
D) water.
E) food.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

9) The patient has a papular rash. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings reveals small 9)
eight-legged animals. The etiology is
A) Staphylococcus aureus.
B) Sarcoptes.
C) Microsporum.
D) Candida.
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

10) A 17-year-old boy has pus-filled cysts on his face and upper back. Microscopic examination 10)
reveals gram-positive rods. This infection is caused by
A) herpes simplex virus.
B) Streptococcus pyogenes.
C) Propionibacterium acnes.
D) Staphylococcus aureus.
E) Acanthamoeba.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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11) A possible complication of chickenpox is 11)
A) congenital rubella syndrome.
B) fever blisters.
C) subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.
D) macular rash.
E) encephalitis.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

12) Which of the following is used to treat shingles? 12)

A) fungicide
B) trifluridine
C) sulfonamide
D) acyclovir
E) penicillin
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

13) Which of the following statements about Reye syndrome is FALSE? 13)
A) It mostly affects older adults.
B) Prolonged neurological problems may occur.
C) Symptoms may include vomiting, drowsiness, or behavior changes.
D) It is associated with aspirin use.
E) It is a complication that may occur in chickenpox infection.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

14) A patient has pus-filled vesicles and scabs on her face, throat, and lower back. She most likely has 14)
A) chickenpox.
B) rubella.
C) smallpox.
D) measles.
E) mumps.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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15) Which of the following are incorrectly matched? 15)
A) parvovirus — fifth disease
B) poxvirus — fever blisters
C) herpes zoster — shingles
D) varicella-zoster — chickenpox
E) HHV-6 — roseola
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

16) The eradication of smallpox was possible because 16)

A) it can be prevented with the same vaccine used to prevent chickenpox.
B) there are no animal reservoirs of the virus.
C) insect vectors were eliminated.
D) it occurs only in the tropics.
E) it was a relatively mild disease.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

17) All of the following are characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa EXCEPT 17)
A) production of pyocyanin.
B) rod-shaped.
C) gram-positive cell wall.
D) growth in moist environments.
E) resistance to many types of disinfectants and antibiotics.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

18) In which of the following respects is measles similar to German measles (rubella)? 18)
A) Encephalitis is a possible complication.
B) Congenital complications may occur.
C) They have a similar type of rash.
D) They are caused by the same virus.
E) They can be controlled by vaccination.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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19) Which of the following is used to treat herpetic keratitis? 19)
A) trifluridine
B) penicillin
C) fungicide
D) sulfonamide
E) acyclovir
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

20) Which of the following leads to all the others? 20)

A) toxemia
B) staphylococcal infection
C) sudden drop in blood pressure
D) TSST-1
E) scalded skin syndrome
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

21) Buruli ulcer is caused by 21)

A) acid-fast bacteria.
B) gram-positive bacteria.
C) a mite.
D) a fungus.
E) a virus.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

22) The patient has scaling skin on his fingers. Conidiospores are seen in microscopic examination of 22)
skin scrapings. The etiology is
A) Mycobacterium ulcerans.
B) Staphylococcus aureus.
C) Candida.
D) Microsporum.
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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23) Which of the following is used to treat sporotrichosis? 23)
A) potassium iodide
B) trifluridine
C) penicillin
D) acyclovir
E) sulfonamide
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

24) Which region of the skin supports the largest bacterial population? 24)
A) scalp
B) armpits
C) feet
D) forearms
E) All of these support similarly sized bacterial populations.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

25) Which of the following cause(s) ringworm? 25)

A) Microsporum
B) Epidermophyton
C) Mycobacterium
D) Microsporum and Epidermophyton
E) Microsporum, Epidermophyton, and Mycobacterium
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

26) The greatest single cause of blindness in the world is 26)

A) pinkeye.
B) trachoma.
C) inclusion conjunctivitis.
D) neonatal gonorrheal ophthalmia.
E) keratoconjunctivitis.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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27) Exfoliative toxin is responsible for 27)
A) fever blisters.
B) scalded skin syndrome.
C) otitis externa.
D) thrush.
E) impetigo.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

28) Koplik spots are a diagnostic indicator of 28)

A) smallpox.
B) chickenpox.
C) measles.
D) fifth disease.
E) rubella.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

29) Which of the following is used to treat candidiasis of the skin or mucous membranes? 29)
A) acyclovir
B) miconazole
C) trifluridine
D) sulfonamide
E) penicillin
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

30) A 45-year-old man has pus-filled vesicles distributed over his back in the upper right quadrant, 30)
over his right shoulder, and upper right quadrant of his chest. His symptoms are most likely due to
A) varicella-zoster virus.
B) Streptococcus pyogenes.
C) herpes simplex virus.
D) Staphylococcus aureus.
E) Candida albicans.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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31) All of the following are normal microbiota of the skin EXCEPT 31)
A) Propionibacterium.
B) Corynebacterium.
C) Staphylococcus.
D) Streptococcus.
E) Micrococcus.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

32) Why is vaccination for rubella recommended? 32)

A) It has a high mortality rate in school-age children.
B) Death from secondary infections is common.
C) Health care workers have a high incidence of infection.
D) There is a high incidence of congenital infections and birth defects.
E) It is no longer recommended; rubella has been eradicated.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

33) The patient has vesicles and scabs over her forehead. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings 33)
shows gram-positive cocci in clusters. The etiology is
A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
B) Staphylococcus aureus.
C) Sarcoptes.
D) Microsporum.
E) Candida.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

34) All of the following are protective factors of the skin and its secretions EXCEPT 34)
A) lysozyme production.
B) tightly packed cells.
C) keratin.
D) salt.
E) pyocyanin production.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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35) Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT 35)
A) sties.
B) acne.
C) boils.
D) carbuncles.
E) pimples.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

36) Which of the following statements about congenital rubella syndrome is FALSE? 36)
A) It can be prevented by vaccinating women prior to pregnancy.
B) It may be fatal to the unborn child.
C) It does not occur with subclinical infections.
D) It is contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy.
E) It may result in deafness, blindness, and mental retardation.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

37) Which of the following is NOT true of acne? 37)

A) Drugs that inhibit sebum formation are useful in treating inflammatory acne.
B) Antibiotics may be prescribed for moderate cases.
C) It is often due to the action of Propionibacterium.
D) Mild cases are treated with topical agents.
E) It can be treated by eliminating fatty foods from the diet.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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38) Assume that your lab partner swabs the side of his face and uses the swab to inoculate a nutrient 38)
agar plate. The next day, he performs a Gram stain on the colonies. They are gram-positive cocci.
You advise him that he should next look for
A) conidiospores.
B) pseudopods.
C) a coagulase reaction.
D) an acid-fast reaction.
E) pseudohyphae.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

39) Warts are caused by 39)

A) papillomavirus.
B) parvovirus.
C) poxvirus.
D) herpesvirus.
E) Staphylococcus aureus.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

40) Which of the following is NOT caused by HSV-1? 40)

A) herpes whitlow
B) cold sores
C) canker sores
D) herpes gladiatorum
E) herpes encephalitis
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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41) Scabies is a skin disease caused by a 41)
A) protozoan.
B) mite.
C) slow virus.
D) bacterium.
E) prion.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

42) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? 42)

A) Buruli ulcer Mycobacterium
B) otitis externa - Pseudomonas
C) keratitis Acanthamoeba
D) conjunctivitis Chlamydia trachomatis
E) chickenpox poxvirus
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

43) A 35-year-old woman has a red, raised rash on the inside of her thighs. Gram-stained skin 43)
scrapings show large budding cells with pseudohyphae. The infection is caused by
A) herpes simplex virus.
B) Streptococcus pyogenes.
C) Staphylococcus aureus.
D) Candida albicans.
E) varicella-zoster virus.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

44) All of the following are characteristic of the Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci EXCEPT 44)
A) hyaluronidase production.
B) the ability to dissolve blood clots.
C) the ability to damage cell membranes.
D) methicillin resistance.
E) M proteins.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

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 45) Which of the following is likely to spread MRSA among athletes? 45)
A) taping gels
B) whirlpool baths
C) physical contact
D) shared equipment
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

46) The normal flora of the skin is predominantly gram-negative rods. 46)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

47) Candidiasis often occurs following antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections. 47)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

48) The abbreviation “GAS” refers to pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus. 48)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

49) Pathogens of the skin often enter via hair follicles and ducts of the sweat glands. 49)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

50) Blue-green pus is characteristic of Pseudomonas wound infections. 50)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

51) The varicella-zoster virus is the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles. 51)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

52) Infection with Pediculus humanus is called scabies. 52)

Answer: True False
Explanation:

53) The majority of the staphylococci isolated from human skin are coagulase-positive. 53)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

54) Haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye. 54)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

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 55) Acanthamoeba infections are usually transmitted via insects. 55)
Answer: True False
Explanation:

ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.

56) Compare and contrast the virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Which of these
agents is the most difficult to treat? Explain your answer.
Answer:

57) List the disease symptoms and virulence factors associated with Pseudomonas infections. Why can Pseudomonas
be difficult to control in a hospital environment?
Answer:

58) Currently, the only remaining stocks of smallpox are located in the United States and in Russia. Several dates
for the destruction of these stocks have been set, but then postponed. Discuss the pros and cons of destroying
these remaining smallpox stocks. Do you feel they should be destroyed? Explain your answer.
Answer:

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Answer Key
Testname: C21

1) D
2) E
3) D
4) D
5) E
6) B
7) A
8) A
9) B
10) C
11) E
12) E
13) A
14) A
15) B
16) B
17) C
18) E
19) A
20) B
21) A
22) D
23) A
24) B
25) D
26) B
27) B
28) C
29) B
30) A
31) D
32) D
33) B
34) E
35) B
36) C
37) E
38) C
39) A
40) C
41) B
42) E
43) D
44) D
45) E
46) FALSE
47) TRUE
48) FALSE
49) TRUE
50) TRUE
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Answer Key
Testname: C21

51) TRUE
52) FALSE
53) FALSE
54) TRUE
55) FALSE
56)
57)
58)

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