1. Tell us about LTE Frame Structure?

2. What are the Bandwidths used for LTE deployment?

3. How Many subcarriers/RBs are there in 5/10/20 MHz channel
4. What is Subcarrier Bandwidth in LTE?
5. How can we calculate LTE DL/UL throughput?
6. What Maximum LTE throughput can be achieved in the field?
7. How many states a UE can have ?
8. What is difference between Idle & Connected Mode
9. Message flow during LTE Call?
10. What is RRC Reconfiguration?
11. What is difference between HO , Redirection, Cell Selection / Re-Selection?
12. Can you tell us about Prach/PCI/Pusch/Pucch Planning?
13. What is Difference between MIB and SIB?
14. Handover types in LTE
15. What is difference between X2 and S1 HO?
16. Explain Handover signalling messages?
17. Explain Events measurements in LTE
18. Which event trigger during the reselection from LTE to 3G and vice versa
19. What is ANR?
20. What are the types of ANR? Which one is better?
21. What is QCI?
22. What is LTE modulation?AMC?
23. What is MIMO?
24. What is TM? TM1? TM2? TM3? TM4?
25. What is close loop MIMO?
26. Mapping of MIB and SIB messages?
27. Explain SIB messages?
28. What is purpose of SIB19?
29. What Message will be observed on layer-3 During handover stage?
30. Which channel carries CQI information to enodB?
31. What other info PUCCH carries?
32. What is DRX?
33. What is UE disconnection Timer?
34. What is the Location of PUCCH in the UL Spectrum?
35. CS Fall back criteria and event?
36. Explain CSFallback signalling?
37. What basic parameters are required from Planning to configure a site?
38. Explain PCI (Physical Cell id) Planning?
39. How do you deal with Interference issues during PCI planning
40. How do we do optimization of site?
41. What are the Features available to improve accessibility, retainability?
42. What is BLER? What’s Target value?
43. How to investigate low throughput?
44. What major KPIs have you been analyzing most?
1. Tell us about LTE Frame Structure?

I find below table probably the best way to remember about LTE frame structure.

(TDD) Frame
Configuration (FDD)Frame Type 1
Type 2

Frame Length 10 ms 10 ms

Subframes per Frame 10 10

Subframe Length (ms) 1 1

Slots per Subframe 2 2

Symbols/Slot, normal CP 7 7

Symbols/Slot, extended CP 6 6
1. What are the Bandwidths used for LTE deployment?

 1.4 MHz

 3 MHz

 5 MHz

 10 MHz

 15 MHz

 20 MHz

1. How Many subcarriers/RBs are there in 5/10/20 MHz channel?

Channel Bandwidth, MHz 1.4 3 5 10 15 20

Subcarriers per Resource Block 12 12 12 12 12 12

Number of Resource Blocks 6 15 25 50 75 100

Total subcarriers 128 256 512 1024 1536 2048

Occupied Subcarriers 72 180 300 600 900 1200

4. What is Subcarrier Bandwidth in LTE?

15 kHz
 5. How can we calculate LTE DL/UL throughput?

 Lets’ assume we have 20 MHz channel bandwidth.

 we need to calculate the resource elements in a subframe for this band i.e.

12subcarriers x 7 OFDMA symbols x 100 resource blocks x 2 slots= 16800 REs per
subframe.

 Assume we have 64 QAM modulation and no coding, one modulation symbol will
carry 6 bits.

16800 modulation symbols x 6 bits / modulation symbol = 100800 bits.

So, the data rate is 100800 bits / 1 ms = 100.8 Mbps.

 With 4×4 MIMO, the peak data rate goes up to 100.8 Mbps x 4 = 403 Mbps.
 Estimate about 25% overhead e.g. PDCCH, reference signal, sync signals, PBCH,
and some We get 403 Mbps x 0.75 = 302 Mbps.

6. What Maximum LTE throughput can be achieved in the field?

I have seen upto 70Mbps on TDD network with 20 MHz bandwidth channel.

7. How many states a UE can have ?

There are 2 UE stats i.e. UE Idle and UE Connect.

UE can either be on Connected or on Idle state at a time.

Please note that UE Idle/Connected and RRC Idle/Connected means the same .
 8. What is difference between Idle & Connected Mode

In LTE UE can either be on Connected or on Idle state.

Following diagram taken from (http://www.teletopix.org/4g-lte/state-of-rrc-in-

lte/) shows a better difference b/w these two states;

1. RRC Connected, when it has a RRC connection with a given eNB

2. RRC IDLE when it has no valid RRC link with any eNB.
Question no 10 Answer is …RRC reconfiguration means when a ue required diffrent service
the QOS for that service is may be diffrent in that case ue need to aquire new Bearer in that
case RRC connection reconfig to diffrent bearer.

Ans for Que-14 – HO type in LTE

• Intra-LTE: Handover happens within the current
LTE nodes (intra-MME and Intra-SGW)
• Inter-LTE: Handover happens toward the other
LTE nodes (inter-MME and Inter-SGW)
• Inter-RAT: Handover between different radio
technology networks, for example GSM/UMTS
and UMTS

Q:42 BLER is BLocked ERror Ratio, the ratio of the no of bits transmitted and received, It
should not be more than 10%, if it is more than 10 it will affect the Downlink and Uplink
speed