1986
Reprinted,
incorporating
Amendment No. 1
Testing concrete —
Part 125: Methods for mixing and
sampling fresh concrete in the
laboratory
UDC 666.972.017:691.32:620.1
BS 1881-125:1986
Contents
Page
Committees responsible Inside front cover
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Definitions 1
3 Apparatus 1
4 Constituent materials 1
5 Batching 1
6 Mixing 1
7 Sampling and testing the concrete 3
8 Report 3
Publications referred to Inside back cover
© BSI 12-1998 i
BS 1881-125:1986
Foreword
This Part of BS 1881, prepared under the direction of the Cement, Gypsum,
Aggregates and Quarry Products Standards Committee, is a revision of clause 3
of BS 1881-1:1970, the latter being withdrawn.
This Part describes the preparation and batching of the individual materials and
the mixing and sampling of concrete in the laboratory. It complements
BS 1881-101, which covers the sampling of concrete on site.
It is recognized that a wide range of concrete mixes has to be prepared in the
laboratory so provision is made for modifications to the standard procedure and
their detailed reporting [see 8.2.1 e)]. However, this Part of BS 1881 is not
intended to cover special concrete mixes prepared for research, where the mixing
procedure is determined by the properties of the constituents or of the resulting
concrete that are being studied.
The preparation of concrete mixes for standard tests on water for concrete,
cement or admixtures is described in BS 3148, BS 4550 and BS 5075 respectively.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
pages 1 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on
the inside front cover.
ii © BSI 12-1998
BS 1881-125:1986
1)
BS 812-2:1975 is under revision and the relevant clauses will be replaced by BS 812-107 and BS 812-109.
© BSI 12-1998 1
BS 1881-125:1986
Mix the concrete, preferably by machine or fine and coarse aggregates are used, add in order
alternatively using a hand tool, in such a manner as about half the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate,
to avoid loss of water or other materials. the cement and any ground granulated blastfurnace
NOTE Different methods of mixing may lead to different slag, pulverized-fuel ash, pigment or other powder
results. and the remaining coarse aggregate by spreading
CAUTION. When cement is mixed with water, them evenly over the pan and then start the mixer
alkali is released. Take precautions to avoid dry and add all the water during the first 30 s of mixing.
cement entering the eyes, mouth and nose when Continue mixing after all the materials have been
mixing concrete. Prevent skin contact with wet added for at least 2 min and not more than 3 min.
cement or concrete by wearing suitable protective After completion of mixing in a pan mixer without a
clothing. If cement or concrete enters the eye, discharging gate, turn the concrete over in the pan
immediately wash it out thoroughly with clean a few times using a hand tool to ensure uniformity
water and seek medical treatment without delay. before sampling.
Wash wet concrete off the skin immediately.
6.2.3 Drum mixer
6.2 Machine mixing
6.2.3.1 Using dry aggregates. Add-an all-in
6.2.1 General.The size of the batch shall be aggregate as one amount. If separate fine and coarse
between 50 % and 90 % of the rated capacity of the aggregates are used, add in order about half the
mixer (3.1) to avoid both incomplete mixing and coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the
spillage. remaining coarse aggregate and then start the
Before using the mixer, clean off any fresh concrete mixer and run it for 15 s to 30 s. Continue mixing
remaining from a previous batch. Ensure that no and add about half the water during the next 15 s.
free water remains in a pan mixer but if it is dry After mixing for a total of 2 min to 3 min, stop the
wipe it with a damp cloth.When using a tilting drum mixer and leave the contents covered
mixer, mix it in a small preliminary batch, of similar for 5 min to 15 min.
proportions to the main batch, immediately before Add the cement and any ground granulated
the main batch in order to coat the mixer. blastfurnace slag, pulverized-fuel ash, pigment or
6.2.2 Pan mixer other powder on top of the aggregate. Start the
mixer and mix for 30 s. Over the next 30 s add the
6.2.2.1 Using dry aggregates. Add an all-in
remaining water and continue mixing after all the
aggregate as one amount. If separate fine and coarse
materials have been added for at least 2 min and not
aggregates are used, add in order about half the
more than 3 min.
coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the
remaining coarse aggregate by spreading them After completion of mixing, discharge the concrete
evenly over the pan and then start the mixer and onto a clean non-absorbent surface and turn it over
run it for 15 s to 30 s. Continue mixing and add using a hand tool to ensure uniformity before
about half the water during the next 15 s. After sampling.
mixing for a total of 2 min to 3 min, stop the mixer 6.2.3.2 Using saturated aggregates. If an all-in
and leave the contents covered for 5 min to 15 min. aggregate is used, add about half before the other
Add the cement and any ground granulated materials and the remainder after them. If separate
blastfurnace slag, pulverized-fuel ash, pigment or fine and coarse aggregates are used, add in order
other powder by spreading them in an even layer about half the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate,
over the aggregate. Start the mixer and mix for 30 s. the cement and any ground granulated blastfurnace
Stop the mixer and immediately clean off any slag, pulverized-fuel ash, pigment or other powder
material adhering to the mixer blades into the pan. and the remaining coarse aggregate. Start the mixer
Without delay, recommence mixing and add the and add all the water during the first 30 s of mixing.
remaining mixing water over the next 30 s. Continue mixing after all the materials have been
Continue mixing amount. after all the materials added for at least 2 min and not more than 3 min.
have been added for at least 2 min and not more After completion of mixing, discharge the concrete
than 3 min. onto a clean non-absorbent surface and turn it over
After completion of mixing in a pan mixer without a using a hand tool to ensure uniformity before
discharging gate, turn the concrete over in the pan sampling.
a few times using a hand tool to ensure uniformity
before sampling.
6.2.2.2 Using saturated aggregates. If an all-in
aggregate is used, add about half before the other
materials and the remainder after them. if separate
2 © BSI 12-1998
BS 1881-125:1986
6.3 Hand-mixing NOTE Provided that care is taken to ensure that no water or
other material is lost, the concrete used in workability and
6.3.1 General. Mix the concrete batch on a density tests may be remixed with the remainder of the batch
non-absorbent surface using a shovel, trowel or before making any specimens for testing hardened concrete. The
similar tool. period of remixing should be as short as possible yet sufficient to
produce a homogeneous mass.
6.3.2 Using dry aggregates. Add an all-in aggregate
as one amount If separate fine and coarse 8 Report
aggregates are used, add in order about half the
8.1 General
coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the
remaining coarse aggregate. Gradually add The report shall state that preparation of materials,
approximately one-fifth of the water, sufficient to batching, mixing and sampling were carried out in
dampen the aggregate, and mix until uniform. accordance with this Part of BS 1881 unless
Allow to stand for 5 min to 15 min. modifications to the basic methods have been made,
in which case these shall be reported in full. The
Then add the cement and any ground granulated
report shall state whether or not certificates of
blastfurnace slag, pulverized-fuel ash, pigment or
sampling for the materials are available. If
other powder mixing all the materials until uniform.
available, copies of the certificates shall be provided.
Continue mixing and gradually add the remaining
water. After adding all the water, mix the whole 8.2 Information to be included in the test
batch for at least 3 min or until the concrete appears report
homogeneous. 8.2.1 Obligatory information. The following shall be
6.3.3 Using saturated aggregates. If an all-in included in the test report:
aggregate is used, add about half of it before the a) date, time and place of mixing and batch
other materials and the remainder after them. If identity number;
separate fine and coarse aggregates are used, add in b) description of materials, including moisture
order about half the coarse aggregate, the fine content and condition of the aggregates, as
aggregate, the cement and any ground granulated in 4.3 a), b), c) or d);
blastfurnace slag, pulverized-fuel ash, pigment or
other powder and the remaining coarse aggregate. c) specification of concrete mix
Mix all the materials until uniform. Continue (quantities or proportions) and any other
mixing and gradually add the remaining water. requirements, e.g. workability;
After adding all the water, mix the whole batch for d) method of mixing, type and rated capacity of
at least 3 min or until the concrete appears mixer with time of starting and details of the
homogeneous. procedure followed;
e) any modifications from the basic methods;
7 Sampling and testing the concrete f) list of samples taken and specimens made,
Start the sampling and testing of the concrete as 8.2.2 Additional information. Where appropriate,
soon as possible after completion of mixing, without the following shall also be included in the test
the remixing specified in BS 1881-102, report:
BS 1881-103, BS 1881-104, BS 1881-105,
BS 1881-106, BS 1881-107, BS 1881-108, a) results of any tests on the fresh concrete;
BS 1881-109, BS 1881-110 and BS 1881-113 for b) actual quantities or proportions of materials
concrete sampled on site. The size of sample batched;
required for different tests is given in Table 1 of c) any observations on the appearance of the fresh
BS 1881-101:1983. Carry out the required concrete, e.g. segregation and bleeding.
operations during a period of not more than 1 h from
the addition of the water to the cement.
For each test on the fresh concrete, and for making
any specimens for hardened concrete tests, use the
scoop (3.2) to obtain suitable amounts of concrete
from the concrete batch heaped together either in
the mixer or on a nonabsorbent surface, ensuring
that each sample is representative of the concrete
batch. When not sampled immediately, protect the
fresh concrete against gaining or losing water.
© BSI 12-1998 3
4 blank
BS 1881-125:1986
Publications referred to
2)
In preparation.
3)
Referred to in the foreword only.
© BSI 12-1998
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BSI Ð British Standards Institution
|
|
|
|
|
|
| BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It
|
| presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is
| incorporated by Royal Charter.
|
|
| Revisions
|
|
| British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards
|
| should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.
|
|
| It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We
|
| would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this
| British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible,
|
| the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: 020 8996 9000.
|
| Fax: 020 8996 7400.
|
|
| BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that
|
| subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.
|
|
| Buying standards
|
| Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be
|
| addressed to Customer Services. Tel: 020 8996 9001. Fax: 020 8996 7001.
|
|
| In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI
|
| implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless
|
| otherwise requested.
|
|
| Information on standards
|
| BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international
|
| standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various
|
| BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its
|
| products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel: 020 8996 7111.
|
| Fax: 020 8996 7048.
|
|
| Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and
| receive substantial discounts on the purchase price of standards. For details of
|
| these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel: 020 8996 7002.
|
| Fax: 020 8996 7001.
|
|
| Copyright
|
|
| Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of
|
| the publications of the international standardization bodies. Except as permitted
| under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced,
|
| stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means ± electronic,
|
| photocopying, recording or otherwise ± without prior written permission from BSI.
|
|
| This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of
|
| necessary details such as symbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these
|
| details are to be used for any other purpose than implementation then the prior
| written permission of BSI must be obtained.
|
|
| If permission is granted, the terms may include royalty payments or a licensing
|
| agreement. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright Manager.
|
| Tel: 020 8996 7070.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BSI |
|
389 Chiswick High Road |
|
London |
|
W4 4AL |
|
|
|
|
|
|