1

ING 201 2016-2017 ACADEMIC YEAR

ITU SCHOOL of FOREIGN LANGUAGES

ADVANCED ENGLISH PROGRAM

ING 201 FINAL EXAM FOR EXAM PRACTICE

30 DECEMBER, 2016

BOOKLET A

 This booklet consists of 11 pages. Make sure there are no missing pages.

 The duration of the exam is 90 minutes.

 Please read the instructions carefully before answering and use a pencil.

 There are 28 questions.

STUDENT NAME: …………………………………………………………………………

STUDENT NUMBER: ……………………………………………………………………..

STUDENT FACULTY: …………………………………………………………………….

CRN of ING 201 CLASS: ………………………………………………………………….

NAME of ING 201 INSTRUCTOR: ………………………………………………………

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PART I. (6 x 1 = 6 points) Commented [EvH-1]:

How to prepare for this section:
Read the following 4 reference entries and answer questions 1-3 accordingly. Mark your
answers on the optical sheet. Check your book for the variety of sources. You
should be able to recognize correct references and
citations.
a: Amatal, R. A., Ismail, B. S., & Ossen, D. R. (2013). Zaha Hadid’s techniques of architectural form. You do not have to memorize all the rules… but have
Architectural Design, 5(4), 3-33. Abstract retrieved from 10.12966/ojad.11.01.2013 a basic idea of them.

b: Silva, N., Lorio, L. A., Lobo, K. R., Dos Santos, A., Farah, L. C., Maia, A., & Antonio, F. (n. d.).
Antibacterial effect of aqueous extract and bioactive chemical compounds of coffea canephora
against microorganisms. Paper presented at the 25th International Conference on Coffee
Science - Coffee consumption and human physiology. Denpasar, Bali. doi:10.1002-987-2356

c: Winterton, B. F. (2016). Argania Spinosa. In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from

http://global.britannica.com/science/Argan Commented [EvH-2]: This is a reference entry for
an encyclopaedia.
d: Wintgens, J. (Ed.). (2011). Coffee: Growing, processing, sustainable production (2nd ed.). New
York: Wiley.

1. Which of the sources above is an edited book where there are no separate chapters written by
different authors? D

2. Which of the sources above is a conference paper retrieved from the Internet? B

3. Which of the sources above is an abstract? A

Read the following 3 reference entries and choose the correct reference entry. Mark your
answers on the optical sheet.

4. SOURCE: E-BOOK
WRITER: James Horvath
DATE: 2014
TITLE: Mastering 3D Printing
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4842-0025-4

a. Horvath, J. (2014). Mastering 3D printing [DX Reader Version]. doi: 10.1007/978-1-

4842-0025-4 Commented [EvH-3]: Surname is followed by an
initial.
b. J. Horvath. (2014). Mastering 3d printing [DX Reader Version]. doi: 10.1007/978-1-
4842-0025-4

c. Horvath, J. (2014). “Mastering 3D Printing” [DX Reader Version]. doi: Commented [EvH-4]: No quotation marks are used in
10.1007/978-1-4842-0025-4 titles

d. Horvath, James. (2014). Mastering 3D Printing [DX Reader Version]. doi:

10.1007/978-1-4842-0025-4

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5. SOURCE (Edited book) Commented [EvH-5]: Tip: Edited books’ reference entries
and citations are tricky. Study them carefully
WRITER of the chapter: Tim Chen
EDITORS of the book: Raymond Kuhn and Sol Franco Minuzzi
DATE: 2009
TITLE of the chapter: Mastering 3D Printing
TITLE of the book: Fabricated: The New World of 3D Printing
PAGES of the chapter: 29-56
PLACE of publication: Indiana
PUBLISHER: John Wiley & Sons.

a. Chen, T. (2009). “Mastering 3D Printing”. In R. Kuhn & S. F. Minuzzi, Fabricated: The Commented [EvH-6]: You need to add (Eds).
new world of 3D printing (pp. 29-56). Indiana: John Wiley & Sons.

b. Chen, T. (2009). Mastering 3D printing. In R. Kuhn & S. F. Minuzzi (Eds), Fabricated: The
New World Of 3D Printing (pp. 29-56). Indiana: John Wiley & Sons. Commented [EvH-7]: Italics needed in all reference
entries, no capitalization of the title in Edited books
c. Chen, T. (2009). Mastering 3D printing. In R. Kuhn & S. F. Minuzzi (Ed.), Fabricated: The
new world of 3D printing (pp. 29-56). Indiana: John Wiley & Sons. Commented [EvH-8]: Need to be “Eds” because
there are 2.
d. Chen, T. (2009). Mastering 3D printing. In R. Kuhn & S. F. Minuzzi (Eds.), Fabricated:
The new world of 3D printing (pp. 29-56). Indiana: John Wiley & Sons.

6. SOURCE (Journal article)

WRITER Reiner Bogue
DATE of the journal: March 2013
TITLE of the article: 3D printing: The dawn of a new era in manufacturing?
TITLE of the journal: Assembly Automation
VOLUME of the journal: 33
ISSUE of the journal: 4
PAGES of the article: 307-311

a. Bogue, R. (2013). 3D printing: The dawn of a new era in manufacturing? Assembly

automation. Volume no: 33, Issue no: 4, pp. 307-311. Commented [EvH-9]: No need to give this info

b. Bogue, R. (2013). 3D Printing: The dawn of a new era in manufacturing? Assembly

Automation. Commented [EvH-10]: We need the Volume no, Issue
no and Page no according to APA rules
c. Bogue, R. (2013). 3D printing: The dawn of a new era in manufacturing? Assembly
Automation. 33(4), 307-311.
d. Bogue, R. (March). 3D Printing: The Dawn of a New Era in Manufacturing? Assembly Commented [EvH-11]: Year is needed
Automation. 33(4), 307-311.
Extra revision question

SOURCE: Article in a magazine

WRITER: Wendy Alida Henry
DATE: April 9, 2017
TITLE: Making the grade in today's schools
MAGAZINE: Time
RETRIEVAL ADDRESS: http://time.com/5440653/ making-the-grade-in-today's-schools /

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a. Henry, W. A. (2017, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time. Retrieved from
http://time.com/5440653/ making-the-grade-in-today's-schools /

b. Henry, W. A. (2017, April). Making the grade in today's schools. Time. Retrieved from Commented [EvH-12]: It’s a weekly publication, so it
http://time.com/5440653/ making-the-grade-in-today's-schools / needs a full date

c. Henry, W. A. (2017). Making the grade in today's schools. Time. Retrieved from Commented [EvH-13]: ditto
http://time.com/5440653/ making-the-grade-in-today's-schools /

d. Henry, W. A. (2017.04. 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time. Retrieved from Commented [EvH-14]: Not the correct format of
http://time.com/5440653/ making-the-grade-in-today's-schools / the date

PART II. (5 x 1 = 5 points)

Read the given reference entry, and decide which citation form is correct.

Amatal, R. A., Ismail, B. S., & Ossen, D. R. (2013). Zaha Hadid’s techniques of architectural form.
Architectural Design, 5(4), 3-33. Abstract retrieved from 10.12966/ojad.11.01.2013

7. Which of the below can be the correct citation for the source above?

a. (Abstract, 2013, p. 3)
b. (Amatal & Ismail & Ossen, 2013, “Abstract”)
c. (Amatal, Ismail & Ossen, 2013, Abstract) Commented [EvH-15]: Tip: Whatever is first in the
d. (Amatal, Ismail & Ossen, 2013, p. 3) list of references is first in the citation, if we have
authors names we will give them as a priority. Take
_________________________________________________________________________________ care of the use of “&”. If a page number is available
we will use it, only use paragraph numbers and
sections if the page no is not available.
Silva, N., Lorio, L. A., Lobo, K. R., Dos Santos, A., Farah, L. C., Maia, A., & Antonio, F. (n. d.).
Antibacterial effect of aqueous extract and bioactive chemical compounds of coffea canephora
against microorganisms. Paper presented at the 25th International Conference on Coffee
Science - Coffee consumption and human physiology. Denpasar, Bali. doi:10.1002-987-2356
8. Which of the below can be the correct citation for the source above?
a. (Silva … Antonio, n. d., pp. 10-12) Commented [EvH-16]: Tip: For multiple authors we
b. (“Paper presented at the 25th International Conference on Coffee Science”, n. d., pp. 10-12) use “et al”, but in the case of many multiple authors
c. (Silva et al, n. d., pp. 10-12) “et al” is not used, it used as in this example.

d. (Silva & the others, n. d., pp. 10-12) Commented [EvH-17]: If we have a surname(s) we
use it. Do not be confused wıth multiple authors.
_________________________________________________________________________________
Commented [EvH-18]: “Et al” is the Latin term used
Winterton, B. F. (2016). Argania Spinosa. In Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from
for “and the others
http://global.britannica.com/science/Argan

9. Which of the below is the correct citation for the source above? (C is correct)

a. (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2016, “Argania Spinosa”)

b. (Winterton cited in Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2016, “Argania Spinosa”)

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c. (Winterton, 2016, “Argania Spinosa”)

d. (Encyclopaedia Britannica: Argania Spinosa, 2016) Commented [EvH-19]: In this case the encyclopaedia
____________________________________________________________________________ entry has an author so we use it, “cited in” is used to
indicate an author mentioning another author.
Because it is an internet source and we could not
Wintgens, J. (Ed.). (2011). Coffee: Growing, processing, sustainable production (2nd ed.). New York: sensibly provide page numbers or paragraph numbers
Wiley. we give the section’s name instead in quotation marks
and capitalized, However, it is not in italics. D. – ıts
10. Which of the below can be the correct citation for the source above? (A) in the wrong order.

a. (Wintgens, 2011, p. 223)

b. (Wintgens, 2011 2nd ed., p. 223)
c. (Wintgens, 2011, p. 223, “Second Edition”)
d. (Wintgens [2nd ed], 2011, p. 223) Commented [EvH-20]: We do not need to mention
_________________________________________________________________________________ extra info. The information about the book is in the
reference list. No need to mention its edition in any
way.
University of Manchester. (2004). Guidance to students on plagiarism and other forms of academic
malpractice. Retrieved from the University of Manchester website:
http://documents.manchester.ac.uk/display.aspx?DocID=2870

11. Which of the below can be the correct citation for the source above? (D)

a. (“Unintentional Plagiarism”, 2004, “Manchester University”)

b. (University of Manchester website, 2004, “Unintentional plagiarism”)
c. (University of Manchester, 2004, Unintentional plagiarism) Commented [EvH-21]: When we don’t have an
d. (University of Manchester, 2004, “Unintentional Plagiarism”) author, we may use an organization. Sometimes a
University may publish something without an author
so it will be the author. In this it is something taken
PART III. Study the following thesis statements and decide if they are acceptable, have all the from its website and we could not sensibly provide
required content and a correct grammatical structure. (5 x 1 = 5 points) page numbers or paragraph numbers so we give the
section’s name instead in quotation marks. (note it is
capitalized)
12. In recent years, food packaging has played a vital role in the food industry because it can prevent
Commented [EvH-22]: General advice:
loss of product quality, extend shelf-life and attract consumers with eye catching designs. Has to have 3 clear subdivisions and an argument
a. Acceptable Has to have a parallel grammar.
b. Does not have the necessary content or sufficient content to be a complete thesis statement Commented [EvH-23]: It is acceptable because it
c. Not grammatical has the both necessary content or sufficient content
to be a complete thesis statement and it is
13. Coffee, a healthy type of beverage, promotes well-being when consumed regularly. grammatical in the sense of having parallel grammar.
a. Acceptable
b. Does not have the necessary content or sufficient content to be a complete thesis statement Commented [EvH-24]: Tip: For the purpose of the
c. Not grammatical exam 3 subsections are usually clearly evident.

14. In spite of being a very new technology, 3D printing provides creative solutions in industry,
medicine and material development. Commented [EvH-25]: It is acceptable because it
a. Acceptable has the both necessary content or sufficient content
b. Does not have the necessary content or sufficient content to be a complete thesis statement to be a complete thesis statement and it is
grammatical in the sense of having parallel grammar.

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c. Not grammatical

15. Graphene's unique properties allow for ground-breaking biomedical applications such as targeted
drug delivery, a better way of brain penetration and 'smart' implants.

Commented [EvH-26]: Does not have parallel

a. Acceptable
grammar, “a better way of penetration” is not an
b. Does not have the necessary content or sufficient content to be a complete thesis statement
application. “targeted drug delivery”, and “'smart'
c. Not grammatical
implants.” Follows an adjective noun format but “a
better way of penetration” is a phrase.
16. Zaha Hadid is known as one of the greatest architects of this century.
Commented [EvH-27]: Consider the following:
In November 1923, the famous architect Charles-
a. Acceptable
Édouard Jeanneret, better known as Le Corbusier
b. Does not have the necessary content or sufficient content to be a complete thesis statement. delivered a speech to graduating students. He called
c. Not grammatical upon the students to consider the idea that all
architecture must begin with the practical side of
PART IV. Read the following excerpts and decide if the included direct quotations are acceptable or life. He stated, “A house is a machine for living
not. (4 x 2 = 8 points) in.”

17. Adapted from Perkowitch, 2016 To answer this you may need some general
knowledge…. But there are clues… «famous»…

Multi-award winning architect Zaha Hadid was a fierce advocate for women in the creative fields and The phrase may be short…»time» «love» «space»
«eternity» some truths etc. As yourself why would
innovation in architecture. She built a career marked by grand gestures: she made bold statements,
one paraphrase the above?
and built bold buildings. A highly successful woman in a field notoriously dominated by men, Hadid
Compare with:
commanded respect for the strength of her character as much as the strength of her designs. On the
confidence needed to succeed she stated, “You have to really believe not only in yourself; you have to In November 1923, the famous architect Charles-
Édouard Jeanneret, better known as Le Corbusier
believe that the world is actually worth your sacrifices.” delivered a speech to graduating students. He called
upon the students to consider the idea that all
a. Acceptable architecture must begin with the practical side of
b. Not necessary to be quoted life. He stated, “5000 architects graduate from
c. Not grammatical French universities every year. They cannot all
find jobs. This is the reality of the situation,”
18. Adapted from Adak, Heybeli and Ertekin, 2015
He is still famous… but those words are not quotable.
The effects of different drying conditions, such as infrared power, and the temperature or velocity of
Commented [EvH-28]: It is acceptable because 1.
the drying air, have an effect on the quality of dried strawberries. Adak, Heybeli and Ertekin state, “An Zaha Hadid was a very well-known architect and even
though you might not know this there is usually aclue
increase in power from 100 W to 300 W, temperature from 60 to 80°C and velocity from 1.0 m.s−1 to in the writing namely: “Multi-award winning
2.0 m.s−1 decreased fruit colour quality index.” In fact, the optimal conditions to preserve nutrients in architect” and “. A highly successful woman”. These
give you a clue that there is a possibility that she
infrared drying of strawberry were 200 W, 100 °C and 1.5 m.s−1. may have said something quotable. But do not be
tricked, such a person’s words are not always
a. Acceptable quotable.
b. Not necessary to be quoted 2. Her words are difficult to paraphrase.
c. Not grammatical 3. A reporting verb is used, and there are no
grammar mistakes in the part: “succeed she stated,
19. Adapted from “Influence of Genotype and Environment on Coffee Quality”, 2016 “You …”

Commented [EvH-29]: Even if those authors were

world renowned experts, this type of information can
be paraphrased and is not considered “quotable”.

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Coffee is one of the most valuable commodities exported worldwide. Greater understanding of the
molecular basis of coffee quality is required to meet the increasing demands of consumers. Friedel
stated in 2014, “Assessment of coffee quality is usually focused on factors that influence utilization of
the final product with consumer preferences being assessed in three primary ways: physical, sensorial
and chemical analysis”. Analysis of coffee metabolism, the genes governing the accumulation of key
components and the influence of environment on their expression during seed development all support
the identification of the molecular determinants of coffee quality.
a. Acceptable
b. Not necessary to be quoted Commented [EvH-30]: Same as question 18
c. Not grammatical

20. Adapted from “Particle Collider: Black hole or Crucial Machine?”, 2015

Michio Kaku, a physics professor at City University of New York is an outspoken critic of waste in
big science projects, defends the CERN collider as a crucial investment. The Europeans and the
Americans are not throwing $10 billion down this gigantic tube for nothing. The Large Hadron
Collider makes it possible to explore the very front of physics and cosmology. “We want to recreate a
tiny piece of Genesis to unlock some of the greatest secrets of the universe.” according Michio Kaku.

a. Acceptable
b. Not necessary to be quote
c. Not grammatical Commented [EvH-31]: Not grammatical. The correct
phrase is “according to”
OTHER EXAMPLES OF GRAMMAR MISTAKES IN QUOTATION (not part of this
exam) Commented [EvH-32]: This is not grammatical
because there is no reporting verb. Disney, who took
his fantasies very seriously, stated, "Animation can
Disney took his fantasies very seriously, "Animation can explain whatever the mind of explain whatever the mind of man can conceive."
man can conceive." In fact, the creative processes of Disney have some remarkable
Commented [EvH-33]: There should be a logical flow
similarities to Albert Einstein who claimed that his typical thinking style was visual and something seems missing from the sentence:
“stated, “ IoT is changing…” would make it acceptable
motoric, and often used visual fantasies or special imaginary constructions to make his
discoveries. Disney too seems to have been highly visual and physical in his creative Commented [EvH-34]: General advice:

process. If three words or more are exactly the same it’s
not acceptable paraphrase. It will be quite clear in
the exam. Underline them…so you can see.
By connecting a greater diversity of devices to networks, this brings with it the
associated risks. To put this into perspective, there are more than three billion If the grammar/sentence structure is exactly
the same it’s also plagiarism
smartphones currently in use globally and eight billion IoT devices. The scale is
substantial and it is only growing. Eric Schmidt, Google chairman, stated, “is changing Ignore prepositions and a, an and the. Technical
and transforming everything from business to life. Imagination is boundless and terms will usually not be paraphrased

opportunities are infinite. Everything is being wired up or connected wirelessly.” First check for wrong meaning, then plagiarism.
If you can’t find eıther it should be acceptable.
PART V. Read the following excerpts and decide if the paraphrases are acceptable or not.
(4 x 2 = 8 points)

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21. Adapted from Finn, 2016

Animatronics describes the technique, initially used for cinematic purposes, of electronically
animating three-dimensional characters bringing lifelike characteristics to an otherwise inanimate
object. It led to the development of Audio-Animatronics (AA) which is a Disney trademark and
describes the synchronisation of mechanical figures and an audio soundtrack used or its attractions at
Disney theme parks.
Paraphrase:

Audio-Animatronics (AA) is the trademark for a form of robotics created by Disney to bring together
movement and sound for its theme park attractions. It is based on the science of animatronics, which
was first developed for the film industry and is the use of machines controlled by computers to make
puppets or models move in a natural way.
a. Yes, the paraphrase is acceptable.
b. No the paraphrase plagiarizes the original by using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the paraphrase has a different meaning than the original.

22. Adapted from “Zaha Hadid Architects to build world's first wooden football stadium”, 2016.

Designed to be the world's greenest sports facility, the football club Forest Green Rovers’ stadium will
be constructed completely from wood rather than concrete or steel. The importance of using wood is
not only that it's a naturally occurring material, it has very low carbon content.

Paraphrase:

Wood products are a good choice for green building projects because they are renewable and store
carbon absorbed by the tree during its growing cycle. It is an effective insulator and uses far less
energy to produce than concrete or steel and has therefore been chosen for the building of the new Commented [EvH-35]: Extra information has been
stadium of the football club Forest Green Rovers. added.

a. Yes, the paraphrase is acceptable.

b. No the paraphrase plagiarizes the original by using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the paraphrase has a different meaning than the original.

23. Adapted from “Fair –Trade Coffee”, 2016.

Fair trade organizations are engaged actively in promoting coffee producers and sustainable
environmental farming practices. These partnerships contribute to combatting the effects of climate
change and offering better trading conditions to coffee bean farmers. Fair trade practices prohibit child
or forced labour.

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Paraphrase:

Fairtrade coffee support farmers to fight the challenges they may face. These include the effects of
climate change, regulating unpredictable incomes and promoting sustainable environmental
farming practices. Products obtained by child or forced labour cannot be called fair trade products.

a. Yes, the paraphrase is acceptable.

b. No, the paraphrase plagiarizes the original by using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the paraphrase has a different meaning than the original.

24. Adapted from “Argan oil”, 2015.

Argan oil has become increasingly popular for cosmetic use. In the U.S. and Canada, the number of
personal-care products with Argan oil as an ingredient increased from just two in 2007 to over 100 by
2015. This increasing popularity has prompted the Moroccan government to plan for increased
production, with their aim being to increase annual production from around 2,500 to 4,000 tonnes by
2020.

Paraphrase:
Argan oil has recently been seen in more beauty products than before. Due to this rise,the Moroccan
government is endeavouring to increase its yearly yield by approximately 60% by 2020. Moreover, in
North America the quantity of cosmetic products containing Argan oil has risen from two to more than
a hundred in the period between 2007 and 2015.

a. Yes, the paraphrase is acceptable.

b. No, the paraphrase plagiarizes the original by using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the paraphrase has a different meaning than the original.

PART VI. Read the following excerpts and decide if the summaries are acceptable or not. (4 x 2 = 8 Commented [EvH-36]: General advice:
points) Similar to paraphrase:

25. Adapted from Dostar, 2010 Read the summary first; then
Check if it has the same meaning as the original
text; then
In the past, cheese had to be made in small batches because producers used milk from their own farms Check if more than 3 words are the same or have
or from nearby dairies. Milk from several sources could not be easily combined because of sanitation the same grammar.

concerns. Therefore, producers in different locations naturally developed different processes and i.e. In other words if it has the same meaning and no
techniques. The necessity of small batch production of cheese is one of the factors that led to different clear plagiarism it’s probably acceptable

varieties of cheese being produced in different regions of the world. The advent of pasteurization of
milk in 1886 drastically changed the landscape of cheese production as large-scale production was
possible for the first time. Because of pasteurization, milk from different locations and different herds
could be mixed together to achieve a standardized product and the risk of fault producing organisms
was cut right back. As a result, over the past one hundred years, large scale factories have accounted

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for more and more of the world’s cheese production. However, the use of pasteurized milk in cheese
also represents the most significant way that large scale production affects the characteristics of a
cheese. Most traditional cheese varieties were developed well before the invention of pasteurization;
thus, a plausible argument can be made that the pasteurized version of a cheese traditionally made with
unpasteurized milk is an entirely different product from the original. Therefore, most factory made
cheeses could be considered a different type of cheese altogether from cheeses produced using raw
milk.

Summary:

Large-scale cheese production shaped the attributes of cheese worldwide through the pasteurization
process of milk developed 250 years ago. Instead of the more limited small-batch cheese production
that was restricted to individual farms and dairies, cheese was able to be produced in large quantities
because of higher sanitation with less risk of organisms infecting the product. Arguably, raw milk
cheeses are unlike cheeses made in factories.
a. Yes, the summary is acceptable.
b. No, the summary plagiarizes the original using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the summary has a different meaning than the original.

26. Adapted from Ludt, 2004.

Argan oil’s healthy properties and myriad of uses have helped propel this product to stardom. It
contains many antioxidants and is rich in vitamin E. These properties alone make argan oil an ideal
ingredient for a variety of skin creams and cosmetic products. It is also used to treat such ailments as
arthritis and Poland has begun using it in the production of vitamin gel tablets. Most importantly,
however, the rich aroma and nutty flavour of argan oil make it an exotic ingredient in the kitchens of
gourmet chefs around the world. Though the Berber people of southwestern Morocco have used it for
centuries in their cuisine and for medicinal and cosmetic purposes, it has only been within the last
decade that argan oil has become known to the outside world.

Summary:

Used for culinary, medicinal and cosmetic purposes argan oil can now be found globally as a result
of its antioxidant and vitamin E properties. Especially in the last 10 years the use of argan oil has
become known to the rest of the outside world apart from in southwestern Morocco where it has
been used for centuries.

a. Yes, the summary is acceptable.

b. No, the summary plagiarizes the original using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the summary has a different meaning than the original.

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27. Adapted from “The Difference Between Instant Coffee and Filter Coffee”, 2016.

Coffee grows in warm climates, in over 50 countries, the top ten producers by volume being Brazil,
Vietnam, Colombia, Indonesia, Ethiopia, India, Mexico, Guatemala, Peru and Honduras. All coffee
starts as a seed in a coffee cherry. The beans are harvested, sold and exported, and then are roasted
before the coffee we love, can be enjoyed. Roasting isn’t as simple as it might sound, it’s a real art; the
folk who do this are highly skilled experts, and the better the roaster, the better the resulting coffee. As
with fılter coffee, the green coffee bean itself is first roasted to bring out flavour and aroma.
Rotating cylinders containing the green beans and hot combustion gases are used in most roasting
plants. When the bean temperature reaches 165 °C (329 °F) the roasting begins. It takes about 8–15
minutes to complete roasting. After cooling, the beans are then ground finely. Grinding reduces the
beans to 0.5–1.1-millimetre (0.020–0.043 in) pieces. Until here, the process is in general the same as
for other types of coffee. Two things can happen to a roasted coffee bean, it can either be ground to be
used to make coffee using various fresh coffee brewing methods or it can be turned into instant coffee.
To produce instant coffee, the soluble and volatile contents of the beans, which provide the coffee
aroma and flavour, have to be extracted. This is done using water. Pressurized liquid water of around
175 °C (347 °F) is used for this process. The coffee concentration in the liquid is then increased by
either evaporation or by freeze concentration.
Summary:

Instant coffee has the same origins as filter coffee and is a beverage derived from coffee beans. Unlike
filter coffee, instant coffee is not roasted but commercially prepared by either freeze-drying or spray
drying; after which it can be rehydrated. Filter coffee is roasted and then finely grounded before it is
consumed. Its taste depends on the abilities of the roaster.

a. Yes, the summary is acceptable.

b. No, the summary plagiarizes the original using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the summary has a different meaning than the original.

28. Adapted from “Zaha Hadid Architects to build world's first wooden football stadium”, 2016.

Zaha Hadid Architects has been announced as the winner of an international competition to design
new football stadium for the Forest Green Rovers in Stroud, UK which will seat 5000 fans. When
finished, the stadium will be the first in the world to be built entirely out of wood. “Forest Green
Rovers have established a holistic vision for the site to retain its pastoral qualities whilst adding new
facilities for the town. While the stadium will be the centrepiece, the project creates a new public
realm with both recreational and occupational uses, enabling the entire site to contribute to the town -
not only on match days, but every day of the year,” said Jim Heverin, Director at ZHA. The choice of
a natural material for the stadium falls in line with the development’s environmentally-conscious

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concept – the wooden structure will allow the stadium to have the lowest embodied carbon of any
stadium in the world. Virtually every element will be constructed of sustainably sourced timber,
including the structure, roof cantilevers and louvered cladding. The new stadium will serve as the
centrepiece of the new £100million, 100 acre Eco Park development, which will also consist of state-
of-the-art sporting facilities, grass and all-weather training pitches, public multi-purpose facilities and
a sports science hub. Other important parts of the project will be a public transport hub and an on-site
nature reserve.
Summary:
Zaha Hadid Architects won an international design competition to design a 5,000 seat football
stadium, part of a much bigger Eco Park project that includes a nature reserve and a big public transit
hub. It will generate its own energy on site and have a lower carbon footprint than any other stadium.

a. Yes, the summary is acceptable.

b. No, the summary plagiarizes the original using the same vocabulary or grammar.
c. No, the summary has a different meaning than the original.

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