PROPOSED PHILIPPINE ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND IMMUNOLOGY CENTER

A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of Architecture

College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology
De La Salle University- Dasmarinas
Dasmarinas City, Cavite

Marc Angelo P. Ortiz

201201370

Arch. Barren Paul S. Del Rosario

Thesis Adviser

July 2017
 DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARINAS
Dasmarinas, Cavite
College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology

CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY

I, Marc Angelo P. Ortiz, hereby declare this thesis entitled “Proposed

Philippine Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Center” as my own work. This
thesis has not already been submitted for any other degree or diploma in any other
university or other institute of higher learning, and does not contain any material
which has been accepted as part of the requirements for any such degree or
diploma at De La Salle University – Dasmariñas.
I also certify that this thesis does not contain any material previously
published or written by another person except where due acknowledgements is
made in the text.
I also certify that this thesis has been written by me and that, to the best of
my knowledge and belief, any help I have received in preparing the thesis, and all
sources used, have been acknowledged in the thesis.

__________________________ ___________________________
Barren Paul del Rosario Marc Angelo P. Ortiz
Adviser Thesis Advisee

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 APPROVAL SHEET

This thesis hereto entitled

“PROPOSED PHILIPPINE ALLERGY, ASTHMA AND IMMUNOLOGY CENTER”

Prepared and submitted by MARC ANGELO P. ORTIZ in partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture, is recommended for
acceptance and approval for ORAL EXAMINATION.

BARREN PAUL S. DEL ROSARIO

Adviser

ANTONIO V. GUTIERREZ JR.

Thesis Coordinator, ARC5

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination on July 10, 2017.

CELESTA DAWN S. REYES-BELMONTE

Panel Chair

JAMES M. TEPACE SHIELA M. GERANCO

Member Member

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in
Architecture.

SCISSEL S. NAING
Chair, Architecture Department

Engr. JOSE RIZALDY A. DE ARMAS, MEng-ECE, PEC, ACPE

Dean, College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology

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 ABSTRACT

The study, “Proposed Philippine Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Center”

was conceptualized to address the growing medical impact of allergies and
immunologic problems and the lack of such facilities in the country. Hence, the study
will serve as a rejoinder in the efforts of health sectors worldwide in spreading
awareness to heighten the level of consciousness of people. The study focused on
providing architectural solutions and spaces intended for this specialized healthcare
facility through scientific data and methodologies using actual statistics and records.

Qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used in identifying significant

data. Furthermore, the study also focused on different allied engineering
programming and designing such as structural, plumbing, sanitary, electrical, and
mechanical. However, specified estimates and detailed specifications were limited
since the study was time-restricted.

The output of the study is the architectural programming conceptualized

through architectural philosophies and theories, and allied engineering plans planned
through the researcher’s basic knowledge and consulting experts in the related field.
Thus, the “Proposed Philippine Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Center” could
provide a therapeutic environment and uphold the standards of facilities a specialty
hospital needs.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The success of this study would not be possible if not for the people who
supported physically, mentally, and emotionally. I would like to express my utmost
gratitude for the people who stood by me in completing this study.

To my parents, Mr. Eusebio & Mrs. Elisa Ortiz, for their never-ending
encouragement, support, and understanding throughout my architecture years and
for motivating me in achieving the dreams I have been dreaming;

To my blockmates and batchmates for their moral support and shared ideas
and for enriching my college life;

To my sisters, Michelle, Sherry and Mayveelene, for their support and

love which kept me motivated;

To my thesis adviser, Arch. Barren Paul del Rosario, for sharing his
expertise in the field of Architecture, for motivating me to continue the study, and
for serving as a role model in improving this study towards excellence;

To our thesis coordinators, Arch. Rosauro Jamandri, Arch. Antonio

Gutierrez and Arch. Scissel Naing, for their unending motivation, encouragement,
and understanding;

To my source personnel, Dr. Antonio B. Ramos, Dr. Ma. Carmella

Agustin-Kasala, and Dr. Jovelyn Abong, for sharing their knowledge and
technical expertise in conducting the study; and

Most especially to Almighty God for His guidance and blessing to conduct
and complete this study.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page....................................................................................................................................i
Certificate of Originality...........................................................................................................ii
Approval Sheet.........................................................................................................................iii
Abstract..................................................................................................................................... iv
Acknowledgement.................................................................................................................... v
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................... vi
List of Tables.......................................................................................................................... xiii
List of Figures........................................................................................................................ xiii
List of Appendices................................................................................................................. xvi

CHAPTER 1. THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING........................................................ 1

1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................... 2
1.1.1 Rationale of the Project......................................................................................... 3
1.1.2 Background of the Project.................................................................................... 5
1.1.3 Project Goals and Objectives.............................................................................. 9
1.1.4 Significance of the Studyt................................................................................... 10
1.1.5 Scope and Delimitation....................................................................................... 11
1.1.6 Operational Definition of Terms.........................................................................11
1.1.7 Acronyms and Abbreviations.............................................................................. 12

CHAPTER 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK............................................................... 14

2.1 Review of Related Literature..................................................................................... 15
2.1.1 Building Laws........................................................................................................ 15
2.1.2 Regulations/ Manuals fron Department of Health and other Governing
Bodies for Health Facilities Development................................................................... 15
2.1.3 Related Studies.....................................................................................................16
2.1.3.1 Out-Patient Clinic.......................................................................................16
2.1.3.1.1 Efficiency and Cost Effectiveness................................................................ 16
2.1.3.1.2 Flexibility and Expandability.........................................................................16
2.1.3.1.3 Cleanliness and Sanitation........................................................................... 16
2.1.3.1.4 Adequate and Appropriately Located Housekeeping Spaces..................16
2.1.3.1.5 Accessibility.................................................................................................... 17
2.1.3.1.6 Therapeutic Environment............................................................................. 17
2.1.3.1.7 Aesthetics....................................................................................................... 17

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 2.1.3.1.8 Security and Safety....................................................................................... 18
2.1.3.1.9 Sustainability.................................................................................................. 18
2.1.3.2 Medical Research Facilities...................................................................... 18
2.1.3.3 Medical Schools/ Training Facility........................................................... 18
2.1.3.1 Type of Spaces.................................................................................................. 19
2.1.3.2 Support Spaces................................................................................................. 19
2.1.3.3 Important Design Considerations................................................................... 19
2.1.3.3.1 Flexibility.................................................................................................... 19
2.1.3.3.2 Technological Connectivity...................................................................... 20
2.1.3.3.3 Indoor Environmental Quality................................................................. 20
2.1.3.3.4 Security and Occupant Safety.................................................................20
2.1.3.3.5 Operations and Maintenance.................................................................. 20
2.1.3.3.6 The Impact of Light on Outcomes in Healthcare Settings................. 20
2.1.3.3.7 Biophilia Hypothesis................................................................................. 20
2.1.3.3.8 Global Asthma Report.............................................................................. 21
2.1.3.3.9 Machinery and Equipment....................................................................... 22
2.1.4 Related Projects and Organizations.................................................................. 25
2.1.4.1 Related Foreign Projects.......................................................................... 25
2.1.4.1.1 Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center................................................25
2.1.4.1.2 Alaska Allergy Asthma and Immunology Center...................................... 27
2.1.4.1.3 The Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Center (AAIC), SC.................... 28
2.1.4.1.4 Allergy Center................................................................................................ 28
2.1.4.1.5 National Center of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (N.C.A.A.I.)................ 29
2.1.4.2 Related Local Projects.............................................................................. 31
2.1.4.2.1 Lung Center of the Philippines.................................................................... 31
2.1.4.2.2 St. Luke’s Medical Center- Global City Rheumatology, Allergology and
Immunology Center....................................................................................................... 33
2.1.4.2.3 Makati Medical Center.................................................................................. 35
2.1.4.3 Related Organizations...............................................................................36
2.1.4.3.1 Philippine Society of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Inc.
(PSAAI)............................................................................................................ 36
2.1.4.3.2 Public-Private Partnership (PPP)................................................................. 37
2.1.4.3.3 Operation and Maintenance Contract (O&M)_............................. 37
2.2 Conceptual Paradigm.................................................................................................. 38
2.3 Research Methodologies............................................................................................ 40
2.3.1 Methods and Techniques.................................................................................... 42

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 2.3.1.1 Historical Method........................................................................................ 42
2.3.1.2 Quantitative Research................................................................................42
2.3.1.3 Qualitative Research.................................................................................. 42
2.3.2 Data Gathering..................................................................................................... 42
2.3.2.1 Published and Unpublished Material........................................................ 43
2.3.2.2 Library/ Archival Research........................................................................ 43
2.3.2.3 World Wide Web......................................................................................... 43
2.3.2.4 Government Agencies................................................................................ 43
2.3.2.5 Technical Resource Person/ Organization Consultation....................... 43
2.3.2.6 Related Project Visitation.......................................................................... 43
2.3.3 Analysis of Gathered Data.................................................................................. 43
2.3.3.1 Needs Identification................................................................................... 43
2.3.3.2 Preparation of Site Criteria........................................................................ 44
2.3.3.3 Site Selection............................................................................................... 44
2.3.3.4 Site Inventory..............................................................................................44
2.3.3.4.1 McLaughlin Overlay Method........................................................................ 44
2.3.3.5 Qualitative Analysis of Function and Form................................................... 44
2.3.3.6 Space Programming......................................................................................... 45
2.3.3.7 Actual Study of Form........................................................................................45
2.3.3.7.1 Graphical Method.................................................................................... 45
2.3.3.8 Structural and Other Utility Systems............................................................. 45
2.3.3.8.1 Architectural Finishes (Material) Specifications.................................. 45
2.3.3.9 Data Synthesis.................................................................................................. 46
2.3.3.10 Evaluation and Validation of Result............................................................. 46

CHAPTER 3. SITE JUSTIFICATION............................................................................. 47

3.1 Presentation of Site Criteria....................................................................................... 48
3.1.1 Pre-qualification Criteria Derivation Philosophy.............................................. 48
3.1.2 General Site Criteria Derivation Philosophy..................................................... 53
3.1.3 General Site Criteria Checklist............................................................................ 56
3.2 National Setting........................................................................................................... 61
3.2.1 Presentation of Data............................................................................................ 61
3.2.2 Tabulation of Results- National setting.............................................................64
3.3 Regional Setting.......................................................................................................... 66
3.3.1 Presentation of Data............................................................................................ 68
3.3.2 Tabulation of Result- Regional Setting............................................................. 72

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 3.4 City Setting................................................................................................................... 75
3.4.1 Presentation of Candidate Site...........................................................................75
3.4.1.1 Macro Site Analysis for the Probable Sites............................................. 76
3.4.1.2 Site Profile....................................................................................................82
3.4.1.2.1 Site 1 (East Ave. Pinahan Quadrangle, Quezon City).............................. 82
3.4.1.2.2 Site 2 (Commonwealth Ave., Old Capitol Site Central, Quezon
City).................................................................................................................................. 84
3.4.1.2.3 Site 3 (Lung Center of the Philippines)...................................................... 86
3.4.1.2.4 Comparative SWOT Analysis....................................................................... 88
3.4.1.2.5 Tabulation of Results.................................................................................... 91
3.5 Site Inventory.............................................................................................................. 95
3.5.1 Site Analysis......................................................................................................... 100

CHAPTER 4. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN and CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT......102

4.1 Qualitative Analysis................................................................................................... 103
4.1.1 Qualitative Analysis of Function....................................................................... 103
4.1.2 Qualitative Analysis of Form............................................................................. 104
4.2 Site Planning and Programming............................................................................. 105
4.2.1 Maximum Percentage of Site Occupancy....................................................... 106
4.2.2 Total Open Space...............................................................................................106
4.2.3 Total Proposed Building Area........................................................................... 107
4.2.4 Site Bubble Diagram.......................................................................................... 108
4.3 Design Development.................................................................................................109
4.3.1 Derivation of Architectural Spaces Based on Activities per Disease.......... 109
4.3.2 Issue Based Derivation of Architectural Spaces............................................ 111
4.3.3 Organizational Chart.......................................................................................... 113
4.3.4 User Analysis...................................................................................................... 114
4.3.4.1 General Public........................................................................................... 114
4.3.4.1.1 Patients............................................................................................ 114
4.3.4.1.2 Public Visitors.................................................................................. 114
4.3.4.1.3 Researcher....................................................................................... 114
4.3.4.2 Medical Personnel.....................................................................................114
4.3.4.2.1 Doctors............................................................................................. 114
4.3.4.2.2 Nurses.............................................................................................. 114
4.3.4.2.3 Pharmacists..................................................................................... 114
4.3.4.2.4 Medical Researcher........................................................................ 114

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 4.3.4.2.5 Office Staff....................................................................................... 114
4.3.4.2.6 Head Officers/ Directors................................................................ 114
4.3.5 Behavioral Analysis............................................................................................ 114
4.3.5.1 General Public........................................................................................... 115
4.3.5.1.1 Patients.............................................................................................115
4.3.5.1.2 Public Visitors.................................................................................. 115
4.3.5.1.3 Researcher....................................................................................... 115
4.3.5.2 Medical Personnel.....................................................................................116
4.3.5.2.1 Doctors............................................................................................. 116
4.3.5.2.2 Nurses.............................................................................................. 116
4.3.5.2.3 Pharmacists..................................................................................... 116
4.3.5.2.4 Medical Researcher........................................................................ 116
4.3.5.2.5 Office Staff....................................................................................... 117
4.3.5.2.6 Head Officers/ Directors................................................................ 117
4.3.6 Zoning of Spaces............................................................................................... 117
4.3.6.1 Outer Zone................................................................................................ 117
4.3.6.2 Second Zone............................................................................................. 117
4.3.6.3 Inner Zone.................................................................................................117
4.3.6.4 Deep Zone................................................................................................. 117
4.3.7 Interrelationship Diagram................................................................................. 119
4.3.8 Circulation Diagram........................................................................................... 120
4.3.9 Matrix Diagram................................................................................................... 121
4.3.10 Quantitative Analysis of Space...................................................................... 122
4.4 Design Conceptualization......................................................................................... 147
4.4.1 Architectural Concept........................................................................................ 147
4.4.1.1 General Concept....................................................................................... 147
4.4.1.2 Material Concept..................................................................................... 149
4.4.1.3 Color Concept............................................................................................150
4.4.1.4 Landscape Concept.................................................................................. 150
4.4.1.5 Form Concept............................................................................................151
4.4.1.6 Structural Concept....................................................................................151
4.4.1.7 Utility Concept...........................................................................................151
4.4.1.7.1 STP.................................................................................................... 151
4.4.1.7.2 HVAC.................................................................................................151
4.4.1.7.3 Electrical........................................................................................... 152
4.5 Project Technical Requirements............................................................................. 152

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 4.5.1 Medical Machine/equipment.............................................................................152

CHAPTER 5. ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN TRANSLATION................................... 156

5.1 Project Title................................................................................................................ 157
5.2 Design Philosophy..................................................................................................... 157
5.3 Design Theories and Paradigm............................................................................... 157
5.3.1 Biophilia Hypothesis.......................................................................................... 157
5.3.2 Grid System........................................................................................................ 158
5.4 Design Conceptualization......................................................................................... 158
5.4.1 Design Concept.................................................................................................. 158
5.4.2 Building Plan Concept ...................................................................................... 158
5.4.3 Structural Concept............................................................................................. 159
5.4.4 Material Concept................................................................................................ 159
5.4.5 Utility Concept.................................................................................................... 160
5.4.5.1. Electrical Concept.................................................................................... 160
5.4.5.2. Plumbing Concept................................................................................... 160
5.4.5.3. Mechanical Concept................................................................................ 160
5.5. Space and Form Evolution...................................................................................... 160
5.6. Design Objectives.................................................................................................... 161
5.7. Design Considerations............................................................................................. 162
5.7.1. Universal Design............................................................................................... 162
5.7.2. Therapeutic Environment........................................................................... 162
5.7.3. Playfulness.................................................................................................... 162
5.7.4. Harmony....................................................................................................... 162

CHAPTER 6. DESIGN TRANSLATIONS.................................................................... 163

6.1. Site Development Plan............................................................................................ 164
6.2. Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Center........................................................... 164
6.3. Conclusion................................................................................................................. 165
6.4. Recommendations................................................................................................... 166

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table:
1.1 Global Ranking on Asthma Deaths................................................................................. 4
1.2 Philippines Top Causes of Death Age-Standardize Death Rate................................. 6
2.1 Machinery and Equipment............................................................................................. 22
3.1 Pre-Qualification Criteria for Macro Site Selection (National Setting).....................48
3.2 Macro Site Selection Criteria (Regional Setting)........................................................ 51
3.3 General Site Criteria....................................................................................................... 53
3.4 General Site Criteria Checklist....................................................................................... 57
3.5 Distribution of Population and Specialist per Region................................................ 61
3.6 Tabulation of Results......................................................................................................64
3.7 Specialty Hospitals in the Philippines........................................................................... 68
3.8 Metro Manila Population, Specialist and Health Facility per City............................. 70
3.9 Tabulation of Results (Regional Setting).....................................................................73
3.10 Site 1 Technical Characteristics.................................................................................. 83
3.11 Site 2 Technical Characteristics.................................................................................. 85
3.12 Site 3 Technical Characteristics.................................................................................. 88
3.13 Comparative SWOT Analysis....................................................................................... 88
3.14 Tabulation of Results................................................................................................... 91
3.15 Site Technical Description........................................................................................... 95
4.1 Qualitative Analysis of Function................................................................................. 103
4.2 Qualitative Analysis of Form....................................................................................... 104
4.3 Site Technical Details................................................................................................... 105
4.4 Activity-based Derivation of Space (per disease).................................................... 109
4.5 Issue-based Derivation of Architectural Spaces.......................................................111
4.6 Quantitative Analysis of Space................................................................................... 122
4.7 Medical Machine/ Equipment...................................................................................... 152

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure
1.1: World Map- Asthma Death Rate- Color Coded........................................................... 6
2.1: Skin Prick Kit.................................................................................................................. 22
2.2: Patch test Kit.................................................................................................................. 22
2.3: Rast test machine.......................................................................................................... 23

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2.4: Immunocap Test Machine............................................................................................ 23
2.5: Mast Test Machines....................................................................................................... 23
2.6: Endoscopy Machines..................................................................................................... 24
2.7: Lung function testing machine.................................................................................... 24
2.8: Peak flow meter............................................................................................................. 24
2.9: Spirometer...................................................................................................................... 25
2.10: Flow Cytometer............................................................................................................25
2.11: John Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center............................................................... 26
2.12: Alaska Allergy Asthma and Immunology Center.................................................... 27
2.13: Providence Health Park.............................................................................................. 27
2.14: Allergy Center, Switzerland........................................................................................29
2.15: NCAAI Riyadh...............................................................................................................29
2.16: NCAAI Riyadh Interior................................................................................................ 29
2.17: NCAAI Location Map................................................................................................... 30
2.18: NCAAI Laboratory........................................................................................................30
2.19: NCAAI Laboratory........................................................................................................30
2.20: NCAAI Skin Testing..................................................................................................... 30
2.21: Lung Center of the Philippines.................................................................................. 31
2.22: St. Luke’s Medical Center- Global City..................................................................... 33
2.23: St. Luke’s Medical Center- Global City- RAAIC....................................................... 33
2.24: Makati Medical Center................................................................................................ 35
2.25: Conceptual Paradigm of the Study- Graphical Representation............................ 39
2.26: Research Methodology Overview- Graphical Representation............................... 41
3.1: Mapping of the Distribution of Teaching/Training Hospital per Prov.................... 62
3.2: Location of Airports in the Philippines........................................................................ 63
3.3: Philippine Map- Location of Metro Manila.................................................................. 67
3.4: Metro Manila Map- Location of Existing Training Hospitals for Allergology/
Immunology........................................................................................................................... 69
3.5: Metro Manila Map- Road Mapping.............................................................................. 71
3.6: Presentation of 3 Candidate Sites............................................................................... 75
3.7: Residential Land Use 2009........................................................................................... 76
3.8: Commercial Land Use 2009......................................................................................... 76
3.9: Industrial Land-Use 2009............................................................................................. 77
3.10: Institutional Land-Use 2009...................................................................................... 77
3.11: Road Mapping.............................................................................................................. 77
3.12: Transportation Mapping............................................................................................. 78

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3.13: Water Supply Connection Area................................................................................. 78
3.14: Existing Sewer Treatment Plant................................................................................ 78
3.15: Power Supply Connection.......................................................................................... 79
3.16: Elevation of Land......................................................................................................... 79
3.17: Multi-Centered Growth............................................................................................... 80
3.18: Growth Centers Map................................................................................................... 80
3.19: Green Lung Network................................................................................................... 81
3.20: Site 1 Vicinity Map....................................................................................................... 82
3.21: Site 1 Vicinity Map 2................................................................................................... 82
3.22: Site 1 Existing Condition............................................................................................ 83
3.23: Site 1 Existing Condition............................................................................................ 83
3.24: Site 1 Existing Condition............................................................................................ 83
3.25: Site 2 Vicinity Map....................................................................................................... 84
3.26: Site 2 Vicinity Map 2................................................................................................... 84
3.27: Site 2 Existing Condition............................................................................................ 85
3.28: Site 3 Vicinity Map....................................................................................................... 86
3.29: Site 3 Vicinity Map2.....................................................................................................86
3.30: Site 3 Existing Building............................................................................................... 87
3.31: Site 3 Existing Building 2............................................................................................87
3.32: Site 3 Existing Building 3............................................................................................87
3.33: Site 3 Existing Building 4............................................................................................87
3.34: Site 3 Existing Building 5............................................................................................87
3.35: Major Existing Building............................................................................................... 95
3.36: Paved Path & Spaces Mapping.................................................................................. 97
3.37: Unpaved & Landscaped Path & Spaces Map.......................................................... 99
3.38: Overlay Method of Existing, Paved and Unpaved areas..................................... 100
3.39: Site Analysis- Circulation and Access..................................................................... 101
3.40: Site Analysis- Sun and Wind Path...........................................................................101
4.1: Site Existing Building Footprint................................................................................. 106
4.2: Site paved Open Space.............................................................................................. 107
4.3: Site Unpaved Open Space......................................................................................... 107
4.4: Site Proposed Building Area.......................................................................................108
4.5: Site Development Bubble Diagram........................................................................... 108
4.6: Organizational Chart................................................................................................... 113
4.7: Patient Behavioral Analysis........................................................................................ 115
4.8: Visitor Behavioral Analysis......................................................................................... 115
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4.9: Researcher Behavioral Analysis.................................................................................115
4.10: Doctors Behavioral Analysis.....................................................................................116
4.11: Nurse Behavioral Analysis........................................................................................ 116
4.12: Pharmacists Behavioral Analysis............................................................................. 116
4.13: Medical Researcher Behavioral Analysis................................................................ 116
4.14: Office Staff Behavioral Analysis.............................................................................. 117
4.15: Head Officers Behavioral Analysis........................................................................... 117
4.16: Zoning of Spaces....................................................................................................... 118
4.17: Zoning of Spaces Vertically......................................................................................118
4.18: Types of Access......................................................................................................... 119
4.19: Circulation Diagram.................................................................................................. 120
4.20: Matrix Diagram.......................................................................................................... 121
4.21: Children’s Hospital Zurich by Herzog & de Meuron............................................. 147
4.22: Children’s Hospital Zurich by Herzog & de Meuron............................................. 148
4.23: Galeria de Diseno de Herzog................................................................................... 148
4.24: Exterior General Concept......................................................................................... 149
4.25: Interior General Concept......................................................................................... 149
4.26: Skin Prick Kit.............................................................................................................. 152
4.27: Patch Test Kit.............................................................................................................153
4.28: Rast Test Machine..................................................................................................... 153
4.29: Immunocap Test....................................................................................................... 153
4.30: Mast Test Machine.................................................................................................... 154
4.31: Endoscopy Machine.................................................................................................. 154
4.32: Lung Function Test Machine................................................................................... 154
4.33: Peak Flow Meter........................................................................................................ 155
4.34: Spirometer.................................................................................................................. 155
4.35: Flow Cytometer......................................................................................................... 155
5.1: Biophilic Design Sample............................................................................................. 157
5.2: Interconnecting Grid Access...................................................................................... 159
5.3: Ground Floor Plan Evolution of Form....................................................................... 161
5.4: Second Floor Plan Evolution of Form....................................................................... 161
5.5: Universal Design Symbol............................................................................................ 162
5.6: Therapeutic Environment Symbol............................................................................. 162
5.7: Playfulness Symbol......................................................................................................162
5.8 Harmony Symbol.......................................................................................................... 162

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 LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix A: Guidelines in the Planning and Design of a Hospital and other Health
Facility
Appendix B: Manual on Technical Guidelines for Hospitals and Health Facilities
Planning and Design- 25 bed
Appendix C: Letters and Other Related Document
References
Appendix D: Allied Engineering Drawings

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