1. A hypothesis that makes an absolute (as opposed to 13.

In a quantitative research report, a review of prior research

relative) prediction is not: on the problem under study is most likely to be found in the :
a. Testable c. Justifiable a. Introduction c. Results section
b. Researchable d. Significant b. Method Section d. Discuss section
2. Hypotheses derived from a theory are almost always : 14. In aqualitative research report, the thematic analysis of the
a. Null c. Complex data be presented in the :
b. Simple d. Directional a. Introduction c. Results section
3. The hypothesis , “ A person’s emotional status is not b. Method section d. Discuss section
affected by a relocation to a nursing home “ is : 15. In a research report, limitations of the study are normally
a. Null c. Directional described in the :
b. Not correctly worded d. Nondirectional a. Introduction c. Results section
4. Which of the following is an example of a complex b. Method section d. Discuss section
hypothesis ? 16. Which of the following sentences best conforms to the
a. Younger nurses are more likely to hold favorable generally acceptable form of a research literature review ?
attitudes toward unionization of nurses that are older a. It is known that students’ experience anxiety in
nurses. taking a test.
b. The greater the amount of reinforcement a new father b. Several studies have found that the Lamaze method
receives from his wife, the greater the number of of childbirth reduces the amount of pain medication
functional activities he will perform for the newborn required by mothers after delivery.
c. Clinical specialist nurses perceive they have more job c. It is clear that motivations cannot be changed
autonomy in the hospital than do staff nurses.] overnight
d. None of the above. d. Reinforcment is necessary to maintain positive
5. The electronic database most likely to be useful to nurse behaviors.
researchers is: 17. Kevin is a member of the Nursing Research Council of
a. CINAHL c. Health the hospital. His first assignment is to determine the level
b. CancerLit d. MEDLINE of patient satisfaction on the care they received from the
6. In conducting a subject search in an electronic data base, hospital. He plans to include all adult patients admitted
you would most likely initiate the search by typing in: from April to May, with average length of stay of 3-4
a. An author’s name c. A topic or key word days, first admission, and with no complications. Which
b. Restrictions to the search d. A mapping procedure of the following is an extraneous variable of the study?
7. An end user system ; A. Date of admission
a. Is a method of organizing literature review notes B. Length of stay
b. Requires assistance by a librarian C. Age of patients
c. Is the name of an abstracting service D. Absence of complications
d. Allows researchers to conduct their own computer 18. He thinks of an appropriate theoretical framework. Whose
searches. theory addresses the four modes of adaptation?
8. In using print indexes , the researcher should ordinarily : A. Martha Rogers
a. Work forward from the oldest source to the most B. Sr. Callista Roy
recent issue C. Florence Nightingale
b. Work backward from the most recent issue to the D. Jean Watson
oldest source. 19. He opts to use a self-report method. Which of the
c. Search for articles that summarize prior research following is NOT TRUE about this method?
d. Read the accompanying abstract to determine A. Most direct means of gathering information
whether the article is pertinent to the topic. B. Versatile in terms of content coverage
9. The type of information in which the researcher is least C. Most accurate and valid method of data
interested when doing a literature review is: gathering
a. How the variables of interest have been operationally D. Yields information that would be difficult to
defined in prior studies gather by another method
b. Narrations of a particular author’s impression of a 20. Which of the following articles would Kevin least
given situation consider for his review of literature?
c. Research results A. “Story-Telling and Anxiety Reduction Among
d. What research approaches have been used to study Pediatric Patients”
similar problems. B. “Turnaround Time in Emergency Rooms”
10. A primary source for literature review may be defined as; C. “Outcome Standards in Tertiary Health Care
a. A description of an investigation written by the Institutions”
researcher who conducted the study. D. “Environmental Manipulation and Client
b. A summarization of relevant research that has been Outcomes”
conducted on the topic of interest. 21. Which of the following variables will he likely
c. A thesaurus that direct the reader to subject headings EXCLUDE in his study?
germane to the topic A. Competence of nurses
d. Any retrieval mechanism that helps to locate articles B. Caring attitude of nurses
on the area of interest. C. Salary of nurses
11. Which of the following journals would most likely contain D. Responsiveness of staff
the highest number of primary sources for a research literature 22. He plans to use a Likert Scale to determine
review? A. degree of agreement and disagreement
a. Amercian Journal of Nursing B. compliance to expected standards
b. Nursing Forum C. level of satisfaction
c. Nursing Outlook D. degree of acceptance
d. Western Journal of Nursing Research 23. He checks if his instruments meet the criteria for
12. When a finding is statistically significant , it : evaluation. Which of the following criteria refers to the
a. Suggest that the finding is very important consistency or the ability to yield the same response upon
b. Has a strong likelihood of being valid and replicable its repeated administration?
c. Proves that the researcher’s hypothesis is correct A. Validity C. Sensitivity
d. Indicate the need for changes in nursing procedures B. Reliability D. Objectivity
24. Which criteria refer to the ability of the instrument to cancer. Which of the following types of research is
detect fine differences among the subjects being studied? appropriate?
A. Sensitivity C. Validity A. Phenomenological
B. Reliability D. Objectivity B. Ethnographic
25. Which of the following terms refer to the degree to which C. Grounded Theory
an instrument measures what it is supposed to be D. Case Study
measure? 36. Which of the following titles of the study is appropriate
A. Validity C. Meaningfulness for this study?
B. Reliability D. Sensitivity A. Lived Experiences of Terminally-Ill Cancer
26. He plans for his sampling method. Which sampling Patients
method gives equal chance to all units in the population to B. Coping Skills of Terminally-Ill Cancer Patients
get picked? in a Selected Hospital
A. Random C. Quota C. Two Case Studies of Terminally-Ill Patients in
B. Accidental D. Judgment Manila
27. Raphael is interested to learn more about transcultural D. Beliefs & Practices of Patients with Terminal
nursing because he is assigned at the family suites where Cancer
most patients come from different cultures and countries. 37. Ms. Montana plans to conduct a research on the use of a
Which of the following designs is appropriate for this new method of pain assessment scale. Which of the
study? following is the second step in the conceptualizing phase
A. Grounded theory C. Case study of the research process?
B. Ethnography D. Phenomenology A. Formulating the research hypothesis
28. The nursing theorist who developed transcultural nursing B. Review related literature
theory is C. Formulating and delimiting the research problem
A. Dorothea Orem C. Betty Newman D. Design the theoretical and conceptual framework
B. Madeleine Leininger D. Sr. Callista Roy 38. Which of the following codes of research ethics requires
29. Which of the following statements best describes a informed consent in all cases governing human subjects?
phenomenological study? A. Helsinki Declaration
A. Involves the description and interpretation of B. Nuremberg Code
cultural behavior C. Belmont Report
B. Focuses on the meaning of experiences as those D. ICN Code of Ethics
who experience it 39. Which of the following ethical principles was NOT
C. Involves an in-depth study of an individual or articulated in the Belmont Report?
group A. Beneficence
D. Involves collecting and analyzing data that aims B. Respect for human dignity
to develop theories grounded in real-world C. Justice
observations D. Non-maleficence
30. He systematically plans his sampling plan. Should he 40. After the review session has been completed, Karen and
decides to include whoever patients are admitted during the staff signed the document. Which of the following is
the study he uses what sampling method? the purpose of this?
A. Judgment C. Random A. Agree about the content of the evaluation.
B. Accidental D. Quota B. Signify disagreement of the content of the
31. He finally decides to use judgment sampling. Which of evaluation.
the following actions of Raphael is correct? C. Document that Karen and the staff reviewed the
A. Plans to include whoever is there during his evaluation.
study. D. Serve as basis for future evaluation.
B. Determines the diff nationality of pts frequently 41. Which of the following is NOT true about a hypothesis?
admitted & decides to get representations Hypothesis is:
samples from each. A. testable
C. Assigns numbers for each of the patients, place B. proven
these in a fishbowl and draw 10 from it. C. stated in a form that it can be accepted or rejected
D. Decides to get 20 samples from the admitted D. states a relationship between variables
patients 42. Which of the following measures will best prevent
32. He knows that certain patients who are in a specialized manipulation of vulnerable groups?
research setting tend to respond psychologically to the A. Secure informed consent
conditions of the study. This is referred to as B. Payment of stipends for subjects
A. Bias C. Protect privacy of patient
B. Hawthorne effect D. Ensure confidentiality of data
C. Halo effect 43. Which of the following procedures ensures that Ms.
D. Horns effect Montana has fully described to prospective subjects the
33. Which of the following items refer to the sense of closure nature of the study and the subject’s rights?
that Raphael experiences when data collection ceases to A. Debriefing
yield any new information? B. Full disclosure
A. Saturation C. Informed consent
B. Precision D. Covert data collection
C. Limitation 44. This technique refers to the use of multiple referents to
D. Relevance draw conclusions about what constitutes the truth
34. In qualitative research the actual analysis of data begins A. Triangulation C. Meta-analysis
with: B. Experiment D. Delphi technique
A. search for themes 45. The statement, “Ninety percent (90%) of the respondents
B. validation of thematic analysis are female staff nurses validates previous research
C. weave the thematic strands together findings (Santos, 2001; Reyes, 2005) that the nursing
D. quasi statistics profession is largely a female dominated profession is an
35. Raphael is also interested to know the coping abilities of example of
patients who are newly diagnosed to have terminal A. implication C. analysis
B. interpretation D. conclusion
46. The study is said to be completed when Ms. Montana
achieved which of the following activities?
A. Published the results in a nursing journal.
B. Presented the study in a research forum.
C. The results of the study is used by the nurses in
the hospital
D. Submitted the research report to the CEO.
47. Situation : Stephanie is a nurse researcher of the Patient
Care Services Division. She plans to conduct a literature
search for her study.
Which of the following is the first step in selecting
appropriate materials for her review?
A. Track down most of the relevant resources
B. Copy relevant materials
C. Organize materials according to function
D. Synthesize literature gathered.
48. She knows that the most important categories of
information in literature review is the:
A. research findings
B. theoretical framework
C. methodology
D. opinions
49. She also considers accessing electronic data bases for her
literature review. Which of the following is the most
useful electronic database for nurses?
A. CINAHL C. HealthSTAR
B. MEDLINE D. EMBASE
50. While reviewing journal articles, Stephanie got interested
in reading the brief summary of the article placed at the
beginning of the journal report. Which of the following
refers to this?
A. Introduction C. Abstract
B. Preface D. Background
51. She notes down ideas that were derived from the
description of an investigation written by the person who
conducted it. Which type of reference source refers to
this?
A. Footnote C. Primary source
B. Bibliography D. Endnotes
52. She came across a study which is referred to as meta-
analysis. Which of the following statements best defines
this type of study?
A. Treats the findings from one study as a single
piece of data
B. Findings from multiple studies are combined to
yield a data set which is analyzed as individual
data
C. Represents an application of statistical
procedures to findings from each report
D. Technique for quantitatively combining and thus
integrating the results of multiple studies on a
given topic.
53. This kind of research gathers data in detail about a
individual or groups and presented in narrative form,
which is
A. Case study
B. Historical
C. Analytical
D. Experimental
54. Stephanie is finished with the steps in the conceptual
phase when she has conducted the LAST step, which is
A. formulating and delimiting the problem.
B. review of related literature
C. develop a theoretical framework
D. formulate a hypothesis
55. She states the hypothesis of the study. Which of the
following is a null hypothesis?
A. Infants who are breastfed have the same weight
as those who are bottle fed.
B. Bottle-fed infants have lower weight than breast-
fed infants
C. Cuddled infants sleep longer than those who are
left by themselves to sleep.
D. Children of absentee parents are more prone to
experience depression than those who live with
both parents.
56. She notes that the dependent variable in the hypothesis
“Duration of sleep of cuddled infants is longer than those
infants who are not cuddled by mothers” is
A. Cuddled infants
B. Duration of sleep
C. Infants
D. Absence of cuddling
57. Situation: Aretha is a nurse researcher in a tertiary
hospital. She is tasked to conduct a research on the effects
of structured discharge plan for post-open heart surgery
patients.
She states the significance of the research problem.
Which of the following statements is the MOST
significant for this study?
A. Improvement in patient care
B. Development of a theoretical basis for nursing
C. Increase the accountability of nurses.
D. Improves the image of nursing
58. Regardless of the significance of the study, the feasibility
of the study needs to be considered. Which of the
following is considered a priority?
A. Availability of research subjects
B. Budgetary allocation
C. Time frame
D. Experience of the researcher
59. Aretha knows that a good research problem exhibits the
following characteristics; which one is NOT included?
A. Clearly identified the variables/phenomenon
under consideration.
B. Specifies the population being studied.
C. Implies the feasibility of empirical testing
D. Indicates the hypothesis to be tested.
60. She states the purposes of the study. Which of the
following describe the purpose of a study?
1. Establishes the general direction of a study
2. Captures the essence of the study
3. Formally articulates the goals of the study
4. Sometimes worded as an intent
A. 1, 2, 3
B. 2, 3, 4
C. 1, 3, 4
D. 1, 2, 3, 4