Corrected Cad Lab Manual

GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
MUTTOM
LABORATORY MANUEL
COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING
LAB MANUEL
Name:
Class: Branch:
Roll No: Year:
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GOVT.POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE MUTTOM CAD LAB MANUAL
INDEX
SL DESCRIPTION OF ITEM DATE PAGE REMARK

NO. NUMBER
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INTRODUCTION TO CAD
The method of preparing engineering drawings by using computer software is known

as Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) or Computer Design and Drafting. This system provides
a clean and comfortable approach to drafting where by the drawings can be revised at a faster
rate even by adding features of easy duplication and editing with high level of accuracy and
quality. Thus CAD is a valuable tool. Now CAD is become more and more popular in the
various engineering fields such as civil, electrical, mechanical, electronics and
communication, architecture etc. It is very extensively used in mapping, contouring,
structural design, panel design, modelling etc. In earlier days mini computers or main frame
computers where used for working with CAD software. Now PC based CAD software are
extensively used for the preparation of drawings. However main frame CAD software are
even now used for processing job that require very high amount of CPU power. It is easier to
learn and number of previous computer experience is need and hence it is very user friendly
and easy to follow the command prompted.
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APPLICATIONS OF CAD
CAD is used in various fields as listed below
1. Preparing architectural drawings

2. Interior design and modelling
3. Tool and fixture design
4. Production planning and design
5. Preparation of assembly lists and bill of materials
6. Computer aided inspection
7. Preparation of programme for CNC machines
8. Circuit layout and panel design
9. Mapping, building drawing
10. Communication network
11. Piping and instrumentation design
12. Automotive industries
13. Computer aided manufacturing (CAM)
CAD PACKAGES
Some of the commonly used CAD packages are ;
1. Auto CAD
2. Electrical CAD
3. 3DS-MAX
4. STAAD
5. PRO-Engineer
6. IDEAS
7. Mechanical Desktop
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SOFTWARE
Software’s are the programmes or instructions, which are used for the functioning of
the computer as well as for processing data and solving problems. Software’s can be broadly
classified into two;
1. System Software
2. Application Software
1) SYSTEM SOFTWARE
System Software’s are the programmes used for the functioning and administration of
the computer system. The common system software are the operating systems, compilers etc.
2) APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Applications are developed for specific applications or utility. The application

software’s are used for preparing pay role of a company, a programme for air ticket booking
or railway ticket reservation etc.
SOFTWARE CAD-AUTO CAD

Auto CAD is one of the CAD system software introduced in December 1982 by
Autodesk limited in Sausalita California of USA. The least one of the Auto CAD 2006 is
released in 2005. This is one of the most advantageous situations and the auto CAD is
accepted by everyone.
OPENING AUTO CAD

For starting Auto CAD double click the Auto CAD icon on the desktop or Auto CAD
from start menu. Now, Auto CAD drawing editor appears along with dialog box namely start
up.
In the start up dialog box, four options are available such as start from scratch, open a
drawing, use a template and use a wizard.
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DRAWING EDITOR
Auto CAD drawing editor is sometimes called as Auto CAD window screen or simply
Auto CAD screen. Actually Auto CAD drawing editor is an Auto CAD opening screen found
at the time of starting Auto CAD. The elements of the Auto CAD drawing editor are
1. Drawing name
2. Menu bar
3. Tool bar
a) Floating
b) Docked
4. Graphic area
5. UCS icon
6. Cursor
7. Screen menu
8. Horizontal and vertical scroll bar
9. Command prompt area
10. Status bar
ENTERING COMMANDS
There are various facilities for entering commands on the command prompt area.
They are ;
1. By using keyboard
2. By using screen menu
3. By using pull down menu
4. By using tool bar
5. By using cursor menu
6. By using button menu
1. By using key board
In this case, keyboard is used for entering the commands on the command
prompt area. For typing commands on the command box, capital or small letter may
be used
2. By using screen menu
The screen menu appears on the right side of the graphic area and it consists of
set of commands. A command in this menu consists of a set of sub commands and
will appear as sub menu when command is selected. If the default setting is off, the
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screen menu will not be seen on the screen. To change the setting of screen menu,
follow the sequences shown below.
a) Pick tools from menu bar and options from pull down menu. Now a dialogue box
namely options appears on the screen.
b) Then click the display tab on the dialogue box and click the check box against
display screen menu.
c) Click the OK button now the screen menu appears on the screen
3. By using pull down menu
Pull down menu is obtained from the menu bar. For example, to get the
command LINE, bring the arrow to the menu bar and click the draw menu, click
LINE from pull down menu.
4. By using tool bar
In this case tool bar is used to enter the commands on the command prompt area.
For entering command CIRCLE, bring the arrow to the draw tool bar. Pick the icon of
the command CIRCLE. The commonly used tool bar are;
 Standard tool bar

 Object properties tool bar
 Draw tool bar
 Zoom tool bar
 Object snap tool bar
 Modify tool bar
 Dimension tool bar
5. By using cursor menu
Cursor menu is the menu which appears on the graphic area at the position of
cursor. For getting this menu, press the shift key on the keyboard and click the right
button on the mouse.
6. By using button menu
Button menu is the menu, which is obtained from the buttons of the mouse
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DRAFTING SETTINGS
Drafting settings include the commands for initial settings of a drawing. Some of the
drafting settings are snap, grid, object snap, polar tracking and ortho modes. Drafting setting
dialogue box is obtained by picking tools from menu bar and drafting setting from pull down
menu.
1. Grid
GRID command is used to display a reference grid of dots with any desired spacing.
This visual display provides a sense of the size of the drawing entities and their
relationships. Grid cannot be plotted and it is never considered as a part of the drawing.
2. Snap
SNAP commands is used to lock the movement of cross hair of the pointing device to
the nearest grid point. The snap grid is invisible. Snap mode can be turned OFF/ON by
using the function key F9 or by clicking the Snap button on the status bar.
3. Object snap settings
Object snap setting are used to pick a geometric point on an object. Pick object snap
icon from object snap tool bar. Object snap mode can be turned ON/OFF by using the
function key F3 or by clicking snap button on the status bar. There are various options
for object snap setting such as Endpoint, Midpoint, Centre, Quadrant, Node, Intersection,
Perpendicular, tangent, nearest, insertion, and parallel. To turn on the object snap modes,
bring the arrow to check box against the required mode provided on the drafting settings
dialogue box and click.
4. Ortho command
Ortho command is used to constrain the movement of cursor either to horizontal or

vertical direction. Ortho mode can be turned on / off by using the function key F8 or by
clicking ortho button on the status bar.
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FUNCTION KEYS
Following are the function keys used in Auto CAD.
F1=help
F2=text window
F3=object snap on/off
F4=table on/off
F5=Isoplane on/off
F6=Co ordinates on/off
F7=grid on/off
F8=ortho on/off
F9=snap on/off
F10=polar tracking on/off
F11=object snap on/off
AUTO CAD COMMANDS

The basic commands like drawing ,modifying ,dimensioning ,editing, and displaying
are explained in this chapter.
LINE
LINE is the command used to draw a straight line or series of line segment by using Auto
CAD. Line of any length at any angle can drawn by using this command .poly line is a series
of line or arc segment is that act as a single object. Assume that the command prompt area
appears as shown below:
Command:line specify first point :[here specify the starting point of line]
There are 4 options for drawing a line. They are;
1.absolute co-ordinates option
2.relative co-ordinates option
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3.polar co-ordinates option and
4.direct distance entry option
1.ABSOLUTE CO-ORDINATES OPTION

For drawing the figure by using absolute co-ordinates option ,follow the sequences shown
below;
Command:LINE←
Specify first point:20,20←
Specify next point:70,20
Specify next point:←
2.RELATIVE CO-ORDINATES OPTION

For drawing the figure by using relative co-ordinates option ,pick icon of line ,from draw tool
bar . now follow the sequences shown below.
Command:line specify first point:@40,0←
Specify next point:@0,30←
Specify next point:@-40,0←
Specify next point:@0,-30←
3.POLAR CO-ORDINATES OPTION

For drawing the figure by using polar co-ordinates option ,pick draw from menu bar and line
from pull down menu. Now ,follow the sequences shown below;
Command :line specify first point:20,40←
Specify next point:@40<60←
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4.DIRECT DISTANCE ENTRY OPTION
For drawing the figure by using direct distance entry option, first make the ortho mode to
ON. Then pick icon of line from draw tool bar .now follow the sequence shown below:
Command:line specify first point :30,20←
Specify next point:40←
CIRCLE
CIRCLE is the command used to draw a circle by using Auto CAD . Assume that the
command prompt area appears as shown below:
Command:circle specify center point for circle or [3p/2p]:[here specify the center point of
circle or any option]
Specify radius of circle or diameter :[here specify the radius of circle or type D for entering
diameter]
Based on the available data there are six options for drawing a circle .they are
1. center , radius option
2.center , diameter option
3.2 points option abbreviated as 2p
4.3 points option abbreviated as 3p
5.Tangent , tangent, radius option abbreviated as TTR and
6.tangent , tangent , tangent option abbreviated as TTT
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ARC
ARC is the command used to draw an arc by using Auto CAD . Arc is a partial circle
.assumed that the command prompt area appears as shown below:
Command:arc specify start point of arc or center:[here specify the start point of arc or type C
for specify center point]
Specify second point of arc or [center /end]:[here specify the second point of arc or any
option]
Specify end point of arc:[here specify end point of arc]
Based on the available data ,there are eleven option for drawing an arc. They are
1.3 points option
2.startpoint,centerpoint,end point option abbreviated as st,c,end
3.startpoint,centerpoint,angle option abbreviated as st,c,ang
4.start point, enter point, length of chord,option abbreviated as st,c,len
5.start point, end point, angle option abbreviated as st,e,ang
6.startpoint,endpoint,direction option abbreviated as st,e,dir
7.start point ,end point, redius option abbreviated as st,e,rad
8.centerpoint,startpoint,end point option abbreviated as ce,s,end
9.centerpoint,start point, angle option abbreviated as ce,s,ang
10.centerpoint,start point ,length of chord option abbreviated as ce,s,len
11.continuousoptionabbreviated as ( continue or arc continue or line continue)
Some of the options are shown in the figure.
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POLYGON
POLYGON is the command used to draw a polygon by using Auto CAD. Polygon of
sides 3 to 1024 can be drawn by this command .assume that the command prompt area
appears as shown below:
Command :polygon enter number of sides <4>:[here specify the number of sides of
polygon]
Specify center of polygon or edge:here specify the center of polygon or type E for edge
option.
Enter an option[inscribed in circle /circumscribed about circle ]<1>: (here specify an option )
Specify radius of circle :[here specify the radius of circle]
a:Number of sides ,center of polygon ,inscribed in the circle and radius of the circle
b:Number of sides ,center of polygon ,circumscribed about the circle and radius of circle
c:Number of sides , edge of polygon
ELLIPSE
ELLIPSE is the command used to draw an ellipse by using Auto CAD .assume that the
command prompt area appears as shown below:
Command :ellipse
Specify axis end point of ellipse or arc /center :c[here specify axis endpoint of ellipse or an
option.
Specify center of ellipse:[here specify the center of ellipse]
Based on the available data ,there are 3 options for drawing an ellipse. They are
:a.centerb.axis end c.arc
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POINT
Point is the command used to mark a reference point in a drawing by using Auto CAD
.assume that the command prompt area appears as shown below:
Command:point
Specify a point :[here specify the location for point]
For selecting the point style ,pick format from menubar and point style from pull down menu
.now a dialogue box namly point style appears on the screen .some of the point styles are
shown in the figure
TEXT
Text command is used for entering the related details on a drawing by using Auto CAD
.drawings usually indicate the shape of the object.to enhance the readability of the drawing it
is quite necessary to add related matter along with the drawing. Text is used for entering
details in the title blocks,for labelling the parts of drawing ,for giving specifications and for
making annotations etc . depending upon the requirments ,there are two types of text used in
Auto CAD
1.Single line text or Dtext and
2.Multiline text or Mtext
Dtext command is used to write several lines of text without restarting the command
and each line will act as a single object. M text is used when to entering the different lines in
a drawing .for this boundary can be specified which determines the width of the line.
Symbols of degrees, diametric would not get directly from the key board .so there are
some character codes for this symbols and are to be typed before the number.
Some of them are
1%%C30 – for representing diameter [
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAWING THE FIGURE BY ABSOLUTE CO-ORDINATE METHOD
AIM
To draw the given figure by absolute co-ordinate method.
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAWING THE FIGURE BY RELATIVE CO-ORDINATE METHOD

AIM:
To draw the given figure by relative co-ordinate method.
PROCEDURE:
RESULT:
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAW THE FIGURE USING POLAR COORDINATE METHOD

AIM:-
To draw the figure by polar coordinate method.
PROCEDURE:-
RESULT:-
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAWING THE FIGURE BY DIRECT DISTANCE METHOD

AIM:-
To draw the given figure by direct distance method.
PROCEDURE:-
RESULT:-
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAW THE FIGURE BY USING FILLET COMMAND

AIM:-
To draw the figure by fillet command.
PROCEDURE:-
RESULT:-
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAWING THE FIGURE USING CHAMFER COMMAND

AIM:
To draw the given figure by using chamfers command.
PROCEDURE
 Draw a rectangle using line command in the given dimension.

 Select chamfer command
 Enter distance [1], [1]
 Select two adjacent sides
 Repeat the procedure
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAW THE GIVEN FIGURE USING LINE AND ARC COMMAND

AIM:
To draw the given figure by using line and arc command.
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAWING THE FIGURE USING CIRCLE AND POLYGON
AIM
To draw the figure by using circle and polygon
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAW THE BUILDING PLAN
AIM
Draw the given plan.
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
ELEVATION
AIM
To draw the elevation of the given building
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
SECTION
AIM
Draw the section of the plan
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAW THE FIGURE BY USING POLYGON, CIRCLE AND LINE

AIM:
To draw the figure by using polygon, circle and line.
PROCEDURE
RESULT
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Experiment no:
Date:...............
DRAW THE GIVEN BUILDING PLAN FROM THE GIVEN LINE

SKETCH
AIM:-
To draw the plan of the given line sketch of the building.
PROCEDURE:-
RESULT:-
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Experiment no:
Date:...............
DRAW THE SECTION OF THE BUILDING PLAN

AIM:-
To draw the section of the building plan.
PROCEDURE:-
RESULT:-
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Experiment no:
Date:.................
DRAW THE ELEVATION OF THE BUILDING PLAN

AIM:-
To draw the elevation of the building plan.
PROCEDURE:-
RESULT:-
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3D INTRODUCTION
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INTRODUCTION
CREATE SOLIDS AND SURFACE FROM LINES AND CURVES
Solids and surface can be created from existing lines and curves which can be defind
on both profile and path for then
EXTRUDE:
If you extrude on open object in a surface. If you extrude on a closed object the resulting
object is a solid. The extrude solids start from the plain of the profile and ends on plain
perpendicular to the paths of the paths end point
Object that can be extrude (profile) Object that can be used on path
Line Line
Arc Arc
Circle Circle
Ellipse Ellipse
Elliptical arc Elliptical arc
2D polyline 2D polyline
2D spline 3D polyline
3D force 2D spline
2D solid 3D spline
Trace Edge of solid
Region Edge of surface
Planar surface
Planar force of surface
Menu: draw → modeling→ extrude
Tool bar: modeling→ extrude
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Command:ExT
Current wire frame density :ISOLINES = 4
Select object of extraction or (direction/ path/taper angle)<default>
Specify height of extraction or entre an option and press ENTER
SWEEP:
A new solid surface can be created by sweeping a closed or open planar curve along
an open or closed 2D or 3D path sweeping is different from extruding when you sweep a
profile along a path line profile is moved and aligned normal to the path. Then the profile is
swept along the path.
Object that can be swept profile Object that can be used on path
Line Line
Arc Arc
Circle Circle
Ellipse Ellipse
Elliptical arc Elliptical arc
2D polyline 2D polyline
2D spline 3D polyline
3D force 2D spline
2D solid 3D spline
Trace Edge of solid
Region Helix
Planar surface
Planar force of surface
When you sweep object, they can be twisted or scaled on they are swept you can also use the
properties plot to specify the following. Properties for the profile after it has been swept.
 Profile rotation
 Scale along path
 Twist along path
 Bank
Menu: draw → modeling→ extrude
Tool bar: modeling→ sweep
Command: sweep
Current wire frame density :ISOLINES = 4
Select object to sweep
Select sweep path or (alignment / basement/scale/twist):
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Select sweep path or enters an object path
You can sweep more then one object at a time, but they must all lie on the same path.
REVOLVE:
3D solid or surface can be created by revolving closed or open object about an axis.
When you revolve object, you can specify any of you following on the axis about
which to revolve the object.
Object that can be revolved Object that can be used on an axis of

revolution
Line Line
Arc linear polyline segment
Circle Linear edge of a surface
Ellipse Linear edge of a solid
Elliptical arc
2D polyline
2D spline
3D force
2D solid
Trace
Region
Planar surface
Planar force of solid
Axis defined by two point
X-axis
Y-axis
z-axis
Axis defined by an object
Menu: draw →modeling →revolve
Command: Rev
Current frame density:180 LINES=4
Select object to revolve
Specify axis start point or define axis by (object /x/y/z)<object>
Specify axis end point
Specify angle of revolution or (SI at angle)<360>:
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LOFT :
The loft command created 3D solid or surface with variation in shape along its
length from a series of profile or cross section.
The difficult part of coffing to drawing and placing source cross section to get the
result that you want. Draw a series of closed or open profiles. You can then modify the copies
as necessary. These cross section become the base for the lifted object. You need at least two
cross section.
 If you want to control the side of the loft. Draw guide on the each sides of the your
cross section. Guide must start at the first cross section end at the loft cross section
intercept each cross section.
 If you want specify a path to the middle of the loft. Draw a path object the path must
intercept of plain of each cross section. The result lofted model reason the length of
the path.
Object that can be used as a Object that can be used as loft Object that can be used as
cross section path guides
Line Line Line
Arc Arc Arc
Circle Circle Elliptical arc
Ellipse Ellipse 2D spline
Elliptical arc Elliptical arc 3D spline
2D polyline Spline 2D polyline
2D spline 2D polyline 3D polyline
Point(first and last cross 3D polyline
section only)
helix
Menu: draw→ modeling→ loft
Tool bar: modeling→ loft
Command: loft
Select cross section in lofting order
Enter an option(guides /path/cross section only )< cross sections only>
If you choose the cross sections only option, the loft setting dialogue box opener, you
use this dialogue box to fine. Type the definition of the loft and specifically to control how
the loft is curved at its cross section.
RULED:
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Create a straight solid /surface between the cross section and sharp edge at the cross
sections.
 Smooth fit: create a solid or surface between and the cross section and sharped edges
at the cross sections, of first and loft
 Normal to : define which cross sections the solid or surface is perpendicular to the
start, end, both start and end or all cross sections.
 Draft angles: control the draft angles at the first and last cross sections. This is similar
to specify start and end tangent or a plan. A 00 angles is the default normal to the
cross section plane in the direction of the next cross section. A 1800 angles goes
outward away from the cross section. You also define the magnitude which is the
relative distance that the next cross section in other words. If use 1800 angles a large
magnitude creates a long edge.
 Closed surface or solid: close the model
Commend: DELOBT requires an enlarger between two and the DELOBT system
variable controls whether the cross sections, paths and guides are automatically
deleted in the solid or surface is created.
O: all defining geometry used with the EXTRUDE,SWEEP, REVOLVE, LOFT
command.
1. profile curves are deleted including those used with the extrude, sweep, revolve
and loft command cross sections used with the loft command are also detected.
2. All defining geometry is detected including paths and guide curves used with the
curves sweep and loft command.
CREATING COMPLEX SOLID:
complex solids can be created by adding substracting secting them. These process are
called bordeam operations.
Union: use union command to add two or more solid together to make one solid. If the solid
are touching you get a new, unified solid . if the solids are not touching using union is similar
to grouping because you can select the as one object. Union can be used only for regions or
solids.
Menu: modify solid editing union
Command: UNI
select object: select the object that you want to unite
SUBSTRACT:
Use substart command to substract one solid from another. This command can be
used only for regions or solids.
Menu: modify →solid editing→ substract
Command : SU
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Select solids and regions to substract from
Select object : choose the solid that you want to substract from select solids and region to
substract.
Select object: choose the solid that you want to substract the one you want to get rid of.
INTERSECT :
Intersect command create a solid region from the volume that two solids or regions
have in command. This volume is called their intersection. Very unusual models can be
created with this command.
Menu: modify solid density intersect
Command: IN
Select object: click on the overlapping solids or regions for which you want to derive the
intersection.
INTERFERE:
INTERFERE is similar to intersect except the original solids remain Auto CAD
creates a third solids from the volume that the two solids have to common you can also use
the INTERFERE, command to high light the common volume of several pairs of solids.
Menu: modify 3D operations interfere checking
Command: INE
 Select first set of object or (Nested: selection or setting). If you want to compose
only 2 objects you can put them both in the first set other select solids for the first set
and press enter to end object selection.
 Select second set of object or (Nested selection set /ISI set)<check>
 Select the second set of object and press enter to enter object selection. If you want a
second, set press enter it’s check the solids. The interfere checking dialogue box
opens and the display 200 ms in it’s the model, shading the interfere and showing the
rest of the model in wire frame.
If you have more than on interfere. You can use the 200 m pan and 3D orbit bottom to
adjust your display. Then press E.S.C to retain to the dialogue box.
If you want to keep the interference solids after you close the dialogue box. On check
the delete interfere object created enclose check box. Click close when you be done.
SLICE:
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The slice command slice into two parts along a plane or surface. The original solids
are modified bed can be reunified with UNION. You can delete either part or keep both.
Menu: modify → 3D operations → slice
Command: SL
 Select object to slice: click an object selection method and press ENTER when
you finish.
 Specify start point on sliding plane or (planner object /surface/ Z axis/
view/XY/YZ/ZX/ 3 points )<3 points>
Specify a point enter an option or press ENTER to use the 3 point option.
Specify a point enter an option or press ENTER.
 Specify second point on plane : specify a point
These two points define the angle of the sliding plane perpendicular to XX plane.
Specify a point on desired side or (keep both sides)<Both>
 select one of the resulting solids or press ENTER for both.
Option Description
Start point Specify start point and second point on XY plane
Planner Alga the cutting, plane with a circle, ellipse circular or elliptical arc.2D spline
object or 2D polyline segment.
Surface Alga the cutting plane with a surface
Z axis Define the plane by defining a Z axis. The sectioning plane is then the XY
plane far to the Z axis at the first point you specified
View Define the section plane second to the curb. View at the intersection of a
point that you specify.
XY Define the section plane second to the XY plane. At the intersection plane
that specify
YZ Define section plane second to YZ plane. At the intersection of a point that
you specify
ZX Define the section plane second to the ZX. Plane at the intersection of point
you specify
3 point Define the cutting plane using 3 point
SECTION:
The SECTION command create a 3D region from a cross section of a 3D model along
a plane that you specify the original object are, let untouched.
Command: SEC
 select object selection method press enter when to finish (selecting several
solids create region for each solid).
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 Specify first point on selection plane by (object/ Z axis/ view/ XY/ YZ/ZX)
<3 point> :
Specify a point or enter an option.
Experiment no:
Date:.................
STEP USING EXTRUDE

AIM:
To create step using extrude.
PROCEDURE:
RESULT:
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Experiment no:
Date:................
STEP USING EXTRUDE

AIM:
To create step using extrude
PROCEDURE:
RESULT:
39
Experiment no:
Date:.................
ISOMETRIC PLAN OF BUILDING
AIM
To draw the given plan of the building in 3D.
PROCEDURE
Open auto cad
File →open →select privously plotted plan (Ex.no:9) from the right bottom corner →change
the selection of 3D modelling from 2D modelling.
Select 2D wire frame from menu bar.
Select the direction of view→ unsaved view→ ( SW ordinate: top view, left view right view,
NW ordinate, NE ordinate etc..) SW ordinate.
Select poly solid→H(Height of water) →enter→300→enter→W(width of wall)

→enter→20→enter→J→enter→(right left corner):R→enter.
Select the first corner point of the wall→just specify the first corner point of the required wall
continues.
Repeat the procedure complete the wall around the building, cross wall etc..
DRAW BASEMENT
Select extrude command
extrude→ select the plinth line →enter →specify the direction →give the height→ -4s (for
downward).
DRAW WINDOW
As the plan block outside of the window using rectangle
Select extrude →select the object→enter→specify the direction give the dimension
150→enter.
Then it will be move to sill level height.
move→select object →select the wall first→enter→select extrude portion→ enter
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DRAW THE WINDOW FRAME AND GLASS
Change the direction of view → un saved view → FW select the hole for window→ copy it
Using rectangle block it → 0→enter → specify the offset distance 6→ enter→ select the
rectangle → click at the required direction
Using extrude command and substract command make the frame of the window
Using rectangle and extrude command make the glass on the frame
Place the structure of window for required place Change the view of direction → un saved
view →SW Ordinate
DOOR
Block the portion of door using rectangle
Select the extrude command→ select object →enter →specify the direction → enter the
direction→ enter
Select substract → select the wall first → enter select the extrude door portion → enter
Make the structure of door or same in window
SUNSHADE
Select the sunshade from the plan→ select m→ specify a direction and give a length 2000→
enter →0→enter
Give the dimension 60 →enter → select the line → click inside the rectangle
Right click → Repeat offset →10→ enter →select the outer rectangle → enter → click inside
the rectangle → Escape
Select extrude → select a outer rectangle → enter →I→ enter→<60 >→40 → enter
Select extrude →select inside rectangle →specify the direction and enter a height →enter
After preparing the sunshade →M→ enter → select object → specify the required direction
return the back position
Move → enter → select the sunshade → specify the direction →specify the height
210→enter
ROOF SLAB
Change the view of direction →unsaved view → top view Rec→ specify the Ist corner
point. Outside of the wall →specify diagonally.
41
Opposite outer corner corner point of wall →enter
M→ enter→ select rectangle → indicate the direction → specify a distance → enter
Change the view of direction →unsaved view→ SW direction 0→ enter → specify offset
distance 20→ enter→ select rectangle→ enter →click at required position
Extrude → select outer rectangle → enter → specify direction and thickness→ 10 enter
After preparing the roof slab will move to back and placed at required position as using move
commands as same in sunshade
PARAPET WALL
Draw the parapet wall over the roof slab
Poly solid → M→ enter → 6 → enter → W→ enter →10→ enter→ J→ enter→ R enter
Draw the step using extrude command as same in experiment no.17 and 16
After completing the drawing change the 2D frame after select the conception →for viewing
3D solid figure of the building
After completing the drawing and editing. Save the drawing
RESULT
42

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GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

SL DESCRIPTION OF ITEM DATE PAGE REMARK

The method of preparing engineering drawings by using computer software is known

1. Preparing architectural drawings

Applications are developed for specific applications or utility. The application

SOFTWARE CAD-AUTO CAD

OPENING AUTO CAD

2. By using screen menu

4. By using tool bar

 Standard tool bar

6. By using button menu

3. Object snap settings

Ortho command is used to constrain the movement of cursor either to horizontal or

F3=object snap on/off

F6=Co ordinates on/off

F10=polar tracking on/off

F11=object snap on/off

AUTO CAD COMMANDS

There are 4 options for drawing a line. They are;

1.absolute co-ordinates option

2.relative co-ordinates option

4.direct distance entry option

1.ABSOLUTE CO-ORDINATES OPTION

Specify first point:20,20←

Specify next point:70,20

Specify next point:←

2.RELATIVE CO-ORDINATES OPTION

Command:line specify first point:@40,0←

Specify next point:@0,30←

Specify next point:@-40,0←

Specify next point:@0,-30←

Specify next point:←

3.POLAR CO-ORDINATES OPTION

Command :line specify first point:20,40←

Specify next point:@40<60←

Specify next point:←

Command:line specify first point :30,20←

Specify next point:40←

Specify next point:10←

Specify next point:20←

Specify next point:20←

Specify next point:20←

Specify next point:30←

Specify next point:←

1. center , radius option

2.center , diameter option

3.2 points option abbreviated as 2p

4.3 points option abbreviated as 3p

5.Tangent , tangent, radius option abbreviated as TTR and

6.tangent , tangent , tangent option abbreviated as TTT

Specify end point of arc:[here specify end point of arc]

1.3 points option

2.startpoint,centerpoint,end point option abbreviated as st,c,end

3.startpoint,centerpoint,angle option abbreviated as st,c,ang

4.start point, enter point, length of chord,option abbreviated as st,c,len

5.start point, end point, angle option abbreviated as st,e,ang

6.startpoint,endpoint,direction option abbreviated as st,e,dir

7.start point ,end point, redius option abbreviated as st,e,rad

8.centerpoint,startpoint,end point option abbreviated as ce,s,end

9.centerpoint,start point, angle option abbreviated as ce,s,ang

10.centerpoint,start point ,length of chord option abbreviated as ce,s,len

11.continuousoptionabbreviated as ( continue or arc continue or line continue)

Some of the options are shown in the figure.

Specify radius of circle :[here specify the radius of circle]