APLIKASI-APLIKASI DAN PROTOKOL

MULTIMEDIA

Dr. I MADE OKA WIDYANTARA, ST, MT

oka.widyantara@unud.ac.id
Gede Sukadarmika, ST.,MSc.
PENDAHULUAN
• Aplikasi-aplikasi Multimedia • Protokol-protokol Utama Layanan
• Evoluasi Aplikasi-aplikasi Multimedia Multimedia
• Streaming Video dan Audio • Short Message Service (SMS)
• Peer to peer computing • Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS)
• Transaksi Uang Digital • Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)
• Hiburan • Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
• Sharing File dan Citra
• Email and Multimedia Messaging
• Wireless Gaming
• Voice and Telephony
• Location-Based Services
• Telemedicine
• Business Applications
• Personal Area Device Connectivity
• Telematics (Automobiles)
EVOLUSI APLIKASI-APLIKASI MULTIMEDIA

• Penggunaan Internet berubah secara dinamis seiring dengan perkembangan dari

teknologi akses telekomunikasi seperti jaringan nirkabel (dikaitkan dengan
mobilitas) dan serat optik.
• Peningkatan kecepatan dan kehandalan teknik akses telekomunikasi berkontribusi
pada peningkatan ketergantungan konsumen terhadap aplikasi yang ditransmisikan
melalui medium komunikasi tersebut.
• Jaringan nirkabel kecepatan tinggi (broadband) dapat mengirimkan konten
aplikasi grafis dengan resolusi tinggi.
• Akses internet cepat dapat dilakukan dimana saja dan kapan saja.
EVOLUSI APLIKASI-APLIKASI MULTIMEDIA

• Jaringan nirkabel memiliki peran besar dalam efektivitas pengiriman aplikasi.

• Ketika tersedia koneksi kecepatan yang lebih tinggi, aplikasi dapat memberikan
konten yang lebih kaya, peningkatan grafis, dan warna yang lebih hidup.
• Ketika jaringan dapat mendukung Quality of Service (QoS), aplikasi dapat
meningkatkan interaktivitas, mengurangi jitter, dan menyediakan video dan
suara secara kontinyu.
• Ketika latency tinggi, aplikasi dimana informasi diperoleh berbasis lokasi dapat
memberi informasi yang tidak up-to-date.
STREAMING AUDIO DAN VIDEO

• Meliputi layanan pengiriman berita,

entertainment, remote education,
documentary, corporate speeches, fashion
shows, dll
• Television adalah sebuah contoh bentuk
streaming video.
• DirecTV (www.directv.com)
• Dish Networks (www.dishnetworks.com)
STREAMING AUDIO DAN VIDEO
• Teknologi Streaming penting, terutama dalam dunia nirkabel, karena sebagian besar
pengguna tidak memiliki akses ke kapasitas koneksi yang cukup untuk men-
download file multimedia berukuran besar dengan cepat.
• Menggunakan teknologi streaming, konsumen dapat mulai mendengarkan
streaming audio atau melihat video streaming sebelum seluruh file telah diterima.
• Untuk memungkinkan efisien streaming, penyedia harus mengirim data sebagai
stream dan penerima harus mampu mengakses data dalam buffer. Jika data tidak
tiba cukup cepat ke buffer, pengguna akan mengalami gangguan (interruptions).
• Ada beberapa teknologi streaming:
• RealAudio, RealVideo (www.real.com)
• Microsoft Media Player (www.microsoft.com)
• PacketVideo (www.packetvideo.com)
• QuickTime (www.apple.com).
STREAMING AUDIO DAN VIDEO
STREAMING AUDIO DAN VIDEO

• Untuk mengurangi jumlah informasi yang dikirim, streaming video dan data audio
dikompresi dengan menggunakan teknologi seperti MPEG.
• Kualitas video streaming tergantung pada kapasitas saluran transmisi dan
kemampuannya untuk mendukung stream.
• Semakin baik kualitas channel (yaitu, lebih tinggi dan stabil data rate), semakin
baik kualitas output audio dan video.
PEER-TO-PEER COMPUTING

• Komputasi peer-to-peer (p2p) adalah aplikasi

berbagi file, memori, daya komputasi, dan
sumber daya komputer lainnya.
• Komputasi p2p dapat menurunkan cost dalam
mengeksekusi sebuah aplikasi.
• Misalnya, alih-alih membeli memori
tambahan untuk PDA, pengguna bisa
mendapatkan keuntungan dari memori
yang tersedia pada perangkat lain.
PEER-TO-PEER COMPUTING

• Dalam arsitektur p2p perangkat dapat berkomunikasi secara langsung dengan

perangkat lainnya tanpa memerlukan server pusat.
• Dapat mendukung kolaborasi antara pengguna pada jaringan nirkabel dan jaringan
kabel, memindahkan data lebih dekat ke pengguna akhir.
• Kerjasama ini diperoleh melalui mekanisme caching dan komputasi terdistribusi
menggunakan kekuatan gabungan dari CPU dan memori dari perangkat yang
berpartisipasi dalam jaringan p2p.
PEER-TO-PEER COMPUTING http://www.cisco.com
DIGITAL MONEY TRANSACTIONS

• Bank dapat mendukung konsumen yang ingin mendapatkan uang tunai dari mesin
tradisional otomatis teller (ATM) menggunakan ponsel-nya. Konsumen memulai
proses transaksi penarikan sebelum mendekati ATM.
• Konsumen memasukkan nomor rekening dan memilih jenis transaksi dan jumlah
yang akan ditarik.
• Ketika konsumen mencapai ATM, ia memasukkan nomor identifikasi keamanan
pribadi ke ponsel dan rincian transaksi ditransmisikan ke ATM.
• ATM memproses transaksi dan menyediakan jumlah uang tunai yang masuk.
• Spar Nord Bank dan Laan & Spar Bank di Denmark bekerja pada teknologi ini
DIGITAL MONEY TRANSACTIONS

Cmode adalah kolaborasi

DoCoMo dan Coca-Cola
www.nttdocomo.co.jp
www.itworldcanada.com
ENTERTAINMENT

• Salah satu aplikasi yang paling umum untuk WLAN adalah hiburan.
• Sebagai contoh, sistem home theater mendistribusikan film ke monitor dan
speaker menggunakan interkoneksi wireless.
• Sumber video (yaitu, televisi kabel, DVD player) bisa berada dalam satu
ruangan tapi monitor dapat di ruangan lain.
• Sebuah solusi nirkabel membuat nyaman untuk mengatur jaringan sehingga
orang tidak perlu berurusan dengan kabel.
• Alih-alih membeli CD musik, orang bisa membeli, men-download atau
streaming file musik digital dari internet ke komputer mereka.
ENTERTAINMENT
FILE AND PICTURE SHARING
• Komputer dalam grup jaringan yang sama atau domain yang sama dapat mengakses dan
berbagi file yang tersimpan dalam computer.
• Saat ini, file sharing tidak terbatas hanya untuk jaringan area lokal, tetapi juga diperluas ke
Internet .
• Ada dua pendekatan untuk file sharing:
• File terpusat , di mana ada file server pusat beroperasi sebagai hard drive jarak jauh
atau penyimpanan online.
• Xdrive (www.xdrive.com)
• Yahoo! Briefcase ( www.briefcase.yahoo.com)
• File sharing terdistribusi, di mana tidak ada file server pusat. Komputer terhubung ke
Internet dapat berbagi file secara p2
• Kazaa Media Desktop ( www.kazaa.com )
• Morpheus (www.morpheus.com )
EMAIL AND MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING

• Adalah layanan pesan yang memungkinkan peserta untuk mengirim pesan, gambar,
grafik, dan video dan file audio ke satu sama lain.
• Protokol seperti Short Message Service (SMS), Multimedia Messaging Service
(MMS), dan Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS) mendefinisikan arsitektur untuk
berbagai tingkat format, grafik, dan gambar yang dapat dipertukarkan di antara
peserta.
• SpotLife (www.spotlife.com) → komunitas video untuk operator nirkabel.
Peserta akan dapat melihat dan mengirim konten video pribadi kepada peserta
lainnya.
VOICE AND TELEPHONY

• Jaringan nirkabel yang menyediakan layanan suara dan telefoni adalahcellular

phones, cordless phones and VoIP.
• VoIP menyedikan layanan suara dan telepon melalui jaringan data (wired LAN, IEEE
802.11 wireless LAN, and Internet).
• User dapat berbicara satu sama lain via komputer yang terhubung ke jaringan
data.
• MSN Messenger : Computer-to-computer VoIP software
• Net2Phone (www.net2phone.com) dan Dialpad www.dialpad.com): computer-
to-phone VoIP software.
 Skenario VoIP skala enterprise

Skenario VoIP
TELEMEDICINE

• Integrated Emergency Medicine Network (IEMN) system menyediakan layanan

medis gawat darurat
• Sebuah ambulan khusus dengan paramedisnya dapat memonitor kondisi pasien di
lokasi sebagai pananganan awal sebelum tiba di rumah sakit
BUSINESS APPLICATIONS

• Aplikasi bisnis melalui penyedia layanan satelit seperti:

• Payment authorization
• Distance learning
• Multicast delivery of promotional content
• Retail point-of-sale (POS) transaction processing
• Contoh :
• General Motors dan Ford → training manajemen dan teknik ke seluruh kantor
di seluruh dunia
• Distance learning → mengakses modul-modul pembelajaran secara interaktif via
Polycom, DirecWay Hughes Satellites. WalMart, Shell, dan Texaco.
• Moodle → Learning Management System (LMS)
PERSONAL AREA DEVICE CONNECTIVITY

• Consumer devices : portable CD

player, digital camera, printer
• Games: game controller, joystick
• Professional devices: personal
digital assistant (PDA), notebook,
pager, cellular phone
• Sport training devices: health
monitor, sensor, motion-tracking
devices
• Hospital devices: blood pressure
sensor, heart rate sensor,
electrocardiogram
PERSONAL AREA DEVICE CONNECTIVITY

• Military devices: combat

equipment
TELEMATICS (AUTOMOBILES)

• Wireless communication,
combined with location
services provided by GPS, has
enabled safety and security
services such as routing
instructions, emergency door
unlocking, emergency
response, and stolen vehicle
notification
MAIN PROTOKOL
SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE (SMS)

• Short Message Service (SMS) is a text message service that enables the transmission of
short messages between a cell phone, PDA, PC, or any device with an Internet protocol (IP)
address.
• Can contain up to 140 octets, or 160 char.
• To allow messages longer than 160 char.
• SMS concatenation
• SMS compression
• SDCCH signaling channel
• Two type of GSM SMS
• Cell broadcast service
• Point-to-point service
 GSM Network

IWMSC
SHORT MESSAGE MS

SERVICE (SMS) Originating MS

SIM

SM-SC Terminating MS

Short Message
Sender

SMS
GMSC
MSC
BSS

GSM Network

SMS GMSC : SMS Gateway MSC

IWMSC : Interworking MSC
SM-SC : Short Message Service Center
MSC : Mobile Switching Center
BSS : Base Station System
SIM : Subscriber Identity Module
MS : Mobile Station
 SMS PROTOCOL HIERARCHY
MS SM-SC
Short Message
Application Layer
(SM-AL)
Short Message Short Message Transfer Protocol (SM-TP)
Transfer Layer
(SM-TL) MSC IWMSC
Short Message Short Message Short Message
Relay Layer Relay Entity Relay Entity
(SM-RL) (SMR) Short Message (SMR)
Relay Protocol
Connection Short Message (SM-RP) Short Message
Management Control Entity Control Entity
Sublayer (CM-sub) (SMC) Short Message (SMC)
Control Protocol
Lower layers (SM-CP)

SMS MS-MSC protocol hierarchy (mobile origination)

SMS PROTOCOL HIERARCHY

• Short Message Transfer Layer (SM-TP)

• Provides services to transfer SM-AL short msg.
• Generate a reference number SMI (short message identifier)
• SM-AL SMI is not carried between the MS and SM-SC
• Four types of transfer protocol data units (TPDUs)
• SMS-SUBMIT
• SMS-DELIVER
• SMS-STATUS-REPORT
• SMS-COMMAND
SMS PROTOCOL HIERARCHY

• Short Message Relay Layer (SM-RL)

• Provides services to transfer TPDUs and delivery reports for SM-TL
• Generate SM-RL SMI for every short message
• SM-RL SMI is mapped to and from SM-TL SMI
• SM-RL SMI at the MS is not carried at the peer entity in the SM-SC
• SM-RP consists of the following Relay Protokol Data Unit (RPDU) types:
• RP-DATA
• RP-SM-MEMORY-AVAILABLE
• RP-ACK
• RP-ERROR
SMS PROTOCOL HIERARCHY

• Connection Management Sublayer (SM- Sub)

• Provides services to support the SM-RL • MNSMS-ESTablish
• MS has two SMC entities • To establish an MM-connection and
• MS-originated (MO) short message transfer RPDU on that establish
service • MNSMS-DATA
• MS-terminated (MT) short message • Transfer an RPDU on MM-
service connection
• SM-CP consists of following protocol • MNSMS-RELease
elements
• MNSMS-ABORT
• CP-DATA
• MNSMS-ERROR
• CP-ACK
• CP-ERROR
 MOBILE-ORIGINATED MESSAGING
MS MSC

• The logical SM-SC

message path is : SM-TL SM-RL CM-Sub CM-Sub SM-RL SM-TL

MS -> originating
1. SM-RL-DATA-Req
MSC -> IWMSC -> (SMS-SUBMIT) 2. MNSMS-EST-Req
(RP-DATA(MO))
SM-SC

3. MM-Connection Establishment

4. CP-DATA
5. MNSMS-EST-Req
(RP-DATA) 6. SM-RL-DATA-Ind
(SMS-SUBMIT)
5. CP-ACK

Mobile-originated short messaging (part 1)

MOBILE-ORIGINATED MESSAGING

MS MSC VLR

3a. CM_SERV_REQ
3b. MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_REQUEST

3c. MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_REQUEST_ack
3d. CM_ACCEPT

MM-connection establish for mobile-originated short messaging

MOBILE-ORIGINATED MESSAGING
MSC VLR IWMSC SM-SC

7. MAP_SEND_INFO_FOR_MO_SMS

8. MAP_SEND_INFO_FOR_MO_SMS_ack

9. MAP_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE
10. Short Message

11. Delivery Report

12. MAP_FORWAR_SHORT_MESSAGE_ack

MM-connection establish for mobile-originated short messaging (part 2)

MOBILE-ORIGINATED MESSAGING
MS MSC

SM-TL SM-RL CM-Sub CM-Sub SM-RL SM-TL

13. SM_RL_REPORT_Req
(SMS_STATUS_REPORT)
14. MNSMS_DATA_Req
(RP_ACK)
15. CP-DATA
16. MNSMS_DATA_Ind
(RP_ACK)
14. MNSMS_REL_Req
14. MNSMS_DATA_Req
17. SM_RL_REPORT_Ind (RP_ACK)
(SMS_STATUS_REPORT)
17. MNSMS_REL_Req

18. MM-Connection Release

Mobile-originated short messaging (part 3)

 MOBILE-TERMINATED MESSAGING
SMS
MS MSC VLR HLR SM-SC
GMSC
The logical massage path is :
1. Short Message
SM-SC -> GMSC -> terminating 3. MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_SM_ack
MSC -> MS
2. MAP_SEND_ROUTING_INFO_FOR_SM

4. MAP_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE

5. MAP_SEND_INFO_FOR_MT_SMS

6. MAP_PAGE
7. PAGING_REQUEST

8. PAGING_RESPONSE
9. MAP_PROCESS_ACCESS_REQUEST

Mobile-terminated short 10. MAP_SEND_INFO_FOR_MT_SMS_ack

messaging (part 1)
 MOBILE-TERMINATED
MESSAGING MS MSC

(SMR) (SMC) (SMC) (SMR)

SM-TL SM-RL CM-Sub CM-Sub SM-RL SM-TL

11. SM_RL_DATA_Req
(SMS_DELIVER)
12. MNSMS_EST_Req
(RP_DATA(MT))

13. MM-Connection Establishment

14. CP-DATA

15. MNSMS_EST_Ind
(RP_DATA)
16. SM_RL_DATA_Ind
15. CP_ACK
(SMS_DELIVER) 16. MNSMS_DATA_Req
(RP_ACK)
17. CP-DATA
18. MNSMS_DATA_Ind
16. MNSMS_REL_Req
(RP_ACK)
18. CP_ACK
19. SM_RL_REPORT_Ind
(SMS_STATUS_REPORT)
19. MNSMS_REL_Req

Mobile-terminated short messaging 20. MM-Connection Release

(part2)
MOBILE-TERMINATED MESSAGING

SMS
MSC SM-SC
GMSC

21. MAP_FORWARD_SHORT_MESSAGE_ack

22. Delivery Report

Mobile-terminated short messaging (part 3)

EVOLUSI SMS-MMS
Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS)

• Allows the transfer of more than text between mobile devices

• These devices do not need to be compatible!
• In the event of a none compatible device being sent a MMS, they will receive an
Internet link instead
• The message can then be view on the Internet at a later stage
• MMS
• Is only available on GRPS devices and newer
MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING SERVICE (MMS)

• This is a list of base requirements for devices to be given the title of MMS
compatible
• Pictures : JPEG, GIF, PNG, SVG-Tiny (2D Vector Graphics)
• Movies : MPEG-4
• Sound : SP-MIDI , Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR)
• Text : ASCII Text, UTF 8/16
• Future Use
• Allows unlimited expansion
MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING SERVICE (MMS)

• Additional information about how to present the Media can also be transferred
• If this is not present the device will make the decision
• Formats are WML, XML or SMIL
• Synchronised Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL)
• SMIL allows for time dependent display of information
• Allowing for example a presentation to be shown on the device
MMS DELIVERY

• MMS Delivery
• SMS was delivered in a single packet
• MMS can have a theoretical unlimited message size
• In reality the operators/devices will control the size of the messages
• This indicates that the message can not be delivered in a single packet
• Number of packets will depend on the type of messages sent, as with TCP

• MMS Transport
• MMS packets will be transferred using the WAP protocol in GSM based networks
• This gives security in the messages
• Access to the Internet to move MMS message if needed to the Internet
• The User agent at the application layer is changed to deal with MMS
• Remember WAP is only a transport protocol
• Your WML display is just another user agent
MMS DELIVERY

• MMS Delivery continued

• MMS message will be transferred in the spare capacity
• The media will be trickled to your device
• You will only be informed of a message once all of the data is in the device
• If you device does not have the storage to display a movie, then the data
can be streamed into your device
• Reducing the overhead for storage, but increasing the overhead for
the network.
• This will not be available until 3G (UMTS in Europe)
• MMS is not platform dependent
• Meaning that any mobile system can use this technology
MMS INFRASTRUCTURE

Internet

MMS Infrastructure
Base
Station MMSE MMSE = MMS Environment

HLR
MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING SERVICE ENVIRONMENT (MMSE)

• Generic name for all of the servers which need to provide information to send a MMS
• These can be in more than one network → Consider this when you are roaming
• MMS Centre (MMSC) → Storing the MMS message until delivery the same as
SMSC
• MSS Relay
• Allows delivery of information over different packet switched networks
• Records usage for charging
• Conversion of the messages
• This will be based upon the specification of the device
• Using WAP 2.0
• HLR → Allows the discovery of the status/location of a device
• MMS Value Added Services (VAS) → Allowing the adding of high quality
multimedia in a MMS, provided by the operator
DEFINITION OF WAP

“Wireless application protocol (WAP) is an application environment and set of

communication protocols for wireless devices designed to enable access to the
Internet and advanced telephony services to the wireless community. “

W@P Forum
DEVELOPMENT OF WAP

• WAP Forum, Summer 1997

• WAP 1.0 Standard, 1998
• Open Standard
• Industry-Wide Specification
• WAP 2.0 Standard, 2002
OBJECTIVES OF WAP

• Initial focus on wireless phones

• Low bandwidth, high latency, low connection stability
• To provide Internet access for wireless devices
• Device & Network Independent
• To create Wireless Application Environment
• Micro-browser, e-mail, www, mobile to fax access etc.
• WML and WML script.
WAP CONCEPT OVERVIEW
WAP 1.0 PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE

• WSP - Wireless Session protocol

• WTP - Wireless Transaction Protocol
• WTLS - Wireless transport layer security
• WDP - Wireless datagram protocol
WAP 2.0 PROTOCOL ARCHITECTURE

• Optional Proxy
• Internet Protocols
• Proxy required for WAP 2.0 technologies
WAP 2.0 FEATURES

• WAP Push
• User Agent Profile
• Wireless Telephony Application
• Multimedia Messaging Service
• Supports High-Speed Technology (3G)
WML – WIRELESS MARKUP LANGUAGE

First story
• Based on HTML <WML>
<TEMPLATE> …
<DO TYPE="OPTIONS" LABEL="Main">
• WML Script based on Java <GO URL="main_menu.wml"/>
</DO> ___________
Script </TEMPLATE>
<CARD NAME="msg1">
Next Main
<DO TYPE="ACCEPT" LABEL="Next">
• Technical collaboration with <GO URL="#msg2"/>
Second story
</DO>
W3C First story ...
</CARD>

• Micro Browser Technology <CARD NAME="msg2">

Second story ___________
</CARD>
</WML> OK Main
REAL LIFE EXAMPLES

You will be able:

• to check your bank account balance while drinking coffee with your
friends
• to reserve place in the restaurant without making any calls
• Watch 100m sprint race live while you are stuck in traffic jam