Introduction To Politics and International Relations PDF

University of Edinburgh
School of Social & Political Science

Politics & International Relations
Introduction to Politics and International Relations

PLIT08004
Semester 1, Year 2018-2019
Key Information
Course Organiser Dr. Stephen Hill
Email: stephen.hill@ed.ac.uk
Room no. 3.01
Chrystal MacMillan Building, 15A George Square
Guidance & Feedback Hours: Tues. 2-4pm
Additional Lecturers Dr. Wilfried Swenden

Email: wilfried.swenden@ed.ac.uk
Room no. 3.05
Chrystal Macmillan Building, 15A George Square
Guidance & Feedback Hours: Thurs 11.30-1.30pm
and
Dr. Claire Duncanson
Email: C.P.Duncanson@ed.ac.uk
Room 4.24
Chrystal Macmillan Building, 15A George Square
Guidance & Feedback Hours: Weds. 9-11am
and
Dr. Ugur Ozdemir
Email: ugur.ozdemir@ed.ac.uk
Room no. 2.13c (enter through 2.13a)
Guidance and Feedback Hours: Wed 11-1pm
Location Mondays 15.10 to 16.00

Thursdays 14:10 to 15:00
George Square LectureTheatre
Senior Tutor Ms. Luba Zatsepina-McCreadie

Email: lzatsepi@exseed.ed.ac.uk
Course Secretary Euan Morse

Email: emorse@ed.ac.uk
Undergraduate Teaching Office
Assessment • Essay: 12 noon Monday 29th October 2018

Deadlines • Exam: December Exam Diet
2018-19 Introduction to Politics and International Relations 1

Aims and Objectives
Introduction to Politics and International Relations (IPIR) provides:
• an introduction to concepts relevant to both Politics and International Relations (IR)
• an introduction to key institutions of modern states, and current debates surrounding
their operation
• an examination of states and their place in the international system.
Contents
Key Information ............................................................................................................1

Aims and Objectives ....................................................................................................2
Learning Outcomes ......................................................................................................5
Teaching Methods: Lectures, Tutorials & Study Skills ................................................5
Lectures .......................................................................................................................5
Tutorials .......................................................................................................................5
Assessment..................................................................................................................7
TUTORIAL PARTICIPATION .......................................................................................8
ESSAY .........................................................................................................................8
Communication and Feedback ....................................................................................9
Reading Materials and Resource List ........................................................................10
Academic Journals ....................................................................................................... 12
Newspapers ................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture, Tutorial, and Study Skills Summary .............................................................13
WEEK 1: STUDYING POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS.................. 15
Lecture 1: Welcome...................................................................................................... 15
Date: Monday 17 September ...................................................................................... 15
Lecturer: Dr Stephen Hill ............................................................................................. 15
Required reading: ......................................................................................................... 15
Lecture 2: Doing Politics and IR ................................................................................. 15
Date: Thursday 20 September.................................................................................... 15
WEEK 2: THE STATE ...................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 3: The State ..................................................................................................... 16
Date: Monday 24 September ...................................................................................... 16
Lecturer: Dr Wilfried Swenden .................................................................................... 16
Lecture 4: The State in Global Politics ...................................................................... 16
Date: Thursday 27 September.................................................................................... 16
Lecturer: Dr Claire Duncanson ................................................................................... 16
Discussion questions: .................................................................................................. 17
Required Reading: ........................................................................................................ 17

WEEK 4: THEORISING INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ......................................... 19
Lecture 7: IR Theory – Traditional Approaches ....................................................... 19
Date: Monday 8 October.............................................................................................. 19
Required readings: ....................................................................................................... 19
Lecture 8: IR Theory - Critical Approaches............................................................... 19
Date: Thursday 11 October ......................................................................................... 19
Required readings: ....................................................................................................... 19
WEEK 6: POWER ............................................................................................................. 22
Lecture 11: Power ......................................................................................................... 22
Date: Monday 22 October ........................................................................................... 22
Lecturer: Dr Ugur Ozdemir .......................................................................................... 22
Lecture 12: Power in Global Politics .......................................................................... 23
Date: Thursday 25 October ......................................................................................... 23
WEEK 7: CIVIL SOCIETY ............................................................................................... 24
Lecture 13: Civil Society .............................................................................................. 24
Date: Monday 29 October .......................................................................................... 24
Lecturer: Dr. Ugur Ozdemir ......................................................................................... 24
Lecture 14: Pressure Politics: The Case of Global Environmental Politics ......... 25
Date: Thursday 1 November ....................................................................................... 25
Lecturer: Ugur Ozdemir .............................................................................................. 25
Lecture 15: Democracy ................................................................................................ 26
Date: Monday 5 November ......................................................................................... 26
Lecturer: Dr Wilfried Swenden .................................................................................... 26
Lecture 16: Democracy in Global Politics ................................................................. 26
Date: Monday 8 November ........................................................................................ 26
WEEK 9: SECURITY........................................................................................................ 27
Lecture 17: State security and sources of Foreign Policy ...................................... 27

Date: Monday 12 November ....................................................................................... 27
Lecture 18: Global Security- Dilemma and Risk ...................................................... 28
Date: Thursday 15 November ..................................................................................... 28
Lecturer: Dr Claire Duncanson ................................................................................... 28
Required Reading ......................................................................................................... 28
WEEK 10: POLITICAL ECONOMY ............................................................................... 29
Lecture 19: Political Economy in a Global Age ........................................................ 29
Date: Monday 19 November ....................................................................................... 29
Lecturer: Dr Julia Calvert ............................................................................................. 29
Lecture 20: Revision (Q&A) ........................................................................................ 29
Date: Thursday 22 November ..................................................................................... 29
Further Readings .......................................................................................................31
Appendix 1 – Students with Disabilities .....................................................................46
Learning Resources for Undergraduates ...................................................................46
Getting help in the Library ........................................................................................... 47
Using the Internet ............................................................................................................. 47
External Examiner ......................................................................................................48
Penalties that can be applied to your work and how to avoid them. ..........................49
ELMA: Submission and Return of Coursework ..........................................................49
Extensions:.................................................................................................................50
If you have good reason for not meeting a coursework deadline, you may request an
extension. Before you request an extension, make sure you have read all the
guidance on our webpages and take note of the key points below. You will also be
able to access the online extension request form through our webpages. ................50
Exam Feedback and Viewing Exam Scripts: .............................................................50
Plagiarism Guidance for Students: Avoiding Plagiarism ............................................50
Data Protection Guidance for Students......................................................................51
Introduction to Politics and International Relations Past Exam Paper ...............52

Learning Outcomes
On completion of the course, students will be able to:
• demonstrate knowledge of key themes, theories and concepts in the study of

politics and IR
• exhibit comparative knowledge of different political institutions and their
theoretical and practical significance
• demonstrate fundamental reading and writing skills, as well as the ability to
employ academic referencing standards
• apply their knowledge to understand and discuss contemporary political issues
and problems
Teaching Methods: Lectures, Tutorials & Study Skills
Lectures
There are two 50-minute lectures every week:
• Mondays 15.10 – 16.00 in George Square Lecture Theatre

• Thursdays 14.10 – 15.00 George Square Lecture Theatre
Lectures will introduce and explore key concepts, theories, and ways to analyse politics
and international relations.
Tutorials
Tutorials provide an opportunity for you to discuss your own ideas and your reaction
to the readings and lectures. The tutors will also assist you in the organisation of your
essay and preparation for the exam at the end of the year.
Each tutorial should consist of 10-12 students, with a maximum of 15 depending on

availability. Tutorials meet weekly, starting in the second week of the course. Your first
tutorial will take place in the week 2 starting Monday, 24 September 2018.
The first tutorial will provide you with essentials about the program and procedures for
the rest of the course, and it is therefore all the more important that you do not miss it.
You are required to do the readings and prepare for each tutorial in advance. A list of
tutors and contact email addresses will be made available on Learn during the first
week of teaching.
Please note that pressure of work or problems of time management are not
considered an acceptable reason for non-attendance at tutorials or for late
submission of work.

Study Skills
In order to help you make a successful transition to studying at University, we have
designed a programme to support the development of skills fundamental to academic
study. Study skills are best practiced in the context in which they will be applied, namely
within a course you are studying for credit. The skills we will focus on this semester
are designed to directly help you with the assessment for Introduction to Politics and
International Relations, namely:
• How to effectively use University resources and managing your workload

• How to effectively summarise academic texts
• How to critically engage with academic texts
• How to write an academic essay
• How to build a critical argument
• How to construct bibliographies and how to use quotations properly
• How to prepare for your exams
• How to write an effective exam essay
All the skills we study on this course are directly relevant to your assessed work. They
are designed to give you opportunity to work on individual skills in a structured way,
with feedback from others, in order to help you understand the standards required of
students, and also the techniques that can help you attain those standards more easily.
Study Skills sessions start in Week 2.
There are five sessions per week:
Thursdays 10-11am Medical School (G.07 Meadows Lecture Theatre Doorway 4)

Thursdays 4-5pm 7 George Square S.1
Thursdays 5-6pm 7 George Square S.1
Friday 9-10am Geography (2.13 Old Infirmary)
Friday 10-11am Old College (G.159 MacLaren Stuart Room)
Please attend one 50-minute session per week.

Assessment
Students will be assessed by:
Word count
limit
Do not exceed Return of
Assessment Weighting Submission date
the word limit feedback
or penalties
will be applied
Tutorial At the end of the

Not applicable 10% Not applicable
Participation course
Monday 29th
1500 words October (all
max (excluding coursework is due
Essay 40% 19/11/18
title and at 12 noon on the
bibliography) date of
submission)
Exam dates are
set by Student
Administration.
Exam diet
Dates will be
information can be
published closer
found at:
to the time
http://www.ed.ac.u
Please also see
Exam Not applicable 50% k/student-
Exam feedback
administration/exa
information on
ms/exam-diets
our webpages
Students are
here
responsible for
knowing the time,
date and location
of their exams.
Note: All coursework is submitted electronically through ELMA. Please read the School
Policies and Coursework Submission Procedures which you will find here.
Your overall course mark is derived by weighting each component as specified and
calculating an average. To pass the course, you need to achieve a mark of at least 40
for the course overall and pass the exam (min. mark of 40).

TUTORIAL PARTICIPATION
Your tutor will be looking for you to contribute ideas and/or ask questions to
stimulate discussion. You should base your contributions on your analysis
of the readings, listen to others when they talk, and incorporate and/or
build on others’ ideas. The focus will be on the quality, rather than quantity
of your contributions. It’s not a race to see who can say the most, nor will those
who talk most necessarily receive the highest marks. Rather, students will be
rewarded for their capacity to make relevant points, utilize the readings
where appropriate, as well as listen to and engage with others.
ESSAY
You must answer one of the questions from the options below. Your essay should be
no more than 1500 words in length. In text references are included in the word-
count; the title and bibliography are not included. You must provide a word count.
Your essay work will cover the first part of the course – that is, all the essay titles reflect
topics discussed up to the end of Week 6. The essay is due on 29 October at noon.
Essay Options
Answer one of the following questions, using academic references (clearly indicate on
your essay which option you have chosen):
Option A: Does globalization tend to cause disorder in world politics?
Option B: Would the world be more peaceful without nationalism?
Option C: Is Robert Cox correct in his assertion that IR theory is always

`for someone and for some purpose’?
Option D: Is the UK’s political party system no longer serving the public
interest?
Essay Assessment
The essay is marked by your tutor. The course organiser will second-read a sample of
essays from each tutorial group to ensure equal marking standards across tutorial
groups. The following are the criteria through which the Essay will be marked. It is
important to note that the overall mark is a result of a holistic assessment of the
assignment as a whole.
Does the essay address the question set, and with sufficient focus?
Does the essay show a grasp of the relevant concepts and knowledge?
Does the essay demonstrate a logical and effective pattern of argument?
Does the essay support arguments with relevant, accurate and effective forms
of evidence?
Does the essay demonstrate critical thinking in relation to arguments and
evidence?
Is the essay adequately presented in terms of: correct referencing and quoting,
spelling, grammar and style, layout and visual presentation?
Please note – Footnotes and Endnotes are included in the word count of the essay!!
(the bibliography is not)

Essay Submission
Coursework is submitted online using our electronic submission system, ELMA. You
will not be required to submit a paper copy of your work. Marked coursework, grades
and feedback will be returned to you via ELMA. You will not receive a paper copy of
your marked course work or feedback.
EXAM
The exam comprises 60% of your overall mark and consists of two sections; you must
answer one question in each section. There will be several options in each section. The
exam lasts 2 hours. It will take place during the 2018 December exam diet.
Note: Registration for examinations is handled automatically by the University’s student

record system. Details of the exam will be made available at the following link:
http://www.ed.ac.uk/student-administration/exams/exam-diets. The exam date is set
by the university and is non-negotiable; you are advised not to pre-book non-
refundable travel or make other arrangements which may clash with the exam.
On Thursday 22 November 2018, a Question/Answer and Revision session will be

held during the usual lecture slot. The course organiser, Dr Stephen Hill, will address
substantive questions raised by students beforehand via a discussion board on
LEARN, go over sample questions, and offer tips on how best to prepare for the exam
and perform your best during the exam.
IPIR exam questions of previous years are attached to this course guide (Appendix 6).
Past exam papers from earlier years can also be found via the main library's homepage
at http://www.lib.ed.ac.uk.
Overall Course Result

Your final grade will be decided by your tutor, the course organiser, and the Board of
Examiners. In the course of the tutorials you will have the opportunity to discuss criteria
and processes of assessment. Knowing how you are being assessed ought to help
you produce work that we will be glad to give a high mark!
In order to achieve a Pass in Introduction to Politics and International Relations,

students must pass the Examination. The pass mark is 40. Please refer to the
Programme Handbook for further information.
To pass IPIR, students must gain a passing average in the exam and a passing
average overall. The pass mark for coursework and the examination is 40. For those
failing or missing the exam, a resit examination is held in mid/late August 2019. It is
the student's responsibility to check the resit timetable on the Registry's website
[http://www.registry.ed.ac.uk/], find the time and location of the resit exam, and ensure
they are present for that resit. No formal registration is necessary and students will not
be individually notified of the resit date and location.
Communication and Feedback

You are strongly encouraged to use email for routine communication with lecturers. We
shall also communicate with you through e-mail. All students are provided with email

addresses on the university system. If you are not sure of your address (which is based
on your matric number), check your EUCLID database entry using the Student Portal.
This is the ONLY email address we shall use to communicate with you. Please note
that we will NOT use ‘private’ email addresses such as Yahoo or Hotmail; it is therefore
essential that you check your university email regularly, preferably each day.
If you have any concerns, they should be taken first of all to your tutor. The easiest time
to see your tutor is just before or after a tutorial. Tutors can also be contacted via email.
More serious personal problems are best dealt with by your Personal Tutor or Student
Support Officer, who will let us know, for example, if you have been ill or, for some other
serious reason, unable to keep up with the work for part of the course.
Administrative problems to do with the course can usually be dealt with by your tutor,
but you may, if necessary, consult with the Course Organiser, Dr Stephen Hill
(stephen.hill@ed.ac.uk), e.g. about problems to do with tutorial teaching.
There are various avenues for you to provide us with feedback about the course:
• At the end of each section, some tutorial time will be given over to feedback
sessions on various aspects of the course, and the tutors will pass on your
comments to the course organiser.
• We will ask each tutorial group to elect a tutorial representative. Some of the
tutorial reps will become the class representatives (their names and contact
addresses will be posted on the Introduction to Politics and International
Relations Learn page) serving on the Staff-Student Liaison Committee. The
Staff-Student Liaison Committee meets to discuss students’ ideas about the
teaching of the course. Make sure you know who your own tutorial group
representative is.
• At the end of the course, we ask all students to fill in a questionnaire about the
various lecture blocks and other aspects of the course. We do hope you will
take note of what you like and dislike as the course progresses, and that you
then take the time to share your experience with us. We do our best to include
your constructive suggestions into the program for subsequent years.
Please check Learn regularly for announcements and individual messages.
Reading Materials and Resource List

This course handbook will be your primary source for what to read on each topic and
where you can find the required and recommended readings. An additional tool to
help you find the assigned readings is the Resource List, which is available
through Learn or at http://resourcelists.ed.ac.uk/index.html (search for Ìntroduction
to Politics and International Relations’). All of the required (or èssential’) readings
are either in the custom textbook or in the Resource List. The List also provides basic
information about where to find a specific source and whether the library holds a hard
copy, an electronic copy or whether the reading is available on the internet.
Course Textbook
There is ONE required course textbook for IPIR, which you are expected to buy. It
is a customised book that has been produced especially for this course and contains
a collection of chapters from various Politics and International Relations textbooks.
You can purchase the book at:
Blackwell’s Edinburgh

53-62 South Bridge, Edinburgh
Guidance books for essay writing

These are available as a discounted bundle at Blackwell’s bookstore in 53-62 South
Bridge, Edinburgh:
Godfrey, J. (2013) How to use your reading in your essays (2nd edition).
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Godwin, J. (2014) Planning your essay (2nd edition). Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan.
We have placed several key readings on e-reserve, which means they are available to
you electronically in the resource list and/or through the IPIR LEARN page (not through
the library catalogue). These works are clearly indicated on the reading list as ‘e-
reserve’ readings. You need only click on the link in the resource list or in LEARN (in
the e-reserve folder) to access the assigned reading. The university had to acquire
additional copyrights for these readings to make them available to you electronically
and this is only possible in a pass-worded space like the resource list or LEARN.
The further reading material for this course is found in books, journals, newspapers
and political weeklies, as well as in official publications and internet sites. Almost all
of this material is available in the Main University Library in George Square, or
through its electronic catalogue “DiscoverED” (www.lib.ed.ac.uk/lib/).
Other recommended texts
There are some further texts that are recommended for this course – that is, they will
prove useful throughout the course and occasionally chapters from them will be listed
as ‘required’ or ‘recommended reading’. If you plan to continue studying Politics or
IR they will also be useful in subsequent years.
• Baylis, J., S. Smith and P. Owens (2014) (eds), The Globalization of World Politics,
6th ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press. Also check out their Companion Website
for this book http://global.oup.com/uk/orc/politics/intro/baylis6e/
• Brown, C. and K. Ainley (2009) Understanding International Relations.
• Devetak, R., A. Burke and J. George (2012) Introduction to International Relations,
2nd ed., Cambridge: CUP.
• Harrison, L., A. Little and E. Lock (2015) Politics: Key Concepts. London:
Routledge.
• Heywood, A. (2014) Global Politics, (2nd ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Heywood, A. (2013) Politics, 4th ed.. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Jackson, R.J. (2013) Global Politics in the 21st Century. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
• Kegley Jr., C. and G. Raymond (2010) The Global Future: A Brief Introduction to
World Politics, International edition (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage.
• Leftwich, A. (ed.) (2004) What is Politics?: the Activity and its Study , Oxford : Polity.
• Marshall, T. (2015) Prisoners of Geography. Ten Maps that tell you everything you
need to know about Global Politics. Elliott & Thompson. (e-book in library)
• Runciman, D. (2013) The Confidence Trap: A History of Democracy in Crisis from
World War One to the Present. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
• Smith, S., A. Hadfield and T. Dunne (eds) (2012) Foreign Policy, 2nd edition. Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
• Stoker, G. (2007) Why Politics Matters: Making Democracy Work, Basingstoke:
Palgrave. (e-book in library)

Academic Journals
Articles in periodicals and journals are shorter and often more up-to-date than books.
The current serials (most recent journals and newspapers) are kept on the 3rd floor of
the library. More practical, however, is to access journals online (e.g. via Google
Scholar while logged into the university network with your EASE password).
Several useful journals are ‘e-journals’ which means articles from them can be directly
downloaded through the library’s website. Under ‘simple search’, type in the name of
the journal and the listing will indicate if the journal is available electronically.
Sometimes older issues of journals are available via JSTOR. These are also listed in
the library catalogue. Journals available electronically and relevant for this course
include:
British Journal of Political Science; Comparative Politics; Comparative Political
Studies; Democratization; the Economist; Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy,
Government and Opposition; International Affairs, International Security, Journal
of Democracy; Journal of Politics; Parliamentary Affairs; Political Quarterly,
Political Studies, Politics, and West European Politics. For reports on specific
events or elections, Facts on File and Keesing's Record of World Events are
valuable data sources.
Please note that these links require an internet connection and some may require
‘EASE logon’ or have to be accessed from a computer within the university network.
To learn more about gaining off-campus access to these resources consult the
following website: http://www.lib.ed.ac.uk/resources/shibboleth.html
Newspapers
One of the best ways of keeping abreast of current political developments is by careful
reading of newspapers and periodicals. We recommend you go well beyond checking
the BBC news website as their coverage tends to be incomplete and selective. Try to
read a quality daily to keep up with how politics and IR evolve on a daily basis. The
library also receives several relevant foreign newspapers.
For a weekly review, see the Economist which offers a succinct, readable (if
sometimes contentious) weekly account of political and economic developments. The
Economist also issues a weekly summary of world events, Politics this Week,
accessible at its website (http://www.economist.com) and also distributed by email.
To develop critical arguments, please also make use of alternative news services
such as the one provided by Educate Inspire Change
http://educateinspirechange.org/category/alternative-news/.
Go beyond the reading list for your essay

The reading lists are designed to get you started and set you thinking; they are not
definitive or exhaustive. The assigned course textbook contains useful guides to
further reading at the end of every chapter. Moreover, almost every item on the reading
list will refer in its footnotes to books and articles of related interest; check some of
these references to see whether they are in the library. If you still have difficulty finding
the material you need, consult your tutor.
If you cannot locate a reading listed in this course handbook, please notify the
course organiser (stephen.hill@ed.ac.uk) or the course senior tutor
(lzatsepi@exseed.ed.ac.uk). Make sure, however, that you have looked properly
first.

Lecture, Tutorial, and Study Skills Summary
Lectures are held Mondays, 15.10-16.00 and Thursdays, 14:10-15:00 in George
Square Lecture Theatre.
Week Dates Topics (Lecturer)

1 Lectures Theme: Studying Politics & International Relations
Monday 17 September (1) Welcome (Dr. Hill)
Thursday 20 September (2) Doing Politics & International Relations (Dr. Hill)
2 Tutorial 1: Studying Politics and International Relations
Study Skills 1: Using University Resources and Effectively Managing Workload
Lectures Theme: The State

Monday 24 September (3) The State (Dr. Swenden)
Thursday 27 September (4) The State in Global Politics (Dr. Duncanson)
3 Tutorial 2: The Role of the State in Politics and International Relations
Study Skills 3: Effective Reading and Critical Engagement with Academic Texts
Lectures Theme: Political Ideologies

Monday 1 October (5) Competing Ideologies (Dr. Ozdemir)
Thursday 4 October (6) Nationalism (Dr. Swenden)
4 Tutorial 3: Political Ideologies and Nationalism
Study Skills 3: Writing an Academic Essay
Lectures Theme: Theorizing International Relations

Monday 8 October (7) IR Theory – traditional approaches (Dr. Hill)
Thursday 11 October (8) IR Theory – critical approaches (Dr. Hill)
5 Tutorial 4: Competing IR theories
Study Skills 4: Building a Critical Argument in your Essay
Lectures Theme: Comparative Politics - Comparing Forms of Political

Representation
Monday 15 October (9) Comparing States and Regimes (Dr. Swenden)
Thursday 18 October (10) Parties and Party Systems (Dr. Swenden)
6 Tutorial 5: Forms of Democratic Representation
Study Skills 5: Constructing Bibliographies and Using Quotations
Lectures Theme: Power

Monday 22 October (11) Power, Authority and the State (Dr. Ozdemir)
Thursday 25 October (12) Power in Global Politics (Dr. Hill)
7 Tutorial 6: Power
Study Skills 6: Effective Note-taking in Preparation for your Exams

Lectures Theme: Civil Society
Monday 29 October (13) Civil Society (Dr. Ozdemir)
Thursday 1 November (14) International Pressure Politics: The Case of Global

Environmental Politics (Dr. Ozdemir)
8 Tutorial 7: Civil Society in Global Politics
Study Skills 7: Planning Effective Exam Answers: Revision and Structure
Lectures Theme: Democracy

Monday 5 November (15) Democracy (Dr. Swenden)
Thursday 8 November (16) Democracy in Global Politics (Dr. Hill)
9 Tutorial 8: Democracy and Peace
Study Skills 8: Planning Effective Exam Answers: How to Improve your

Performance
Lectures Theme: Security

Monday 12 November (17) State security and foreign policy (Dr. Hill)
Thursday 15 November (18) Global security (Dr. Duncanson)
10 Tutorial 9: Security and Foreign Policy
Study Skills 9: Understanding Essay Feedback. Concluding Remarks
Lectures Theme: Political Economy

Monday 19 November (19) Political Economy (Dr. Julia Calvert)
Exam preparation
Thursday 22 November (20) Revision Lecture (Dr. Hill)

Course Lectures and Readings
NOTE: All “required readings” are to be read BEFORE the relevant lecture. Most
“required” readings will be available in the IPIR custom textbook that you are
expected to buy. All other “required readings” are available to you electronically
either as “e-reserve” (on the LEARN page) or through the course resource list, or as
a general electronic source (i.e. search title from within the university network using
Google Scholar or search the University Library’s “DiscoverED”).
Email the convenor (stephen.hill@ed.ac.uk) or the course senior tutor
(lzatsepi@exseed.ed.ac.uk) instantly if you cannot locate the “required readings”.
WEEK 1: STUDYING POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Lecture 1: Welcome
Date: Monday 17 September
Lecturer: Dr Stephen Hill
This lecture provides an overview of the course, its learning objectives, mode of
assessment, content and structure.
Required reading:
Garner, R. (2012) ‘Introduction: The Nature of Politics and Political Analysis’, in Garner,
R., P. Ferdinand and S. Lawson (eds) Introduction to Politics (2nd ed.). Oxford: OUP,
1-23. [e-reserve on LEARN]
Stoker, G. (2007) Why Politics Matters. Basingstoke: Palgrave. [custom textbook –
chapter 1]
Lecture 2: Doing Politics and IR
Date: Thursday 20 September
This lecture deals with some of the fundamental questions underlying the study of
Politics and International Relations. Is IR a sub-discipline of Politics, or are they
separate (yet closely linked) disciplines that share a wealth of perspectives and
philosophical puzzles? What are we trying to do as political analysts? Why do we need
theories or ideologies? What levels of analysis are we looking at – the state, the
international system, society, the individual? Are real life events determined by human
action (agency) or are there systemic determinants and constraints (structure) that
make humans do what they do? What is the nature of the world we are studying
(ontology)? How might we study it (epistemology)? In this lecture we will discuss these
abstract questions using a number of examples from Politics and IR.
Required reading:
Savigny, H. and L. Marsden (2011) Doing Politics and International Relations. London:
Palgrave, Introduction and chapter 1 (‘Themes and Issues in Political Science and
International Relations’), 1-42. [custom textbook – chapters 2 and 3]

George, J. (2012) Ìnternational relations theory in an age of critical diversity’, in
Devetak, R., et al, An introduction to International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 22-34. [e-reserve on Learn]
WEEK 2: THE STATE
Lecture 3: The State
Date: Monday 24 September
Lecturer: Dr Wilfried Swenden
This lecture will introduce the concept of the state. In modern political life, the state is
the primary arena for the exercise of political power. We will look at different definitions
of the state and consider its key features and functions. In particular, we will study the
state as the basis of sovereignty and legitimate authority. We will examine the
emergence and development of the state and look at the different types of states that
are evident today. Finally, we will consider the internal and external pressures on the
modern state, especially those that can lead to decreasing legitimacy and even state
failure.
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Politics and the State’ (chapter 3), in Heywood, A. Politics (4th
ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave, pp. 56-79. [custom textbook – chapter 4]
Poggi, G. (2011) ‘The Nation-State’, in D. Caramani (ed.) Comparative Politics (2nd ed.)
Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 67-84. [resource list and e-reserve on
LEARN]
Lecture 4: The State in Global Politics
Date: Thursday 27 September
Lecturer: Dr Claire Duncanson
What is globalization and how is it affecting the modern state system? This lecture and
accompanying readings analyse the features and impact of globalization, including the
changing role of the state, the rise of transnational corporations, changes to the global
economy, and globalization’s impact on trade. Particular attention is paid to the forces
driving globalization and the actors that seem to be playing a more active role in a
‘globalized’ international system. This lecture also looks at the arguments opposing
globalization. Students are encouraged to think about whether globalization is a new
phenomenon, and whether its effects are as negative as are commonly portrayed.
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2014) ‘Introducing Global Politics’ (chapter 1), Global Politics (2nd ed.)
Basingstoke: Palgrave, 1-24. [custom textbook – chapter 5]
McGrew, A. (2014) ‘Globalization and Global Politics’, Baylis, J., S. Smith and P.
Owens (eds) The Globalization of World Politics (6th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 15-31. [resource list and e-reserve on LEARN]

Tutorial 1
Studying Politics and International Relations
Discussion questions: Required Reading:

• Is IR a sub-discipline of politics?
• Are there issues that can only be • Savigny, H. and L. Marsden (2011)
studied by politics or IR? Doing Politics and International
• Can we study politics Relations. London: Palgrave,
scientifically? Introduction and chapter 1 [custom
• Do you think we should focus on textbook – chapters 2 and 3]
the individual, state or
international level of analysis?
Exercise:
• Take a photo of something
`political’ on a camera or mobile
and bring it to class.
WEEK 3: POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES
Lecture 5: Competing Ideologies
Date: Monday 1 October
Lecturer: Dr Ugur Ozdemir
Ideology maybe one of the most elusive and controversial concepts in the whole of
social science. It is a term now used most commonly to refer to a more-or-less
coherent set of ideas that provide a basis for organised political action. Ideological
debates are therefore fascinating manifestations of the diversity of human imagination.
This lecture will examine some of the most prominent ideologies by looking at their
origins and development. As will become clear, ideologies draw on a rich history of
political theory and each one seeks to apply the `lessons of history’ it perceives to the
present. The historical dynamics behind the rise and fall of these rival ideologies will
also be covered. Perhaps the age of ideologies has now passed. Or is it just that
traditional ideologies are becoming irrelevant and the world is now entering a new era
of collective ideas such as environmentalism and green politics?
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Political Ideas and Ideologies’ (chapter 2), in Heywood, A. Politics
(4th ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave, 27-55. [custom textbook – chapter 7]

Lecture 6: Nationalism
Date: Thursday 4 October
Is nationalism an ideology? If not, what is it? It has certainly been one of the most
important political phenomena of the last two centuries. Nationalism has been at the
root of wars of aggression and at the heart of movements of liberation. Nationalism is
a crucial factor underpinning state formation and disintegration and it is said that states
can only survive so long as it citizens feel part of a nation. More subtly, the language
of nationalism and the ‘national interest’ are used to justify many of the activities of
modern states. This lecture will explore nationalism and the nation. We will examine
how the ‘nation’ and how globalization has affected the sense of community and
identity of nations. We will also consider the concept of the ‘nation’ and how it differs
from the concept of the ‘state’ and discuss why the two concepts are often confused.
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Nations and Nationalism’ (chapter 5), in Heywood, A. Politics

(4th ed.), Basingstoke: Palgrave, 108-127. [custom textbook – chapter 8]
Heywood, A. (2014) ‘The Nation in a Global Age’ (chapter 7), Global Politics (2nd ed.)
Tutorial 2
The State

• What is the state and why does it
play such an important role in • Sorensen, G. (2017)
politics? `Globalization and the nation-
• Is the term `nation-state’ a state’, in D. Caramani (4thed.)
misnomer? Comparative Politics. Oxford:
• What are the major regimes of the Oxford University Press.
modern world? [resource list]
• Is the state losing control in the
age of globalization? • Grant, M.L (2018) `Can the
nation-state survive? The
World Today (Feb-March), 34-
Exercises: 35 [resource list]
• Group debates: Is globalization a
force for good or evil? Is the state
losing control in the age of
globalization?

WEEK 4: THEORISING INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Lecture 7: IR Theory – Traditional Approaches
Theory and theorization – i.e. making sense of something theoretically – are key
aspects of the study of International Relations. For a number of decades, the field has
been dominated by intellectual disputes between the two main traditions of Liberalism
and Realism, which continue to play a central role in IR research and debate. In this
lecture we look at the basic tenets of each and talk about how they influence
contemporary thinking about global politics. The aim is to help you to start thinking of
everyday political problems in a theoretically informed way, and to start using theories
as tools for getting a better understanding of some of the puzzles and problems we will
discuss throughout this course.
Required readings:
Heywood, A. (2014) ‘Why Theory Matters’, in A. Heywood. Global Politics (2nd ed.)
Grieco, J., G. Ikenberry and M. Mastanduno (2015) ‘Theories of International

Relations’ (chapter 3, in particular 70-86), in Introduction to International Relations.
Lecture 8: IR Theory - Critical Approaches
Building on the previous lecture on traditional perspectives in IR, this lecture will
discuss ‘critical’ approaches to the discipline. The term ‘critical’ is used because it
suggests a radical departure from the traditional viewpoints covered in the last lecture.
Critical approaches focus on casting new light on aspects of IR that they think have
been neglected or overlooked for too long. Part of this discussion will be the interesting
question of whether theory is ever value-free, or whether theorists themselves might,
in fact, have a political agenda that informs the theoretical explanations they present
as solutions to political problems and issues. Ultimately, this aims at reminding you
how powerful your decisions are as an analyst – the way you decide to define key
issues in global politics determines your findings and the explanations that seem ‘true’
to you.
Required readings:
Grieco, J., G. Ikenberry and M. Mastanduno (2015) ‘Theories of International

Relations’ (chapter 3, in particular 86-103), in Introduction to International Relations.
Basingstoke: Palgrave, 70-103. [custom textbook - chapter 11]
Schouten, P. (2009) ‘Theory Talk #37: Robert Cox on World Orders, Historical Change,
and the Purpose of Theory in International Relations’, Theory Talks,
http://www.theory-talks.org/2010/03/theory-talk-37.html (last accessed 17-08-18).

Tutorial 3
Ideologies and Nationalism

• What is an ideology?
• Is nationalism an ideology?
• What is the difference between • Watch: Nationalism: Tales of
a nation and a state? Love, Fear and Hatred [video
• Are nations `natural’ political in resource list]
communities?
• Does nationalism inevitably lead • Alter, P. (1994) `What is
to conflict and parochialism? Nationalism?" in P. Alter,
Nationalism. London: Edward
Arnold [e-reserve]
Exercises:
• Chua, A. (2018) `Tribal World:
• Discussion: If you were to make Group Identity is All Foreign
your own video on nationalism, Affairs’, July/August.
what would be your principle [resource list]
message? Is Amy Chua correct
in her assertion that tribal
identity is all important in human
affairs?
*Assign readings for tutorial 4
WEEK 5: COMPARATIVE POLITICS - COMPARING FORMS OF

POLITICAL REPRESENTATION
Lecture 9: Comparing States and Regimes
States come in many forms and guises: we speak of ‘normal’ states, ‘failing states’ or
failed states’, democratic, authoritarian or totalitarian states, developed or developing
states etcetera. What do we mean by these labels and as social scientists in the
making how can we meaningfully compare across states? In this session, you will be
briefly introduced to the comparative method and we will also explain why and how
comparison matters for social enquiry. We use variation in regime types to illustrate
how the comparative method operates in practice and what type of research questions
the comparative method can help you to answer across a range of political topics.

Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Governments, Systems and Regimes’ (chapter 12), in Heywood,

A. Politics (4th ed.), Basingstoke: Palgrave, 265-283. [custom textbook – chapter
12]
Lecture 10: Parties and Party Systems
Dr Wilfried Swenden
This lecture introduces the role of political parties. Political parties play key functions
in democratic states: we look at functions such as interest aggregation, governmental
formation and electoral competition, and compare these roles with parties in non-
democratic states. We analyse key types of political parties (mass, cadre, catch-all and
cartel parties) and their historical evolution. We analyse whether parties still have a
function in the era of social movements and the so-called ‘decline of parties’. We
conclude that parties are still an essential, although changing feature of modern states,
democratic and otherwise.
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Parties and Party Systems’ (chapter 10), in Heywood, A. Politics
(4th ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave, 221-243. [custom text book – chapter 13]
Mair, P. (2008) ‘The Challenge to Party Government’, West European Politics, Vol.
31(1-2), 211-34 [resource list]
You should also visit this website in addition to your reading:

http://www.politicsresources.net/ is a gateway to specific links on parties and party
studies.

Tutorial 4
Competing IR Theories

• What is the difference Read the article associated with the
between an ideology and a theoretical perspective your group has been
theory? assigned – and choose one more from the
• Which of the traditional remaining readings:
theories do you think has the
greatest explanatory power? • Kotkin, S. (2018) `Realist World: The
• Do you agree with the Players Change, but the Game
ontological and Remains, Foreign Affairs, August.
epistemological positions of [resource list]
`traditional’ theories?
• Deudney, D. and Ikenberry, G. J.
Group Exercises: (2018) `Liberal World: The Resilient
Order’, Foreign Affairs, August
• Read the `theoretical [resource list]
perspectives’ on the Iraq
War from Baylis et al. • Wendt, A. (1992) ‘Anarchy is What
[resource list] Similar to States Make of It: The Social
Baylis et al., present one of Construction of Power Politics’,
the theoretical perspectives International Organization, 46(2), pp.
on the question of whether 391-425. [resource list]
NATO expansion caused
Russia to annex/invade • Varghese, R. (2018) Marxist World:
Crimea. (Groups will be What Did You Expect From
arranged in week 4) Capitalism?’, Foreign Affairs, August
[resource list]
WEEK 6: POWER
Lecture 11: Power
Lecturer: Dr Ugur Ozdemir
Power is one of the most important concepts in Politics and IR. In fact, some scholars
see it as a defining element of the discipline. Power affects how resources are
distributed, how countries interact, whether peace or war prevails, and how groups and
individuals pursue their interests; that is, power affects a vast number of topics studied
by political scientists. Surprisingly, it is also one of the most contested concepts in the
field. How is power defined? What are the different forms and dimensions of power?
Can it be measured? In this session we follow the conceptualization and
operationalization steps of the social scientific enquiry around this central concept. We
bring together a variety of theoretical perspectives and their conceptualization of power
and show how such a move can enliven and enrich our understanding of both the
nation state and the global governance.

Required reading:
Garner, R. (2012) ‘Political Power, Authority and the State’ (chapter 2), in Garner, R.,
P. Ferdinand and S. Lawson (eds), Introduction to Politics (2nd ed.). Oxford: OUP, 48-
66. [resource list and e-reserve on LEARN]
Savigny, H. and L. Marsden (2011) `Power’ in Doing Politics and International

Relations. London: Palgrave [custom textbook – chapter 14]
Lecture 12: Power in Global Politics
Building on the analysis of power from the last lecture, this lecture will discuss the
nature and effects of power in global politics. Who are the most powerful actors in
global politics and how do they use their power? Are there any constraints on how
power is used in global politics and how do those constraints work? How does the
`structure’ of the international system affect the prospects for war and peace? Is the
world less prone to conflict when one state has hegemony over it, or is that condition
just a recipe for imperialism and war? This lecture will also discuss the perspectives of
Realists, Liberals and Critical theorists on these and other questions related to power
in global politics.
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2014) ‘Power and 21st Century World Order’ (chapter 9), in Heywood, A.
Politics (2nd ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave, 216-245. [custom textbook – chapter 15]
Nye, J. (2011) `What is Power in Global Affairs’ (chapter 1) in J. Nye, The Future of
Power, Perseus Boks: New York. [resource list]

Tutorial 5
Comparative Politics: Forms of Political Representation

• Do political parties play a
key role in democracies Everyone read:
today? • Keman, H., (2002) "Comparing
• Why is there so much democracies: theories and
variation in party systems evidence" in H. Keman,
across contemporary Comparative democratic politics: a
democracies? guide to contemporary theory and
• Do you still think that most research, London: Sage. pp.32-61
party competition in modern [e-reserve]
democracies revolves
around the so-called Left-
Right debate? Groups on either side of the debate read one of
• Are most parties in Western the following:
democracies catch-all • Smith, M. (2014) ‘A Crisis of Political
parties? Parties’, in Richards, D, Smith, M
and C. Hay (eds) Institutional Crisis
in 21st Century Britain, Basingstoke:
Group Debate: Is there a `crisis of Palgrave. pp. 101-125. [resource
party democracy’? If so, what form list]
does it take in the UK and what are
the potential solutions? • Webb, P (2005) `Political Parties
and Democracy: The Ambiguous
Crisis’, Democratization,12 (5) 633-
650. [resource list]
WEEK 7: CIVIL SOCIETY
Lecture 13: Civil Society
Lecturer: Dr. Ugur Ozdemir
Civil society is one of the three social spheres, the other two being the state and the
market. It is widely used as a descriptive concept to assess the balance between state
authority and private bodies and associations. In the conventional, pluralist view, civil
society is identified as a realm of choice, personal freedom and individual
responsibility. Whereas the state operates through coercive authority, civil society
allows individuals to shape their own destinies. Building on previous week’s discussion
on power, we discuss the nature of civil society and its capacity to transform power
relations. We further discuss the challenges and opportunities information society
provides for civic participation.

Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Politics, Society and Identity’ (chapter 7) and ‘Political Culture and
the Media’ (chapter 8), in Heywood, A. Politics (4th ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave, 151-
195. [custom textbook – chapters 16 & 17]
Lecture 14: Pressure Politics: The Case of Global Environmental Politics
Date: Thursday 1 November
Lecturer: Ugur Ozdemir
A pressure group, or interest group, is an organised association which aims to

influence the policies or actions of government. In the case of environmental politics a
growing number of pressure groups are working towards a sustainable environment
both at the national and the international level. Building on the previous lecture’s
discussion on civil society, we will treat this as a case study where the concerns about
the damage done to the environment by pollution, resource depletion, overpopulation
and so on led to the rise of the ecological or green political ideas and action across the
globe. We will also use this opportunity to discuss one of the key coordination
problems: the tragedy of the commons, i.e- situations where individuals acting
independently and rationally according to each their own self-interest behave contrary
to the best interests of the whole group by depleting some common resource.
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Groups, Interests and Movements’ (chapter 11), in A. Heywood.

Politics (4th ed.). Basingstoke. [custom textbook - chapter 18]
Heywood, A. (2014) ‘Global Environmental Issues’ in A. Heywood. Global Politics (2nd

ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave. [custom textbook – chapter 19]
Tutorial 6
Power

• How would you define power?
• What are the different forms and • Bachrach, P. and Baratz,
dimensions of power? M.S. (1962) ‘Two Faces of
• Which is the most stable balance of Power’, American Political
power in the international system? Science Review, 56 (4), pp.
947-952 [resource list]
Exercise: • Watch: `The End of

Peaceful Global
• Group debate: Does the world Cooperation’ [video in
need the US to act as a global resource list]
leader?

WEEK 8: DEMOCRACY
Lecture 15: Democracy
Date: Monday 5 November
This lecture examines the nature and meaning of democracy. Where does democracy
come from and how has it evolved over time. Why has it been so difficult to find
agreement on a widely accepted definition of democracy? The lecture introduces
students to different forms of democracy (representative, republican, direct;
parliamentary vs liberal). We will also examine disputes about the justification of
democracy. Is democracy of value because it provides a procedure where all voters
have equal political rights? Or is it valuable because it produces better outcomes than
its alternatives? In other words, what does democracy require from those roles and
those who are governed? How can we measure democracy and what do we mean by
democratization? Finally, is there a ‘crisis’ of democracy and if so why?
Required reading:
Heywood, A. (2013) ‘Democracy and Legitimacy’ (chapter 4), in A. Heywood. Politics

(4th ed.). Basingstoke: Palgrave, 80-107. [custom textbook – chapter 20]
Collier, D. and S. Levitsky (1997) ‘Democracy with Adjectives’, World Politics, Vol.
49(3), 430-451. [resource list]
Lecture 16: Democracy in Global Politics
Building on the analysis of democracy conducted in the previous lecture, this lecture
will discuss the effects of democracy in global politics. The core of the debate concerns
the veracity of the `democratic peace’ thesis, which argues that democracies do not
(or hardly ever) go to war with each other. What is the evidence for this thesis? What
might be the causal relationship between democracy and peace? What is the
relationship between democracy and the other elements of the so-called `Liberal
Peace’, economic interdependence and international institutions? If the thesis is
accurate, should the international community seek to spread democracy by force?
Required reading:
Russett, B. (2011) À Neo-Kantian perspective: democracy, interdependence, and

international organizations in building security communities’ [chapter 8, pp.129-146]
in B. Russett, Hegemony and Democracy, London and New York: Routledge.
[resource list]

Waltz, K. (2000) `Structural Realism After the Cold War’, International Security Vol.
25(1), 5-41. [resource list]
Tutorial 7
Civil Society

• What is civil society? • UK Civil Society
• Why are some civil society groups more Strategy: Building a
powerful than others? Future for Everyone
• How does civil society impact politics? (2018) (read Executive
• Can civil society overcome the failure of Summary) [resource
states to cooperate on global problems? list]
• Do you agree with the UK Government’s
2018 Civil Society Strategy? • Rutzen, D. (2015) `Civil
Society Under Assault’,
Exercise: Journal of Democracy,
26 (4), pp. 28-39.
• Discussion: Does civil society need to [resource list]
be protected in foreign countries?
Should democracy be promoted through
civil society? How can this be achieved
without undermining sovereignty?
WEEK 9: SECURITY
Lecture 17: State security and sources of Foreign Policy
Why do countries do what they do in their dealings with other states? That question is
at the heart of much of the discourse and analysis that has been focused on
international relations, and it is the question we seek to answer in this session. Do
leaders shape foreign policy? How do they make sense of the world? What are the
role of advisors and bureaucracies? We investigate these and similar questions using
insights from foreign policy analysis. We further talk about the domestic and
international constraints on foreign policy making and in order to capture the big picture
on the determinants of foreign policy.
Required Reading:
Grieco, J., G. Ikenberry and M. Mastanduno (2015) ‘The Analysis of Foreign Policy’
(chapter 4), in Introduction to International Relations. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
[custom textbook – Chapter 21]

Heywood, A. (2014) ‘The State and Foreign Policy in a Global Age’, Global Politics (2nd
ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave. [custom textbook – chapter 6]
Kegley, C. and G. Raymond (2010) ‘Foreign Policy Decision Making’ (chapter 3), in
The Global Future: A Brief Introduction to World Politics (3rd edition). Boston, MA:
Cengage. [resource list and e-reserve on LEARN]
Lecture 18: Global Security- Dilemma and Risk
Lecturer: Dr Claire Duncanson
This lecture provides an overview of the field of global security or, as it is sometimes
known, Security Studies. At the centre of it lies the understanding of the causes of war
and violent conflict and the means to resolve such conflicts and restore peace. The
lecture addresses the causes and consequences of security threats and the broader
“widened” security agenda which includes such issues as the proliferation of weapons
of mass destruction, terrorism, and the environment. We look at how something
becomes a security issue and what this means for the politics surrounding it.
Required Reading
Bourne, M. (2014) ‘What is Security?’ (introduction) and ‘Understanding and

Theorizing Security’ (chapter 1), in Understanding Security, Basingstoke: Palgrave.
[custom textbook - chapters 22 & 23]
Tutorial 8
Democracy

• What are the core features of
democratic rule? • Burnell, P (2017) `From
• Is the democratic peace thesis Supporting Democracy to
correct? Supporting Autocracy’ in D.
• Are we witnessing the ènd of Caramani (ed.) Comparative
the democratic century’? Politics. Oxford: Oxford University
• Do you agree with David Press. Chap.25. [resource list]
Miliband’s argument?
• In light of Miliband’s argument • Miliband, D. (2008) The
– how do you think the UK Democratic Imperative, Aung San
should respond to recent Suu Kyi Lecture at St. Hugh’s
events in Turkey (see below) College, Oxford. [resource list]
Exercises: • Hill, S. (2019) Ìs Turkey becoming

• Group debate: Is Turkey authoritarian?’, in S. Hill (ed.)
becoming less democratic? Taking Sides, McGraw-Hill.
Does it matter? Should it be [resource list]
expelled from NATO?

WEEK 10: POLITICAL ECONOMY
Lecture 19: Political Economy in a Global Age
Lecturer: Dr Julia Calvert
Required Reading
Heywood, A. (2014) `The Economy in a Global Age’ in A. Heywood. Global Politics.

(2nd ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave. [custom textbook - chapter 24]
Lecture 20: Revision (Q&A)
This lecture slot will be used for a Question/Answer and Exam Revision session. Dr
Hill will answer substantive questions emailed by students beforehand, go over sample
questions, and offer tips on how best to prepare for the exam and perform your best
during the exam.

Tutorial 9
Security and Foreign Policy

• Rifkind, M. et al. (2014) `Summary
• How would you define Conclusions’ in The Trident
security? Commission Report, BASIC. pp.5-9.
• What do you think counts [resource list]
as a security issue?
• How can security best be • Duncanson, C. & Eschle, C. (2008)
achieved in our anarchic `Gender and the Nuclear Weapons
international system? State: A Feminist Critique of the UK
• Does Foreign Policy Government's White Paper on
Analysis belong in Trident’, New Political Science, 30 (4),
Politics or IR? pp. 545-563. [resource list]
• ``Trident nuclear deterrent 'completely

Exercises: useless' say retired military officers’’,
The Telegraph, 16 Jan 2009.
• Foreign Policy Group [resource list]
debate: Was the renewal
of Trident the result of • Hopkins, N. (2012) `Sea-based
domestic or international nuclear deterrent expensive and
politics? Was it a rational 'insane' – ex-defence minister’, The
decision? Does the Guardian, 13 Dec. [resource list]
`bureaucratic politics’
model explain the
decision best?

Further Readings
Lecture 1: Studying Politics and IR
Leftwich, A. (ed.) (2004) What is Politics? The Activity and its Study. Oxford: Polity,
see especially ‘On the Politics of Politics’, 1-18. [e-book in library]
Marshall, T. (2015) Prisoners of Geography. Ten Maps that tell you everything you
need to know about Global Politics. Elliott & Thompson. [e-book in library]
Lecture 2: Doing Politics and IR
Burnham, P. et al. (2008) Research Methods in Politics (2nd ed.) Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Della Porta, D. and M. Keating (2010) Approaches and Methodologies in the Social
Sciences: A Pluralist Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Harrison, L. and T. Callan (2013) Key Research Concepts in Politics and International
Relations. London: SAGE.
Hay, C. (2002) Political Analysis: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Kellstedt, P. and G. Whitten (2013) The Fundamentals of Political Science Research
(2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Marsh, D. and G. Stoker (2010) Theory and Methods in Political Science (3rd ed.).
Moses, J. and T. Knutsen (2007) Ways of Knowing. Competing Methodologies in
Social and Political Research. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Singer, D. (1961) ‘The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations’, World
Politics Vol. 14(1), 77-92.
Wendt, A. (1992) ‘Levels of Analysis vs. Agents and Structures: Part III’, Review of
International Studies Vol. 18(2), 181-185.
Lecture 3: The State
Dunleavy, P. and O’Leary, B. (1987) Theories of the State: the Politics of Liberal
Democracy Basingstoke: Macmillan Education. [chapter 1]
Garner, R. (2012) ‘Politics and the State’, in Garner, R., P. Ferdinand and S. Lawson
(eds), Introduction to Politics (2nd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 27-47.
Gill, G. (2003) The Nature and Development of the Modern State. Basingstoke:
Palgrave, ch. 1 ‘The Modern State’, 1-32.
Hay, C., M. Lister and D. Marsh (eds.) (2006) The State. Theories and Issues.
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan [in particular Peters, B.G. and J. Pierre
`Governance, Government, and the State: chapter 11] [e-reserve on LEARN]
Krasner, S. (2013) ‘New terrains: Sovereignty and alternative conceptions of power’, in
Finnemore, M. and J. Goldstein (eds.) Back to Basics: State Power in a Contemporary
World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mann, M. (1990) The Rise and Decline of the Nation State. Oxford: Blackwell, ch. 10.
Paul, T. et al (2003) The Nation-State in Question. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University
Press.
Pierson, C. (2004) The Modern State (2nd ed.). London: Routledge, ch.1 ‘Modern
States’, 4-26.
Poggi, G. (1990) The State: its Nature, Development and Prospect. Oxford: Polity.
Roeder, P. (2007) ‘Who gets a State of their Own’ in Where Nation-States Come From,
Princeton, NJ.: Princeton University Press, ch. 1, 3-42.

Rokkan, S. and Urwin, D. (1982) The Politics of Territorial Identity: Studies in European
Regionalism. London: Sage. (chapter on ‘Centres and Peripheries in Western
Europe’)
Rotberg, R. (ed.) (2003) When States Fail: Causes and Consequences. Princeton, N.J.:
Princeton University Press.
Sørenson, G. (2004) The Transformation of the State. Beyond the Myth of Retreat.
Basingstoke: Palgrave.
Spruyt H. (1994) The Sovereign State and its Competitors, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton
University Press.
Tilly, C. and Ardant, G. (1975) The Formation of National States in Western Europe,
Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Weber, M. et al. (1970) From Max Weber: Essays in Sociology, London: Routledge.
Lecture 4: The State in Global Politics
Castells. M. (2000) The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell.

Duffield, M. (2001) Global Governance and the New Wars. London: Zed.
Edkins and Zehfuss (2009) Global Politics: A New Introduction. Routledge (esp. chs.
9 and 10).
Enloe, C (2014) Bananas, Beaches and Bases (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of
California Press.
Held, D. and A. McGrew (2007) Globalization/Anti-Globalization. Cambridge: Polity
Press.
Hirst, P. Thompson and S. Bromley (2015) Globalization in Question. John Wiley &
Sons.
Jaggar, A. (2001) Ìs Globalization Good for Women’, Comparative Literature Vol
53(4), 298-314.
Kaplinsky, R. (2013) Globalization, Poverty and Inequality: Between a Rock and a
Hard Place. John Wiley & Sons.
Krasner, S. (1995/6) ‘Compromising Westphalia’, International Security Vol. 20(3),
115-151.
Lechner, F. and J. Boli, (2015) The Globalization Reader (5th ed.). Malden, MA:
Blackwell.
Mahbubani, K. (2013) The Greatest Convergence: Asia, the West and the Logic of One
World. New York: Public Affairs.
Porter, P. (2015) The Global Village Myth. Washington D.C.: Georgetown University
Press.
Rodrik, D. (2011) The Globalization Paradox: Democracy and the Future of the World
Economy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Rosenberg, T. (2002) ‘The Free Trade Fix’, New York Times Magazine, 18 March 2002
(*a good introduction to globalization).
Sassen, S. (2013) Losing Control? Sovereignty in the Age of Globalization. New York:
Columbia University Press.
Scholte, J. (2005) Globalization: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Slaughter, A. (2004) A New World Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Alos
see more recent articles here; https//scholar.princeton.edu/slaughter/articles
Steger, M. (2013) Globalization: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Strange, S. (1999) `The Westfailure System’, Review of International Studies, Vol
25(3), 345-354.

See also: Journal of Critical Globalisation Studies [e-journal]
Lecture 5: Competing Ideologies
Anderson, B. (1983) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of

Nationalism. London: Verso.
Bell, D. (2009) ‘Communitarianism’, in Zalta, E.N. (ed.) The Stanford Encyclopedia of
Philosophy, Stanford, CA: Stanford University.
Berlin, I. (2002) ‘Two Concepts of Liberty’, H. Hardy (ed.) Liberty: Incorporating
Four Essays on Liberty, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Elster, J. (1985) Making Sense of Marx. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press
Geoghegan, V. and R. Wilford (2014) Political Ideologies. An Introduction. London:
Routledge.
Harris, E. (2009) Nationalism: Theories and Cases. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University
Press.
Heywood, A. (2012) Political Ideologies. An Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan.
Kaltwasser, R.C. (2013) ‘The Responses of Populism to Dahl’s Democratic Dilemmas’,
Political Studies Vol. 62(3), 470-487.
Kymlicka, W. (1989) Liberalism, Community, and Culture. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Kymlicka, W. (1990) ‘Feminism’, in Contemporary Political Philosophy: An
Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Laqueur, W. (1996) Fascism. Past, Present and Future. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Nozick, R. (1977) Anarchy, State and Utopia. New York: Basic Books.
Nussbaum, M. (2002) ‘Rawls and Feminism’, S. Freeman (ed.) Cambridge Companion
to Rawls, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Spivak, G. (1999) A Critique of Postcolonial Reason. Cambridge: Harvard University
Press.
Stavrakakis, Y. (1997) ‘Green Ideology: A Discursive Reading’, Journal of Political
Ideologies Vol. 2(3), 259-279.
Vincent, A. (2009) Modern Political Ideologies. John Wiley and Sons.
Lecture 6: Nationalism
Alter, P. (1994) ‘What is Nationalism?’ in Nationalism (2nd ed.). London: Edward

Arnold, ch.1.
Anderson, B. (2006) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of
Nationalism. London: Verso.
Anderson, M. (2000) States and Nationalism in Europe since 1945. London: Routledge.
Axtmann, R. (2003) (ed.) Understanding Democratic Politics, London: Sage, chapters
11 and 27.
Billig, M. (1995) Banal Nationalism. London: Sage.
Breuilly, J. (2014) ‘Nationalism’ in Baylis, J., S. Smith and P. Owens (eds.) The
Globalization of World Politics (6th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch. 25.
Brown, D. (1999) ‘Are there Good and Bad Nationalisms?’, Nations and Nationalism,
Vol. 5(2), 281-302.
Brubaker, R. (1996) Nationalism Reframed. Nationhood and the national question in
the New Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Calhoun, C. (1997) Nationalism. Buckingham: Open University Press, chs 1, 4 and 5.
Gellner, E. (1997) Nationalism. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
Greenfeld, L. (1993) Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity, Cambridge, Mass.:
Harvard University Press, ch.1.
Hall, J.A. (ed.) (1998) The State of the Nation. Ernest Gellner and the Theory of
Nationalism. Cambridge: CUP.
Halliday, F. (2005) ‘Nationalism’, in J. Baylis et al. (eds) The Globalization of World
Politics, ch.23.
Hechter, M. (2000) Containing Nationalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hearn, J. (2006) Rethinking Nationalism: a Critical Introduction. Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan, ch.1.
Heywood, A. (2003) Political Ideologies: an Introduction, Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan, ch.5
Hobsbawm, E. J. (1992) Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, ch.6.
Ichijo, A and G. Uzelac (eds) (2005) When is the Nation? Towards an understanding
of theories of nationalism, London: Routledge.
Kaldor, M. (2004) ‘Nationalism and Globalisation’, Nations and Nationalism, Vol.
10(1/2), 161-178.
Miller, D. (1997) On Nationality, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Minogue, K.R. (1969) Nationalism, London: Methuen.
O’Duffy, B. (2009) ‘The Nation-State and Nationalism’ (chapter 3), in Bara, J. and M.
Pennington (eds) Comparative Politics. London: SAGE, 69-92. [e-book in library]
Ozkrimli, U. (2010) ‘Modernism’ in Theories of Nationalism: A Critical Introduction
(2nd ed.), London: Palgrave Macmillan, 72-142. [e-reserve on LEARN]
Renan, E. (first published 1882) ‘What is a Nation?’, reprinted in Bhabha, H K. (ed.)
(1990) Nation and Narration. London: Routledge.
Sekulic, D. (1997) ‘The Creation and Dissolution of the Multinational State: The Case
of Yugoslavia’, Nations and Nationalism, Vol. 3(2), 165-180.
Smith, A. D. (1991) National Identity. London: Penguin.
Lecture 7: IR Theory – Traditional Approaches
Brown, C. and K. Ainley (2009) Understanding International Relations. Basingstoke:

Palgrave Macmillan, chapter 1. [e-book and e-reserve on LEARN]
De Carvalho, B. et al. (2011) ‘The Big Bangs of IR: The Myths That Your Teachers Still
Tell You about 1648 and 1919,’ Millennium Vol. 39(3), 735-758.
Mearsheimer, J. (2005) ‘E. H. Carr versus Idealism: the Battle Rages On’, International
Relations, Vol. 19(3), June 2005, 139-52.
Snyder, J. (2004) ‘One World, Rival Theories’, Foreign Policy Vol. 145, 53-62.
Walt, S. (1998) ‘International Relations: One World, Many Theories’, Foreign Policy,
Vol. 110 (Special Edition: ‘Frontiers of Knowledge’), 29-46.
Realisms
Gray, C. (1999) ‘Clausewitz Rules, OK? The Future is the Past with GPS’, Review of
Green, D. and Shapiro, I. (1994) Pathologies of rational choice theory: A critique of
applications in political science. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Green, D. and Shapiro, I. (1995) ‘Pathologies revisited: Reflections on our critics’,
Critical Review: A Journal of Politics and Society, 235-276.

Grieco, J. (1988) ‘Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation: a Realist Critique of the
Newest Liberal Institutionalism’, International Organization 42:3, 485-507.
Legro, J. and A. Moravcsik (1999) ‘Is Anybody still a Realist?’, International Security,
24:2, 5-55.
Mearsheimer, J. (1994) ‘The false promise of international institutions’, International
Security 19:3, 5-49. (see also Keohane and Martin 1995 below)
Mearsheimer, John J. (2001) The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York: W.W.
Norton.
Morgenthau, H. 1993 [1985] Politics Among Nations. The Struggle for Power and
Peace. Brief edition revised by Kenneth W. Thompson. Boston, McGraw-Hill.
Waltz, K. (1954) Man, the State and War. A Theoretical Analysis. New York: Columbia
University Press.
Waltz, K. (1979) Theory of International Politics. Boston, McGraw-Hill.
Waltz, K. (1988) ‘The Origins of War in Neorealist Theory’, The Journal of
Interdisciplinary History 18:4: 615-628.
Waltz, K. (1993) ‘The Emerging Structure of International Politics’, International
Security 18(2), 44-79.
Liberalisms
Adler, E. and M. Barnett (eds) (1998) Security Communities. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press.
Deudney, D. and G. Ikenberry, (1999) ‘The Nature and Sources of Liberal International
Order’, Review of International Studies 25:2, 179-196.
Doyle, Michael W. (1986) ‘Liberalism and World Politics’, American Political Science
Review 80:4, 1151–1169.
Jervis, R. (1978) ‘Cooperation Under the Security Dilemma’, World Politics 30:2, 167-
214.
Keohane, R.O. (1998) ‘International Institutions: Can Interdependence Work?’,
Foreign Policy Vol. 110 (Spring) 82-96.
Keohane, R.O. (2005) [reprint of 1984]. After Hegemony. Cooperation and Discord in
the World Political Economy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Keohane, R. and J. Nye (1987) ‘Power and Interdependence Revisited’, International
Organization 41:4, 725-753.
Keohane, R. and L. Martin (1995) ‘The Promise of Institutionalist Theory’, International
Security 20:1, 39-51.
Krasner, S. (ed.) (1983) International Regimes. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Kratochwil, F. and J. Ruggie (1986) ‘International Organization: A State of the Art on
an Art of the State’, International Organization 40:4, 753-775.
Mansfield, E. and B. Pollins (2001) ‘The Study of Interdependence and Conflict’,
Journal of Conflict Resolution 45:6, 834-59.
Moravcsik, A. (1997) ‘Taking Preferences Seriously: A liberal theory of International
Politics’, International Organization 51:04, 513-553.
Oye, K. (ed.) (1986) Cooperation under Anarchy. Princeton: P. University Press.
Constructivisms
Giddens, A. (2013) The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration

(revised edition). Cambridge: Polity.
Huysmans, J. (2002) ‘Defining Social Constructivism in Security Studies: the
Normative Dilemma of Writing Security’, Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 27:1,
41–62.
Jackson, P. and Nexon, D. (2004) ‘Constructivist Realism or Realist‐Constructivism?’
International Studies Review, 6:2, 337-341.

Wendt, A. (1992) ‘Anarchy is What States Make of it: the Social Construction of Power
Politics’, International Organization 46:2, 391-425.
Wendt, A. (1995) ‘Constructing International Politics’, International Security, 20:1, 71-
81.
Williams, Michael C. (2001) ‘The Discipline of the Democratic Peace: Kant, Liberalism
and the Social Construction of Security Communities,’ European Journal of
International Relations 7:4, 525–553.
Lecture 8: IR Theories – Critical Approaches
General
Cox, R. W. (1981) ‘Social Forces, States and World Orders: Beyond International
Relations Theory’, Millennium: Journal of International Studies Vol. 10(2), 126-155.
Krause, K. (1998) ‘Critical Theory and Security Studies. The Research Programme of
Critical Security Studies’, Cooperation and Conflict Vol. 33(3), 298-333.
Levine, D. (2013) Recovering International Relations: The Promise of Sustainable
Critique. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Linklater, A. (1996) ‘13 The Achievements of Critical Theory’, in Smith, S., Booth, K.,
& Zalewski, M. (eds) (1996) International theory: positivism and beyond. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 279-. [e-book in library]
McCormack, T. (2013) Critique, Security and Power. The Political Limits to
Emancipatory Approaches. London: Routledge.
Ethnocentrism and cultural critiques
Acharya, A. and B. Buzan (2007) ‘Why is there no non-Western international relations

theory? An introduction’, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific Vol. 7(3), 287-
312.
Agier, M. (2011) The undesirables of the world and how universality changed camp.
OpenDemocracy. Available at http://www.opendemocracy.net/michel-
agier/undesirables-of-world-and-how-universality-changed-camp (last accessed 23-
08-2016).
Barkawi, T. and M. Laffey (2006) ‘The Postcolonial Moment in Security Studies’,
Review of International Studies Vol. 32(2), 329-352.
Bilgin, P. (2008) ‘Thinking Past Western IR?’, Third World Quarterly Vol. 29(1), 5-23.
Bilgin, P. (2010) ‘The “Western-Centrism” of Security Studies: “Blind Spot” or
Constitutive Practice?’, Security Dialogue Vol. 41(6), 615-622.
Dalby, S. (1988) ‘Geopolitical Discourse: the Soviet Union as Other’, Alternatives:
Global, Local, Political Vol. 13(4), 415–442.
Hobson, J.M. (2007) ‘Is Critical Theory Always for the White West and for Western
Imperialism? Beyond Westphilian Towards a Postracist Critical IR’, Review of
International Studies 33, 91-116.
Critical Security Studies
Fierke, K. M. (2007) Critical approaches to international security. Cambridge: Polity.

Jaffe, Greg (2012) ‘The World is Safer but no one in Washington can talk About it’,
Washington Post, 4 November 2012.
Krause, K. and A. Latham (1998) ‘Constructing Non-Proliferation and Arms Control:
The Norms of Western Practice’, Contemporary Security Policy Vol. 19(1), 23-54.
Krause, K. and M. Williams (eds) (1997) Critical Security Studies. Concepts and
Cases. London: UCL Press.
Nunes, J. (2012) ‘Reclaiming the political: Emancipation and critique in security
studies’, Security Dialogue, Vol. 43(4), 345-361.

Peoples, C. and N. Vaughan-Williams (2010) Critical Security Studies. An Introduction.
London: Routledge.
Salter, M. and C. Mutlu (eds) (2013) Research Methods in Critical Security Studies: An
Introduction. London: Routledge. [e-book in library]
Shepherd, L. (ed.) (2013) Critical Approaches to Security: An Introduction to Theories
and Methods. London: Routledge.
Feminism
Aganthangelou and Ling (2009) Transforming World Politics: From Empire to Multiple
Worlds. Abingdon: Routledge.
Collins, A. (ed.) (2013) Contemporary Security Studies (3rd edition). Oxford: Oxford
University Press. [chapter 9]
Duncanson, C. (2013) Forces for Good? Military Masculinities and Peacebuilding in
Afghanistan and Iraq. Basingstoke: Palgrave Press
Duncanson, C. (2016) Gender and Peacebuilding. Cambridge: Polity
Enloe, C. (2014) Bananas, Beaches and Babes: Making Feminist Sense of
International Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Kinsella, H. (2016) `Feminism’ in J. Baylis, S. Smith, S. and P. Owens (eds.) The
Globalization of World Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Peoples, C. and N. Vaughan-Williams (2010) Critical Security Studies. An Introduction.
London: Routledge. [chapter 2 ‘Feminist and Gender Approaches’]
Peterson V.S. and A.S. Runyan (2014) Global Gender Issues in the New Millennium.
Boulder: Westview Press.
Shepherd, L.J. (2014) Gender Matters in Global Politics: A Feminist Introduction to
Global Politics. Abingdon: Routledge.
Steans J. (2013) Gender and International Relations (3rd ed.) Cambridge: Polity Press
Stern, M. and M. Zalewski (2009) ‘Feminist Fatigue (s): Reflections on Feminism and
Familiar Fables of Militarisation’, Review of International Studies Vol. 35:3, 611-630.
Tickner, J. (2004) ‘Feminist responses to international security studies’, Peace review
Vol. 16(1), 43-48.
Tickner, A. (2014) A Feminist Voyage through International Relations. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Wibben, A. (2010) Feminist security studies: a narrative approach. London: Routledge.
Young, I.M. (2003) ‘Feminist Reactions to the Contemporary Security Regime’, Hypatia
Vol. 18(1), 223-231.
Lecture 9: Comparing States and Regimes
Berger, M. (ed.) (2004) ‘After the Third World? History, destiny and the fate of Third
Worldism’ Third World Quarterly, Vol. 25(1), 9-39.
Brooker, P. (2009) Non-Democratic Regimes; theory, government and politics.
Cai, Y. (2008) ‘Power Structure and Regime Resilience: Contentious Politics in China’,
British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 38, 411-32.
Chehabi, H. and J. Linz (1998) Sultanistic Regimes. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University.
Landman, T. (2008) Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics (3rd edition). London:
Routledge (especially chapter 1 on ‘why compare countries’ and chapter 9 on
‘transitions to democracy’). [e-reserve on LEARN]
Leftwich, A. (2011) ‘Theorizing the State’, in Burnell, P., L. Rakner and V. Randall
(eds.) Politics in the Developing World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 181-95.
Levitsky S. and L.A. Way (2002) ‘The Rise of Competitive Authoritarianism’, Journal of
Democracy Vol. 13(2), 51-66.

Lijphart, A. (1999) Patterns of Democracy. Parliamentary vs. Presidential Government.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1-27. [e-reserve on LEARN]
Linz, J.J. (2000) Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
Lecture 10: Parties and Party Systems
Bolleyer, Nicole (2014) New Parties in Old Party Systems. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Detterbeck, K. (2012) Multi-Level Party Politics in Western Europe, Basingstoke:
Palgrave.
Duverger, M (1959) Political Parties, London: Methuen.
Ferdinand, P. (2012) ‘Votes, Elections, Parties’ (chapter 11), in Garner, R., P.
Ferdinand and S. Lawson (2012), Introduction to Politics (2nd ed.), Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 240-263.
Gunther, R. et al. (2002) Political Parties: Old Concepts and New Challenges. Oxford:
Gunther, R. and L. Diamond (2003) ‘Species of Political Parties: A New Typology’,
Party Politics, Vol. 9(2), 167-199.
Katz, R. (2011) ‘Political Parties’ in Caramani, D. (ed.) Comparative Politics. Oxford:
Katz, R. and W. Crotty (eds) (2006) Handbook of Party Politics. London: Sage.
Katz, R and P. Mair (1995) ‘Changing Models of Party Organisation and Party
Democracy: the Emergence of the Cartel Party’, Party Politics, Vol. 1(1), 5-28.
Lipset, S.M. and Rokkan, S. (1967) Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-
national Perspectives, New York: Free Press.
Lewis, P. (2000) Political Parties in Post-Communist Eastern Europe. London:
Routledge.
Luther, K. and Deschouwer, K. (1999) Party Elites in Divided Societies, London:
Routledge.
Luther, K. and F. Müller-Rommel (eds) (2002) Political Parties in the New Europe:
Political and Analytical Challenges. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mair, P. (1998) Party System Change Approaches and Interpretations, Oxford: Oxford
University Press, ch. 2, 5. Available at:
http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/oso/public/content/politicalscience/0198295499/t
oc.html
Mudde, C. (2007) Populist radical right parties in Europe, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Panebianco, A. (1988) Political Parties. Organization and Power, Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Sartori, G. (1976) Parties and Party Systems: a Framework for Analysis, Cambridge:
Special Issue Parliamentary Affairs, ‘What’s Left? The Left in Europe Today’, (2003)
Vol. 56(1).
Ware, A. (1996) Political Parties and Party Systems. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Webb, P. et al (eds) (2002) Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies,
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Lecture 11: Power
Bachrach, P. and M.S. Baratz (1962) ‘Two Faces of Power’, American Political Science
Review, Vol. 56(4), 947-952.
Bachrach, P. and M.S. Baratz (1963) ‘Decisions and Nondecisions: An Analytical
Framework’, American Political Science Review Vol. 57(3), 632-642.

Badie, B., and Birnbaum, P. (1983) The Sociology of the State. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
Baldwin, D. (2000) ‘Power and International Relations’, in Carlsnaes, W. Risse, and B.
Simmons (eds) Handbook of International Relations. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage,
177-191.
Barnett, M. and Duvall, R. (eds) (2005) Power in Global Governance. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1-32.
Boulding, K. E. (1990) Three Faces of Power. London: Sage.
Dahl, R. A. (2005) Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City. Yale
University Press.
Dunleavy, P. and B. O’Leary (1987) Theories of the State: the Politics of Liberal
Democracy. Basingstoke: Macmillan, chapter 1.
Ertman, T. (1997) Birth of the Leviathan. New York: Cambridge University Press
Giddens, A. (1987) The Nation-State and Violence. Berkeley and Los Angeles:
University of California Press.
Hinsley, F.H. (1986) Sovereignty. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Keohane, R. O. and J.S. Nye (2001) Power and Interdependence. Longman Publishing
Group.
Lukes, S. (2005) Power: A Radical View. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 14-59. [e-
book in library]
Nye, Jr., J. S. (2004) Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics. New York:
Public Affairs.
Olson, M. (2000) Power and Prosperity. New York: Basic Books. Chapters 1-4.
Poggi, G. (1990) The State: its Nature, Development and Prospect. Oxford: Polity.
Lecture 12: Power in Global Politics
Baldwin D. (2016) Power and International Relations: A Conceptual Approach.

Princeton N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Barnett, M. and R. Duvall (2005) `Power in International Politics’, International
Organization, Vol. 59(1), 39-75.
Clark, I. (2011) `China and the United States: a succession of hegemonies?’
International Affairs Vol 87(1), 13-28.
Grieco, J. (2007) `Structural realism and the problem of polarity and war’ in F.
Berenskoetter and M. Williams (eds.) Power in World Politics. London and NY:
Routledge
Guzzini, S. (2005) `The Concept of Power: A Constructivist Analysis’, Millennium:
Journal of International Studies, Vol. 33(3), 495-521.
Holsti, K. (1964) `The Concept of Power in the Study of International Relations’,
Background Vol. 7(4),179-194.
Ikenberry, G., W. Mastanduno and W. Wohlforth (2009) ‘Unipolarity, State Behavior,
and Systemic Consequences’, World Politics Vol. 61(1), 1-27.
Joffe, J. (2007) ‘Power Failure: Why Force Doesn’t Buy Order’, The American
Interest, 48-54.
Keohane, R. and J. Nye (2001) Power and Interdependence: World Politics in
Transition. Longman: New York. chapters 1-2.
Lukes, S. (1981) `Power and the Battle for Hearts and Minds’, Millennium: Journal of
Mann, M. (2004) ‘The first failed empire of the 21st century’, Review of International
Studies Vol 30(4), 631-653.
Nexon, D. B. and T. Wright (2007) ‘What’s at Stake in the American Empire Debate’,
American Political Science Review Vol. 101(2), 253-271.
Nye J. (1990) Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power. Basic
Books, New York.

Nye, J. (2002) The Paradox of American Power: Why the World’s Only Superpower
Can’t Go It Alone, Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Nye, J. (2008) `Public Diplomacy and Soft Power’, The Annals of American Academy
of Political and Social Science Vol. 616(1), 94-109.
Nye, J. (2011) The Future of Power. Perseus Books: New York.
Nye, J. (2015) Is the American Century Over? Polity Press: Cambridge.
Princen, S. (2007) ‘Agenda-setting in the European Union: a theoretical exploration
and agenda for research’ Journal of European Public Policy Vol. 14(1), 21-38.
Schmidt, B. (2005) Competing Realist Conceptions of Power, Millennium: Journal of
Tammen, R. and J Kugler, (2006) `Power Transition and China-US Conflicts’, Chinese
Journal of International Politics, Vol. 1, 35-55.
Lecture 13: Civil Society
Almond, G. and S. Verba (1963) The Civic Culture. Princeton: Princeton University
Press.
Almond, G. and S. Verba (eds.) (1980) The Civic Culture Revisited. Boston: Little
Brown.
Carothers, T. and W. Barndt (1999) ‘Civil Society’, Foreign Policy, Vol. 117, 18-29.
Dalton, R. J. (2006) ‘Civil Society, Social Capital and Democracy’, in Dalton, R. and D.
Shin (eds) Citizens, Democracy and Markets around the Pacific Rim. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Entman, R. B. (1983) Democracy without Citizens: Media and the Decay of American
Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Franklin, M. (1984) ‘How the Decline in Class Voting Opened the Way to Radical
Change in British Politics’, British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 14, 483–508.
Hall, J.R. (ed.) (2013) Civil Society: Theory, History, Comparison. John Wiley & Sons.
Hallin, D. C. and P. Mancini (2004) Comparing Media Systems. Three Models of Media
and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Inglehart, R. and W. Baker (2000) ‘Modernization, Cultural Change, and Persistence
of Traditional Values’, American Sociological Review Vol. 65(1), 19–51.
Jackman, R. and R. Miller (1996) ‘A Renaissance of Political Culture’, American
Journal of Political Science, Vol. 40, 697-716.
Klingemann, H. and D. Fuchs (eds) (1995) Citizens and the State. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Lipset, S. (1981) Political Man: The Social Basis of Politics. London: Heinemann.
Putnam, R. D. (2001) Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American
Community. Simon and Schuster.
Putnam, R.D., R. Leonardi, R. and R.Y. Nanetti (1994) Making Democracy Work: Civic
Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Sander, T.H. and Putnam, R.D. (2010) ‘Still Bowling Alone? The Post-9/11 Split’,
Journal of Democracy, Vol.21 (1), 9-16. [e-journal]
Shah, D.V., N. Kwak and R.L. Holbert (2001) ‘“Connecting” and “Disconnecting” with
Civic Life: Patterns of Internet Use and the Production of Social Capital’, Political
Communication Vol. 18 (2), 141–62.
Sniderman, P., R. Brody and J. Kuklinski (1984) ‘Policy Reasoning and Political
Values’, American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 28, 74–94.
Walzer, M. (1992) ‘The Civil Society Argument’, in Mouffe, C. (ed.) Dimensions of
Radical Democracy: Pluralism, Citizenship, Community. London: Verso.
Welzel, C. and R. Inglehart (2007) ‘Mass Beliefs and Democratic Institutions’, in Boix,
C. and S. Stokes (eds) Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics. Oxford University
Press. Chapter 13.

Lecture 14: Pressure Politics
Ainsworth, S. (2002) Analyzing Interest Groups: Group Influence on People and

Policies. New York: W.W. Norton. Chapters 1-3.
Anheier, H. (2014) Non-Profit Organizations. Theory Management. London:
Routledge.
Baumgartner, F. and B. Leech (1998) Basic Interests: The Importance of Groups in
Politics and Political Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Chapters 1-2.
Berry, J. and C. Wilcox (2009) The Interest Group Society (5th edition). New York:
Pearson Longman.
Bosso, C. (2005) Environment, Inc. From Grassroots to Beltway. Lawrence: University
Press of Kansas.
Carter, N. (2013) ‘Climate Change and the Politics of the Global Environment’ (chapter
13), in Beeson, M. and N. Bisley (eds) Issues in 21st Century World Politics. Palgrave
Macmillan. [e-book and e-reserve on LEARN]
Chasek, P., D. Downie and J. Brown (2013) Global Environmental Politics. Westview
Press.
Giugni, M. (1998) ‘Was itworth the effort? The outcomes and consequences of social
movements’, Annual Review of Sociology Vol. 85, 1017–1042.
Klandermans, B. (2001) ‘Why Movements Come into Being and why People Join
Them’, in J. Blau (ed.) Blackwell’s Compendium of Sociology. Oxford: Blackwell,
268–281.
Newell, P., P. Pattberg and H. Schroeder (2012) ‘Multi-Actor Governance and the
Environment’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources Vol. 37(1), 365-387.
Nownes, A. (2006) Total Lobbying: What Lobbyists Want (and how they try to get it).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Olson, M. Jr. (1971) The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of
Groups. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
Rothenberg, L. (1992) Linking Citizens to Government: Interest Group Politics at
Common Cause. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Tyler, T. and H. Smith (1998) ‘Social Justice and Social Movements’, in Gilbert, D., S.
Fiske and G. Lindzey (eds.) Handbook of Social Psychology. New York: McGraw-
Hill, 595-629.
Savigny, H. and L. Marsden (2011) Doing Politics and International Relations. London:
Palgrave, chapter 4 (‘Policy’), 89-110.
Walsh, E. and R. Warland (1983) Social Movement Involvement in the Wake of a
Nuclear Accident: Activists and Freeriders in the Three Mile Island Area. American
Sociological Review Vol. 48(6), 764-780.
Lecture 15: Democracy
Ackerman, B. and J. Fishkin (2002) ‘Deliberation Day'’, Journal of Political Philosophy,

Vol. 10(2), 129-152.
Christiano, T. (2008) ‘Democracy’, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008
Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL =
http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2008/entries/democracy/
Cohen, J. (1986) ‘An Epistemic Conception of Democracy’, Ethics, Vol. 97(1), 26-38.
Cohen, J. (2006) ‘Deliberation and Democratic Legitimacy’, in Goodin, R. and P. Pettit
(eds) Contemporary Political Philosophy: An Anthology, Oxford: Blackwell, ch. 10.
Dahl, R. (1956) A Preface to Democratic Theory, Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, chs. 1-3.
Dahl, R. (2006) ‘Procedural Democracy’, in Goodin, R. and P. Pettit (eds)
Contemporary Political Philosophy: An Anthology, Oxford: Blackwell, ch. 7.

Dryzek, J. and Dunleavy, P. (2009), Theories of the Democratic State, Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan.
Garner, R. (2012) ‘Democracy and Political Obligation’ (chapter 3), in Garner, R., P.
Ferdinand and S. Lawson, Introduction to Politics (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University
Press, 67-88.
Goodin, R. (2007) ‘Enfranchising All Affected Interests, and Its Alternatives’ Philosophy
and Public Affairs, Vol. 35(1), 40-68.
Gutmann, A. (2007) ‘Democracy’, in Goodin, R., P. Pettit and T. Pogge (eds.) A
Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy, Volume II, Oxford: Blackwell
Publishing, ch. 25.
Held, D. (1996) Models of Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press. (especially parts I and
III)
Keman, H. (2002) ‘Comparing Democracies: Theories and Evidence’ (chapter 3), in
Keman, H. (ed.) Comparative Democratic Politics. London: SAGE. [e-reserve on
LEARN]
Lijphart, A. (1999) Patterns of Democracy. Parliamentary vs. Presidential Government.
New Haven: Yale University Press, 1-27. [e-reserve on LEARN]
Shapiro, I. (1999) ‘Enough Deliberation: Politics is About Interests and Power’, in
Macedo, S. (ed.) Deliberative Politics: Essays on Democracy and Disagreement.
New York: Oxford University Press, ch. 2.
Shapiro, I. (2003) The State of Democratic Theory, Oxford: Princeton University Press,
ch. 1.
Weale, A. (1999) Democracy. Basingstoke: Macmillan, chs. 1-3.
Young, I. (2000) Inclusion and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch. 1.
Lecture 16: Democracy in Global Politics
Bown, M., S. Lynn-Jones and S. Miller (eds.) (1996) Debating the Democratic Peace.
London: MIT Press.
Bueno de Mesquita, B., B. Morrow, R. Siverson, and A. Smith, (1999) Àn
Institutional Explanation of the Democratic Peace’, American Political Science
Review Vol. 93(4), 791-807.
Doyle, M. (1986) `Liberalism and World Politics’, American Political Science
Review Vol. 80(4), 1151-1169.
Doyle, M. (2005) `Three Pillars of the Liberal Peace’, American Political Science
Review, Vol. 99(3), 463-466.
Gowa, J. (2011) `The Democratic Peace After the Cold War’, Economics and Politics,
Vol.23(2), 153-171.
Gartzke E. and A. Weisiger (2013) `Dynamic Difference and the Democratic Peace’,
International Studies Quarterly Vol. 57(1), 171-185.
Hegre, H., T. Ellingsen, S. Gates and N. Gleditsch (2001) `Toward a Democratic
Civil Peace? Democracy, Political Change, and Civil War, 1816-1992’ American
Political Science Review Vol. 95(1), 33-48.
Layne, C. (1994) `Kant or Cant? The Myth of the Democratic Peace’, International
Security Vol. 19(2), 5-49.
MacMillan, J. (2012) ‘Hollow Promises? Critical Materialism and the Contradictions of
the Democratic Peace’, International Theory 4(3), 331-366.
Mansfield, E. and J. Snyder (1995) ‘Democratization and The Danger of War’,
International Security Vol. 20(1), 5-38.
Maoz, Z. (1998) `Realist and Cultural Critiques of the Democratic Peace: A Theoretical
and Empirical Re-assessment’, International Interactions Vol. 24, 3-89.
Oneal, J. and B. Russett (2003) `Finding peace in a world of hegemony and terrorism’,
International Relations of the Asia-Pacific Vol. 3(2), 265-282.
Rosato, S. (2005) Èxplaining the Democratic Peace’ American Political Science
Review, Vol. 99(3), 467-472.

Russett, B. M., (1996). `The Fact of the Democratic Peace’, in Brown et al., Debating
the Democratic Peace, a
Russett, B. and J. Oneal, (1999) `The Kantian Peace: the Pacific Benefits of
Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, 1885-1992’, World
Politics Vol. 52(1), 1-37.
Schultz, K. (1999) `Do Democratic Institutions Constrain or Inform? Contrasting
Two Institutional Perspectives on Democracy and War. International Organization
Vol. 53(2), 233-266.
Weisiger, A. and E. Gartzke (2016) `Debating the Democratic Peace in the
International System’, International Studies Quarterly Vol.60(3), 578-585.
Lecture 17: State Security and Sources of Foreign Policy
Allison, G. (2012) ‘The Cuban Missile Crisis at 50’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 91 (4),
July/August, 11-16.
Beasley, R.K., J. Kaarbo, J.S. Lantis, & M.T. Snarr (Eds.), (2nd edition, 2012) Foreign
Policy in Comparative Perspective: Domestic and International Influences on State
Behavior (CQ Press).
Duffield, J. (1999) `Political Culture and State Behavior: Why Germany Confounds
Neorealism” International Organization Vol. 53, 765-803.
Hagan, J. (2001) `Does Decision Making Matter? Systemic Assumptions vs. Historical
Reality in International Relations Theory," International Studies Review, 5-46.
Levy, J. (2003) “Political Psychology and Foreign Policy,” in David Sears, Leonie
Huddy, and Robert Jervis (eds.) Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology. New York:
Oxford University Press. 253-284.
Hermann, M. (1980) ‘Explaining Foreign Policy Behavior Using the Personal
Characteristics of Political Leaders’, International Studies Quarterly Vol. 24, 7-46.
Hill, C. (2003) The Changing Politics of Foreign Policy, Basingstoke: Palgrave
Holsti, O. (1996) Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy. Ann Arbor: University
of Michigan Press.
Hudson, V. (2005) `Foreign Policy Analysis: Actor-Specific Theory and the Ground of
International Relations’, Foreign Policy Analysis Vol. 1, 1-30.
Janis, I. (1972) Victims of Groupthink. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Jervis, R. (1976) Perception and misperception in international politics. Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press.
Kaarbo, J. (2015) `The Domestic Politics & Decision Making Turn in IR Theory: An
FPA Perspective’, International Studies Review, Vol. 17, 189-216.
Kahneman, D., P. Slovic, P. and A. Tversky (eds.) (1982) Judgment under uncertainty:
Heuristics and biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Khong, Y. (1992) Analogies at War: Korea, Munich, Dien Bien Phu, and the Vietnam
Decisions of 1965. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
Lebow, R. (2010) Why Nations Fight: Past and Future Motives for War. New York:
Levy, J. S. (1983) ‘Misperception and the Causes of War’, World Politics Vol. 36, 76-
99.
McDermott, R. (2004) Political Psychology in International Relations. Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press.
Mercer, J. (2005) ‘Rationality and psychology in international politics’, International
Organization Vol. 59, 77-106.
Putnam, R. (1988) `Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: the Logic of Two-Level Games’,
International Organization 42: 427-460.
Post, J. (ed.) (2003) The Psychological Assessment of Political Leaders: With Profiles
of Saddam Hussein and Bill Clinton. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Risse-Kappen, T. (1991) Public Opinion, Domestic Structure, and Foreign Policy in

Liberal Democracies. World Politics 43, 479-512.
Telhami, S. (2002) `Kenneth Waltz, Neorealism, and Foreign Policy’, Security Studies
Vol. 11, 158-70.
Vertzberger, Yaacov (1990) The World in Their Minds. Stanford, CA: Stanford
University Press
Waltz, K. (1959) Man, the State, and War. New York: Columbia University Press.
Weldes, J. (1996) `Constructing the National Interest’, European Journal of
International Relations, Vol. 2(3), 275-318.
Lecture 18: Global Security- Dilemma and Risk
Baylis, J. et al. (eds.) (2013) Strategy in the Contemporary World: an Introduction to

Strategic Studies (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Buzan, B. (1991) People, States and Fear: an Agenda for International Security
Studies in the Post-cold War Era, Hemel Hempstead: Wheatsheaf.
Buzan, B. et al. (1998) Security: a New Framework for Analysis, Boulder, CO: Lynne
Rienner.
Collins, A. (ed.) (2013) Contemporary Security Studies (3rd edition). Oxford: OUP.
Dannreuther, R. (2013) International Security: The Contemporary Agenda,
Cambridge: Polity, chs. 1-2.
Detraz, N, (2013) International Security and Gender. Cambridge: Polity.
Fierke, K. (2007) Critical Approaches to International Security (2nd ed.) Cambridge:
Polity.
Hough, P. et al. (2015) International Security Studies. Theory and Practice. London:
Routledge.
Huysmans, J. (2014) Security Unbound: Enacting Democratic Limits. Routledge.
Jackson, R.H. (2000) The Global Covenant: Human Conduct in a World of States,
Oxford: Oxford University Press, ch. 8.
Kaldor, M. (1999) New and Old Wars: Organized Violence in a Global Era,
Cambridge: Polity Press.
Katzenstein, P. (ed.) (1996) The Culture of National Security, New York: Columbia
University Press.
Litfin, K. (1999) ‘Environmental Security’, in Paul, T. V. and Hall, John A. (eds.)
(1999) International Order and the Future of World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Mearsheimer, J. (2014) The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (2nd ed.) New York:
Norton
Sagan, S. and K. Waltz (2012) The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: An Enduring
Debate (3rd ed.) New York: Norton
Schmidt, B. C. (2012), ‘The Primacy of National Security’ (2nd edition), in S. Smith, A.
Hadfield and T. Dunne (eds.), Foreign Policy, Oxford: OUP, ch. 10.
Smith M. E. (2010) International Security: Politics, Policies, Prospects. Basingstoke:
Palgrave.
Tajbaksh, S. and A.M. Chenoy (2006) Human Security: Concepts and Implications.
London Routledge.
Williams, P.D. and M. McDonald (2018) Security Studies: An Introduction (3rd ed.).
London: Routledge.
United Nations (2004) UN High Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, ‘A
More Secure World: Our Shared Responsibility’, 2004.
Lecture 19: Political Economy in a Global Age
Balaam, D. and B. Dillman (2014) Introduction to International Political Economy (5th

ed.) Harlow, Essex: Pearson. [AVAILABLE ONLINE]

Cohen, B. (2007). `The Transatlantic Divide: Why are American and British IPE so
Different?’ Review of International Political Economy Vol. 14(2), 197-219.
Cohn, T. (2016). Global Political Economy: Theory and Practice, (7th ed.). Taylor and
Francis.
Cafruny, A., L. Talani ans G. Martin (2016) The Palgrave Handbook of Critical
International Political Economy. Palgrave MacMillan, chapters 16, 21 & 22
[available online]
Keohane, R. (2009) `The Old IPE and the New’, Review of International Political
Economy Vol. 16(1), 34-46.
Lake, D. (2008) ‘International Political Economy: A Maturing Interdiscipline.” In The
Oxford Handbook of Political Economy, D. Wittman and B. Weingas (eds.) Oxford
University Press [available online]
Oatley, T. (2014) ‘International Political Economy.’ [chapter 1, pp.1-20] in International
Political Economy. Routledge. [e-book in library]
Peterson Institute (2017). Trade Talks Episode 1: NAFTAnomics. Available online via
https://piie.com/experts/peterson-perspectives/trade-talks-episode-1-naftanomics-
economics-three-big-fights
Peterson, V. (2005) ‘How the Meaning of Gender Matters in Political Economy.’ New
Political Economy Vol. 10(4), 499-521.
Phelps, E. (2015) ‘What is Wrong with the West’s Economies?’, New York Review of
Books, LXII/13, 13 August-23 September, pp.54-6 (available at:
http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2015/aug/13/what-wrong-wests-
economies/?pagination=false&printpage=true).
Ravenhill, (ed.) (2017). Global Political Economy, Oxford University Press. chp 1.
Ruggie, J. (1982) ‘International Regimes, Transactions and Change: Embedded
Liberalism in the Postwar Economic Order.’ International Organization Vol. 36(2),
379-415.
Strange, S. (1975) `What is Economic Power and Who has it?’ International Journal,
Vol. 30(2), 207-224.
The History of Globalization: Railroads and Hegemons.’ The Economist Vol. 409
(8857). Available at: https://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21587382-
globalisation-depends-technology-and-politics-railroads-and-hegemons

Appendix 1 – Students with Disabilities
If you are a student with a disability (including those with specific learning difficulties
such as dyslexia), you should get in touch with the Student Disabilities Service as soon
as possible. You can find their details as well as information on all of the support they
can offer at: http://www.ed.ac.uk/student-disability-service
The School welcomes disabled students with disabilities and is working to make all its
courses as accessible as possible. If you have a disability special needs which means
that you may require adjustments to be made to ensure access to lectures, tutorials or
exams, or any other aspect of your studies, you can discuss these with your Student
Support Officer or Personal Tutor who will advise on the appropriate procedures.
Further guidance and information for Students with Disabilities can also be found in
your Programme Handbook.
Learning Resources for Undergraduates

The Study Development Team at the Institute for Academic Development (IAD)
provides resources and workshops aimed at helping all students to enhance their
learning skills and develop effective study techniques. Resources and workshops
cover a range of topics, such as managing your own learning, reading, note-making,
essay and report writing, exam preparation and exam techniques.
The study development resources are housed on ‘LearnBetter’ (undergraduate), part

of Learn, the University’s virtual learning environment. Follow the link from the IAD
Study Development web page to enrol: www.ed.ac.uk/iad/undergraduates
Workshops are interactive: they will give you the chance to take part in activities, have
discussions, exchange strategies, share ideas and ask questions. They are 90 minutes
long and held on Wednesday afternoons at 1.30pm or 3.30pm. The schedule is
available from the IAD Undergraduate web page (see above).
Workshops are open to all undergraduates but you need to book in advance, using the
MyEd booking system. Each workshop opens for booking two weeks before the date
of the workshop itself. If you book and then cannot attend, please cancel in advance
through MyEd so that another student can have your place. (To be fair to all students,
anyone who persistently books on workshops and fails to attend may be barred from
signing up for future events).
Study Development Advisors are also available for an individual consultation if you
have specific questions about your own approach to studying, working more
effectively, strategies for improving your learning and your academic work. Please
note, however, that Study Development Advisors are not subject specialists so they
cannot comment on the content of your work. They also do not check or proof read
students' work.
To make an appointment with a Study Development Advisor, email

iad.study@ed.ac.uk
(For support with English Language, you should contact the English Language
Teaching Centre).

IPIR Supports PIRPALS!
What is PIRPALS?
PIRPALS is a Peer Assisted Learning Scheme for first year Politics and IR students,
run by students for students. Higher year student Leaders run weekly sessions where
you can discuss course content and practice essential study skills (such as essay
writing) in a relaxed and fun environment. They provide a space to ask questions you
might feel uncomfortable to ask lecturers or tutors. These sessions are open to
everyone - whether you're feeling a little behind, or just want to meet new people,have
fun and revise together
Key benefits of PIRPALS

- Deepening understanding of core themes of the course through interactive
activities
- Strengthening study skills such as note taking, essay writing or exam revision
- Meeting peers and more experienced Politics and IR students for advice,
friendship, and feeling connected to the broader school community.
The PIRPALS timetable will be posted in LEARN
PIRPALS runs from Week 2 to Week 11. No sign-up needed, come along! Special
Essay and Exam sessions will be announced closer to the time.
Getting help in the Library
All first year students should obtain an Information Pack of introductory information on
general services available from the Main Library. If you have any queries, e.g., about
using the computerised catalogue system, or where to find a journal, do not hesitate to
ask the library staff. A list of useful library and information resources can be found on
the library website at: www.lib.ed.ac.uk
The library holds a number of key sources for this course in the Library Reserve
Collection (Heavily Used Books – HUB) on the Ground Floor. Reserve Collection
books may be borrowed on 3-hour or overnight loan. Further information about the
reserve collection can be attained with the Library Support Team at ground floor level
in the main library.
Using the Internet
You can access many websites covering various dimensions of general and
international politics. Remember: the internet is a wonderful resource when used
correctly, a poor research tool when used uncritically.
A word on Wikipedia: there’s nothing wrong with using this source for your own
background information but do not use or cite it as an authoritative source. Anyone
with internet access can create or edit a Wikipedia entry and these entries do not
undergo scholarly review.
Useful, tailored websites:

• A useful source of IR topics is the virtual International affairs resources:
http://www2.etown.edu/vl/
• Freedom House (www.freedomhouse.org) contains much information from its
annual surveys of the state of freedom and democracy in the world.

• Newspaper blogs: Some newspapers and journals feature blogs which offer more
up to date analysis and reporting. For IR themes, check out FP editors’ blog at
http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/. For a global forum for debate about current political,
economic and foreign policy issues from a pro-democracy perspective, see
http://www.opendemocracy.net/about. Note, however, these sites have not
undergone peer review and the blog entries often build on opinion rather than
academic research. Therefore, these sources might be good to develop analytical
ideas but in your essay you should always try to back up your arguments with
academic sources.
Pre-Honours Tutorial Allocation
For this course you will have been automatically assigned to a tutorial group and this
group will appear on your personalised timetable at the beginning of week 1. This
allocation is done using Student Allocator software which randomly assigns you to a
suitable tutorial group based on your lecture timetable. It is important you attend the
group on your personalised timetable, attending a different group will mean that you
will not appear on the register making your attendance difficult to track which could
lead to further difficulties for you.
Guidance on how to view your personal timetable can be found at
https://www.ed.ac.uk/student-administration/timetabling/personalised-timetables
Requesting a group change
If you are unable to attend the tutorial group you have been assigned, you can
request a change via the ‘Group Change Request’ form.
You can access the Group Change request form via the Timetabling webpages here
https://www.ed.ac.uk/student-administration/timetabling/personalised-timetables
Attendance Monitoring
In accordance with the University general degree regulations you are expected to
attend all teaching and assessment events associated with all courses that you are
enrolled on.
The College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences undertakes routine monitoring
of attendance at tutorials and seminars for all students enrolled on courses delivered
by Schools within our College.
We undertake monitoring of attendance and engagement to enable us to identify
where individual students may be experiencing difficulties and to ensure that timely
and appropriate intervention can be delivered to provide support and guidance. We
also undertake monitoring for sponsored students specifically to meet our obligations
to the UKVI.
If you miss one or more of your tutorials and/or seminars you may be contacted by
your local Student Support Team and be asked to provide an explanation for your
absence.
All data is gathered and stored in line with the University policies and guidance on
data handling and you can view the privacy statement at:
https://www.ed.ac.uk/student-systems/use-of-data/policies-and-regulations/privacy-
statement
External Examiner
The External Examiner for Years 1 and 2 of the Politics and International Relations
programme will be confirmed at a later date.

Appendix 2 - Course Work Submission and Penalties
Penalties that can be applied to your work and how to avoid them.
There are three types of penalties that can be applied to your course work and these
are listed below. Students must read the full description on each of these at:
http://www.sps.ed.ac.uk/undergrad/current_students/teaching_and_learning/assessm
ent_and_regulations/coursework_penalties
Make sure you are aware of each of these penalties and know how to avoid them.
Students are responsible for taking the time to read guidance and for ensuring their
coursework submissions comply with guidance.
• Incorrect submission Penalty

When a piece of coursework is submitted to our Electronic Submission
System (ELMA) that does not comply with our submission guidance (wrong
format, incorrect document, no cover sheet etc.) a penalty of 5 marks will be
applied to students work.
• Lateness Penalty
If you miss the submission deadline for any piece of assessed work 5 marks
will be deducted for each calendar day that work is late, up to a
maximum of seven calendar days (35 marks). Thereafter, a mark of zero
will be recorded. There is no grace period for lateness and penalties begin to
apply immediately following the deadline.
• Word Count Penalty

The penalty for excessive word length in coursework is one mark deducted
for each additional 20 words over the limit.
Word limits vary across subject areas and submissions, so check your course
handbook. Make sure you know what is and what is not included in the word
count. Again, check the course handbook for this information.
You will not be penalised for submitting work below the word limit. However,
you should note that shorter essays are unlikely to achieve the required depth
and that this will be reflected in your mark.
ELMA: Submission and Return of Coursework
Coursework is submitted online using our electronic submission system, ELMA. You
will not be required to submit a paper copy of your work.
Marked coursework, grades and feedback will be returned to you via ELMA. You will
not receive a paper copy of your marked course work or feedback.
For details of how to submit your course work to ELMA, please see our webpages
here. Remember, there is a 5 mark incorrect submission penalty, so read the guidance
carefully and follow it to avoid receiving this. #

Extensions:
If you have good reason for not meeting a coursework deadline, you may
request an extension. Before you request an extension, make sure you have
read all the guidance on our webpages and take note of the key points below.
You will also be able to access the online extension request form through our
webpages.
• Extensions are granted for 7 calendar days.

• Extension requests must be submitted no later than 24 hours before the
coursework deadline.
• If you miss the deadline for requesting an extension for a valid reason, you
should submit your coursework as soon as you are able, and apply for
Special Circumstances to disregard penalties for late submission. You should
also contact your Student Support Officer or Personal Tutor and make them
aware of your situation.
• If you have a valid reason and require an extension of more than 7 calendar
days, you should submit your coursework as soon as you are able, and apply
for Special Circumstances to disregard penalties for late submission. You
should also contact your Student Support Officer or Personal Tutor and make
them aware of your situation.
• If you have a Learning Profile from the Disability Service allowing you
potential for flexibility over deadlines, you must still make an extension
request for this to be taken into account.
Exam Feedback and Viewing Exam Scripts:

General exam feedback will be provided for all courses with an examination. General
feedback will be uploaded to the relevant course learn page within 24 hours of the
overall marks for the course being returned to Students.
Students who sit the exam will also receive individual feedback. The relevant Course
Secretary will contact students to let them know when this is available and how to
access it.
If students wish to view their scripts for any reason, they must contact the relevant
Course Secretary via email to arrange this.
Plagiarism Guidance for Students: Avoiding Plagiarism

Material you submit for assessment, such as your essays, must be your own work.
You can, and should, draw upon published work, ideas from lectures and class
discussions, and (if appropriate) even upon discussions with other students, but you
must always make clear that you are doing so. Passing off anyone else’s work
(including another student’s work or material from the Web or a published author) as
your own is plagiarism and will be punished severely.
When you upload your work to ELMA you will be asked to check a box to confirm the
work is your own. All submissions will be run through ‘Turnitin’, our plagiarism
detection software. Turnitin compares every essay against a constantly-updated
database, which highlights all plagiarised work. Assessed work that contains
plagiarised material will be awarded a mark of zero, and serious cases of plagiarism
will also be reported to the College Academic Misconduct officer. In either case, the

actions taken will be noted permanently on the student's record. For further details
on plagiarism see the Academic Services’ website:
http://www.ed.ac.uk/academic-services/staff/discipline/plagiarism
Data Protection Guidance for Students

In most circumstances, students are responsible for ensuring that their work with
information about living, identifiable individuals complies with the requirements of the
Data Protection Act. The document, Personal Data Processed by Students, provides
an explanation of why this is the case. It can be found, with advice on data protection
compliance and ethical best practice in the handling of information about living,
identifiable individuals, on the Records Management section of the University website
at:
http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/records-management-section/data-
protection/guidance-policies/dpforstudents

Past exam paper
Below is the most recent IPIR exam. Previous papers are available at:
http://www.ed.ac.uk/information-services/library-museum-gallery/exam-papers
SCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE
Introduction to Politics and International Relations

PLIT08004
You should answer TWO questions; one from Section A and one from
Section B.
Part A
1. Can democracy be ‘illiberal’? Explain.

2. Has globalization diminished the role of the state? Discuss.
3. What is the importance of individualism within liberal ideology?
Part B
1. To what extent have new security threats replaced traditional threats

since the end of the Cold War?
2. How do the different IR theories explain the outbreak of war? Illustrate
your answer with reference to a war or conflict of your choice.
3. To what extent are foreign policy decisions the outcome of rational
decision making?

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University of Edinburgh

School of Social & Political Science

Introduction to Politics and International Relations

Additional Lecturers Dr. Wilfried Swenden

Location Mondays 15.10 to 16.00

Senior Tutor Ms. Luba Zatsepina-McCreadie

Course Secretary Euan Morse

Assessment • Essay: 12 noon Monday 29th October 2018

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Key Information ............................................................................................................1

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• demonstrate knowledge of key themes, theories and concepts in the study of

Teaching Methods: Lectures, Tutorials & Study Skills

• Mondays 15.10 – 16.00 in George Square Lecture Theatre

Each tutorial should consist of 10-12 students, with a maximum of 15 depending on

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• How to effectively use University resources and managing your workload

Study Skills sessions start in Week 2.

There are five sessions per week:

Thursdays 10-11am Medical School (G.07 Meadows Lecture Theatre Doorway 4)

Please attend one 50-minute session per week.

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Tutorial At the end of the

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Option A: Does globalization tend to cause disorder in world politics?

Option B: Would the world be more peaceful without nationalism?

Option C: Is Robert Cox correct in his assertion that IR theory is always

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Note: Registration for examinations is handled automatically by the University’s student

On Thursday 22 November 2018, a Question/Answer and Revision session will be

Overall Course Result

In order to achieve a Pass in Introduction to Politics and International Relations,

Communication and Feedback

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Please check Learn regularly for announcements and individual messages.

Reading Materials and Resource List

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Guidance books for essay writing

Other recommended texts

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Go beyond the reading list for your essay

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Week Dates Topics (Lecturer)

2 Tutorial 1: Studying Politics and International Relations

Study Skills 1: Using University Resources and Effectively Managing Workload

Lectures Theme: The State

Thursday 27 September (4) The State in Global Politics (Dr. Duncanson)

3 Tutorial 2: The Role of the State in Politics and International Relations

Lectures Theme: Political Ideologies

Thursday 4 October (6) Nationalism (Dr. Swenden)

4 Tutorial 3: Political Ideologies and Nationalism

Study Skills 3: Writing an Academic Essay

Lectures Theme: Theorizing International Relations

Thursday 11 October (8) IR Theory – critical approaches (Dr. Hill)

5 Tutorial 4: Competing IR theories

Study Skills 4: Building a Critical Argument in your Essay

Lectures Theme: Comparative Politics - Comparing Forms of Political

Thursday 18 October (10) Parties and Party Systems (Dr. Swenden)

6 Tutorial 5: Forms of Democratic Representation

Study Skills 5: Constructing Bibliographies and Using Quotations

Lectures Theme: Power