PLT 208 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

TUTORIAL 1

CHAPTER 1: INTRO. TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

1. State the differences between Analog and Digital communication systems.

2. State the basic requirements of communication system.

3. Define the following terms: frequency, cycle, wavelength and period.

4. Briefly describe FOUR (4) elements of communication system.
5. We want to add three signals P1, P2 and P3 with levels of 0 dBm, +3 dBm and -6
dBm. What is the total power?
6. What is the limitation in a Communication System?
7. Why modulation is needed?
8. The receiver systems have three stages comprised of two amplifiers and one filter
with an input of Pin  7.55mW and absolute power gains of
A p1  75, A p 2  1.5 and A p 3  100 , determine:
(i) The input power in dBm and the total gain.
(ii) Output power ( Pout ) in watts and dBm.
(iii) The dB gain of each of the three stages and the overall gain in dB.
9. Given a three-stages system with an input power Pin = -26 dBm and power gains
of the three stages of Ap1 = 23 dB, Ap2 = -3 dB, Ap3 = 16 dB, determine the output
power (Pout) in dBm and watts.
10. Given a three-stages system comprised of two amplifiers and one filter with an
input power of Pin = 0.01 mW and absolute power gains of Ap1 = 200, Ap2 = 0.1,
and Ap3 = 1000, determine:
(i) The input power in dBm
(ii) Output power (Pout) in watts and dBm
(iii) The dB gain of each of the three stages
(iv) The overall gain in dB
11. Consider the radio receiver as shown in Figure 1. The antenna receives an 8-μV
signal into its 50-Ω input impedance. Calculate the power driven into the speaker
( Pout ) in watts and the output voltage (Vout).

Antenna

RF
RF Mixer
Mixer
Amplifier
Amplifier IF
IF11 IF
IF22

G p  8dB G p  3dB G p  24dB G p  26dB

LO
LO

IF
IF33 Detector
Detector Audio
Audio Output
Amplifier
Amplifier Speaker
G p  26dB G p  2dB G p  34dB
IF = Image Frequency Amplifier

Figure 1

12. Determine the combined power when a signal with a power level of 10 dBm is
combined with a second signal with a power level of 8 dBm.
13. What is the dB gain (or loss) for the following situation?
(i) For a certain system, the output power is 100,000 times the input
power.
(ii) When the power out of a certain system is 0.01 times the power in.
CHAPTER 2: AMPLITUDE MODULATION

1. Define the AM demodulation process.

2. A 500W carrier is to be modulated to a 90 percent modulation. Determine the total
transmitted power.
3. An AM broadcast station operates at its maximum allowed total output of 50kW
and at 95 percent modulation. Determine the total sideband power
4. A transmitter with a 10kW carrier transmits 11.2 kW when modulated with a
single sine wave. Calculate the modulation index. If the carrier is simultaneously
modulated with another sine wave at 50 percent modulation, calculate the total
transmitted power.
5. An AM transmitter has a 1kW carrier and is modulated by three different sine
waves having equal amplitudes. If total modulation index is 0.8, calculate the
individual values of m and the total transmitted power.
6. An Amplitude Modulation (AM) radio broadcasting station with its carrier
frequency of 500 kHz is amplitude-modulated by a 3 kHz audio signal to produce
an AM envelope. The maximum and minimum peaks voltages of the envelope are
150Vp and 50Vp respectively. The equivalent resistance of the transmitting
antenna is 50  . Determine:
(i) The peak amplitudes of the audio, carrier and sideband voltages.
(ii) The modulation index, m.
(iii) Using the above results, write the complete AM mathematical
representation to express the waveform, showing its carrier, lower
sideband and upper sideband parameters.
(iv) Determine the bandwidth of the modulated signal.
(v) Power of the carrier signal and total sidebands power.
(vi) Sketch and label the power spectrum of the modulated signal.
7. A telecommunication engineer is given a task to assess the output power levels of
a transmitter with respect to different kind of modulation modes with the same
intelligibility received. Given that the antenna transmits a 15 kW of total power at
90% modulation, determine:
(i) The amount of carrier power, Pc delivers through the antenna.
(ii) The amount of power using Double-Side Band Suppressed Carrier
(DSBSC).
(iii) The amount of power using Single-Side Band Suppressed Carrier
(SSBSC).
(iv) The percentage power saving of SSBSC compares to Double-Side
Band Full Carrier (DSBFC).
(v) State TWO (2) disadvantages of SSBSC.
8. Transmitter efficiency for an AM Double Side Band Full Carrier (DSBFC) is
stated as the ratio of the average power from sidebands to the total power
absorbed. From the AM power distribution,
2
 Ec 
 
Pc   2
R
Show that the efficiency:
m2

m2  2
9. An input AM Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier (DSBSC) wave is an
unmodulated carrier voltage Vc = 20Vp, frequency of 250 kHz, and a load
resistor of 50. The frequency of the modulating signal is 15 kHz and modulation
index, m = 0.9. Determine the following:
(i) Powers of each of the upper and lower sidebands
(ii) Total power of the modulated wave
(iii) Bandwidth of the transmitted wave
(iv) Sketch the power and frequency spectrum
(v) Compare the power saving ratio (in percentage) if an AM Single Side
Band Suppressed Carrier (AM SSBSC) is used
 (vi) Sketch the power and frequency spectrum for an AM SSBSC
calculated in (e).
10. An AM modulated wave with the output wave changes of  7.5V p is

represent
by the following equation.

Vam ( t )  20 sin(2500  103 ) t  3.75 cos(2510  103 ) t  3.75 cos(2490  103 ) t

Based on the information given,

(i) Calculate the modulation coefficient, m and percent modulation.

(ii) Calculate the peak amplitude of the modulated carrier, upper and lower
side frequency voltages.
(iii) Calculate the maximum and minimum amplitude of the envelope.
(iv) Draw and label the frequency spectrum.
(v) Sketch and label the output envelope.
11. Draw a block diagram of a basic filter type system SSB transmitter. Briefly
describe its operation.
12. Differentiate between coherent and non-coherent type of AM receiver.
13. Give three significant importance of modulation in electronic communications.