Chemical
Composition
of the
Chromosome
A-DNA
Eukaryotic DNA polymerases and their functions
Error Correction in DNA Replication
ERRORS;
1. Replication error: addition of a nucleotide with an incorrect base
ERRORS;
1. Replication error: addition of a nucleotide with an incorrect base
Replication error (strand slippage)
2. DNA damage:
a. Chemical damage can alter DNA structure
b. Damage caused by radiation (example: nicks)
c. Damage due to attack by water (cause removal of an amine group from the base group of a
nucleotide or the loss of the entire base group.
Repair Systems:
1. Excision Repair System
a. Base-pair excision repair
b. Short-patch Excision Repair
2. Mismatch repair
Long-patch and Short-patch Excision Repair
So why is DNA preferred as the genetic material?
1. More stable
2. More easily repaired
3. Its info is better protected
4. Double strands allow double checking.