Lección 27
Practica
I. Analiza la imagen y predice sobre que se trata la lectura que vas a leer.
II. Lea el siguiente texto utilizando las técnicas de lectura (skimming y scanning).
¿Cómo se estructura?
Directional Terms
In describing the location or direction of a given point in the body, it is always assumed that
the subject is in the anatomical position, that is, upright, with face front, arms at the sides
with palms forward, and feet parallel, as shown in the small diagram in Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-2 illustrates planes of section, that is, directions in which the body can be cut. A
frontal plane, also called a coronal plane, is made at right angles to the midline and divides
the body into anterior and posterior parts. A sagittal plane passes from front to back and
divides the body into right and left portions. If the plane passes through the midline, it is a
midsagittal or medial plane. A transverse plane passes horizontally, dividing the body into
2E
III. Lea el artículo nuevamente e indique si los siguientes enunciados están
NC C+Lineas
anatómica
la cara frontal, los brazos a los lados con las palmas hacia
3E
abducción y aducción, etc., se aplican al cuerpo cuando está en la
posición anatómica.
Body Cavities
side view
4E
Internal organs are located within dorsal and ventral cavities (Fig. 5-3). The dorsal cavity
contains the brain in the cranial cavity and the spinal cord in the spinal cavity (canal). The
uppermost ventral space, the thoracic cavity, is separated from the abdominal cavity by the
diaphragm. There is no anatomical separation between the abdominal cavity and the pelvic
cavity, which together make up the abdominopelvic cavity. The large membrane that lines
the abdominopelvic cavity and covers the organs within it is the peritoneum.
5E
Anterior (ventral):
Posterior (dorsal):
Medial:
Lateral:
Proximal:
Distal:
Superior:
Inferior:
Cephalad (cranial):
Caudal:
Superficial (external):
Deep (internal):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
6E
Body Regions
For orientation, the abdomen can be divided by imaginary lines into nine regions. The
• right and left hypochondriac regions, named for their position near the ribs, specifically
• right and left lumbar regions, which are located near the small of the back (lumbar region
of the spine)
• right and left iliac regions, named for the upper bone of the hip, the ilium. These regions
are also called the inguinal regions, with reference to the groin.
More simply, but less precisely, the abdomen can be divided by a single vertical line and a
single horizontal line into four sections (Fig. 5-5), designated the right upper quadrant
(RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), and left lower quadrant
(LLQ). Additional terms for body regions are shown in Figures 5-6 and 5-7
7E
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
(RUQ)
(LUQ)
(RLQ)
(LLQ)
8E
Mira las imagenes y haz una lista con las palabras que no conozcas.
9E
10E
11E
Completa el cuadro:
microcephaly
cervicofacial
extrathoracic
intraabdominal
celiac
laparoscope
thoracolumbar
peritoneal
12E
Write the adjective that fits each of the following definitions. The correct suffix is
given in parentheses.
B.
13E
_____ 6. antebrachium a. fusion of the fingers or toes
F Dorsal
16. The cranial and spinal cavities are the ventral body cavities.
18. A midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left
parts.
19. A frontal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior
parts.
14E
22. The right hypochondriac region is in the RUQ.
15E
37. submammary __________________________________________________________________________
16E