CONDENSATION RECOVERY IN QURANIC GIRL INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL ,

JUBAIL KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

Authors: Mudassar Idris Raut

1
Zamil Cool Care, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia, Email: Mudassaridris.raut@coolcare.com.sa
2
Zamil Projects,India- Pune.

Presenter: Mudassar Idris Raut – LEED GREEN ASSOCIATE

Lead Mechanical Engineer – Zamil Projects – India

ABSTRACT

The biggest reliable source of potable water in Saudi Arabia is from Desalination Water treatment. Since
Ground source water resources are minimal due to geographical location, country largest demand depends on
Desalination water from Sea. However the production cost to convert saline water to Potable water is
considerable [1.09 US$ per cubic meter]. Since water is very crucial for daily activities & converting Saline
Water into potable consume ample amount of energy & money, it obviously increases an alarm to reduce water
consumption at site & look for other replaceable derivatives, which can replace Potable water intake from
Municipal Bodies. The Saudi Minister of Water & Electricity estimated that 25% of Saudi Oil & Gas Production
in fiscal yr. 2009 was used domestically to generate electricity & produce water, with present demand rates
suggesting that this figure will reach 50% by yr. 2030 as per research by [BELFER CENER for science &
International Affair].

To focus on this cause I have developed a conceptual design for Water Reclaim use at Quranic School Project- a
Royal Commissioning Project in Jubail, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.

Proposed HVAC system designed is of Chilled Water HVAC System where in there are 5 No’s Air
Handling Unit used in Girl Intermediate School & 2 No’s Air Cooled Chillers. Since these schools are located
in Jubail where there is enough amount of humidity present in air, the water present can be used after
condensation. As per ASHRAE [American Society Heating Refrigeration & Air Conditioning Engineers]
standards, school requires larger amount of outside air to main inside school environment healthy. Evidently,
this outside brings large load on Air Handlers Cooling Coils and eventually increasing the amount of moist air
passing through these Coils. The resulting water in the form of condensate shall be used for application namely
in Sanitary WC Flushing or in Irrigation of Landscape.
The exact theoretical amount of moisture required depends on Indoor Desired room condition: - In this
case we are maintaining 50% relative humidity as commanded by ASHRAE standards for school project
& it also complying with our client Royal Commission Design basis Reports [DBR].
I. INTRODUCTION

Condensate is a byproduct generated during Air Conditioning process, which is usually wasted & drained
to sewer. Condensate is generated in the same manner as distilled water, which has a slightly acidic pH value
around 5.8, as compared to a neutral pH value of 7.0, and contains no minerals. However, unlike distilled water,
condensate is subject to environmental contamination during the process of collection and transport.
Microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and viruses) suspended in air drawn from inside and/or outside the building (i.e.,
return air and/or outside air) through the Air Handling Unit (AHU) can collect on the cooling coils with the
moisture when condensate is formed (see Fig 1.1 for a schematic of an AHU). In addition, being slightly acidic,
condensate tends to react with materials with which it comes in contact. Such reactions can raise the pH value
of condensate. Any molecules or particulates the condensate picks up during formation or along its flow path
can be referred to as a contaminant and must be considered when making treatment decisions.

Fig:
1.1

1.1 ACCUSTOMED CONDENSATE PRACTICES

Largely the condensate collected is discarded through various drain points & dumped into normal sewers.
This not only waste this high valuable clean Distilled water but also adds loads in Sewer Treatment Plant on
Local municipal bodies thus increasing additional Energy & Cost factors to the Government. This not only burden
the Government organization but also results in additional GHG [Greenhouse Gas] emission into environment.

1.2 CONDENSATE WATER APPLICATION

Can be used in 3 main Domain.

1. COOLING TOWERS.
2. TOILET FLUSHING.
3. LANDSCAPE IRRIGATION & HARDSCAPE CLEANING.
 The most effective use of condensate water collected from commercial or industrial buildings is for
makeup water in cooling towers. This is because the pure and cool condensate water dilutes the sediment buildup
in cooling towers (the sediment is left behind during the evaporative cooling process), increases the efficiency
of the cooling towers by virtue of its relatively cool temperature, provides the most water in hot and humid
conditions when makeup water for the cooling towers is most needed, and requires no additional storage or
treatment.

Other common uses of condensate include toilet flushing, irrigation, ornamental water features, and
process water, such as that used in manufacturing. Designing for these uses requires a water budget to determine
how much water is produced (supplied) versus how much is required (demanded) for the intended purpose.
Storage is required if the water produced cannot be immediately used for its intended purpose. This is the case
with most applications except for cooling towers and perhaps some process water and irrigation applications,
depending on exact needs. Treatment in the form of filtration and disinfection is used to raise the quality of the
water for its intended application. Applications in which reclaimed water could conceivably come in contact
with human skin or be ingested require the highest-quality water. In all cases, a well- designed and well-
maintained HVAC system is critical to the production of condensate that is free of microbial buildup or other
contaminants

Except for Cooling Tower usage, local codes or AHJ Authority Having Jurisdiction & International Code
like IPC[International Plumbing Code], should be followed if condensate water is to be used for application
involving direct human contact or some time ingestion.. Also, a detail water report must be conducted on
monthly basis to study the acidic nature or micro Organism growth of condensate collected for other uses.
Because this acidic nature may harm the Toilet ceramic if repeatedly used or it may harm landscape, Lawn
Sprinklers, Drip irrigation pipes, Pumps, Fountains etc. For best result, a strict maintenance of AHU equipment
is required on weekly/monthly basis from Maintenance & Operation Contractor.

NOTE: BECAUSE THERE ARE NO COOLING TOWERS IN QURANIC PROJECT, OPTION-2 &
OPTION- 3 ARE LEFT TO BE IMPLEMENTED. HOWEVER PROPOSED CONCEPT IN THIS REPORT
IS OPTION-2 i.e. TOILET FLUSHING

II. CONDENSATE CALCULATION PROCEDURE

Temperature Simulation file of Jubail is recorded from HAP [Hourly Analysis Program] file. The
hottest day in particular month is recorded for which the condensation is calculated. The Maximum &
minimum Dry Bulb temperature is recorded from HAP file for which W1 & W2 is recorded. Also in spite
of recording 24 hrs. data for entire day only 13 hrs.[From 5 AM to 5 PM] data is recorded for that
particular hottest day in a particular month. 13 hrs. data is then added to get daily data & finally this
Hottest day data is multiplied with 70% diversity factor assuming all the condensate generated for
remaining days will always generate less amount of condensate. In addition, it is assume that each month
have 30 days immaterial of JFMAMJJASOND series. This all assumption are just for ease in calculation
as hourly condensate generated for all 365 days will take ample amount of time & perhaps the exact &
correlated values will have minimal variations.

W1 & W2 is recorded for every 13 hr. time span from HAP Psychometric Analysis procedures. Based on
these value & Airflow rate of particular AHU the final Qc value is recorded for every single hours in
those 13 hrs. time span Then all resulted are summoned up to get final day value of condensate on that
particular day. Sample calculation of January Month is as shown below
 TIME W1 @ TM W2 @ T0 LPM GPM GPH GPD MONTHLY
500 0.00864 0.00769 0.52 0.14 8.29
600 0.01105 0.00879 1.24 0.33 19.73
700 0.01105 0.00874 1.27 0.34 20.16
JAN 800 0.01107 0.00877 1.27 0.33 20.08
900 0.01104 0.00869 1.29 0.34 20.51 209.14 3137.17
1000 0.01104 0.00869 1.29 0.34 20.51
1100 0.01102 0.00864 1.31 0.35 20.77
1200 0.01103 0.00863 1.32 0.35 20.95
1300 0.01101 0.0086 1.33 0.35 21.04
1400 0.011 0.0086 1.32 0.35 20.95
1500 0.00864 0.00764 0.55 0.15 8.73
1600 0.00807 0.00763 0.24 0.06 3.84
1700 0.00806 0.00765 0.23 0.06 3.58

LPM- Liters Per Minute

GPM – Gallon Per Minute
GPH- Gallon Per Hour
GPD- Gallon Per Day

In a similar way rest of the month data were recorded to get the results of yearly package. This
data capturing is done form all 5 No’s AHU to get the condensate generated for Entire Quranic
Intermediate School. Now as depicted from above calculation & Table-1.1 we have achieved 331,977
Gallons of Condensate.

Note: This condensate value is only theoretical figure & actual value in practice may be low or
more than this. So in order to get full proof value we have assume 50% diversity factor on this overall
value as we cannot ensure that 441,000 Gallons of condensate generated is actually feasible at site. This
final assumption is due below discussed reasons.

1. Nature is highly unpredicted; as we cannot ascertain the values of Specific humidity, W1 & W2
we have entered from HAP analysis is exactly possible at site.

2. The above data is when the building is occupied on full load & all Chillers are running on peak
Load. But this usually happens for only small amount of time & most of the time the building
is HVAC system is not running on full load.

3. AHU cooling coils must be perfectly clean & well maintained through the year as we cannot
guarantee the Exact Condensate generated with Poor maintained Cooling Coil.
 Moreover, under worst case scenario even if we fail to get enough condensate, the proposed design
system is flexible enough to take in account Potable water as a make up water to flush the toilets.This
ensures that Human Comfort will not be disturbed by implanting Condensate Water system for water
flushing. For Royal Commission it is a Win-Win situation where in they can not only save Water used at
site but also end up in paying Less Water & Tax to Govt municipal Bodies.

HVAC CONDENSATION COMPARISION BETWEEN THEOROTICAL &

50% DIVERSITY FOR QURANIC GIRL INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL
70,000
40,866 40,795
GALLONS

40,759

36,200
33,393
50,000
28,191
25,588 25,582
40,000
22,977

30,000
20,433 20,398 20,380 14,182
18,100
20,000 16,696
12,794 12,791 9,286
11,488
7,079 7,091
4,643

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

MONTHS

Fig: 1.4

Fig-1.4 shows a comparison between theoretical & diversified Condensate values.50 % diversity is just
a factor of safety to cushion our design & real-time values at site may exceed this diversity factor.

2.2 WATER BUDGET

One of the prime motive to develop water budget is to estimate the Water demand used for
flushing of Water Closet. We are using highly efficient Toilets in this school with flush rate ranging
from 0.8-1.28 Gallons/Flush.
 Quranic Girl Intermediate School is divided into 5 Zones for both HVAC & plumbing
Calculations. The detail Sub-Division of these zones is as shown below in figure-1.51

Fig: 1.51

Total number of Water Closet in all Zones & their respective demand Flow volume is as shown in Table-1.31
& Total Flushing Demand for Entire School/monthly is as shown in Table-1.32

NO'S
GALLO Flush/ Flush/Da Gallons/Day
ZONE OF NO OF
NS/ Person/Da y/ / Zone
WAT OCCUPANT
FLUS y Zone
A ER5
H0.8 20 3 60 48
B CLOS
7 0.8 246 3 738 590
ET
C 7 0.8 246 3 738 590
D 7 0.8 225 3 675 540
E 3 0.8 20 3 60 48
Table: 1.31
 NO OF Gallons/ Gallons/ Gallons/ Gallons/ Gallons/
MONTH OCCUPIED Month Month Month Month Month
DAYS ZONE- ZONE- ZONE- ZONE-D ZONE-
A B C E
JAN 15 720 8,850 8,850 8,100 720
FEB 22 1,056 12,980 12,980 11,880 1,056
MAR 15 720 8,850 8,850 8,100 720
APR 14 672 8,260 8,260 7,560 672
MAY 22 1,056 12,980 12,980 11,880 1,056
JUN 22 1,056 12,980 12,980 11,880 1,056
JUL 5 240 2,950 2,950 2,700 240
AUG 22 1,056 12,980 12,980 11,880 1,056
SEP 11 528 6,490 6,490 5,940 528
OCT 22 1,056 12,980 12,980 11,880 1,056
NOV 22 1,056 12,980 12,980 11,880 1,056
DEC 12 576 7,080 7,080 6,480 576
TOTAL
GALLONS/YR/ ZONE 9,792 120,360 120,360 110,160 9,792

TOTAL
GALLONS/YR FOR 370,464
ENTIRE SCHOOL

Table: 1.32
DETAILED WATER BUDGET CALCULATIONS

2.21 DETAIL WATER BUDGET CALCULATION OF ZONE- A FOR JANUARY MONTH

Assuming 3 flushes/day/student or staff in Girl Intermediate School Toilet Flush & Gallons used in
ZONE-A:
No of occupant = 20 Flush/person/day = 3
Flush/Day/Zone = 20 x 3 = 60
Gallons/Day = 60 x 0.8 = 48
No of Occupied days in January Month = 15 Days

Total Demand Gallons/month = 15 x 48 = 720 Gallons-----------A

Available Gallons of Condensate Generated in January month for this Zone 2769 Gallons-----------------B
Assuming 50% diversity factor as discussed above,
Total Supply Condensate = 2769 x 0.5 = 1385------C
From Equ-A & Equ-C it’s clear that Condensate generated is enough to take all the flushes assumed & still
1385-720= 665 Gallons will be left unused for any uncertain demand.

This explains that condensate generated in January Month for Zone-A in GIRL INTERMEDIATE
SCHOOL IS SUFFICIENT TO FLUSH THESE TOILETS

2.22 DETAIL WATER BUDGET CALCULATION OF ZONE- B FOR JANUARY MONTH

Assuming 3 flushes/day/student or staff in Girl Intermediate School Toilet Flush & Gallons used in
ZONE-B:
No of occupant = 246
Flush/person/day = 3
Flush/Day/Zone = 246 x 3 = 738
Gallons/Day = 738 x 0.8 = 591
No of Occupied days in January Month = 15 Days

Total Demand Gallons/month = 15 x 591 = 8856 Gallons-----------A

Available Gallons of Condensate Generated in January month for this Zone 3028 Gallons-----------------B
Assuming 50% diversity factor as discussed above
Total Supply Condensate = 3028 x 0.5 = 1514---------------C

From Equ-A & Equ-C it is clear that Condensate generated is not enough to take all the flushes assumed & still
8856-1328= 7528 Gallons will be additional demand.

This explains that condensate generated in January Month for Zone-B in GIRL INTERMEDIATE
SCHOOL IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO FLUSH THESE TOILETS

2.23 DETAIL WATER BUDGET CALCULATION OF ZONE- C FOR JANUARY MONTH

Assuming 3 flushes/day/student or staff in Girl Intermediate School Toilet Flush & Gallons used in
ZONE-C:
No of occupant = 246 Flush/person/day = 3
Flush/Day/Zone = 246 x 3 = 738
Gallons/Day = 738 x 0.8 = 591
No of Occupied days in January Month = 15 Days
Total Demand Gallons/month = 15 x 591 = 8856 Gallons----------A

Available Gallons of Condensate Generated in January month for this Zone 3137 Gallons-----------------B
Assuming 50% diversity factor as discussed above in section
Total Supply Condensate = 3137 x 0.5 = 1569---------------C

From Equ-A & Equ-C it’s clear that Condensate generated is not enough to take all the flushes assumed & still
8856-1569= 7287 Gallons will be additional demand.

This explains that condensate generated in January Month for Zone-C in GIRL INTERMEDIATE
SCHOOL IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO FLUSH THESE TOILETS
2.24 DETAIL WATER BUDGET CALCULATION OF ZONE- D FOR JANUARY MONTH
 Assuming 3 flushes/day/student or staff in Girl Intermediate School Toilet Flush & Gallons used in
ZONE-D:
No of occupant = 225 Flush/person/day = 3
Flush/Day/Zone = 225 x 3 = 675
Gallons/Day = 675 x 0.8 = 540
No of Occupied days in January Month = 15 Days
Total Demand Gallons/month = 15 x 540 = 8100 Gallons-----------A

Available Gallons of Condensate Generated in January month for this Zone 3151 Gallons-----------------B
Assuming 50% diversity factor as discussed above

Total Supply Condensate = 3151 x 0.5 = 1575.5---------------C

From Equ-A & Equ-C it’s clear that Condensate generated is not enough to take all the flushes assumed &
still 8100-1575.5= 6524.5 Gallons will be additional demand.

This explains that condensate generated in January Month for Zone-D in GIRL INTERMEDIATE
SCHOOL IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO FLUSH THESE TOILETS

2.25 DETAIL WATER BUDGET CALCULATION OF ZONE- E FOR JANUARY MONTH

Assuming 3 flushes/day/student or staff in Girl Intermediate School Toilet Flush & Gallons used in
ZONE-E:
No of occupant = 20 Flush/person/day = 3
Flush/Day/Zone = 20 x 3 = 60
Gallons/Day = 60 x 0.8 = 48
No of Occupied days in January Month = 15 Days
Total Demand Gallons/month = 15 x 48 = 720 Gallons-----------A

Available Gallons of Condensate Generated in January month for this Zone 2073 Gallons-----------------B
Assuming 50% diversity factor as discussed above
Total Supply Condensate = 2073 x 0.5 = 1037---------------C

From Equ-A & Equ-C it’s clear that Condensate generated is enough to take all the flushes assumed & still
1037-720= 317 Gallons will be left unused for any uncertain demand.

This explains that condensate generated in January Month for Zone-E in GIRL INTERMEDIATE
SCHOOL IS SUFFICIENT TO FLUSH THESE TOILETS

SUMMARISED CONCLUSION: CONDENSATE GENERATED IN ZONE-A & ZONE-B IS

SUFFICIENT TO COVER ALL THE FLUSHING DEMANDS DUE TO LOW OCCUPANT LOAD
BUT CONDENSATE GENERATED IN ZONE-B,C,D IS NOT SUFFICIENT TO MEET THE
FLUSHING DEMAND DUE TO HIGH OCCUPANT LOAD

2.3 GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION

 ZONE-B
14,000
12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980
12,000

10,000

8,850 8,850
8,000 8,260

7,080
6,490
6,000

4,751 4,734 4,694

4,000 3,919 4,021
3,450
2,837 2,871 2,950
2,633
2,000
1,514 1,517

ZONE-A
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
3,000 MONTH

2409
2,500
2268 2253 2209

1902
2,000 1796

1539
1,500 1292

1,056 1,056 1,056 1,056 1,056 1,056

943
1,000
720 720 672
528 576
515
500
240

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTH
 ZONE-D
14,000

12,000 11,880 11,880 11,880 11,880 11,880 11,880

10,000

8,000 8,100 8,100

7,560
6,480
6,000 5,940

4,798 4,806 4,567

4,000 4,228
3,881
3,114 2,970 2,985
2,700 2,735
2,000
1,575 1,637

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTH

ZONE-C
14,000
Fig:
12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980

12,000

10,000
8,850 8,850
8,260
8,000 7,080
6,490

6,000
4,963 4,961 4,911
3,989 4,195
4,000 3,026 3,005
2,971 2,950 2,761

1,569 1,573
2,000

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTH
 From above graphical representation, it is clear that for Zone-A & Zone-E; condensate is available in
excess amount & it can be pumped to Zone – B, C, and D as required, as condensate in this Zone is not sufficient
due to heavy Occupant Load. This can be well understood with above Fig which shows condensate deficit in
Zone-B-C-D.
As Zone-B is close to Zone-A, excess condensate from Zone-A can be used in Zone-B. In a similar way,
excess condensate from Zone-E can be used in Zone-D.
This will ensure that the excess of Condensate in Zone-A, E is not wasted & in-turn used in other zone
to meet the motive of water conservation

EXCESS ORIGINAL COMPENSA EXCESS ORIGINAL COMPENSA

CONDENS CONDENS TED CONDENS CONDENS TED
ATE IN ATE IN CONDENSA ATE IN ATE IN CONDENSA
ZONE-A ZONE-B TE OF ZONE-E ZONE-D TE OF
JAN [X]
665 [Y]
1,514 ZONE-B
2,179 [M]
317 [N]
1,575 ZONE-D
1,892
FEB 1,338 3,450 [Z=X+Y]
4,788 1,056 3,114 [O=M+N]
4,170
MAR 1,377 2,837 4,214 1,200 2,970 4,169
APR 1,380 2,871 4,251 1,206 2,985 4,191
MAY 1,480 3,919 5,399 1,317 3,881 5,197
JUN 1,968 4,751 6,719 1,841 4,798 6,639
JUL 447 1,079 1,526 418 1,091 1,509
AUG 1,947 4,734 6,681 1,837 4,806 6,643
SEP 1,195 2,633 3,828 1,108 2,735 3,843
OCT 2,156 4,694 6,850 1,939 4,567 6,506
NOV 1,889 4,021 5,910 1,655 4,228 5,883
DEC 682 1,517 2,199 530 1,637 2,167
 COMPENSATED CONDENSATE ZONE-D
14,000

12,000 11,880 11,880 11,880 11,880 11,880 11,880

10,000

8,000 8,100 8,100

7,560
6,639 6,643 6,506 6,480
6,000 5,940 5,883
5,197
4,798 4,806 4,567
4,000 4,170 4,169 4,191 3,881 4,228
3,843
3,114 2,970 2,985 2,700 2,735
2,000 2,167
11,,859
752 1,509 1,637

JAN MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
MONTH

COMPENSATED CONDENSATE ZONE-B

14,000
12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980 12,980
12,000

10,000
8,850 8,850
8,000 8,260
6,850 7,080
6,719 6,681 6,490
6,000 5,910
5,399
4,788 4,751 4,734 4,694
4,000 4,214 4,251 3,919 4,021
3,450 3,828
2,837 2,871 2,950 2,633
2,000 2,179 2,199
1,514 1,526 1,517

JAN MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV
MONTH
 DEMAND VS CONDENSATE IN ENTIRE GIRL INTERMEDIATE
SCHOOL
45,000
39,952 39,952 39,952 39,952 39,952 39,952
40,000
35,000
30,000 27,240 27,240
25,424
25,000 21,792
20,433 20,398 20,380
18,100
20,000 16,696
15,000 12,794 12,791
11,488
9,080
10,000 7,079 7,091
4,643
5,000
0
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTH

III. HOW MUCH CONDENSATE WATER CAN QURANIC INTERMEDIATE SCHOOL GIVE?

There are 5 No’s AHU in Quranic Girl Intermediate School & condensate generated in Gallons by these
AHU’S are given in below Table 1.1.

There are various technique to capture condensate Flow Volume & Engineers & researchers have developed
certain Thumb rules even based on Tonnage & Sq Ft Area to be Air Conditioned.

However we have captured theoretical data from HAP [Hourly Analysis Program] Software based on
thermodynamic relation below.

QC= Qa X DENSITY X (W1-W2) X 0.45 X 0.2641 X 60 ----- Equation -1

Where,

QC – Gallons/Hr. of Condensate.

Qa = Air Flow rate of mixed air [Return + Outdoor] in CFM Density - Stds

Density of Air = 0.075 lb/ft3 at atmospheric Pressure. W1 - Specific humidity

of Mix Air Entering Cooling Coil.

W2 – Specific humidity of Cool Air Leaving Cooling Coil.

& 0.45, 0.2641 & 60 are conversion factors to be used to get values in Gallon/H
 AHU-01 AHU-02 AHU-03 AHU-04 AHU-05

JAN 2,769 3,028 3,137 3,151 2,073

FEB 4,789 6,900 6,051 6,227 4,224

MAR 4,194 5,674 5,942 5,939 3,839

APR 4,103 5,743 6,010 5,969 3,756

MAY 5,072 7,837 7,977 7,761 4,745

JUN 6,047 9,502 9,926 9,597 5,794

JUL 1,373 2,158 2,256 2,182 1,317

AUG 6,007 9,468 9,922 9,612 5,787

SEP 3,445 5,266 5,523 5,470 3,273

OCT 6,425 9,388 9,823 9,134 5,990

NOV 5,890 8,042 8,390 8,457 5,422

DEC 2,515 3,034 3,147 3,275 2,212

TOTAL
GALLONS/YR BY 52,629 76,039 78,104 76,772 48,431
AHU

TOTAL
GALLONS/YR BY 331,977 GALLONS/YR
ENTIRE SCHOOL
IV. RESEARCH - COST ANALYSIS

A. SYSTEM WITHOUT CONDENSATE

Clearly, there is 370,464 Gallons or 1403 Cu meter of annual water demand alone for flushing. If it
happens to use only Potable water alone for flushing, it would cost 8,414 SAR/Annual as per Marafiq Water
Tariff in Table 1.5.

8414 SAR annual cost will be of no comparison if it needs to be compared with Condensate Recovery
System Initial Cost. Because in Saudi Arabia water is charged at very low compared with a price its produced
at Desalination Plants. This extra amount Govt is subsidizing from over exempting on its citizen & delivering
water at very low tariff. This is why we cannot get a Pay Back period for our Condensate Recovery System with
actual Marafiq Tariff as this system obviously will exceed 8414 SAR overall Cost even for a Payback Period of
5 yrs.

So to get a clear picture let us bring additional Cost for Sea Water Desalination & Water Treatment to be done
to this 1403 Cu meter water, so that this water to be eligible for Potable Water.

Note that this additional cost Saudi Govt is paying for every Cu Meter to convert Sea Water into Potable water
& treat Sewer after being used.
 WITHOUT CONDENSATE

Deman
Potable Water SAR
d
MONTH Gallons/ Demand CU [300
METER/MON ABOVE]
Month
TH ENTIRE CU.
Entire
SCHOOL M6
School
JAN 27,240 103 SAR
619
FEB 39,952 151 907
MAR 27,240 103 619
APR 25,424 96 577
MAY 39,952 151 907
JUN 39,952 151 907
JUL 9,080 34 206
AUG 39,952 151 907
SEP 19,976 76 454
OCT 39,952 151 907
NOV 39,952 151 907
DEC 21,792 82 495
TOTAL 370,464 1,402 8,414
Note: Water tariff are standards water tariff taken exclusively for
Royal Commissioning Projects considering water consumption
are always above 300 Cu Meter/Monthly
Table: 1.5

The International Desalination Association World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse 2019/Dubai, UAE
REF: IDAWC19-Raut
 A. Potable Water Cost: 8414 SAR--------------------------A

Cost of Desalination=4.08 SAR/Cu Meter [1.09 US$/CU Meter]

B. Total Cost = 4.08 x 1403 = 5724 SAR ------------------------B

C. Cost Of Water Treatment = 7.45 SAR/CU Meter [1.98 US$/CU Meter]

D. Total Cost = 7.45 x 1403 = 10,452 SAR-------------------------C

TOTAL COST = A +B + C = 8414+5724+10,452 = 24,590 SAR/Annual.

B . SYSTEM WITH CONDENSATE

Assuming 50% condensation, we noticed that we have 165,989 Gallons of Condensate. Table 1.6. &
additional we need 774 Cu Meter of potable water for complete flushing. This comes with an expense of 4,644
SAR/Annually.

A Potable Water Cost: 4644 SAR--------------------------A

Cost of Desalination=4.08 SAR/Cu Meter [1.09 US$/CU Meter]

B. Total Cost = 4.08 x 774 = 3158 SAR ------------------------B

C. Cost Of Water Treatment = 7.45 SAR/CU Meter [1.98 US$/CU Meter]

D. Total Cost = 7.45 x 774 = 5766 SAR-------------------------C

TOTAL COST = A+B + C = 4644+3158+5766 = 13,568 SAR /Annual.

TOTAL WATER SAVINGS: = 165,989 GALLONS/ANNUALLY

TOTAL COST SAVINGS: 24,590 – 13,568 = 11,022 SAR/ANNUALLY

The International Desalination Association World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse 2019/Dubai, UAE
REF: IDAWC19-RAUT
-- 18 --
 Deman SAR
Gallons OF POTABLE
d [300
MONTH Gallons/ 50% WATER CU
ABOV
Condensate/ METER/MON
Month E]
Month TH ENTIRE
Entire CU.M
Entire School SCHOOL
School 6 SAR
JAN 27,240 7,079 76 458
FEB 39,952 14,095 98 587
MAR 27,240 12,794 55 328
APR 25,424 12,791 48 287
MAY 39,952 16,696 88 528
JUN 39,952 20,433 74 443
JUL 9,080 4,643 17 101
AUG 39,952 20,398 74 444
SEP 19,976 11,488 32 193
OCT 39,952 20,380 74 445
NOV 39,952 18,100 83 496
DEC 21,792 7,091 56 334
TOTAL 370,464 165,989 774 4,644
Note: Water tariff are standards water tariff taken exclusively for
Royal Commissioning Projects considering water consumption
are always

V. CONCLUSIONS OR RESULTS

After detailed Water Budget study, it can be concluded that if we can use

1. 100% Condensate water for Toilet Flushing we can save up to 331,977 Gallons/Yr. of Potable water.
2. 50% Condensate water for Toilet Flushing we can save up to 165,989 Gallons/Yr. of Potable water.

In addition, it is important to note that these thousands of Gallons is avoided both at input stage & at Exit stage of
School premises. This means

 We don’t need to pump this much of saved Gallons of water from Marafiq Municipal Govt Organization
which not only guarantee reduced Water charges to Quranic Project but also reduces Water Desalination
requirement at these many Gallons of water thus helping Saudi Arabia energy demand crisis

 We can avoid draining these many Gallons of water into Local Sewer, which could have again increased
Water Treatment Cost of these many Gallons.

The International Desalination Association World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse 2019/Dubai, UAE
REF: IDAWC19-RAUT
-- 19 --
Lease but not less, this condensate Reclaim may look like tiny save of water when compared with Overall Mutrafiah
Quranic School Demand but still this little saving of water can assure Sustainability & Commitment to
Environment.

VI. REFERENCES

 Review of Saudi Arabia Municipal Water Tarif- Omar K M Ouda, Department of Civil Engineer,
Prince Muhammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.
 Hourly Analysis Program Software Specific Humidity results for Quranic Girl Intermediate School-
Mutrafiah Project, Al Jubail- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
 San Antonio- United States of America- User Manual for Condensate Collection & Use Manual for
Commercial Buildings.
 ASHRAE Journal on Condensate Recovery System by Karen Guz Vol 47, no-6 Published on June
2005.
 White paper by Belfer Center for Science & international Affairs on Waste Water Reuse in Saudi
Arabia by Arani, Laura Diaz & Afreen Siddique.
 Engineers Newsletter by TRANE Vol 36-4 for FAQ on LEED & HVAC design for sustainability.
 2012 Green Plumbing & Mechanical Code Supplement; Second Edition.
 American Society of Plumbing Engineer; Vol-2 for Water Purification stds & treatment.

The International Desalination Association World Congress on Desalination and Water Reuse 2019/Dubai, UAE
REF: IDAWC19-RAUT
-- 20 --