DEFLECTIONS

DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD

ENGR. KEVIN PAOLO V. ROBLES
 6.1 INTRODUCTION
If the deformations disappear and the structure regains
its original shape when the actions causing the
deformations are removed, the deformations are
termed elastic deformations.

The permanent deformations of structures are referred

to as inelastic, or plastic, deformations.

In this text, we will focus our attention on linear elastic

deformations. Such deformations vary linearly with
applied loads (for instance, if the magnitudes of the
loads acting on the structure are doubled, its
deformations are also doubled, and so forth).

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.2 ELASTIC CURVE
Before the slope or displacement of a point on a beam or frame 0 is determined, it
is often helpful to sketch the deflected shape of the structure when it is loaded in
order to partially check the results. This deflection diagram represents the elastic
curve or locus of points which defines the displaced position of the centroid of the
cross section along the members.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
6.2 ELASTIC CURVE

A positive moment tends to bend a beam or

horizontal member concave upward.

Likewise, a negative moment tends to bend

the beam or member concave downward.

Therefore, if the shape of the moment

diagram is known, it will be easy to construct
the elastic curve and vice versa.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
6.2 ELASTIC CURVE

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 ELASTIC-BEAM THEORY
If the material is homogeneous and behaves in a linear elastic manner, then Hooke’s
law applies, . Also, since the flexure formula applies,
Combining these equations and substituting into the above equation, we have

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 ELASTIC-BEAM THEORY
To express in Cartesian coordinates, we recall (from calculus) the relationship

Therefore,

Deflection of beams is so small, such that the slope of the elastic curve dy/dx is very
small, and squaring this expression the value becomes practically negligible, hence

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Considering that EI is constant, the equation may be written,

MOMENT EQUATION 𝑬𝑰𝒚′′ = 𝑴

SLOPE EQUATION 𝑬𝑰𝒚′ = 𝑴𝒙 + 𝒄𝟏

𝑴𝒙𝟐
DEFLECTION EQUATION 𝑬𝑰𝒚 = + 𝒄𝟏 𝒙 + 𝒄𝟐
𝟐

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the equation of the elastic curve, the deflection at the midspan and at the
free end, as well as θmid and θend

100 N

E = 200 GPa
I = 300 x 10 6 mm 4

8m

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the deflection, y, for every meter length of the given figure below in terms
of 1/EI.

400 N
200 N/m
1000 N-m

4m 2m 2m 4m

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the particular solution of the deflection of the given figure below.

8 kN/m

3m 3m

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the equation of the elastic curve for the beam using the x coordinate that
is valid for 0 < x < L. EI is constant. Also, determine the deflection at the midspan.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the equation of the elastic curve for the beam using the x coordinate that
is valid for 0 < x < L. EI is constant. Also, determine the deflection at the midspan.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the equation of the elastic curve for the beam using the x coordinate that
is valid for 0 < x < L. EI is constant. Also, determine the deflection at the free end.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the equation of the elastic curve for the beam using the x coordinate that
is valid for 0 < x < L. EI is constant. Also, determine the deflection at the free end.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering
 6.3 DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
Determine the equation of the elastic curve for the beam using the x coordinate that
is valid for 0 < x < L. EI is constant. Also, determine the deflection at the free end.

THEORY OF STRUCTURES 1 | Engr. Kevin Paolo V. Robles

MAPUA UNIVERSITY – School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering