Training Files:
Download the training files using the button below, if you have not done so already.
Download
Procedure Setup:
1. To avoid naming conflicts, it is recommended you save your work, click File > Close until no models
display, then click File > Manage Session > Erase Not Displayed.
2. Click File > Manage Session > Set Working Directory and navigate to the
PTCU\CreoParametric2\Simulate_Modeling\DefineForce folder and click OK
Objectives
Define constraints.
Define forces.
Scenario
In this exercise, you investigate the stresses and deformations that develop on a sheave shaft under external
loads. The structural component is subjected to several types of loads (pressure and torque). The purpose of
the exercise is to show how to combine their effects. In this example, you assume only material linearity.
Therefore, the load effects can be linearly combined.
In this example, the knowledge about the load magnitudes is either simulated or evaluated from the limp belt
theory. Always make sure that you are using legitimate engineering references when analytically estimating
load values or constraint systems.
From the belt drive, the shaft is loaded in bending and torsion as shown below. You want to transfer a torque
of 50 N. You can make use of the limp belt theory and the equations shown.
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Figure 1
Study these load components and think about how to group them to examine their individual effects. You use
three main load sets:
1. Click File > Prepare > Model Properties. The Model Properties dialog box appears.
2. Review the units used in the model. To close the Model Properties dialog box, click Close.
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3. In the model tree, expand Materials. Right-click HIGH_STRENGTH_STEEL and select Edit
Definition. The Material Definition dialog box appears.
4. Review the values for Young’s Modulus (E) and Poisson’s Ratio. In addition to the stresses and
deformations, you will plot the Failure Index. Therefore, the Failure Criteria has been defined for
this material. It is a ductile material and the Yield Strength of the material has been specified. Click
Ok to close the Material Definition dialog box.
5. Review the surface and volume regions created in the model. These are used for constraint and
load definitions. To identify these simulation features, expand Simulation Features. Click in each
feature to identify it in the model. The surface regions help to define constraints in the model. The
volume regions help to define loads.
6. Review the datum points defined in the model by clicking PNT2, PNT3, PNT4, and PNT5 in the
model tree. These points help to define constraints in the model.
1. Define the weighted links in the model. In the ribbon, select the Refine Model tab.
2. Click Weighted Link from the Connections group. The Weighted Link Definition dialog box
appears.
3. Select Surfaces from the Independent Side drop-down list. Select the cylindrical surface Surf:F30
on the model as shown.
Figure 2
4. Enable Point Display . In the Weighted Link Definition dialog box, Dependent Side section,
click in the Point field. Select PNT8 on the model as shown.
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Figure 3
5. Click OK.
6. Repeat this procedure to create a second weighted link on the other end of the shaft. Select PNT9
as the Dependent Side point.
7. Click Spring from the Idealizations group. The Spring Definition dialog box appears.
9. In the Properties section, click More. The Spring Properties dialog box appears.
10. Click New. The Spring Property Definition dialog box appears.
Figure 4
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15. Define a second spring element To Ground for PNT9 at the opposite end of the shaft. Complete
the Spring Property Definition dialog box as shown, and click OK to return to the Spring Properties
dialog box.
Figure 5
16. Click OK to close the Spring Properties and Spring Definition dialog boxes and complete the spring
definition.
17. In addition to the two spring elements that you just created, you need to create a “dummy” spring
element connecting the two points, PNT8 and PNT9. This element is needed to bypass any error
checking done by Creo Simulate regarding the To Ground springs. Click Spring from the
Idealizations group. The Spring Definition dialog box appears.
◾ In the Properties section, select Constant Stiffness from the Extensional Force-Deflection
Variation drop-down list.
19. Click OK to close the Spring Definition dialog box and complete the spring definition.
1. Define a load set simulating the belt preload. The load is defined in a Cylindrical coordinate system
that has been defined. In the ribbon, select the Home tab.
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2. Click Force/Moment Load from the Loads group. The Force/Moment Load dialog box
appears.
3. In the Member of Set section, click New. The Load Set Definition dialog box appears.
5. Select the curved surface on the model as shown. One surface should be displayed in the
selection bin.
Figure 6
6. In the Force/Moment Load dialog box, select Selected in the Properties section.
8. Select Force Per Unit Area from the Distribution drop-down list.
12. Define a load simulating the torque in the shaft. This torque load set has two loads. The first load is
the transferred torque defined at the end of the shaft. In the ribbon, select the Home tab.
13. Click Force/Moment Load from the Loads group. The Force/Moment Load dialog box
appears.
14. In the Member of Set section, click New. The Load Set Definition dialog box appears.
16. Select the curved surface on the model as shown. Two surfaces should be displayed in the
selection bin.
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Figure 7
17. In the Force/Moment Load dialog box, select Advanced in the Properties section.
18. Select Total Load at Point from the Distribution drop-down list. In the model, select PNT2.
22. The second load of the torque load set is applied on half of the surface shaft. In the ribbon, select
the Home tab.
23. Click Force/Moment Load from the Loads group. The Force/Moment Load dialog box
appears.
24. In the Member of Set section, select Torque from the drop-down list.
25. Select the curved surface on the model as shown. One surface should be displayed in the
selection bin.
Figure 8
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26. In the Force/Moment Load dialog box, select Selected in the Properties section.
28. Select Force Per Unit Area from the Distribution drop-down list.
32. The last load set contains the additional pressure load from the transferred torque. The load is
going to vary as a function of geometry. In the ribbon, select the Home tab.
33. Click Force/Moment Load from the Loads group. The Force/Moment Load dialog box
appears.
34. In the Member of Set section, click New. The Load Set Definition dialog box appears.
36. Select the curved surface on the model as shown. One surface should be displayed in the
selection bin.
Figure 9
37. In the Force/Moment Load dialog box, select Selected in the Properties section.
39. Select Force Per Unit Area from the Distribution drop-down list.
40. Select Interpolated Over Entity from the Spatial Variation drop-down list.
41. Press CTRL and select PNT3 and PNT4 from the model.
42. In the Value column, type 0 in the first field, and type 27.2109 in the second field.
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2. Click Analyses and Studies from the Run group. The Analyses and Design Studies dialog box
appears.
3. Click File > New Static. The Static Analysis Definition dialog box appears.
◾ Select only the following load sets in the Load Set/Component section.
◾ Belt_Preload
◾ Torque
◾ Belt_addition_p_from_T
Note that there are no constraint sets. The spring elements defined as To Ground are the
actual constraints.
5. Click OK.
7. Click Display Study Status to view the summary report after the analysis is complete. Note
the maximum values for the stresses and deformations for all three load sets. These effects are
not added; they are computed individually.
8. Close all dialog boxes except for the Analyses and Design Studies dialog box.
◾ Failure Index
Note that Creo Simulate provides three individual results to choose the effects from based
on the load sets defined. By default Creo Simulate will combine these effects. Clear the
Include check boxes to investigate individual effects or other load combinations. In
addition, note the Scaling option. Since this is a linear static analysis, a multiplier can be
used to get the effects of applying three times the load in the model. The multiplier can
have different values for each load set defined in the model.
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