Dosen Pembimbing I
Dr. Ir. Joko Lianto Buliali, M. Sc
Dosen Pembimbing I
Dr. Ir. Joko Lianto Buliali, M. Sc
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FINAL PROJECT – CI1599
First Advisor
Dr. Ir. Joko Lianto Buliali, M. Sc
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATICS
Faculty of Information Technology
Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology
Surabaya 2009
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
TUGAS AKHIR
Oleh :
SURYA AGUNG ADITYA IKA NUGRAHA
NRP. 5107 100 518
SURABAYA
JUNI, 2009
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SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PENDUKUNG
PENENTUAN DAERAH RAWAN BANJIR
STUDI KASUS KOTA SURABAYA
Abstrak
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GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM SUPPORTING
TO DETERMINE FLOOD HAZARD AREAS
CASE STUDY SURABAYA
Abstract
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KATA PENGANTAR
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UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN.........................................................v
Abstrak.......................................................................................vii
Abstract .......................................................................................ix
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................xi
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH....................................................xiii
DAFTAR ISI..............................................................................xv
DAFTAR TABEL.....................................................................xix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................xxi
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN............................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang ...................................................................1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah ..............................................................2
1.3 Batasan Masalah ................................................................2
1.4 Tujuan.... ............................................................................3
1.5 Metodologi.........................................................................3
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................4
BAB 2 DASAR TEORI ...............................................................7
2.1 Kondisi Fisik dan Administratif Kota Surabaya ................7
2.2 Banjir..................................................................................9
2.3 Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) ...................................13
2.3.1 Pengertian SIG.........................................................13
2.3.2 Konsep Model Data Spasial pada SIG.....................15
2.3.3 Pentingnya SIG dan Kelebihannya ..........................19
2.4 Arc View ..........................................................................21
2.5 Avenue... ..........................................................................22
2.6 Peta...................................................................................23
2.6.1 Proyeksi Peta ...........................................................23
2.6.1.1 Jenis-Jenis Proyeksi Peta...................................24
2.7 Spatial Multi Criteria Decision Analysis .........................26
BAB 3 PERANCANGAN .........................................................29
3.1 Perancangan Sistem Keseluruhan ....................................29
3.2 Perancangan Sistem GIS..................................................31
3.3 Kriteria Area Rawan Banjir .............................................33
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3.4 Perancangan Data.............................................................36
3.4.1 Data Masukan ..........................................................36
3.4.2 Data Keluaran ..........................................................37
3.4.3 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) ......................................38
3.4.3.1 DFD Level 0......................................................38
3.4.3.2 DFD Level 1......................................................38
3.4.3.3 DFD Level 2 Analisa Spasial ............................39
3.4.3.4 DFD Level 2 Penentuan Area Rawan Banjir ....40
3.5 Perancangan Basis Data ...................................................42
3.5.1 Model Data Konseptual (Conseptual Data Model)..42
3.5.2 Model Data Fisik (Physical Data Model) ................43
3.6 Diagram Alir Proses Perhitungan dan Klasifikasi ...........46
3.7 Perancangan Antarmuka ..................................................50
BAB 4 IMPLEMENTASI .........................................................55
4.1 Lingkungan Implementasi................................................55
4.2 Implementasi....................................................................55
4.2.1 Tahap Pre – Processing............................................55
4.2.1.1 Pembuatan Peta Dasar.......................................56
4.2.1.2 Registrasi dan Transformasi Peta Dasar............68
4.2.2 Tahap Pembobotan dan Penilaian............................71
4.2.3 Proses Overlay .........................................................74
4.2.4 Proses Klasifikasi Parameter ...................................80
4.2.5 Proses Perhitungan...................................................81
4.2.6 Proses Klasifikasi Hasil ...........................................82
4.2.7 Tahap Visualisasi.....................................................84
BAB 5 UJI COBA DAN EVALUASI ......................................87
5.1 Lingkungan Uji Coba.......................................................87
5.2 Data Uji Coba ..................................................................87
5.3 Uji Coba.. .........................................................................88
5.3.1 Skenario 1 ................................................................88
5.3.2 Skenario 2 ................................................................92
5.3.3 Skenario 3 ................................................................93
5.3.4 Skenario 4 ................................................................94
5.3.5 Skenario 5 ................................................................96
5.3.6 Skenario 6 ................................................................97
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5.3.7 Skenario 7 ................................................................98
5.3.8 Skenario 8 ..............................................................100
5.3.9 Skenario 9 ..............................................................101
5.4 Evaluasi..........................................................................103
5.4.1 Evaluasi Penggunaan Lahan Kota Surabaya..........103
5.4.2 Evaluasi Topografi Kota Surabaya ........................103
5.4.3 Evaluasi Saluran Drainase Kota Surabaya.............104
5.4.4 Evaluasi Jenis Tanah dan Batuan Kota Surabaya ..105
5.4.5 Evaluasi Curah Hujan Kota Surabaya ...................105
5.4.6 Analisis Daerah Rawan Banjir Kota Surabaya ......106
5.4.7 Analisis Skenario Uji Coba....................................107
BAB 6 PENUTUP....................................................................111
6.1 Kesimpulan ....................................................................111
6.2 Saran...... ........................................................................111
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..............................................................113
LAMPIRAN .............................................................................115
Lampiran A ...........................................................................115
Lampiran B............................................................................123
Lampiran C............................................................................125
Lampiran D ...........................................................................127
BIODATA PENULIS ..............................................................133
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DAFTAR TABEL
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
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Gambar 3.19 Dialog bobot dan nilai tinggi genangan.................53
Gambar 4.1 Blok Diagram Pre-Processing .................................56
Gambar 4.2 Aplikasi CAD2Shape ..............................................57
Gambar 4.3 Entitas yang akan dirubah ke SHP ..........................58
Gambar 4.4 Dialog untuk menambahkan field............................58
Gambar 4.5 Dialog untuk mengisi luas .......................................59
Gambar 4.6 Peta Kecamatan Kota Surabaya...............................60
Gambar 4.7 Peta Kelurahan Kota Surabaya ................................61
Gambar 4.8 Tabel atribut kecamatan...........................................61
Gambar 4.9 Tabel atribut kelurahan............................................61
Gambar 4.10 Peta Kegunaan Lahan ............................................62
Gambar 4.11 Tabel atribut kegunaan Lahan ...............................62
Gambar 4.12 Peta topografi.........................................................63
Gambar 4.13 Tabel atribut topografi...........................................63
Gambar 4.14 Peta saluran............................................................64
Gambar 4.15 Tabel atribut saluran ..............................................64
Gambar 4.16 Peta stasiun penakar hujan.....................................65
Gambar 4.17 Tabel atribut stasiun penakar hujan .......................65
Gambar 4.18 Peta lama genangan air..........................................66
Gambar 4.19 Tabel atribut peta genangan...................................66
Gambar 4.20 Peta tinggi genangan air ........................................67
Gambar 4.21 Tabel atribut tinggi genangan air...........................67
Gambar 4.22 Peta jenis batuan ....................................................68
Gambar 4.23 Tabel atribut jenis batuan ......................................68
Gambar 4.24 Dialog aktivasi Extension......................................69
Gambar 4.25 Dialog Extension Register and Transform ............70
Gambar 4.26 Memasukkan source dan destination.....................70
Gambar 4.27 Peta interseksi basemap dengan topografi.............75
Gambar 4.28. Peta hasil pemotongan penggunaan lahan ............76
Gambar 4.29 Peta Interseksi basemap – topografi - landuse.......76
Gambar 4.30 Peta buffer saluran.................................................78
Gambar 4.31 Peta Union basemap – topografi– landuse - saluran
....................................................................................... 78
Gambar 4.32 Peta union dengan peta lama genangan .................79
Gambar 4.33 Peta union dengan peta tinggi genangan ...............79
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Gambar 4.34 Peta Interseksi dengan peta jenis tanah dan batuan80
Gambar 4.35 Tampilan menu......................................................84
Gambar 4.36 Tampilan utama aplikasi........................................84
Gambar 5.1 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 1......................91
Gambar 5.2 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 2......................92
Gambar 5.3 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 3......................94
Gambar 5.4 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 4......................95
Gambar 5.5 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 5......................97
Gambar 5.6 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 6......................98
Gambar 5.7 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 7....................100
Gambar 5.8 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 8....................101
Gambar 5.9 Hasil daerah rawan banjir Skenario 9....................102
Gambar 5.10 Peta Lama Genangan Surabaya ...........................108
Gambar 5.11 Peta Tinggi Genangan Surabaya..........................108
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