DAFTAR ISI

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. ii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... iii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................ 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................... 2
1.3. Tujuan ......................................................................................... 2
1.4. Manfaat ....................................................................................... 2
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1. Deterjen ....................................................................................... 3
2.2. Sifat-Sifat Deterjen ..................................................................... 5
2.2.1. Sifat Kimia ........................................................................ 5
2.2.2. Sifat Fisika ........................................................................ 5
2.3. Jenis-Jenis Deterjen .................................................................... 9
2.4 Formula Deterjen Serbuk ........................................................... 11
2.5. Dampak Pemakaian Deterjen ...................................................... 13
2.6. Pengolahan Limbah Deterjen ...................................................... 16
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
3.1. Bahan ......................................................................................... 19
3.2. Alat ............................................................................................. 19
3.3. Prosedur Kerja ......................................................................... 19
3.3.1. Diagram Alir .................................................................. 20
3.3.2. Flowsheet ...................................................................... 21
3.3.3. Uraian Proses ............................................................... 22
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 23

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1. Reaksi-Reaksi Pembuatan Sabun ................................................... 5

Gambar 2.2. Skema Emulsi Minyak Dalam Air ................................................. 6
Gambar 2.3. Skema Orientasi Molekul Pengemulsi ........................................... 7
Gambar 2.4. Gaya Tegangan Permukaan Zat Cair ............................................... 8
Gambar 2.5. Gaya Tegangan Permukaan Zat Cair Dilihat
Dari Belahan Bola Zat Cair .............................................................. 9
Gambar 2.6. Sabun/Deterjen Menghancurkan Tegangan
Permukaan Zat Cair .......................................................................... 9
Gambar 2.7. Struktur Surfaktan .......................................................................... 11
Gambar 2.8. Macam–Macam Fungsi Komponen Deterjen ................................ 12
Gambar 2.9. Daerah Toksis Konsentrasi Deterjen Terhadap
Berbagai Organisme ..................................................................... 15
Gambar 2.10. Tingkat Penguraian Dari Beberapa Deterjen ............................... 15
Gambar 3.1. Diagram Alir Pembuatan Deterjen Cair ......................................... 20
Gambar 3.2. Flowsheet ........................................................................................ 21

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