Understanding The Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation On Depression Among FEU High School Grade 11 Stem Students

Understanding the Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Depression Among FEU High
School Grade 11 Stem Students
In partial fulfillment of
the Requirements for
Practical Research 1
presented to
Far Eastern University High School
Sampaloc, Manila City
By:
GROUP 1 STEM-7
Balbin, Jose III

Batiles, Ian Jasper
Canlas, Dale Wilrein
Garrido, Cire Marri
Jonson, Jaimee Valerie
Mirabueno, Eljhon
Palma, Jewel
Vibal, Christian Ian
March 2018
Table of Contents
Title Page
Approval Sheet 3
Certificate of Originality 4
Acknowledgment 5
Abstract 6
Chapter I (Introduction) 8
 Background of the Study 8
 Review of Related Literature 9
 Statement of the Problem 15
 Significance of the Study 15
 Scope and Delimitation 16
 Theoretical Framework 17
Chapter II (Methodology) 19
 Research Design 19
 Methodology 19
 Data Gathering Procedure 20
Chapter III (Presentation of Data and Discussions) 21
 THEME 1: Depression 21
 THEME 2: Factors that Lead to Sleep Deprivation 21

THEME 3: Positive effects of sleep deprivation to 23
depression
Chapter IV (Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations) 25
 Summary 25
 Conclusions 25
 Recommendations 27
Bibliography 28
Appendices 31
 Research Instruments 31
1
 Interview Transcripts 33
 Researchers’ Curriculum Vitae 43
2
Approval Sheet
This research entitled
THE UNDERSTANDING THE POSITIVE EFFECTS OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION

ON DEPRESSION AMONG FEU SHS STUDENTS
Prepared and submitted by Jose Balbin III, Ian Jasper Batiles, Dale Wilrein
Canlas, Cire Marri Garrido, Jaimee Valerie Jonson, Eljhon Mirabueno, Jewel Palma, and
Christian Ian Vibal, has been approved and accepted as partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the subject Practical Research 1.
Approved by the tribunal at the Oral Examination with a grade of ___________
Mr. Ian Lucky Sumbilla

Research Teacher
__________________
Panel
3
Certificate of Originality
The authors hereby declare that the content of the submitted research is free from
any material already published by another author nor does it contain statements lifted
without due acknowledgement of the sources. They similarly attest that materials taken
from other sources are properly cited/quoted.
Thus, except those which have been duly acknowledge, recognized and quoted in
the text, the content of this research has been authentically produced by the author
himself though he may have received assistance from others on style, presentation and
language expression.
Jose Balbin III Jaimee Valerie Jonson

(Signature over printed name) (Signature over printed name)
Ian Jasper Batiles Eljhon Mirabeuno

Dale Wilrein Canlas Jewel Palma

Cire Marri Garrido Christian Ian Vibal

Date: 03/12/2018
4
Acknowledgment
The achievement of this research study would not be feasible without the collaboration
and avocation of the following persons who helped the researchers in conducting and pursuing to
finish this research project. The researchers would like to extend their sincerest thanks and
gratitude:
To the respondents for giving the researchers the needed data in their study.
To Mrs. Mary Jorie Palma-Sicat who helped and guided the researchers on fulfilling the
research study.
To Mr. Ian Lucky Sumbilla , their Practical Research 1 teacher who advised and guided
the researchers on their journey in this research project.
To their parents who supported the researchers emotionally and financially throughout
the whole time.
And lastly, to our Almighty God who gave the researchers wisdom, intelligence, and
perseverance.
5
Abstract
The project entitled “Understanding the Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation on
Depression among FEUHS Grade 11 Stem Students” aimed to provide a basic understanding on
how sleep deprivation positively affects depression. This research examines the experiences of
four selected Grade 11 FEUHS STEM students. It aims to identify how the students perceive
depression, factors that lead them to sleep deprivation and how sleep deprivation helped them to
ease their depression. Data were gathered through structured interviews and a qualitative,
specifically, an exploratory approach was applied.
Analysis of the data resulted to three major themes: (a) Depression amongst FEUHS
student is perceived as a feeling of sadness, dejection, and despondency; these arise within
certain causes of personal, family and relationship problems that students themselves experience
in a way or another; (b) Sleep deprivation occurs depending on the person’s discretion, if they
choose to sleep or be sleep deprived by doing certain activities that either distract or makes them
satisfy their day; and (c) The understanding of the positive effects of sleep deprivation on
depression accepts our assumption that it does positively affect depression. However, it depends
entirely by the individual experiencing themselves.
In conclusion, sleep deprivation does positively affect sleep deprivation. However, short-
term positive effects only occur. It totally depends on how the person will cope to depression
with sleep deprivation. Recommendations were made that will help future researchers to
continue the study (a) to continue the study in a quantitative approach to find the significant
relationship between sleep deprivation and depression involving scientific and statistical
concepts and analysis; (b) to seek for professional guidance and assistance in evaluating persons
6
with depression and sleep deprivation; and (c) To gather information from more than four
respondents.
7
Chapter I
Introduction
Chapter 1 presents the background of the study, review of related literature, the statement
of the problem, the scope and limitations, the significance of the study, and the theoretical
framework.
A. Background of the study
Sleep deprivation is a phenomenon most common amongst millennials or those born after
1980 and the first generation to come of age in the new millennium. Part of the millennials is
mostly teenagers who are now being called Generation Z that makes up 52% of this compounded
generation. It was accorded that about 20% of Generation Z are sleep deprived and reported to be
falling asleep in class at least once in the last two weeks (Bradfort, 2013). This is due to the fact
that modern age on advent of fast pace technologies within their reach, students are expected to
multi-task on school activities to finish in a limited period of time-causing them to neglect or
avoid their time of sleep. Having insufficient amount of sleep will lead to some ill effects like
poor memory recall as an example. In addition, sleep deprivation has a great relevancy within the
cognitive aspect of each individual that affects understanding and reasoning. Therefore, this will
affect the academic performance (Ansell, 2013).
As such, sleep deprivation is understood to be known that causes ill effects to any person.
Although generally relatively true however, recent discovery shows, controlled sleep deprivation
is a quick and efficient way to treat depression. “It works 60 to 70 percent of the time—far better
than existing drugs—but the mood boost usually lasts only until the patient falls asleep” (Levine,
2013).
8
This research will deal with the exploratory study of ‘Understanding the Positive Effects
of Sleep Deprivation on Depression among FEUHS Grade 11 STEM Students’. With this in
mind, the researchers of this study wants to conduct a qualitative research to provide a basic
understanding of the positive effects of sleep deprivation for the Far Eastern University [FEU]
Senior High School [SHS]students who are subjected to such condition and criteria. The primary
goal of the research is to explore and understand if there is really a basis to the recent therapeutic
claims on sleep deprivation to help depressed individuals to view sleep deprivation positively
rather than its generally known ill effects.
B. Review of Related Literature
Depression starts from factors that degrade a person whether it’s social, personal, and
practical achievements. Feeling defeated, trapped, alone, and disconnected, these factors lead the
person affected to lower their self-esteem in everything. All of these connections lead to
depression. Thinking and behavior is the most affected part of a person suffering from
depression. It’s the root of the impending symptoms that encapsulate depression (Gilbert, 2017).
Based on the findings conducted by Jo (2011), many people with depression think they
are just feeling sad, and that it will go away with time. But for 15 million people that believe
depression is a constant feeling that does not go away on its own. These people are the ones who
benefit from extra support and help. They found that depression is the second greatest reason for
disability in the world. Unfortunately, only 10% of these people ever receive any effective
treatment. Depression can impact every area of your life, including but not limited to how you
sleep and eat, your education and career, your relationships, health, and concentration. While we
don’t know exactly what causes depression, a lot of things are often linked to its development.
9
Depression usually results from a combination of recent events and other longer-term or personal
factors, rather than one immediate issue or event.
Generation Z is the successor of Generation Y. They are born between the years of 1996
to 2010. Both generations are often called by the term “Millennials,” although it has something
in common with Generation Z in terms of naming, there are key distinctions as well. First off, the
Generation Z was introduced to a world of technology. Unlike the Generation Y who
experienced both a world without social media, smartphones, etc., and a world with it, the
Generation Z only experienced the latter. As a result, they are more entrenched with technology
than the Generation Y. Privacy is also a key distinction of the Generation Z, they are not as
interested as the Generation Y in showing their lives to the public. Social media platforms like
Snapchat fascinates them than Facebook and other types that leave a long-lasting record on the
platform that takes them back to memories. They also really accept cultural diversity or
multiculturalism, this shapes their characteristics on social issues, and they will continue or
expect social progress to continue to reflect ethnic diversity throughout their lives. The last
distinction is the pragmatism of Generation Z. They are a more cautious group that avoids
negative behaviors and sets their eyes on stable careers and choices. They prefer being practical
than being passionate (Scott, 2016).
Twenty percent of the population of Generation Z is sleep deprived and less productive in
classes (Bradfort, 2013). The cause of this occurrence is the fact that modern age on advent of
fast pace technologies within their reach, students are expected to multi-task on school activities
to finish in a limited period of time-causing them to neglect or avoid their time of sleep. Having
insufficient amount of sleep will lead to some ill effects like poor memory recall as an example.
In addition, sleep deprivation has a great relevancy within the cognitive aspect of each individual
10
that affects understanding and reasoning. Therefore, this will affect the academic performance
(Ansell, 2013).
Researchers have studied different variables that can affect depression in an attempt to
find more effective prevention and treatment. Surprisingly, there appears to be an inverse link
between sleep deprivation and depression. Several studies have shown that depression can be
temporarily improved if one is deprived of sleep, particularly rapid eye movement sleep. Rapid
eye movement (REM) sleep, as the name suggests, is associated with rapid and random side-to-
side movements of the closed eyes and this is the phase where the majority of dreams occur.
When we are sleep deprived, adenosine, which has antidepressant effects, builds up in our cells.
Mice with depressive-like syndromes were injected with adenosine and results say that they have
shown an improvement in mood and behavior, which lasted for about 48 hours. This confirms
that the adenosine buildup is responsible for the antidepressant effects of a lack of REM sleep
and may show similar results in humans (Levine, 2013).
Everyone is different and it's often a combination of factors that can contribute to
developing depression meaning, different treatments are also catered for each person with
depression. Treatments can be the following: therapy, pharmacotherapy or lifestyle changes. One
of the interesting therapies used for the treatment of depression is Wake therapy, a form of sleep
deprivation. Sleep is generally thought to be a mood-stabilizing force. It is certainly one of the
first symptoms targeted by clinicians, usually with medications, to help patients feel better.
Furthermore, studies have shown that sleep deprivation has an effect on neurotransmitter activity
throughout the brain, just like some medications (Laber-Warren, 2015).
11
Sleep deprivation [SD], simply put, is not getting enough sleep. One does not awaken
feeling revitalized and refreshed (Alewett, 2015). Sleep deprivation studies can be generally
categorized into three types, long-term total sleep deprivation or greater than 45 hours, short-
term total sleep deprivation or less than or equal to 45 hours, and partial sleep deprivation like a
sleep restriction to less than 7 hours in 24 hours (Dinges, Durmer, Goel, and Rao, 2009). Sleep
deprivation is generally thought to have negative effects in work, cognitive, memory
performance, etc. but it can also be used as a treatment for depression. In fact, sleep deprivation
is confirmed to have an anti-depressant effect but researchers still do not have an effective grasp
on precisely how effective the treatment is and how to achieve the best clinical results and is
suggesting the need for future studies on the phenotypic nature of the antidepressant response to
sleep deprivation (Basner, Boland, Detre, Dinges, Gehrman, Goel, Rao, Sheline, Smith, and
Thase, 2017).
Knowing that depressive symptoms return after a period of time, researchers started
enhancing sleep deprivation to total sleep deprivation and integrating it with other ways of
treatment like sleep phase advance and bright light therapy to preserve the antidepressant effect.
Sleep phase advance moves the time of sleep onset and awakening forward. For example, sleep
would extend from 5pm to 12 midnight and is used as an adjunct to other antidepressant
interventions. In one study, total sleep deprivation [TSD] was followed by 3 days of sleep phase
advance [SPA], beginning with sleep allowed from 17:00 until 24:00, with daily shiftbacks of 2
hours, to see if it could sustain the effects of TSD with or without a combined antidepressant
drug treatment. Changes in mood during treatment were recorded with self-administered visual
analogue scales and with Hamilton rating scale for depression. Results showed that SPA could
12
sustain the acute antidepressant effect of TSD (Barbini, Benedetti, Campori, Colombo, Fulgosi,
and Pontiggia, 2001).
TSD is where a person or an animal is deprived of all the stages of sleep including REM
sleep. The study found that TSD for one whole night improves depressive symptoms in 40-60%
of treatments. The degree of clinical change spans a continuum from complete remission to
worsening in 2-7%. Other side effects are sleepiness and hypo-mania. SD response shows up in
the SD night or on the following day. Ten to 15% of patients respond after recovery sleep only.
After recovery sleep 50-80% of day 1 responders suffer a complete or partial relapse; but
improvement can last for weeks. Sleep seems to lead to relapse although this is not necessarily
the case. Treatment effects may be stabilized by antidepressant drugs, lithium, shifting of sleep
time or light therapy. The best predictor of a therapeutic effect is a large variability of mood.
Current opinion is that partial sleep deprivation [PSD] in the second half of the night is equally
effective as TSD. There are, however, indications that TSD is superior. Early PSD has the same
effect as late PSD given equal sleep duration. New data cast doubt on the time-honored
conviction that REM sleep deprivation is more effective than non-REM SD. Both may work by
reducing total sleep time. SD is an unspecific therapy. The main indication is the depressive
syndrome. Some studies show positive effects in Parkinson's disease (Giedke & Schwärzler,
2002).
Basically, the study found out that TSD works better than PSD, although there are
indications on some days in the duration of the study that they are equal but overall the study
suggests using TSD in improving depression. Application of repeated TSD and the light therapy
for one week in patients with bipolar disorder type 1 gave improvement. Those who achieved the
antidepressant effect showed increased activity during the day and a forward shift of the sleep-
13
wake rhythm compared to the period before the treatment. The patients without improvement did
not show any circadian rhythm changes. Moving the sleep-wake rhythm forward seems to be
correlated with an improvement after TSD and bright light therapy [BLT] in BD (Barbini,
Benedetti, Colombo, Dallaspezia, Fulgosi, and Smeraldi, 2007).
Another study integrated total sleep deprivation with sleep phase advance,
pharmacotherapy and bright light therapy. Application of this integrated depression treatment
was proven to be effective in improving depression. During the duration of the treatment, 60% of
the patients showed a 50% improvement on the reduction of the depression symptoms on the 6th
day, one patient became progressively worse and another improved on the 13th day. The rest of
the patients improved on the 20th day of the study. All in all, 62% of the patients showed great
improvement in the 20th day of the study (Echizenya, Inomata, Shimizu, Suda, and Takeshima,
2013).
Currently, the most recommended procedure is combining total sleep deprivation with
sleep phase advance and pharmacotherapy, or sometimes also bright light therapy Such
proceedings have proven short-term and long-term efficiency, and might positively affect drug-
resistant depression. Because of the efficiency, simplicity and safety of this procedure, the
researchers think that, in its modern version with SPA, it should be used more often as an
element of depression therapy. In dealing with patients who are resistant to pharmacotherapy,
one should consider introducing SD and integrated chronobiologic treatment in such patients
because it can shorten the duration of the treatment and effectively treat an episode of depression
(Dopierala & Rybakowski, 2015).
14
Synthesis
The total sleep deprivation with sleep phase advance and pharmacotherapy is very
effective for a sleep deprived person but we need to keep in mind that it must be administered in
a proper way. Sleep deprivation is not something you can quickly recover from, like some
ordinary fever. It is needed to be treated properly by process. It can really reduce our alertness,
attention span, slower reaction time, poorer judgement, decision-making skills, poorer memory,
reduced concentration and such. So it is needed to be to be treated well. Sleep deprivation
together with medical intervention by the experts must be taken into account to maximize its
efficacy in the treatment of depression. Then process must be handled with care by competent
administrators otherwise all effort may be wasted if not handled with utmost care.
C. Statement of the Problem
This study aims to understand the positive effects of sleep deprivation on depression
among students of FEUSHS. The study’s primary goal is to answer the following questions:
1.) How do FEUHS students perceive depression?
2.) What are the factors that lead to sleep deprivation that FEUHS students experience?
3.) How does sleep deprivation positively affect depression amongst FEUHS students?
D. Significance of the Study
This research may benefit the following:
1.) Students
How much of the students are affected by depression and sleep deprivation. And what is
15
the possibility that sleep deprivation can help with depression. This study can also help
educate them about sleep deprivation; how it affects their physical, social, behavioral,
mental and well-being.
2.) Future researchers
This study may serve as the basis for future researchers to guide or help them improve
and develop their study.
E. Scope and Limitation
The research study entitled “Understanding the Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation on
Depression Among FEUHS Grade 11 STEM Students’” will be conducted at FEU High School;
Nicanor Reyes Street, Sampaloc Manila during the 2nd Semester of S.Y. 2017-2018. The study
will focus on providing a basic understanding about the positive effects of sleep deprivation on
depression. The information collected is grouped into generalized statements. The study will not
conduct any experiment being an exploratory research; data is only gathered through the
interview. Participants are not clinically diagnosed by professionals with depression thus they are
chosen by a questionnaire made by the researchers based on the Hamilton Rating Scale used to
provide an indication of depression.
16
F. Theoretical Framework
Cycles of Sleep
Sleep Avoidance
Recovery
Combination
Anti-depressant
with other
effect
therapies
More effective
and lasting
effects
Melancholia (Wake therapy)
Wake therapy as explained by the Chicago Chronotheraphy (2011) is a chronotherapy
with the use of proplonged periods of wakefulness, with intervening periods of recovery sleep, to
induce rapid improvement in depressive symptoms. It particularly involves acute sleep
deprivation or deprivation of the REM sleep cycle which is known to improve depression. The
respondents are subjected to undergo this therapy, having only 5 hours of sleep starting from
midnight.
According to Kragh, Larsen, Lindhardt, Martiny, Møller, Videbech, and Wihlborg (2016)
wake therapy consists of the following procedures: 1.) One to Three rounds which consists of
complete sleep avoidance, for the night and entire day after. 2.) Cycles are separated with nights
of recovery (full night’s sleep). 3.) Treatment lasts between two to five days depending on the
rounds done. 4.) Months of use of this therapy and other therapies can be effective to help
17
prevent relapse of depression example of this is combining this with bright light therapy. 5.) The
beneficial effects lasts longer after.
According to Wirz-Justice, Bernedetti, Berger, Lam, Martiny, Terman, & Wu (2005) a
committee on chronotherapeutics was recently formed by International Society for Affective
Disorders (ISAD) and they were asked to make a consensus review on chronotherapeutics (light
and wake theraphy) in affective disorders. They consider it as a non-pharmaceutical, biologically
based therapies to be powerful medicine in clinical application.
18
Chapter II
Research Methodology
Chapter 2 presents the approach and design that will be used in the study, the
methodology and the data collection procedure.
A. Research Design
The approach of the study is qualitative, particularly, an exploratory. Exploratory
research is defined as the “initial research into a hypothetical or theoretical idea”. The
researchers aim to seek and to understand more of a certain idea, sleep deprivation and its
positive effects to depression. The study also aims to be ground work that will lead to future
studies. The study purposes to achieve the understanding on how students perceive sleep
deprivation into a beneficial matter on certain causes like depression.
B. Methodology
The participants of the study were four (4) students from Grade 11 FEU High School
from the Science and Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand. Their age
ranged from 15 to 18 years old. For determining the target population for the study, the
researchers used purposive sampling, based on the proficient judgment of the researchers to
select persons who would be representative of the population of FEU High School Grade 11
STEM students who experienced both advantages and disadvantages of sleep deprivation.
Respondents was chosen based on their immersion in the topic at hand, accessibility, availability,
and their proficiency in expressing their experiences. The FEU High School Grade 11 STEM
students were the target population for the study. This research study entitled “Understanding the
19
Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Depression Among FEU SHS Students” was conducted
at FEU High School; Nicanor Reyes St., Sampaloc, Manila during the 2nd semester of S.Y.
2017-2018 starting on the month of January.
C. Data Collection Procedure
The researchers conducted a structured interview, where a single individual typically
lasting from 10-15 minutes depending on the subject matter and context were asked with queries
formulated based on the requirement of the topics to be discussed.
The questions contain background questions to consider one student qualified to be
interviewees for the study. The researchers used the Hamilton Rating Scale of depression as a
basis to make a structured questionnaire for the respondents to provide an indication of
depression. For the indication for sleep deprivation, respondents were asked of how long they
haven’t been sleeping and categorized them according to the appropriate classification. Opinions,
knowledge, feelings, and sensory questions were formulated to understand further on the
experiences of the students.
The informed consent was given to the respondents, ensuring their confidentiality and
giving the researchers permission to use them as respondents for the study. The researchers set
up a camera and recorders in the living rooms of the houses of the respondents.
20
Chapter III
Presentation of Data and Discussion
Chapter 3 presents the findings of the researchers from the data collection process that
was done. It shows the themes that emerged from the study, as well as the statements that point
out to the said theme.
A. Depression
Based on our respondents’ answers, depression can be characterized as a sudden feeling
of sadness, dejection, and despondency. Depression starts from factors that degrade a person
whether it’s social, personal, and practical achievements. Feeling defeated, trapped, alone, and
disconnected, these factors lead the person affected to lower their self-esteem in everything. All
of these connections lead to depression. Thinking and behavior is the most affected part of a
person suffering from depression. It’s the root of the impending symptoms that encapsulate
depression (Gilbert, 2017).
The respondents have different ways of coping with depression; listening to music,
playing online games, isolating themselves, indirect aggression, direct aggression, drinking and
using the internet or social media to temporarily forget their problems. Their depressed state
doesn’t disappear overnight and it doesn’t go away with just a click of a finger. It occurs
repeatedly as long as the problems that cause them to be depressed are still present.
B. Factors that lead to sleep deprivation
Sleep deprivation studies can be generally categorized into three types, long-term total
sleep deprivation or greater than 45 hours, short-term total sleep deprivation or less than or equal
21
to 45 hours, and partial sleep deprivation like a sleep restriction to less than 7 hours in 24 hours
(Dinges, Durmer, Goel, and Rao, 2009). One of our respondents is classified under long-term
total sleep deprivation meaning he is awake for more than 45 hours, while the rest of them are
partially sleep deprived. According to our respondents, a lot of factors can lead to sleep
deprivation, one of them is schoolwork. Our respondents, being in the K-12 program said that
school activities made their schedules hectic and the tons of workload hinder them from having
enough and pleasant sleep.
They consider performance tasks, written works and other requirements stressful, worse
if time management is not observed since it is the person’s discretion if they choose to sleep or
be sleep deprived by doing certain activities that either distracts or makes them satisfied with
their day. However, some don’t have that choice for some obligations should be done the night
that they should be sleeping. Twenty percent of the population of Generation Z is sleep deprived
and less productive in classes (Bradfort, 2013). The cause of this occurrence is the fact that
modern age on advent of fast pace technologies within their reach, students are expected to
multi-task on school activities to finish in a limited period of time-causing them to neglect or
avoid their time of sleep. Having insufficient amount of sleep will lead to some ill effects like
poor memory recall as an example. In addition, sleep deprivation has a great relevancy within the
cognitive aspect of each individual that affects understanding and reasoning. Therefore, this will
affect the academic performance (Ansell, 2013).
Another factor is the usage of the internet and social media which they also consider as a
distraction and a way of procrastination. They admit that as a millennial, who are technology-
based individuals, are the main users of the internet and the media. They said that most of the
happenings are occurring over a screen. After our respondents do certain activities, they usually
22
engage into activities that serve as a stress reliever. They usually play games on their mobile
phones. On the process they won’t notice the time pass-by, they just feel the feeling enjoyment
on what they’re doing. Lastly, they tend to sleep latter when they consider themselves depressed.
One respondent said that he purposively tends to sleep late to have time to reflect and realize his
worth in life.
C. Positive effects of sleep deprivation to depression
Most of our respondents consider staying late at night to ease their sadness. They often
play mobile games to distract themselves, to forget what causes their sadness and to lessen the
weight of their emotions. Everyone is different and it's often a combination of factors that can
contribute to developing depression meaning, different treatments are also catered for each
person with depression. Treatments can be the following: therapy, pharmacotherapy or lifestyle
changes. One of the interesting therapies used for the treatment of depression is Wake therapy, a
form of sleep deprivation. Sleep is generally thought to be a mood-stabilizing force. It is
certainly one of the first symptoms targeted by clinicians, usually with medications, to help
patients feel better. Furthermore, studies have shown that sleep deprivation has an effect on
neurotransmitter activity throughout the brain, just like some medications (Laber-Warren, 2015).
Respondent 1 said that the phase where she is currently sleep deprived or not undergoing
deep sleep is the time when sleep deprivation eases her sadness because she is engaging into
certain activities and getting the benefit of delight on what she’s doing, she then transiently
forgets what causes her sadness. After undergoing partial sleep deprivation (PSD) she wakes up
the next morning and remembers her problems, the time when she becomes depressed again.
While for respondent 2, the time when sleep deprivation eases her sadness is after being sleep
23
deprived. After PSD she then went to sleep, on the next day she already feels better because she
is satisfied with the things she did the night before to distract herself from being depressed.
Respondent 3 said, “Somehow, it eases my depression because when I’m sleep deprived all I can
feel is exhaustion”. She stated that she also forgets the rupture of sadness during the phase when
she is sleep deprived because her mind is already focused on the certain activities (schoolwork)
she’s doing that makes her weary. But though sleep deprived, respondent 3 feels a little
productive the next morning, she feels the rush of what she has to do and end up being
productive than feeling sleepy.
24
Chapter IV
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations
This chapter is composed of the summary of the research study. It covers the significant
findings, the analysis of the gathered data, derived conclusions, and proposed recommendations
in line with the purpose of the study.
Summary
This qualitative study, specifically exploratory, entitled “Understanding the Positive
Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Depression Among FEUHS Grade 11 STEM Students,” aims a
basic understanding on how sleep deprivation treats or lessen depression on FEUHS Grade 11
STEM students and how they cope.
Four (4) respondents of FEUHS Grade 11 STEM were chosen using purposive sampling;
the specific characteristics were sleep deprivation and depression. The respondents underwent a
structured interview with questions that are based off of the Hamilton Rating Scale of
Depression. Using thematic coding, the researchers analyzed the data obtained directly from the
respondents who have experienced sleep deprivation and depression along with its effects.
Conclusion
Based on the collected and gathered data, the understanding of the positive effects of
sleep deprivation on depression accepts our assumption that it does positively affect depression.
However, it depends entirely by the individual experiencing themselves.
To further explain, depression amongst FEUHS student is perceived as a feeling of
sadness, dejection, and despondency; these arise within certain causes of personal, family and
25
relationship problems that students themselves experience in a way or another. For every
individual, depression is rooted from different causes but always result to the feeling of sadness,
dejection, and despondency. Its impact also varies within the person and various ways are also
done to make depression a lighter weight on their backs.
Factors that lead FEUHS students to have insufficient amount of sleep is to finish
schoolwork and using the time for sleep to enjoy or distract themselves by using the internet and
social media. Sleep deprivation occurs depending on the person’s discretion, if they choose to
sleep or be sleep deprived by doing certain activities that either distract or makes them satisfy
their day. However, some don’t have that choice for some obligations should be done the night
that they should be sleeping. The factors both lessen the length of sleep but differ when it comes
to the discretion of the person and weight these activities give to the person.
The positive effects of sleep deprivation occur to the majority of the respondents while
depressed. Sleep deprivation serves as a platform for persons who are depressed to distract
themselves from the effects of depression. Activities done lessening their amount of sleep are
considered the ways of alleviating themselves from depression. With sleep deprivation
satisfaction is gained by the persons. During the time when the person is sleep deprived its
antidepressant effects really help the person in depression although in some conditions the
feeling of fatigue and laziness may arise. It is based on how the person’s mood and how he feels
when he lessens his time of sleep. However, for the duration of how long the easing of
depression will prevail, short-term or long-term effects may be observed. After sleep deprivation
is done, productivity and creativity increases but may also result to being depressed again.
26
In conclusion, sleep deprivation does positively affect depression. However, short-term
positive effects only occur. It totally depends on how the person will cope to depression with
sleep deprivation
Recommendations
The following recommendations were made that will help future researchers to continue
the study:
1.) To continue the study in a quantitative approach to find the significant relationship
between sleep deprivation and depression involving scientific and statistical concepts and
analysis.
2.) To seek for professional guidance and assistance in evaluating persons with depression
and sleep deprivation.
3.) To gather information from more than four (4) respondents.
27
Bibliography
Alewett, H. (2013). Nurses and Sleep Deprivation. Parkland College. Retrieved from
https://spark.parkland.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1089&context=ah
Ansell, J. (2013). Sleep Scotland: Promoting Healthy Sleep in Children and Young People.
Journal of Health Visiting. Retrieved from https://magonlinelibrary.com/
Barbini, B., Benedetti, F., Campori, E., Colombo, C., Fulgosi, M.C., and Pontiggia, A. (2001).
Sleep Phase Advance and Lithium to Sustain the Anti-Depressant Effect of Total Sleep
Deprivation in Bipolar Depression: New Findings Supporting the Internal Coincidence
Model. PubMed. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11684139
Barbini, B., Benedetti, F., Colombo, C., Dallaspezia, S., Fulgosi, M.C., and Smeraldi, E. (2007).
Phase Advance is an Actimetric Correlate of Antidepressant Response to Sleep
Deprivation and Light Therapy in Bipolar Depression. PubMed. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17994346
Basner, M., Boland, E., Detre, J., Dinges, D., Gehrman, P., Goel, N., Rao, H., Sheline, Y., Smith,
R., and Thase, M. (2017). Meta-Analysis of the Antidepressant Effects of Acute Sleep
Deprivation. J Clin Psychiatry. Retrieved from
http://www.psychiatrist.com/JCP/article/Pages/2017/v78n08/16r11332.aspx
Bradfort, E. (2013). Half of Teenagers Sleep Deprived, Says Expert. BBC Scotland Health
Correspondent. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland/
Chicago Psychiatry Associates (2011). Wake Therapy. Chicago Psychiatry Associates. Retrieved
from http://www.chicagochronotherapy.com/waketherapy.html
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Dinges, D., Durmer, J., Goel, N., Rao, H. (2009). Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep
Deprivation. PubMed. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3564638/
Dopierala, E. and Rybakowski, J. (2015). Sleep Deprivation as a method of chronotherapy in the
treatment of depression. PubMed. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26276912
Echizenya, M., Inomata, Y., Shimizu, T., Suda, H., and Takeshima, M., (2013). Total Sleep
Deprivation Followed by Sleep Phase Advance and Bright Light Therapy in Drug-
Resistant Mood Disorders. PubMed. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/
Giedke, H. and Schwarzler, F. (2002). Therapeutic Use of Sleep Deprivation in Depression.
PubMed. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
Gilbert, P. (2017). Depression: The Evolution of Powerlessness. Routledge Mental Health.
Retrieved from
https://books.google.com.ph/books?hl=en&lr=&id=WNHLDAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=P
P1&dq=origin+of+clinical+depression&ots=ZAuyIYSX-
F&sig=mSkFirqVblAd19ZODpQjppvrGUI&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=origin%20of%
20clinical%20depression&f=false
Jo, H. (2011). Depression and Daily Life. Anxiety and Depression Association of America.
Retrieved from https://adaa.org/learn-from-us/from-the-experts/blog-
posts/consumer/depression-and-daily-life#
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Kragh, M., Larsen, E.R., Lindhardt, T., Martiny, K., Møller, D.N., Videbech, P., and Wihlborg,
C.S. (2016). Experiences of wake and light therapy in patients with depression: A
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2016-international_journal_of_mental_health_nursing.pdf
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staying-awake/
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Retrieved from http://realclearscience.com/
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Chronotherapeutics in affective disorders. Psychological Medicine, 35(7), 939-944.
doi:10.1017/S003329170500437X
30
Appendices
a. Research Instruments
Informed Consent Form
February 27, 2018
To whom it may concern,
We are the students from Far Eastern University High School (FEUHS) Grade 11 –
STEM 7. We would like to ask for your permission if we could conduct a structured interview
with you regarding our research entitled, “Understanding the Positive Effects of Sleep
Deprivation on Depression among FEUHS Grade 11 STEM Students”. Your honest answers and
participation is sincerely appreciated.
We hope for your positive response. Thank you.
Respectfully yours,
BALBIN, JOSE III JONSON, JAIMEE VALERIE
BATILES, IAN JASPER MIRABUENO, ELJHON
CANLAS, DALE WILREIN PALMA, JEWEL
GARRIDO, CIRE MARRI VIBAL, CHRISTIAN IAN
Noted by:
IAN LUCKY SUMBILLA

Practical Research 1 Teacher
31
Interview Questions
The researchers will use a structured format for the interview to explore particular themes or
responses. The following are the interview questions:
 How often do you feel down?
 What are the usual causes of your sadness?
 Can you cite some of your experiences wherein you felt sad and unwanted?
 Whenever you feel sad what are the activities you engage in?
 Do you prefer staying at home rather than going out and doing new things? Why?
 How often do you stay late at night?
a) What are the causes why you sleep late at night?
b) Does stress in school keep you awake at night?
 What do you feel when you lack sleep?
a) Do you think staying late at night increases your creativity? Why?
b) Whenever you stay late at night, do you feel productive or active?
 Do you consider staying late at night to ease your sadness? If yes, can you cite some
experiences?
 After you stay late at night and do certain activities do you still feel sad and down?
 How does sleeping late at night help you overcome sadness or when you’re feeling
down?
32
b. Interview Transcript
Respondent 1
Interviewer: How do you often feel sad?
Respondent 1: Um… Kapag may naiisip akong nakakalungkot. Ayon, nagsisimula na
akong maging malungkot. Katulad nung, basta kung anu-anong maisip ko. Basta, napaka
ano akong magisip eh, malalim.
Interviewer: What causes your sadness?
Respondent 1: Ayun, yung mga naiisip ko. Katulad nang, paano kaya kung isang araw
bigla akong maaksidente, ano kaya mararamdaman ng magulang ko?
Interviewer: Can you cite some experiences where in you felt sad and unwanted?
Respondent 1: Yung, ano ba? yung bata palang ako, namatay yung lolo, kasi yung mga
grandparents ko yung mga nag papalaki sakin, tapos si mommy nagtratrabaho, ayun
nalulungkot ako.
Interviewer: Whenever you feel sad, what are the activities you engage in? (Anu-ano
yung mga ginagawa mo tuwing malungkot ka?)
Respondent 1: Ano lang, nakikinig ng music, tapos naglalaro ng games online, yon lang.
Interviewer: Do you prefer staying at home rather than going out and doing new things?
Respondent 1: Depende. Ano, kapag ginaganahan akong lumabas, lalabas, kung
tinatamad lumabas at walang kasama, edi sa bahay lang ako.
Interviewer: So pag may kasama, okay lang sayo lumabas?
Respondent 1: Oo.
Interviewer: How often do you stay late night?
33
Respondent 1: Um… Di na often eh, everyday, constant.
Interviewer: Ano yung mga cause?
Respondent 1: Ano, social media, tapos naglalaro ng mga mobile games, ganyan.
Interviewer: Does stress in school keep you awake at night?
Respondent 1: Oo, minsan. Sumasakit ulo ko tapos parang nagmimigraine sa sobrang
daming pinapagawa.
Interviewer: Ano mga nararamdaman mo tuwing kulang ka sa tulog?
Respondent 1: Nahihilo, tapos sa school nakakatulog ng di ko nalang namamalayan.
Interviewer: Do you think staying late at night increases your creativity?
Respondent 1: No.
Interviewer: Whenever you stay late at night, do you feel productive or active?
Respondent 1: Minsan, kung mahalaga ba yung gagawin, ayon.
Interviewer: Kunwari may mahalang project na gagawin, pag ba nag stay ka ng late, feel
mo bang mas madali mo siyang magagawa?
Respondent 1: Hindi, yung cause kasi nung… nang ah... pag pupuyat ko. Diba nag
pupuyat tapos in the morning, maaga ka pa magigising. Tapos ilang hours nalang tulog
ko.
Interviewer: Diba pag ganon, sa morning ano feel mo?
Respondent 1: Bangag, kasi wala talaga akong sense of humor pag ganon.
Interviewer: Do you consider staying late at night to ease your sadness? If yes, can you
cite some experiences?
Respondent 1: Um... Depende, pag may ginagawa ba akong kinakasaya ko. Kunwari pag
34
naglalaro talaga ako ng mobile games.
Respondent 1: Kagabi lang. Yung stressed ako sa practical research namin, yon after ko
gumawa ng chapter 3 ng consent form, after non, naglaro muna ako ng mobile games
para mabawasan ang stress.
Interviewer: After you stay late at night and do certain activities do you still feel sad and
down?
Respondent 1: Hindi na kasi parang na satisfy na ako sa ginawa ko.
Interviewer: How does sleeping late at night help you overcome sadness or when you're
feeling down?
Respondent 1: Um... Pag siguro, pag busy yon. Pag may ginagawa, di ko na naiisip na
malungkot pala ako.
Interviewer: Thank you!
Respondent 2
Interviewer: How often do you feel sad?
Respondent 2: Everytime I feel alone, neglected, rejected and umm... Everytime na I miss
someone and umm… And everytime na naaalala ko yung mga moments na umiyak ako
and sad ako.
Respondent 2: Yung cause sa sadness ko is yung pag may napapafeel sakin na I’m not a
worthy person, kapag feel ko di nila ako vinavalue, saka pag namimiss ko yung isang tao.
Interviewer: Can you cite some experiences where in you felt sad and unwanted?
35
Respondent 2: Um... Ano, before, naging depressed ako, yung cause non. Like grade 10
ako last year, sa room namin, parang I feel like I’m a ghost, neither smile or greetings
wala from them wala kang narereceive na ganon.
yung mga ginagawa mo tuwing sad ka?)
Respondent 2: Palagi akong nasa loob ng kwarto and nagkukulong, and pag gusto ko
ilabas yung galit ko, ipupunch ko nalang yung walls.
Respondent 2: Everytime sad ako, yon talaga gusto ko, everytime nagiging sad ako
parang yung temper ko sa tao, nagiging mataas, parang sakanila ko nabubuhos galit ko.
Respondent 2: Halos kasi pinakamaagang tulog ko 11 or 12.
Respondent 2: FB, Social Media.
Interviewer: Projects in school or things keep you awake from night?
Respondent 2: Oo parang ganon, kasi nag woworry ka kung may nakalimutan ka bang
pwedeng ipasa the next day.
Respondent 2: Um... ano… inaantok ako sa school I feel lazy, nanghihina ganon.
Respondent 2: Somehow, kasi pag ganon. Bangag ka, yung mga activities or worksheets
or what, nalaman mo na late ka na ng pasa parang ma cracram ka by that parang
36
lumalabas na yung creativity mo.
Respondent 2: Hindi, the next day ako nagiging productive.
Interviewer: Diba pag ganon, sa morning ano feel mo?
Respondent 2: Nararamdaman ko? Um... Pagod. Ayon sobrang pagod.
Respondent 2: Um. Yes, kasi pag sad ako, umiiyak ako. Kasi for me mas better na
nilalabas mo yung sadness mo kesa itago mo siya.
Interviewer: Pag puyat ka, nababawasan sadness mo?
Respondent 2: Nababawasan somehow siya pag puyat ka, parang sobrang pagod ka tapos
di mo namamalayan na makakatulog ka nalang.
down?
Respondent 2: Ano, kasi parang mas nafofocus ko yung activities na yon and
nakakalimutan ko yung problema ko.
feeling down?
Respondent 2: Ah, somehow nababawasan ito, nababawasan yung sadness na
nararamdaman ko kasi doon na ako nakafocus. Puyat ako so pagod ako and I need to rest,
kaya nakakalimutan ko yung dahilan na yoon yung dahilan yung sadness ko.
37
Respondent 3
Respondent 3: It depends, most of the time I feel sad, because I'm really depressed right
now.
Respondent 3: Problems. Relationships.
Interviewer: Can you cite some of experiences where in you felt sad and unwanted?
Respondent 3: There was one time, I feel sad, that my parents didn’t want to support me
in what I want, so yon, I feel unwanted, so I just locked in my room.
Respondent 3: I stare at the ceiling, lock myself in my room, I stay at the house, watch
videos, yung mga games, ganon.
Interviewer 3: Do you prefer staying at home rather than going out and doing new things?
Respondent 3: It depends, kasi minsan I go out and dridrink pag sad ako, most of the
time naman I stay at home.
Respondent 3: Minsan lang. Basta there is a time na di na ako natutulog.
Respondent 3: If I’m really depressed, I just try to forget the stuff na nag papasad sakin
and eventually it will gonna work.
Interviewer: Does stress at school keep you awake from night?
38
Respondent 3: Not really, cause minsan lang naman ako gumawa, so most of the time nag
cracram ako.
Interviewer: ano mga nararamdaman mo tuwing kulang ka sa tulog?
Respondent 3: Sleepy. Sleepy siyempre.
Interviewer 3: Do you think staying late at night increases your creativity?
Respondent: No.
Interviewer 3: Whenever you stay late at night, do you feel productive or active?
Respondent 3: Nah, antok ka non e, bakit ka magiging active?
Interviewer 3: Do you consider staying late at night to ease your sadness? If yes, can you
Respondent: May times kasi na gugustuhin mo nalang matulog nang matulog, instead
staying up late.
Interviewer: Cite some experiences.
Respondent 3: Like, ayun yung nag away kami ng girlfriend ko because of something
tapos, what I did was slept all day, she got mad at me parin. So ayun nag sleep lang.
down?
Respondent 3: Sometimes, pag di talaga gumagana or umuulit yung problem, or pag
isusumbat sakin yung problema, syempre I feel down.
Interviewer 3: What if kunware, puyat ka tapos may mga bagay kang ginagawa, feel mo
bang nabawasan sadness mo?
Respondent 3: No, there is time kasi na I don’t care, kasi minsan parang sobrang
39
depressed na ako tapos isusumbat pa nila problema ko, tapos me, parang sige sumbat mo.
Interviewer : How does sleeping late at night help you overcome sadness or when you're
feeling down?
Respondent 3: It gives me time to think for myself kung ano worth mo.
Respondent 4
Respondent 4: Pag magisa.
Respondent: Bigla nalang ako nalulungkot.
Interviewer 4: Can you cite some of experiences where in you felt sad and unwanted?
Respondent: Yung ano… yung wala akong matakbuhan kahit parents.
Interviewer 4: Whenever you feel sad, what are the activities you engage in? (Anu-ano
Respondent 4: Sleeping.
Respondent 4: Yes.
Respondent 4: Minsan umaabot na ng 6am.
40
Respondent 4: ROS, ano wala.
Interviewer: Does stress at school keep you awake from night?
Respondent 4: Hindi.
Respondent 4: Wala
Respondent 4: No.
Respondent 4: Active.
Respondent 4: Yes.
Interviewer: Cite some experiences.
Respondent 4: Ano wala, kasi pag natutulog ako at paggising ko nakakalimutan ko
problema ko, pag nagpupuyat nakakawala ng problema.
Interviewer 4: After you stay late at night and do certain activities do you still feel sad
and down?
Respondent 4: Oo.
feeling down?
Respondent 4: Ano nadidistract ako, para makalimutan yung problema, at nagiging
41
masaya.
42
c. Researcher’s Curriculum Vitae
 Personal Background
Name: Jose F. Balbin III
Contact Details
Mobile Number: 09951611357
Email: joebalbin8@gmail.com
Sex: Male
Age: 17 years old
Address: 634-A Ma. Cristina St., Sampaloc, Manila
Birthday: August 28, 2000
Father`s Name: Jose F. Balbin Jr.
Mother`s Name: Edna F. Balbin
Religion: Jehovah’s Witnesses
 Educational Background
Elementary: Aurora Central School
Sta. Rosa, Aurora, Isabela
Year Graduated: 2013
Secondary: Doña Aurora National High Scool
Sta. Rita, Aurora, Isabela
Year Graduated: 2013-2017
43
Name: Ian Jasper V. Batiles
Contact Details
Email: iambatiles@gmail.com
Sex: Male
Age: 17 years old
Address: 88- D Herbosa St. Tondo,Manila
Birthday: December 28, 2000
Father`s Name: Leandro V. Batiles
Mother`s Name: Remedios V. Batiles
Religion: Roman Catholic
Elementary: Amado V. Hernandez
Sto. Nino Tondo, Manila
Secondary: Manila Cathedral School
Tayuman Tondo, Manila
44
Name: Dale Wilrein David Canlas
Contact Details
Email: wyrd.davidcurt166@gmail.com
Sex: Male
Age: 16 years old
Address: #9 San Ildefonso St. Torres vill. Novaliches, QC
Birthday: May 20, 2001
Father`s Name: Wilson A. Villarin
Mother`s Name: Ma. Reinalyn D. Canlas
Elementary: Silver Link School Inc.,
Caloocan, Metro Manila
Secondary: Sto. Nino de Novaliches School
Novaliches, Quezon City
45
Name: Cire Marri S. Garrido
Contact Details
Email: vlogit31@gmail.com
Sex: Female
Age: 17 years old
Address: 570 M. Gonzaga st. Hagdan Bato Itaas,
Mandaluyong City
Birthday: September 25, 2000
Father`s Name: Eric Christopher E. Garrido
Mother`s Name: Maridel S. Garrido
Elementary: San Felipe Neri Parochial School
Mandaluyong City
Secondary: San Felipe Neri Parochial School
Mandaluyong City
46
Name: Jaimee Valerie D. Jonson
Contact Details
Email: jonsonjaimeevalerie@gmail.com
Sex: Female
Age: 17 years old
Address: Sucat, Paranaque
Birthday: February 09, 2001
Father`s Name: Mark Anthony Oliva
Mother`s Name: Faith Jonson
Religion: Born Again Christian
Elementary: Lian Central School
Lian, Batangas
Secondary: Lian Institute
Lian, Batangas
47
Name: Eljhon O. Mirabueno
Contact Details
Email: EljhonMirabueno@gmail.com
Sex: Male
Age: 17 years old
Address: 755-4C Moret St. Sampaloc, Manila
Birthday: June 23, 2000
Father`s Name: Tirso C. Mirabueno
Mother`s Name: Lydia O. Mirabueno
Elementary: St. Joseph College Olongapo City Elem Dept.
Olongapo City, Zambales
Secondary: St. Joseph College Olongapo City High School Dept.
Olongapo City, Zambales
48
Name: Jewel D. Palma
Contact Details: 09182656937
Email: palmajewel553@yahoo.com
Sex: Female
Age: 17 years old
Address: 1431 Algeciras Maria Clara Sampaloc Manila
Birthday: January 16, 2001
Father`s Name: Joel Coronado
Mother`s Name: Mary Jorie Palma
Elementary: Yangco Elementary Schoool
Laong Laan Elementary School
Secondary: The Nazarene Catholic School
49
Name: Christian Ian C. Vibal
Contact Details
Email: vibalchristian@gmail.com
Sex: Male
Age: 17 years old
Address: 122 San Gabriel St. Payatas A., Q.C
Birthday: September 11, 2000
Father`s Name: Edzel U. Vibal
Mother`s Name: Catherine C. Vibal
Elementary: St. Anthony Learning Institute of Q.C. Inc.
Payatas A., Quezon City
Secondary: St. Anthony Learning Institute of Q.C. Inc.
Payatas A., Quezon City
50

Understanding The Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation On Depression Among FEU High School Grade 11 Stem Students

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Understanding The Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation On Depression Among FEU High School Grade 11 Stem Students

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Understanding the Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Depression Among FEU High

School Grade 11 Stem Students

Balbin, Jose III

 THEME 2: Factors that Lead to Sleep Deprivation 21

This research entitled

THE UNDERSTANDING THE POSITIVE EFFECTS OF SLEEP DEPRIVATION

Approved by the tribunal at the Oral Examination with a grade of ___________

Mr. Ian Lucky Sumbilla

Jose Balbin III Jaimee Valerie Jonson

Ian Jasper Batiles Eljhon Mirabeuno

Dale Wilrein Canlas Jewel Palma

Cire Marri Garrido Christian Ian Vibal

the researchers on their journey in this research project.

the whole time.

The project entitled “Understanding the Positive Effects of Sleep Deprivation on

specifically, an exploratory approach was applied.

entirely by the individual experiencing themselves.

A. Background of the study

multi-task on school activities to finish in a limited period of time-causing them to neglect or

affect the academic performance (Ansell, 2013).

rather than its generally known ill effects.

B. Review of Related Literature

factors, rather than one immediate issue or event.

Generation Z was introduced to a world of technology. Unlike the Generation Y who

than being passionate (Scott, 2016).

and may show similar results in humans (Levine, 2013).

deprivation. Sleep is generally thought to be a mood-stabilizing force. It is certainly one of the

throughout the brain, just like some medications (Laber-Warren, 2015).

deprivation is generally thought to have negative effects in work, cognitive, memory

and Pontiggia, 2001).

Benedetti, Colombo, Dallaspezia, Fulgosi, and Smeraldi, 2007).

(Dopierala & Rybakowski, 2015).

reduced concentration and such. So it is needed to be to be treated well. Sleep deprivation

C. Statement of the Problem

1.) How do FEUHS students perceive depression?

D. Significance of the Study

This research may benefit the following:

mental and well-being.

2.) Future researchers

and develop their study.

E. Scope and Limitation

provide an indication of depression.

Melancholia (Wake therapy)

Wake therapy as explained by the Chicago Chronotheraphy (2011) is a chronotherapy

induce rapid improvement in depressive symptoms. It particularly involves acute sleep

beneficial effects lasts longer after.

According to Wirz-Justice, Bernedetti, Berger, Lam, Martiny, Terman, & Wu (2005) a

committee on chronotherapeutics was recently formed by International Society for Affective

and wake theraphy) in affective disorders. They consider it as a non-pharmaceutical, biologically

based therapies to be powerful medicine in clinical application.

methodology and the data collection procedure.

The approach of the study is qualitative, particularly, an exploratory. Exploratory

deprivation into a beneficial matter on certain causes like depression.

2017-2018 starting on the month of January.

C. Data Collection Procedure

The researchers conducted a structured interview, where a single individual typically

formulated based on the requirement of the topics to be discussed.

The questions contain background questions to consider one student qualified to be

basis to make a structured questionnaire for the respondents to provide an indication of

experiences of the students.

Presentation of Data and Discussion

out to the said theme.

Based on our respondents’ answers, depression can be characterized as a sudden feeling