Megan Yates

Professor Dunham

ENG 1201

26 June 2019

Annotated Bibliography

My research paper will answer whether or not the individuals who have Raynaud’s

Syndrome are linked somehow. Is this syndrome from genetics? Is it caused by one’s own

habits? Or is it just one of those things that has no rhyme or reason as to why some people get it

and others do not?

AkronChildrens. “Raynaud's Syndrome - Akron Children's Hospital Video.” YouTube, 19 Jan.

2018, www.youtube.com/watch?v=byVqqRHq0mk. Accessed 26 June 2019.

This YouTube video does an in-depth explanation of all things Raynaud’s. It covers what

exactly Raynaud’s syndrome is, it provides details on how it affects the individuals who have it

and also includes potential triggers, such as the cold, stimulants, medication, stress, etc. of

Raynaud’s syndrome.

This video is targeted towards individuals who are affected by this syndrome or know

someone who is. The information is all educating and factual but is stated in such a way that

anyone would be able to understand it.

This is a YouTube video posted from Akron Children’s Hospital in January 2018.The

individual speaking in the video is Steven Spalding who is the director of the division of
rheumatology at the Akron Children’s Hospital. The video had no ads running through-out and is

marked in the nonprofits and activism category.

In my paper I will use this video to explain what Raynaud’s is and how it affects the

individuals who have it. I will also use it to state the triggers mentioned to help figure out my

overall question.

Betton, Carly and Katy Rowland. “Raynaud’s Phenomenon.” Journal of Visual Communication

in Medicine, vol. 31, no. 4, Dec. 2008, pp. 148-149.EBSCOhost, doi10. https://web-b-

ebscohost-com.sinclair.ohionet.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=3&sid=fd142892-

5175-4e56-84ce-446aaef522e9%40pdc-v-sessmgr02. Accessed 27 June 2019.

This article explains the difference between individuals with Raynaud’s syndrome

and ones without it and how their body reacts to things such as the cold. It goes on to explain that

those with Raynaud’s syndrome feel as if ‘pins and needles’ are poking them when they are

affected. This article also reinforces the idea that caffeine and smoking could be causes of

Raynaud’s but also mentions that anxiety can be a trigger for it too.

This article is written to help give a better meaning of what Raynaud’s is to individuals

who do not have it. It explains how people who are affected blood vessels react differently and

explains causes and reasons it may happen instead of just stating them.

This article is an excerpt from an academic journal of medicine. The author has strong

credentials and the article was written in 2008, so not too long ago.

I would incorporate this article into my paper by using the information presented to help

explain what is ‘wrong’ with individuals who are affected by Raynaud’s and how they are

different from someone who isn’t. I will also most likely use the causes mentioned to help
further prove my claim that the individuals who have Raynaud’s syndrome are all linked in some

way.

Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “Raynaud's Phenomenon Video – Brigham and Women's

Hospital.” YouTube, 15 Sept. 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aml-vSYWHrg.

Accessed 23 June 2019.

This video explains the differences between primary and secondary Raynaud’s syndrome.

It discusses how in primary Raynaud’s syndrome women and adolescents are more likely to have

it and secondary Raynaud’s syndrome comes from some sort of incident that may have injured

the blood vessels. The diagnosis and treatment of Raynaud’s syndrome is also discussed.

This video is meant to inform adolescents and adults what Raynaud’s is and the

difference between primary and secondary. It keeps things simple for understanding while still

providing a significant amount of information.

This is a YouTube video posted from the Brigham and Women’s Hospital in 2015. The

lady who is presenting the information is named Marie Gerhard-Herman and she works in the

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine at the hospital.

I will use this video as a resource in my paper to discuss the differences in the types of

Raynaud’s syndrome and the different links between individuals who suffer from each type.

Herrick, A. L. “Pathogenesis of Raynaud's Phenomenon.” OUP Academic, vol. 44, no. 5, 2015,

pp. 587-596. Oxford University.

https://academic.oup.com/rheumatology/article/44/5/587/2899267?searchresult=1.

Accessed 27 June 2019.

 This article is an excerpt from a book discussing rheumatology. This section of

the book talks about the phenomenon of Raynaud’s syndrome and all the things that could be

causing it. It discusses how individuals who suffer from Raynaud’s syndrome could have either

vascular, neural, or intravascular abnormalities that led to them having Raynaud’s. It also

discussed how genetics could indeed be a factor and states reasons as to why women are more

likely to have it than men and also that smokers are more likely to have it than non-smokers.

This article or excerpt is targeted towards individuals of higher education who either are

studying or have studied rheumatology in-depth. It is written very professionally and uses a lot of

scientific evidence to support all the information presented.

This article is from a published book titled Rheumatology. It was published in 2005 and

is loaded with tons of solid information that has been backed up with further research. This book

was also written by a man named A. L. Herrick who works in the rheumatic diseases center at

the University of Manchester.

In my paper I will use this article to give dig into the science side of what Raynaud’s

syndrome really consists of and how the individuals who have it are affected and possibly

connected internally. I will also use it do further discuss the link between females, smokers and

genetics and who ends up with Raynaud’s syndrome.

Newman, Tim. “What You Need to Know about Raynaud's Disease.” Medical News Today,

MediLexicon International, 19 Dec. 2017,

www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176713.php. Accessed 23 June 2019.

This article lays out the potential causes of both types of Raynaud’s Syndrome while

differentiating between the two. It discusses diagnosis, treatment, and even how complications

can occur although they are rare.

 This article is written for the general public as it is set up like a normal website and is

very easy to follow and to understand. The way it is written allows the information to flow very

easily through-out.

This article was written in 2017 by neuroscientist Tim Newman who graduated from the

University of Manchester. This article has also been reviewed for factual information.

I will use this article to reinforce the fact that there may be a link between the individuals

who have Raynaud’s syndrome, both primary and secondary.

Stringer, Thomas, and Alisa N. Femia. " Raynaud’s phenomenon: Current concepts." Clinics in

Dermatology, vol. 36, no. 4, 2018, pp. 498-507. OhioLINK Electronic Journal Center,

doi:10. https://journals-ohiolink-

edu.sinclair.ohionet.org/pg_200?::NO:200:P200_ARTICLEID:353999563. Accessed 27

June 2019.

This article provides tons of background information and history on Raynaud’s

syndrome. It states things such as how it was discovered in 1862 and how it only affects about

3%-5% of the general population. It also going into the depths of the science side of Raynaud’s

and different treatments that have been discovered for it.

This is a very academic article and is written very professionally. All of the information

comes off as very factual and deeply researched.

This article is an excerpt from an academic journal titled Clinics in Dermatology and was

written very recently by an author with strong credentials.

I will use this article in my research paper to discuss the history and different facts about

Raynaud’s syndrome and possibly also use some of the scientific information from it.
Walecka, Irena, et al. “Raynaud’s Phenomenon—the Clinical Picture, Treatment, and

Diagnostics.” Acta Angiologica, vol. 23, no. 1, Mar. 2017, pp. 27-33. EBSCOhost, doi:10.

https://web-b-ebscohost-

com.sinclair.ohionet.org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=9&sid=fd142892-5175-4e56-

84ce-446aaef522e9%40pdc-v-sessmgr02. Accessed 27 June 2019.

This article talks about how the main cause of Raynaud’s is the cold but doesn’t mention

any others. It also explains in depth of what Raynaud’s syndrome is, scientifically. It explains

that Raynaud’s syndrome has to do with vascular issues and discusses treatments and how severe

Raynaud’s syndrome can actually be.

This article is very professionally written and comes from an academic journal. It is

intended for individuals who understand rheumatology very will and the way it is written makes

the information seem highly factual and understood by the writer.

This article was written in 2017 by authors with strong credentials who all work in the

dermatology department at a university. It is also an excerpt from a published academic journal.

I will incorporate this article into my paper to help explain the science side of Raynaud’s

and why the cold so heavily affects the individuals who have Raynaud’s syndrome.