Dela Cruz, Mark Adrian R.

ECE 114
Assignment #1 Midterm

1. It can be seen from the graph that the capacitor is being exponentially charged and the voltage at the
capacitor is the same as the supply voltage which is 12V.

Schematic diagram

Current at the capacitor

Voltage at the Capacitor

2.

3. Base on the graph, the current at the collector continues to rise as the base current rises. When the
current at the base terminal is increased, the depletion region decreases. The base current adds up
to the collector current to sum up the emitter current therefore an increase in collector current.

Schematic Diagram
 Current at the collector terminal of the Q2N222

4. The NPN transistor is the counterpart of the PNP transistor. When compared to a NPN it can be seen
that the current of a PNP transistor shifted 180 degrees.

Schematic diagram for 2N2907

Current at the collector terminal of 2N2907

When I applied the positive gate voltage the holes present under the oxide layer pushed downward
into the substrate with a repulsive force. The depletion region is populated by the bound negative
charges which are associated with the acceptor atoms. The electrons reach channel is formed. The
positive voltage also attracts electrons from the n+ source and drain regions into the channel.

N-channel MOSFET circuit diagram

Current for the N-Channel MOSFET

When I applied the negative gate voltage, the electrons present under the oxide layer with are pushed
downward into the substrate with a repulsive force. The depletion region populated by the bound
positive charges which are associated with the donor atoms. The negative gate voltage also attracts
holes from p+ source and drain region into the channel region.

P-channel MOSFET circuit diagram

 Current at the P-channel MOSFET

5. Instead of a constant value, an AC voltage produces a sine wave which varies with respect to time.

Schematic Diagram

RMS current value RMS voltage value

Minimum and Maximum voltage Minimum and Maximum current

 Frequency of AC circuit
6.

Graph in terms of power

Average Power Minimum and Maximum Power

𝑉𝑚 𝐼𝑚
𝑃= cos ∅
2

𝑉𝑚 = 𝑉𝑅𝑀𝑆 √2
 𝑉𝑚 = 151.88√2
𝑉𝑚 = 214.79𝑉
𝐼𝑚 = 𝐼𝑅𝑀𝑆 √2
𝐼𝑚 = 1.5216√2
𝐼𝑚 = 2.152𝐴
∅ = 0𝑜
(214.79𝑉)(2.152𝐴)
𝑃= cos 0𝑜
2
𝑃 = 231.114𝑊
|𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒|
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝑥100
𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

|231.114 − 229.69|
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝑥100
231.114
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 0.62%

7. Inductive Load

RMS voltage value RMS current value

Minimum and Maximum voltage value Minimum and Maximum current value
 Power waveform of inductive load

Average Power of Inductive load Minimum and Maximum Power

Capacitive Load

RMS voltage value RMS voltage value

Minimum and Maximum voltage value Minimum and Maximum current value
 Power waveform of Capacitive load

Average Power of Capacitive Load Minimum and Maximum capacitive load power

𝑉𝑚 𝐼𝑚
𝑃= cos ∅
2

𝑉𝑚 = 𝑉𝑅𝑀𝑆 √2
𝑉𝑚 = 152.51√2
𝑉𝑚 = 215.68𝑉
𝐼𝑚 = 𝐼𝑅𝑀𝑆 √2
𝐼𝑚 = 1.5109√2
𝐼𝑚 = 2.137𝐴
∅ = 0𝑜
(215.68𝑉)(2.137𝐴)
𝑃= cos 0𝑜
2
𝑃 = 230.454𝑊
|𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒|
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝑥100
𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

|230.454 − 228.887|
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝑥100
230.454
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 0.68%
RLC Load

RLC Load schematic diagram

RMS voltage value RMS current value

Minimum and Maximum voltage value Minimum and Maximum current value

Power waveform of RLC Load

Average Power Minimum and Maximum Power
𝑉𝑚 𝐼𝑚
𝑃= cos ∅
2

𝑉𝑚 = 𝑉𝑅𝑀𝑆 √2
𝑉𝑚 = 152.46√2
𝑉𝑚 = 215.61𝑉
𝐼𝑚 = 𝐼𝑅𝑀𝑆 √2
𝐼𝑚 = 2.7268√2
𝐼𝑚 = 3.856𝐴
∅ = 0𝑜
(215.61𝑉)(3.856𝐴)
𝑃= cos 0𝑜
2
𝑃 = 415.696𝑊
|𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 − 𝑀𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒|
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝑥100
𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒

|415.696 − 433.701|
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 𝑥100
415.696
%𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑜𝑟 = 4.33%