Predisposing Factors:

oooooooPATHOPHYSIOLOGY Age: between 10-20 and over 40

Sex: Men
Inherited Cause:
Precipitating Factors
• Fanconi anemia
• Schachman-Diamond Syndrome
• Dyskeratosis Congenita
Acquired Causes: • Diamon-Blackfan Anemia

Direct Injury Indirect Injury

Radiation and Exposure to Use of Certain Drugs Autoimmune Viral Infection Pregnancy
Chemotherapy toxic chemicals (e.g., chloramphenicol) Disorder (the casual
(e.g., benzene) relationship
Activation of Cytotoxic T cells Provokes an aberrant between
Damage to the pregnancy
immune response
microenvironment and aplastic
Benzene derivative T cell dysregulation
of the marrow anemia is still
serve as toxins to the
bone marrow unclear)
Produce proinflammatory cytokines
(myelotoxins)
Damages stem
cells Cytokines induce apoptosis targets own marrow stem cells

Suppressed bone
marrow function Damaged pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (cells that are capable of
Altered bone developing into any type of cell except placenta or embryo)
marrow function

Decrease in differentiation to intermediate precursor cells (AKA progenitor cells

or colony-forming cells)
Reduced
hematopoiesis
Decreased differentiation into colonies of each type of blood cells

Marrow replaced by fats

Hypoplastic bone marrow

bomarrow
Depression of activity of all blood producing elements
 Pancytopenia

Decreased WBC Decreased RBC Decreased Platelet

Lowered Immune defenses Decreased oxygen supply to Decreased clotting ability

cells and tissues

Localized infection Bleeding tendencies

Ineffective tissue perfusion Heart compensates

Extravasation of blood from
Systemic infection
surrounding vessels

Easy Pallor skin and Heart increases cardiac

Septic shock
fatigability conjunctiva output by pumping out
Heavy Bruise petechiae
more blood
menstrual
bleeding
Palpitations
(compensatory
tachycardia)