Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /

Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Nursing Responsibility

Dosage Reaction

1. Acetaminophen Non – Narcotic Fever reduction. *Hypersensitivity to GI: hepatic 1. Do not use this medication
Analgesic Temporary relief of acetaminophen or failure without medical direction for:
Paracetamol mild to moderate phenacetin hepatotoxicity fever persisting longer than 3
Produces analgesia pain. GU: renal days, fever over 39.5C (103F)
Tylenol by unknown failure(high or recurrence fever
Tempra mechanism, perhaps Adult: PO 500mg doses/chronic 2. Do not self medicate adults
Pedric by action on q4 hour use) for pain more than 10 days
peripheral nervous Derm:rash,urtica without consulting a physician
system. Reduces ria 3. Do not take other
fever by direct medication (e.g., cold
action on preparations) containing
hypothalamus heat – acetaminophen without medical
regulating center advice, overdosing and chronic
with consequent use can cause liver damage and
peripheral other toxic effects.
vasodilation,
sweating and
dissipation of heat.

Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /

Mechanism of Action Indication and Dosage Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibility

2. Cefalexin • Anti-bacterial
Also known Agents
as • Cephalosporins
Cephalexin
Cephalexin, like the
penicillins, is a beta-
lactam antibiotic. By
binding to specific
penicillin-binding proteins
(PBPs) located inside the
bacterial cell wall, it
inhibits the third and last
stage of bacterial cell wall
synthesis. Cell lysis is
then mediated by
bacterial cell wall
For the treatment of *Hypersensitivity to Pain at inj site; 1. The drug should be taken with
respiratory tract cephalosporins. hypersensitivity; or without food. (May be taken
infections caused by GI disturbances; with meals to reduce GI
Streptococcus eosinophilia, discomfort)
pneumoniae and neutropenia, 2. Before administration, ask
Streptococcus leucopenia, patient if he is allergic to
pyogenes thrombocytopenia penicillins or cephalosporins.
. 3. Tell patient to take entire
Potentially amount of drug exactly as
Fatal: prescribed, even after he feels
Anaphylactic better.
reactions; 4. Advise patient to notify
nephrotoxicity. prescriber if rash develops or
signs and symptoms of
superinfection appear.
5. Inform patient not to crush, cut,
 autolytic enzymes such as or chew extended-release
autolysins; it is possible tablets.
that cephalexin interferes
with an autolysin
inhibitor.

Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /

Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Nursing Responsibility
Dosage Reaction

1. Carbocisteine Expectorants Adjunctive therapy Contraindicated in Nausea, 1. Tel

in respiratory tract Active peptic ulcer. diarrhoea, l patient to take with 8 oz of
Mucospect Carbocisteine disorders headache, water and to drink plenty of
Solmux reduces the viscosity characterised by dizziness, fluids.
Guaifenesin of non-infected excessive viscous palpitations and 2. In
secretions from mucous in the heartburn may struct patient to contact
mucous cells in the absence of infection. occur. Caution prescriber if cough lasts more
Name of Drug Classification and
respiratory tract. Side Effects
must be / than 1 week.
Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adversein
exercised 3. Nursing Responsibility As
Dosage Reaction
patients with a appropriate, review all other
history of significant adverse reactions and
2. Ranitidine Maintenance therapy Contraindicated in CNS: vertigo,
gastric or 1.interactions,
Assess patient for abdominal
especially those
Hydrochlori H 2 receptor for duodenal or patients malaise,
duodenal ulcer. pain. to
related Note
thepresence of blood
tests mentioned
de antagonist. gastric ulcer hypersensitive to headache.
Gastro-intestinal in emesis, stool, or gastric
above.
drug and those with EENT: blurred
bleeding and 4. aspirate. If
Apo-Ranitidine†, Competitively inhibits acute porphyria. vision.
skin rash may 2.theRemind
medicationpatient
tasteto bad
taketake
once-
Zantac*, Zantac-C†, action of histamine Use cautiously in Hepatic:
occur. daily
with prescription drug at
juice.
Zantac 75OTC on the H2 at receptor patients with hepatic jaundice. 5. bedtime for best results. Do
sites of parietal cells, dysfunction. Adjust Other: burning 3.notInstruct
use more patient
than to take
the
decreasing gastric dosage in patients and itching at without regard
recommened to meals
dosage to prevent
acid secretion. with impaired renal injection site, because
adverse absorption isn't
reactions.
function. anaphylaxis, 6. affected by food. dru
angioedema. 4.gs Advise patient
will make to report
the sputum more
abdominal
liquid and when pain and blood
coughing, in
the
stool or
sputum emesis.s
is easier to cough up.
Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /
Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibility
Dosage

5. Ccefuroxime Treat wide variety of Contraindicated in Reported side 1. Do not take this medication
Cefuroxime is a infection patients effects include if you are allergic to
semisynthetic hypersensitive to diarrhea, nausea, cefuroxime, or to similar
cephalosporin drug or other vomiting, antibiotics, such as Cefzil,
Ceftin
antibiotic, chemically cephalosporins. abdominal pain, Keflex, Omnicef, and others.
similar to penicillin. It Use cautiously in headache, rash, 2. Before taking this
is effective against a patients hives, vaginitis, medication, tell your doctor
wide variety of hypersensitive to headache, and if you are allergic to any
bacteria organisms, penicillin because of mouth ulcers. drugs (especially penicillin).
such as possibility of cross- 3. Tell your doctor if you have
Staphylococcus sensitivity with other liver or kidney disease,
aureus, beta-lactam diabetes, a history of
Streptococcus antibiotics. intestinal problems, or if you
pneumoniae, Use cautiously in are malnourished.
Haemophilus breast-feeding 4. Tell patient to take drug as
influenzae, E. coli, N. women and in prescribed, even after he
gonorrhoeae, and patients with history feels better.
many others. of colitis or renal 5. Instruct patient to take oral
insufficiency. form with food.
6. If patient has difficulty
swallowing tablets, show him
how to dissolve or crush
tablets but warn him that the
bitter taste is hard to mask,
even with food.
7. Tell patient to notify
prescriber about loose stools
or diarrhea.
8. Instruct patient to notify
prescriber about rash or
evidence of superinfection.
 Name of Drug Classification and Side Effects /
Mechanism of Action Indication and Contraindication Adverse Nursing Responsibility
Dosage Reaction

6. Methylprednisolone Corticosteroids
Severe
Medrol inflammation or
Not clearly defined. immunosuppression
Decreases
inflammation,
mainly by stabilizing
leukocyte lysosomal
membranes;
suppresses immune
response; stimulates
bone marrow; and
influences protein,
fat, and
carbohydrate
metabolism.
Contraindicated in CNS: euphoria, 1. Tell patient not to stop drug
patients insomnia, abruptly or without prescriber's
hypersensitive to psychotic consent.
drug or its behavior 2. Instruct patient to take oral
ingredients, in those form of drug with milk or food.
4mg with systemic fungal GI: peptic 3. Teach patient signs and
infections, in ulceration, GI symptoms of early adrenal
premature infants irritation, insufficiency: fatigue, muscle
(acetate and increased weakness, joint pain, fever,
succinate), and in appetite anorexia, nausea, shortness of
patients receiving breath, dizziness, and fainting.
immunosuppressive Musculoskeletal: 4. Always adjust to lowest
doses together with growth effective dose.
live virus vaccines. suppression in 5. Monitor patient's weight, blood
Use cautiously in children, muscle pressure, electrolyte level, and
patients with GI weakness sleep patterns. Euphoria may
ulceration or renal initially interfere with sleep, but
disease, patients typically adjust to
hypertension, therapy in 1 to 3 weeks.
osteoporosis, 6. Unless contraindicated, give
diabetes mellitus, low-sodium diet that's high in
hypothyroidism, potassium and protein. Give
cirrhosis, potassium supplements, as
diverticulitis, needed.
nonspecific
ulcerative colitis,
recent intestinal
anastomoses,
thromboembolic
disorders, seizures,
active hepatitis,
lactation,
myasthenia gravis,
heart failure,
tuberculosis, ocular
herpes simplex,
emotional instability,
and psychotic
tendencies.