WEEK 1

 Critical Thinking
o The ability to engage in rational, independent and reflective thinking.
o A technique for discovering information and ideas within a text.
 Critical Reading
o The ability to process theories & models to enhance text
comprehension.
o A technique for evaluating information and ideas, for deciding what to
accept and believe.

WEEK 2.1
 Free Writing - The practice of writing down your thoughts without stopping,
and without regard for spelling, grammar, or any of the usual rules for writing.
 Redundancy - The use of two or more words that means the same thing.
 Circumlocution - The practice of putting different words together to avoid
saying what the person wants to say.
 Verbosity - Abounding in words, containing more words than necessary.

WEEK 2.2
 Essay – Is a piece of writing, usually from an author’s personal point of view.
 Narrative Essay - Describes a course of events.
 Descriptive Essay - Provide a vivid picture of a person, location, object,
event, or debate.
 Definition Essay – Explains what a term means.

WEEK 3
 Outlining – A system that helps students see the connection between ideas.
 Uses of an Outline
 Clarify one’s purpose
 Reading Aid
 Test Organization
 Complete Communication

WEEK 6 - 7
 Narration
o The most basic pattern of development.
o Is written to explain what, when, and who.
 Description
o Rich descriptive words that puts a picture of a person, place, or an
object in a person’s mind.
 Definition
o Is a paragraph explaining a term or subject.
 Exemplification
o Provides examples and illustrations in order to further clarify or explain
that concept or subject matter.
 Problem & Solution
o A method for analysing and writing about a topic by identifying a
problem and proposing a solution.
 Compare and Contrast
o Compares 2 subjects and discusses how they are alike and lists a few
examples.
 Cause & Effect
o Explains why something happens or what results a particular event
produces.

WEEK 8
 Claims of Fact – Posits whether something is true or untrue, but there must
always be the potential for controversy, conflict and conversion.
 Claims of Value – Involve judgements, appraisals, and evaluations.
 Claims of Policy – Typically provide a solution or another series of questions in
response to the claims of fact.
 Hypertext – Non-linear way to present information and is usually
accomplished using “link”.
 Hypermedia – Forms of multimedia such as pictures, sounds, and videos.
 Intertext – The shaping of a text’s meaning by another text.

WEEK 9.1
 Features of Critical Thinking
o Reasoning
o Open mindedness
o Self-awareness
 WEEK 9.2
 Position Paper – An essay or written report that presents a person’s attitude,
opinion, and intentions about an issue.
o The goal of a position paper is to advocate for an issue and/or
persuade the readers.
 Steps in Writing a Position Paper
o Select a topic.
o Do your research
o Formulate a thesis statement
o Organize the structure of your paper

WEEK 11
 Book Review – A form of literacy criticism in which a book is analysed based
on content, style, and merit.
 (Read Week 11)

WEEK 12
 Research Report – A description of a research study or formal investigation
about a topic.
 Parts of a Research Report
o Introduction
o Review of related literature – Backbone of the reaserch.
o Methodology
o Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations – Most important
details.

WEEK 13
 Project Proposal – Designed to present in detail a certain plan of action or
project.
 Types of project proposal
o Solicited Project Proposal – Made in response to an official request
for a proposal.
o Renewal Project Proposal – Not requested by the receiver.
o Unsolicited Project Proposal – Requests for continued support for an
existing project.
 o Continuation Project Proposal – Easiest to write, essentially reminders
or updates for on-going projects.
o Supplemental Project Proposal – Required when you need to ask for
extra resources for a project.
 Parts of a project proposal
o Introduction
o Proposed project title
o Objectives
o Desired outcome
o Areas for consideration

WEEK 14
 Letter – Is a written, typed, or printed communication, especially one sent in
an envelope by mail or messenger.
 Types of Letter
o Traditional Snail Mail
o Test Message
o Email Letter
o Letter on Messenger
 Parts of a Letter
o Letterhead – Bears all information of the company/person’s identity.
o Return Address
o Date
o Inside Address
o Salutation
o Subject Line
o Body
o Complimentary Close
o Signature
o Enclosure

WEEK 15, 17, 18, 19

 Types of Letter
o Inquiry Letter – Main purpose is to ask for information.
o Application Letter
o Order Letter – Simplest Type. Varies from planning orders to issues.
o Business Letter – Communication between companies.
 o Appreciation Letter – For sending gratitude or special recognition.
o Love Letter – Note written by someone to his or her loved one.
o Cover Letter – An introduction to your resume but is meant to
convey more personality.
 Resume – Is a structured, written summary of person’s education,
employment, background job, qualification, and other data.
 Parts of a Resume
o Objectives
o Education
o Work Experience
o Hobbies and Skills
o Certificates & Awards
o Reference
 Traditional Resume – Old black and white format of a resume with personal
information.
 Creative Resume – Has layout with colourful details and pictures.