SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTION

•is also known as sexually-transmitted disease

(STD)
•is a communicable disease that is spread by a
pathogen (disease-causing organism) from one
person to another person through sexual contact
 SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTION
• transmitted through an exchange of bodily fluids
during sexual intercourse
•are commonly caused by bacteria, viruses, or
parasites
 SYMPTOMS OF STI
unusual discharge from the penis, vagina or anus
pain during sex or urination
sores, blisters, ulcers, warts or rashes in the genital
area
itchiness or irritation in the genital area
 SYMPTOMS OF STI
persistent diarrhea
fever or flu-like symptoms
abnormal or unusual vaginal bleeding, especially
after having sex
pain in the scrotum or testicles
lumps and bumps on the genitals
COMMON SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
oAIDS oGonorrhea
oChlamydia oSyphilis
oGenital Herpes oPubic lice (crabs)
 AIDS
Pathogen (causative agent)
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
 AIDS
Long Term Effects
Immune systems failure
Severe illness leading to death
8-10 years to see signs of infection
Infection of infants leading to death
 AIDS
Preventive Measures
Abstinence from sexual intercourse
and from use of intravenous drugs
 CHLAMYDIA
Pathogen (causative agent)
Chlamydia Trachomatis Bacterium
 CHLAMYDIA
Long Term Effects
oWomen:
Pelvic inflammation with abdominal pain
Fever
Menstrual bleeding
Ectopic pregnancy
 CHLAMYDIA
Long Term Effects
oMen:
Enlarged lymph glands of the groin
Infection of the testicles
Infection during birth can cause blindness or illness
in newborn
 CHLAMYDIA
Preventive Measures
Abstinence from sexual intercourse
 GENITAL HERPES
Pathogen (causative agent)
Herpes Simplex Virus
 GENITAL HERPES
Long Term Effects
If left untreated, it may cause cervical
cancer in women and cause deformities in
unborn babies.
 GENITAL HERPES
Preventive Measures
Abstinence from sexual intercourse and from
use of intravenous drugs
 GONORRHEA
Pathogen (causative agent)
Neisseria Gonorrhea Bacterium
 GONORRHEA
Long Term Effects
Sterility
Liver disease
Testicular disease
Infection of the heart lining
Eye infections for newborn leading to blindness
 GONORRHEA
Preventive Measures
Abstinence from sexual intercourse and from
use of intravenous drugs
 SYPHILIS
Pathogen (causative agent)
Treponema Pallidum Bacterium
 SYPHILIS
Long Term Effects
If left untreated
Mental illness
Heart and kidney damage
Death
 SYPHILIS
Preventive Measures
Abstinence from sexual intercourse and from
use of intravenous drugs
CHLAMYDIA
HERPES
GONORRHEA
SYPHILIS
GENITAL ULCER
GENITAL WARTS
PUBIC LICE (CRABS)
 MODE OF TRANSMISSION
Sexual contact (through infected body fluids
like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, etc.)
Sharing infected needles while injecting drugs
Maternal transference (mother to baby during
pregnancy)
 The only certain way to
prevent and to keep from
catching these diseases is by
abstinence.
 REFUSAL SKILLS
is the ability to say NO
to unhealthful practices
 TECHNIQUES OF SAYING NO
1. Maintain eye contact
and firmly say NO.
2. Be true to yourself and
to your belief. Give
reasons for saying NO.
 TECHNIQUES OF SAYING NO
3. Walk away or avoid the
situation.
4. Change the subject.
5. Match verbal with non-
verbal communication.
 A. DEFINING ABSTINENCE
How will you define abstinence? Have you
experience giving up one thing in your life
in one-week period? Try this with a
partner or classmate. Choose one or two
from the activities.
 A. DEFINING ABSTINENCE
1. Refrain from doing any of the following
activities: watching television, eating a
particular food, or playing a particular
game or sport for one-week period.
 A. DEFINING ABSTINENCE
2. During that time, make a daily log of
your experience about being
“abstinent” in your diary.
 A. DEFINING ABSTINENCE
3. After a week is up, you and some of
your classmates will meet in small
groups and share your feelings and
discoveries.
 A. DEFINING ABSTINENCE
Answer the following questions in a small group.
a. How hard was it to abstain for the entire week?
b. Did it get more or less difficult as the week went by? Explain.
c. Did friends or family members try to tempt you during the time period?
d. How did you handle the pressure?
e. In your own words, try to define the words “abstinence” and “sexual
abstinence.”
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
Marta, 15 years old, wants to finish her
schooling without delay and give her full
attention to helping her parents in their
business. She has a close friend Jonathan, 17
years old, who invited her to attend a party
with their friends.
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
Marta knew that this group of friends has
been drinking alcohol and using drugs. She
knows that using drugs and alcohol affects
one’s ability to make decisions regarding
sexual behavior.
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
This means that when a person uses drugs or
gets drunk, his/her ability to think clearly and
wisely can be affected. So, he told Jonathan
that in order to avoid getting infected with STIs
such as HIV/AIDS they must refrain from doing
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
risky behavior that may tempt them to have
undesirable sexual activities. She was able to
convince Jonathan to stay away from this
group of friends who engage in unhealthful
practices. Jonathan realized that abstinence is
a good way to avoid getting into trouble.
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
Their classmates, Peter and Joanna, have also
chosen abstinence. They promise to abstain
from sexual behavior because they would like
to keep their purity until marriage. Instead,
they focus on their studies in order to prepare
for their future together.
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
Racquel does not engage in sexual behavior
because she would like to protect her
reputation and that of her family. She believes
that risky sexual behaviors will only bring her
shame and guilt.
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
Apparently, Noemi wanted to abstain from sex
because she chose to obey her parents’ advice
to be modest and respect her body.
B. SOME THOUGHTS ON ABSTINENCE
All of these young people have different
reasons but the end result is the same- they
have chosen abstinence and they are all proud
of their decision.
 TEENS STRAIGHT TALK
Complete the chart with the required
entries. Write your answer in your activity
notebook.
 TEENS STRAIGHT TALK
Your name
Reason for choosing _________________
Name
abstinence (Your thoughts concerning
this reason)
Martha
Jonathan
Peter and Joanna
Racquel
Noemi
Role play the following situations showing how you
resist pressures using refusal skills. Practice with your
classmates.
1. A friend inviting you to drink alcohol after school
2. Ramon told you to cut classes so you can attend a
birthday party.
3. Carmen invited you to try smoking.
 MY ADVOCACY
Make a poster on how to avoid STI
and HIV/AIDS using abstinence and
refusal skill.