Valentina Tereshkova

Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova (Russian: Валенти́ на Влади́ мировна

Valentina Tereshkova
Терешко́ ва, IPA: [vɐlʲɪnʲˈtʲinə vlɐˈdʲimʲɪrəvnə tʲɪrʲɪʂˈkovə] ( listen); born 6
March 1937) is a retired Russian cosmonaut, engineer, and politician. She is the first
woman to have flown in space, having been selected from more than 400 applicants
and five finalists to pilotVostok 6 on 16 June 1963.

In order to join the Cosmonaut Corps, Tereshkova was honorarily inducted into the
[1]
Soviet Air Force and thus she also became the first civilian to fly in space.

Before her recruitment as a cosmonaut, Tereshkova was a textile-factory assembly

worker and an amateur skydiver. After the dissolution of the first group of female
cosmonauts in 1969, she became a prominent member of the Communist Party of
the Soviet Union, holding various political offices. She remained politically active
following the collapse of the Soviet Union and is regarded as a hero in post-Soviet Tereshkova in 1969
Russia and much of the world. Having orbited Earth 48 times, Tereshkova remains
[2][3]
the only woman ever to have been on a solo space mission.

In 2013, she offered to go on a one-way trip to Mars if the opportunity arose.[4] At

the opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics, she was a carrier of the Soviet cosmonaut
Olympic flag. Nationality Soviet
Russian
Born 6 March 1937
Bolshoye
Contents Maslennikovo,
Early life Tutayevsky District,
Career in the Soviet space program Yaroslavl Oblast,
Russian SFSR, Soviet
Education
Union
Soviet political career
Other Valentina Nikolayeva
Post-Soviet political career
names Tereshkova
Personal life
Honours and awards
Other Pilot
occupation
In popular culture
Rank MajGen,
See also
Soviet AF
References
Time in 2 days, 23 hrs, and 12
Further reading space mins
External links
Selection Female group
Missions Vostok 6

Early life Awards

Tereshkova was born in the village of Maslennikovo in Tutayevsky District,

Yaroslavl Oblast, in central Russia. Her parents had migrated from Belarus.[5]
Tereshkova's father was a tractor driver and her mother worked in a textile plant.
Tereshkova went to school in 1945 at the age 8; however, she left school in 1953 at 16 and continued her education by
correspondence courses.[6]

She became interested in parachuting from a young age, and trained in skydiving at the local Aeroclub, making her first jump at age
22 on 21 May 1959; at the time, she was employed as a textile worker in a local factory. It was her expertise in skydiving that led to
her selection as a cosmonaut. In 1961, she became Secretary of the local Komsomol (Young Communist League) and later joined the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union.[7]

Career in the Soviet space program

After the flight of Yuri Gagarin in 1961, Sergey Korolyov, the chief Soviet rocket
engineer, came up with the idea of putting a woman in space. On 16 February 1962,
Valentina Tereshkova was selected to join the female cosmonaut corps. Out of more
than 400 applicants, five were selected: Tatyana Kuznetsova, Irina Solovyova,
Zhanna Yorkina, Valentina Ponomaryova, and Tereshkova. Qualifications included
that they be parachutists under 30 years of age, under 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) tall, and
under 70 kg (154 lb) in weight.[8]

Cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova Tereshkova was considered a particularly worthy candidate, partly due to her
and Valery Bykovsky among children "proletarian" background, and because her father, tank leader sergeant Vladimir
Tereshkov, was a war hero. He died in the Finnish Winter War during World War II
in the Lemetti area in Finnish Karelia when Tereshkova was two years old. After her
mission, she was asked how the Soviet Union should thank her for her service to the country. Tereshkova asked that the government
search for, and publish, the location where her father was killed in action. This was done, and a monument now stands at the site in
Lemetti—now on the Russian side of the border
. Tereshkova has since visited Finland several times.

Training included weightless flights, isolation tests, centrifuge tests, rocket theory, spacecraft engineering, 120 parachute jumps and
pilot training in MiG-15UTI jet fighters. The group spent several months in intensive training, concluding with examinations in
November 1962, after which four remaining candidates were commissioned Junior Lieutenants in the Soviet Air Force. Tereshkova,
Solovyova and Ponomaryova were the leading candidates, and a joint mission profile was developed that would see two women
[9]
launched into space, on solo Vostok flights on consecutive days in March or April 1963.

Originally it was intended that Tereshkova would launch first in Vostok 5 while
Ponomaryova would follow her into orbit in Vostok 6. However, this flight plan was
altered in March 1963. Vostok 5 would now carry a male cosmonaut Valery
Bykovsky flying the joint mission with a woman aboard Vostok 6 in June 1963. The
State Space Commission nominated Tereshkova to pilot Vostok 6 at their meeting on
21 May and this was confirmed by Nikita Khrushchev himself.[10] Tereshkova was
exactly ten years younger than the youngest Mercury Seven astronaut, Gordon
Cooper. Cosmonauts Andriyan Nikolayev and
Valentina Tereshkova on a Hungarian
After watching the successful launch ofVostok 5 on 14 June, Tereshkova began final stamp.
preparations for her own flight. She was 26 at the time. On the morning of 16 June
1963, Tereshkova and her backup Solovyova were both dressed in spacesuits and
taken to the launch pad by bus. After completing her communication and life support checks, she was sealed inside the Vostok. After
a two-hour countdown,Vostok 6 launched faultlessly, and Tereshkova became the first woman in space.[11] Her call sign in this flight
was Chaika (English: Seagull; Russian: Ча́ йка), later commemorated as the name of an asteroid,1671 Chaika.[12]

Although Tereshkova experiencednausea and physical discomfort for much of the flight,[13] she orbited the earth 48 times and spent
almost three days in space. With a single flight, she logged more flight time than the combined times of all American astronauts who
had flown before that date.[14] Tereshkova also maintained a flight log and took photographs of the horizon, which were later used to
identify aerosol layers within the atmosphere.[15]
 Vostok 6 was the final Vostok flight and was launched two days afterVostok 5 which
carried Valery Bykovsky into a similar orbit for five days, landing three hours after
Tereshkova. The two vessels approached each other within 5 km (3.1 mi) at one
point, and Tereshkova communicated with Bykovsky and with Khrushchev by radio.

From left to right: Yuri Gagarin, Pavel
Popovich, Valentina Tereshkova, and
Nikita Khrushchev at the Lenin
Mausoleum, during a celebration
honoring the Soviet cosmonauts,
1963
Even though there were plans for further flights by women, it took 19 years until the
second woman, Svetlana Savitskaya, flew into space. None of the other four in
Tereshkova's early group flew, and, in October 1969, the pioneering female
cosmonaut group was dissolved.[9]
In September 1963, Tereshkova donated a silver cup at the women's 1963 European
Rowing Championships held in Khimki near Moscow for the most successful
nation, which went to the team from the Soviet Union as they won gold in all five
boat classes.[16]

Education
After her flight, Tereshkova studied at the Zhukovsky Air Force Academy and graduated with
distinction as a cosmonaut engineer. In 1977 she earned a doctorate in engineering.

Soviet political career

Due to her prominence, Tereshkova was chosen for several political positions: from 1966 to
1974 she was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, from 1974 to 1989 a
member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, and from 1969 to 1991 she was in the
Central Committee of the Communist Party. In 1997, she was retired from the Russian Air
Force and the cosmonaut corps by presidential order
.
Tereshkova, skiing, 1964
Beyond her recognized political offices within the Soviet Union, Tereshkova also became a
well-known representative of the Soviet Union abroad. She was made a member of the World
Peace Council in 1966, a member of the Yaroslavl Soviet in 1967. She was also the Soviet representative to the UN Conference for
the International Women's Year in Mexico City in 1975. She also led the Soviet delegation to the World Conference on Women in
Copenhagen and played a critical role in shaping the socialist women's global agenda for peace.[17] She attained the rank of deputy to
the Supreme Soviet, membership of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Central Committee, Vice President of the International
Woman’s Democratic Federation and President ofthe Soviet-Algerian Friendship Society.

She was decorated with the Hero of the Soviet Union medal, the USSR's highest award. She was also awarded the Order of Lenin,
Order of the October Revolution, numerous other medals, and foreign orders including the Karl Marx Order, United Nations Gold
Medal of Peace and the Simba International Women’s Movement Award. She was also bestowed a title of the Hero of Socialist Labor
of Czechoslovakia, Hero of Labor of Vietnam, and Hero of Mongolia. In 1990 she received an honorary doctorate from the
University of Edinburgh. Tereshkova crater on the far side of the Moon was named after her.

Post-Soviet political career

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Tereshkova lost her political office but none of her prestige. To this day, she is revered as a
hero, and to some her importance in Russian space history is only surpassed by Yuri Gagarin and Alexey Leonov. She was elected to
1 as a member of United Russia where she continues to serve.[18]
the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian legislature, in 201

Tereshkova's life and spaceflight were first written of in the West in the 1975 book: It Is I, Sea Gull; Valentina Tereshkova, the first
woman in space by Mitchel R. Sharpe[19] and then again in greater detail of her life and spaceflight in the 2007 book Into That Silent
Sea by Colin Burgess and Francis French, including interviews with Tereshkova and her colleagues.
Tereshkova was invited to Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's residence in Novo-Ogaryovo for
the celebration of her 70th birthday. While there she said that she would like to fly to Mars,
even if it meant that it was a one-way trip.[20]

On 5 April 2008, she was a torchbearer of the 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay in Saint
Petersburg, Russia.[21]

She received the Eduard Rhein Ring of Honor from the German Eduard Rhein Foundation in
2007.[22][23]

Tereshkova was a carrier of the Olympic flag at the opening ceremony of the
Winter Olympics
2014.

Personal life
Tereschkova married Andriyan Nikolayev on 3 November 1963 at the Moscow Wedding Tereshkova in 1970
Palace with Khrushchev presiding at the wedding party together with top government and
space programme leaders.[24]

On 8 June 1964, nearly one year after her space flight, she gave birth to their
daughter Elena Andrianovna Nikolaeva-Tereshkova,[25] who became a doctor and
was the first person to have both a mother and father who had travelled into space.
She and Nikolayev divorced in 1982. Her second husband, the orthopaedist Yuliy G.
Shaposhnikov, died in 1999.

Honours and awards

The wedding ceremony of pilot-
cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova
Russian
and Andriyan Nikolayev, 3 November
1963.
Order of Merit for the Fatherland;

2nd class (6 March 2007) – for outstanding contribution to the

development of domestic space
3rd class (6 March 1997) – for services to the state and the great personal
contribution to the development of domestic space
Order of Alexander Nevsky(2013)[26]
Order of Honour (10 June 2003) – for outstanding contribution to the
development and strengthening of international scientific, cultural and social ties
Order of Friendship (12 April 2011) – for outstanding contribution to the
development of national manned space flight and long-term fruitful public activity
Russian Federation State Prizefor outstanding achievements in the field of
humanitarian action in 2008 (4 June 2009)
Certificates of appreciation from the Government of the Russian Federation;

16 June 2008, – for long-term fruitful state and public activities, considerable
personal contribution to the development of manned space flight and in
connection with the 45th anniversary of spaceflight
12 June 2003, – for large contribution to the development of manned space
flight Valentina Tereshkova and
3 March 1997, – for the contribution to the development of space, the Neil Armstrong, 1970
strengthening of international scientific and cultural ties and years of diligent
work

Soviet

Honoured Master of Sport(19 June 1963)

Hero of the Soviet Union(22 June 1963)
 Order of Lenin (22 June 1963; 6 May 1981) – for making progress on the
development and strengthening of ties with the progressive community and
peace-loving forces of foreign countries
Order of the October Revolution(1 December 1971)
Order of the Red Banner of Labour(5 March 1987) – for social activities
Order of the Friendship of Peoples
Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Soviet Union

Other awards – Warsaw Pact

"Gold Star" Hero of Socialist Labour (Czechoslovakia)(August 1963)

"Gold Star" Hero of Socialist Labour (Bulgaria)(Bulgaria, 9 September 1963)
Order of Georgi Dimitrov(Bulgaria, 9 September 1963)
Tereshkova visiting the Lviv
Order of Karl Marx (October 1963, East Germany)
confectionery, 1967
Medal of Becker (October 1963, East Germany)
Cross of Grunwald, 1st class (October 1963, Poland)
Order of the National Flag with diamonds (Hungary , April 1965)
Order "For Achievements in Science" (Romania, 17 November 1973)
Medal "For Strengthening Brotherhood in Arms" (Bulgaria, 1976)
Order of Klement Gottwald(Czechoslovakia)

Other awards

Order of Tri Shakti Patta, 1st class (Nepal, November 1963)

Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 2nd class (November 1963)
Order of the Volta (Ghana, January 1964)
"Gold Soyombo" Hero of Labour (Mongolia)
Order of Sukhbaatar (Mongolia, May 1965)
Order of the Enlightenment (Afghanistan, August 1969)
Order of Planets (Jordan, December 1969) Valentina Tereshkova among
Order of the Nile (Egypt, January 1971) delegates at the 24th Congress of
"Gold Star" Hero of Labour (Vietnam) (October 1971) the CPSU, 1971.
Order of Bernardo O'Higgins(Chile, March 1972)
Order of the Yugoslav Flag with sash (November 1972)
Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun (Peru, 1974)
Order of Playa Girón (Cuba, 1974)
Order of Ana Betancourt(Cuba, 1974)
Order of Duke Branimir, with sash (Croatia, 17 February 2003)

Scientific, social and religious organizations

Gold Medal, Tsiolkovsky Academy of Sciences of the USSR

Gold Medal of the British Society for interplanetary communications "For
achievements in space exploration" (February 1964)
Gold Medal of the "Cosmos" (FAI)
Award Galambera Astronautics
Tereshkova at the Heureka
Gold Medal of Peace Joliot-Curie (France, 1964)
science centre, in Finland,
Order "Wind Rose" International Committee of the National Aeronautics and
2002
Space Missions
"Golden mimosa" of the Italian Union of Women (1963)
Sign of the Komsomol "For active in the League" (1963)
Gold Medal Exhibition of Economic Achievements(28 June 1963)
Honour of DOSAAF (1 July 1963)
Order of St. Euphrosyne, Grand Duchess of Moscow , 2nd class (2008)

Honorary citizenships
Kaluga, Yaroslavl (Russia), Karaganda, Baikonur (Leninsk, Kazakhstan, 1977),
Gyumri (Leninakan, Armenia, 1965), Vitebsk (Belarus, 1975), Montreux
(Switzerland), Drancy (France), Montgomery (UK), Polizzi Generosa (Italy),
Darkhan (Mongolia, 1965), Sofia, Burgas, Petrich, Stara Zagora, Pleven, Varna
(Bulgaria, 1963), Bratislava (Slovakia, 1963)

Recognition

Various locations and monuments have been named after Valentina Tereshkova:
Valentina Tereshkova and NASA
A lunar crater, Tereshkova
astronaut Catherine Coleman at the
A minor planet 1671 Chaika
Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center
Yalta embankment
in December 2010.
Many streets in Vitebsk, Volokolamsk, Grodno, Irkutsk, Ishimbay,
Kemerovo, Klin, Korolyov, Lipetsk, Mytishchi, Ardatov, Novosibirsk
(Akademgorodok), Novocheboksarsk, Odessa, Orenburg, Yaroslavl,
Krasnoyarsk, Penza, Gudermes (Chechen Republic)
A square in Tver
School number 32 in Yaroslavl, where she studied
Museum of Tereshkova "Cosmos" near her native village
[27]
Monument in Bayevsky District of Altai Territory, Siberia, close to her landing place of 53°N, 80°E.
"Greatest woman of 20th century"
Cosmonaut monument in Moscow
Monument planned at Tereshkova's birthplace in Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl Planetarium (7 April 2011)

In popular culture
In 1997, London-based electronic pop groupKomputer released a song entitled "Valentina" which gives a more-or-less direct account
of her career as a cosmonaut. It was released as a single and appears on their album The World of Tomorrow. The band Public Service
Broadcasting has a song entitled "Valentina" on their 2015 album The Race for Space in tribute to her. In the same year, Findlay
Napier's album VIP: Very Interesting Persons included a song "Valentina", written in her honour by Napier and Boo Hewerdine.

In season three of Orange is the New Black, Red describes Tereshkova as her hero, and notes her focus in wanting to travel to Mars,
despite being in her seventies.

In 2015, a short film entitled Valentina's Dream was released by Meat Bingo Productions. The film stars Rebecca Front as
Tereshkova and is based on an interview by the former cosmonaut where she expressed a desire to
journey to Mars.

ereshkova.[28]
The 2007 video gameMass Effect included a fictional star system named for T

Streets in Ukraine that bore Tereshkova's name have been renamed due to the country's2015 decommunization law.[29][30]

The 2015 space flight simulatorKerbal Space Program features a pilot Kerbal named Valentina in her honor.[31]

The 2017 mobile RPGAlliance: Heroes of the Spire has a hero named "Valentina, the Star Pioneer" inhonor of Tereshkova.

See also
List of female astronauts
List of female Heroes of the Soviet Union
Astronaut-politician

References
 1. "Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova" (http://www.yarregion.ru/eng/Pages/famous_people_Valentina_Vladimirovna_T
ereshkova.aspx). Yaroslavl Region. 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
2. https://www.rt.com/news/379550-tereshkova-facts-80-anniversary
3. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2017/mar/29/valentina-tereshkova-first-
woman-in-space-people-waste-money-on-wars
4. "First female astronaut Valentina Tereshkova wants one-way Mars ticket"(http://www.news.com.au/technology/scien
ce/first-female-astronaut-valentina-tereshkovas-mars-plan/story-fn5fsgyc-1226660740625#ixzz2XWZKQD1c) .
News.com.au. 9 June 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
5. "Першая жанчына‑касманаўт ў дзяцінстве гаварыла па‑беларуску" (http://nn.by/?c=ar&i=25785)[The first
woman in space spoke Belarusian as a child].Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). 24 April 2009. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
6. "Valentina Tereshkova" (http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/whos_who_level2/tereshkova.html)
. StarChild:
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. 2016. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
7. "President Vladimir Putin of Russia Congratulates V
alentina Tereshkova, First Woman In Space on 80th Birthday"(ht
tps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SbRxuvmiXKY). YouTube.com. Russia Today. 6 March 2017. Retrieved 7 March
2017.
8. Ghosh, Pallab (17 September 2015)."Valentina Tereshkova: USSR was 'worried' about women in space"(http://ww
w.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-34270395). BBC News. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
9. Sever, Megan (June 2014). "June 16, 1963 & June 18, 1983: Valentina Tereshkova and Sally Ride Become First and
Third Women in Space" (http://www.earthmagazine.org/article/benchmarks-june-16-1963-june-18-1983-valentina-ter
eshkova-and-sally-ride-become-first-and). Earth. 59 (6): 60–61. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
10. Burgis, Colin; Vis, Bert (2015). Interkosmos: The Eastern Bloc's Early Space Program
. Springer Paxis Books.
ISBN 978-3319241616.
11. Knapton, Sarah (17 September 2015)."Russia forgot to send toothbrush with first woman in space"(http://www.teleg
raph.co.uk/news/science/space/11871598/Russia-forgot-to-send-toothbrush-with-first-woman-in-space.html) . The
Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
12. Knight, Kelly (June 2003). "Earth calling Seagull".Astronomy. 31 (6): 30.
13. "Валентина Терешкова: чьей воле покорялась женщина, покорившая космос" (http://ria.ru/review/20060616/496
19382.html) [Valentina Tereshkova: the Woman who Conquered Space]. RIA Novosti (in Russian). 16 June 2006.
Retrieved 3 April 2016.
14. Kennedy, Maev (17 September 2015)."First woman in space recalls mission's teething troubles"(https://www.thegua
rdian.com/science/2015/sep/17/first-woman-in-space-valentina-tereshkova)
. The Guardian. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
15. Tereshkova, Valentina (4 January 1964). "Three days in outer space".The Saturday Evening Post. 237 (1): 62–63.
16. "Fünf Europatitel für UdSSR-Ruderinnen"(http://zefys.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/ddr-presse/ergebnisanzeige/?purl=S
NP2532889X-19630909-0-6-61-0). Neues Deutschland (in German). 18 (247). 9 September 1963. p. 6. Retrieved
13 January 2018. (Registration required (help)).
17. Ghodsee, Kristen (Winter 2012)."Rethinking State Socialist Mass Women's Organizations: The Committee of the
Bulgarian Women's Movement and the United Nations Decade for Women, 1975-1985" (https://doi.org/10.1353/jow
h.2012.0044). Journal of Women's History. Johns Hopkins University Press. 24 (4): 49–73.
doi:10.1353/jowh.2012.0044(https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjowh.2012.0044).
18. "Терешкова Валентина Владимировна"(http://www.duma.gov.ru/structure/deputies/131193/)[Tereshkova,
Valentina Vladimirovna].The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation
. 2016. Retrieved
3 April 2016.
19. Sharpe, Mitchell R. (1975)."It is I, Sea gull;": Valentina Tereshkova, first woman in space. Crowell. ISBN 978-0-690-
00646-9.
20. "First woman in space dreams of flying to Mars"(https://www.reuters.com/article/scienceNews/idUSL064760142007
0306). Reuters. 6 March 2007. Retrieved 26 May 2008.
21. "Олимпийский огонь понесут Друзь, Фрейндлих и Плющенко" (http://www.kp.ru/daily/24075/312208/).
Komsomolskaya Pravda(in Russian). 16 October 2012. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
22. "The Eduard Rhein Ring of Honor Recipients"(https://web.archive.org/web/20110718234106/http://www .eduard-rhei
n-stiftung.de/html/Ehrenring_e.html). Eduard Rhein Foundation. Archived from the original (http://www.eduard-rhein-
stiftung.de/html/Ehrenring_e.html)on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
23. "Ring of Honor 2007 – Dr. techn. Dr.h.c.mult. Valentina V. Tereschkova" (https://web.archive.org/web/201107182336
45/http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/html/2007/Ehrenring.html). Eduard Rhein Foundation(in German). Archived
from the original (http://www.eduard-rhein-stiftung.de/html/2007/Ehrenring.html) on 18 July 2011. Retrieved
5 February 2011.
24. Eidelman, Tamara (2013). "A Cosmic Wedding". Russian Life. 56 (6): 22–25.
25. Feldman, Heather (2003).Valentina Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space(https://books.google.com/books?id=r_
LHO5_AzwQC&pg=PT24#v=onepage&q&f=false) . Rosen Publishing Group.ISBN 0-8239-6246-6.
26. "The Japan News" (http://the-japan-news.com/news/article/0000310658)
. the-japan-news.com.
27. Rosen, Rebecca J. (16 June 2013)."The Remote Siberian Monument to the First W oman in Space, Who Launched
50 Years Ago Today" (https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/06/the-remote-siberian-monument-to-the
-first-woman-in-space-who-launched-50-years-ago-today/276904/) . The Atlantic. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
28. Cris Converse (3 March 2016).Mass Effect Game Guide(https://books.google.com/books?id=G62qCwAAQBAJ&pg
=PA60). Booksmango. pp. 60–61.ISBN 978-1-63323-677-6.
29. (in Ukrainian) Muscovite renamed all the streets Valentina Tereshkova (http://pda.pravda.com.ua/news/id_7105274/)
,
Ukrayinska Pravda (12 April 2016)
30. http://z-news.link/the-scandal-with-the-renaming-in-odessa-the-city-council-gave-the-answer/
31. Kerbal Space Program [@KerbalSpaceP] (24 February 2015)."@xZise She's named after Valentina Tereshkova, the
first woman in space" (https://twitter.com/KerbalSpaceP/status/570181771133898752) (Tweet) – via Twitter.

Further reading
Bill O’Neil, "Whatever became of Valentina Tereshkova?" New Scientist 8/14/93, Vol. 139, Issue 1886p. 21.
A. Lothian, Valentina: The First Woman in Space, The Pentland Press, 1993,ISBN 978-1858210643.
Tamara Eidelman, "The First Woman in Space," Russian Life. May/Jun 2008, Vol. 51, Issue 3, p. 19-21.
Tamara Eidelman, "The Extraordinary Destiny of an ‘Ordinary’ Woman," Russian Life. May/June 2003, Vol. 46, Issue
3, p.19.
Daniel Gauthier, "Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova." Ad Astra. Jul/Aug 1991, Vol. 3, Issue 6, p. 29.
Robert Griswold, ""Russian Blonde in Space": Soviet W omen in the American Imagination, 1950-1965."Journal of
Social History. Summer 2012, Vol. 45, Issue 4, p.881-907.
Laira Woodmansee, "Two who dared," Ad Astra. Summer 2005, Vol. 17, Issue 2, p. 48-48.
"First woman in space" at History.com
Valentina Tereshkova, The First Lady of Space: In Her Own Words, spacebusiness.com, October 2015

External links
BBC: Tereshkova received the Greatest Woman of the Century Award
RSC Energia Biography of Tereschkova including a comprehensive list of awards and honors.
Biography of Tereshkova
Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova: The First Woman in Space
Concept album inspired by Tereshkova's pioneering achievements, by Kurt Swinghammer
"Testing of rocket and space technology - thebusiness of my life" Events and facts -A.I. Ostashev, Korolyov, 2001.
[1];
"Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C.,Kiev, 2014., publishing house "Phoenix",ISBN 978-966-136-169-9
A.I. Ostashev, Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov - The Genius of the 20th Century— 2010 M. of Public Educational
Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL ISBN 978-5-8135-0510-2.
"S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" - edited by C. A. Lopota,RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev, 2014
ISBN 978-5-906674-04-3
The official website of the city administrationBaikonur - Honorary citizens of Baikonur

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