ADSORBENTS”
A SEMINAR REPORT
SUBMITTED BY
OMKAR.J.GAWAS
Prof.(Dr).M.V.BAGAL
(2016-2017)
BHARaTI VIDYAPEETH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
NAVI MUMBAI
Certificate
This is to certify that OMKAR J. GAWAS has successfully completed the
SEMINAR work entitled “REMOVAL OF PHENOL USING
ADSORBENTS” during the prescribed period in the academic year 2016-17.
This Seminar Report is submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the Award of Degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Examiner 1_________________________
Examiner 2_________________________
Date:
Acknowledgement
I would first of all like to thank and express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Dr. M. V.
BAGAL, Seminar Guide andCo-ordinator, Department of Chemical Engineering,
B.V.C.O.E. Navi Mumbai for herconstant support and encouragement during my seminar
work. I have high regards for her guidance, motivation and her dynamic presence as my
guide.
OMKAR.J.GAWAS
BHARATI VIDYAPEETH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, NAVI
MUMBAI
INSTITUTE MISSION
“Social Transformation through Dynamic Education”
VISION
The chemical engineering department seeks to prepare chemical engineers to pursue their goals
as successful careers of Entrepreneurs and Eminent Researchers which benefits the public
welfare through its service that is rigorous and challenging.
MISSION
1. Excel in engineering practice, research, and management in industries.
2. Expands the knowledge through its scholarly pursuits.
3. Think critically and creatively, especially about the use of technology to address local and
global problems.
4. To develop technology to serve social needs.
CONTENTS
Page No
ABSTRACT i
LIST OF FIGURES ii
LIST OF TABLES iii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction 1
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. PHENOL: AN OVERVIEW 6
2.2.Traditional Separation Methods
2.2.1. Separation by Steam Distillation 7
2.2.2. Separation by Liquid-Liquid Extraction 8
2.2.3. Separation by Adsorption 9
2.2.4. Separation by Solid phase Extraction 10
2.2.5. Separation by Chemical Oxidation 10
2.2.5.1. Total oxidation with air processes 10
2.2.5.1.1. Noncatalytic wet air oxidation. 10
2.2.5.2 Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) 11
2.2.6. Separation by Biodegradation 12
2.3 Advance Methods for Phenol Separation or Reduction 14
2.3.1. Electrochemical Oxidation 14
2.3.1.1. Indirect electro-oxidation 14
2.3.1.2 Direct anodic oxidation 15
2.3.2. Photo Oxidation Process 16
2.3.2.1. Catalytic photo-oxidation 16
2.3.2.2 Noncatalytic Photo Oxidation 17
2.3.3. Membrane Process 18
2.3.3.1 Separating by MBSE 18
2.3.3.1.1. Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique 19
2.3.3.1.2. Supported liquid membrane (SLM) 21
2.4. Hybrid Systems 22
2.4.1 MBR 22
2.4.2 PMR 23
REFERENCES 38
ABSTRACT
Adsorption is one of the most effective process for the treatment of waste water for the removal
of various toxic industrial effluents like phenol. Various treatment methods are being used but
adsorption too is one of the effective treatment processes. In this study various treatment
techniques used for phenol removal has been studied and a comparison is being made as to why
adsorption process is the best treatment method .In this present study a review of six adsorbents
which comprised of Activated carbon, Bagasse Ash, Wood charcoal, Red mud, Macro Algae and
clay on various parameters affecting the adsorption process like pH, effect of particle size, effect
of initial phenol concentration, effect of the substitution groups on the phenolic ring, effect of
adsorbent dosage and effect of temperature has been made. Also the adsorption capacities along
with their cost estimation are listed in this study. Altogether the basic aim of this study is to
review the adsorptive capacities of various adsorbents used under this study in comparison with
Activated carbon as it is used commercially and thereby provide data for increasing the use of
low cost adsorbents which could provide a best alternative to Activated carbon
i
LIST OF FIGURES
ii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Optimum dose for adsorbent for particular phenol concentration 29
Table 4.1 Types of Adorption Isotherm for Adsorbents 33
Table 4.2 Adsorption Capacities of Adorbents 33
Table 4.3 Price Details of Adsorbents per kg 34
iii