DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

MECHANICS OF SOLIDS [RME-303]

Question Bank [UNIT 1]

1. A 6 m long hollow bar of circular section has 140 mm diameter for a length of 4 m, while it has 120 mm
diameter for a length of 2 m. The inside diameter is 80 mm throughout. Find the elongation of the bar,
when it is subjected to an axial tensile force of 300 kN. Take modulus of elasticity for the bar material as
200 GPa.

2. A metal bar 50 mm X 50 mm in section is subjected to an axial compressive load of 500 kN. If the
contraction of a 200 mm gauge length was found to be 0.5 mm and the increase in thickness 0.04 mm, find
the values of Young’s Modulus and Poisson’s Ratio for the bar material.

3. A steel cube block of 50 mm side is subjected to a force of 6 kN [Tension], 8 kN [Compression] and 4 kN

(Tension) along x, y and z direction respectively. Determine the change in volume of the block. Take E as
200 GPa and Poisson’s ratio as 0.3.

4. In an experiment, a bar of 30 mm diameter is subjected to a pull of 60 kN. The measured extension on

gauge length of 200 mm is 0.09mm and the change in diameter is 0.0039 mm. Calculate the Poisson’s Ratio
and the values of the three moduli.

5. A round bar 40 mm diameter is subjected to an axial pull of 80 kN and reduction in diameter was found
to be 0.00775 mm. Find Poisson’s Ratio and Young’s Modulus for the material of the bar. Take value of
shear modulus as 40 GPa.

6. A prismatic bar of circular cross section is loaded by tensile force P = 85 kN. The bar has length L = 3.0 m
and diameter d = 30 mm. it is made of aluminium with modulus of elasticity E = 70 GPa and Poisson’s ratio
µ = 1/3. Calculate the elongation in length and decrease in diameter and the increase in volume of the bar.

7. A bar of 20 mm diameter is tested in tension. It is observed that when a load of 37.7 kN is applied, the
extension measured over a gauge length of 200 mm is 0.12 mm and contraction in diameter is 0.0036 mm.
Find the Poisson’s ratio and elastic constants E, G, and K.

8. A 500 mm long bar has rectangular cross section 20 mm X 40 mm. this bar is subjected to

a. 40 kN tensile force on 20 mm X 40 mm faces.

b. 200 kN compressive force on 20 mm X 500 mm faces, and

c. 300 kN tensile force on 40 mm X 500 mm faces.

Find the change in volume if E = 2 X 105 N/mm2 and µ = 0.3

9. A rectangular bar of cross section 30 mm X 60 mm and length 200 mm is restrained from expansion
along its 30 mm X 200 mm sides by surrounding material. Find the change in dimension and volume when
a compressive force of 180 kN acts in axial direction. Take E = 2 X 105 N/mm2 and µ = 0.3.

10. A point in a strained material is subjected to two mutually perpendicular tensile stresses of 200 MPa
and 100 MPa. Determine the intensities of normal, shear and resultant stresses on a plane inclined at 30 0
with the axis of minor tensile stress.
11. A plane element in a body is subjected to a tensile stress of 100 MPa accompanied by a shear stress of
25 MPa. Find (i) the normal and shear stress on a plane inclined at an angle of 20 o with the tensile stress
and (ii) the maximum shear stress on the plane.

12. An element in a strained body is subjected to a tensile stress of 150 MPa and a shear stress of 50 MPa
tending to rotate the element in an anticlockwise direction. Find (i) the magnitude of the normal and shear
stresses on a section inclined at 40o with the tensile stress; and (ii) the magnitude and direction of
maximum shear stress that can exist on the element.

13. A plane element in a boiler is subjected to tensile stresses of 400 MPa on one plane and 150 MPa on
the other at right angles to the former. Each of the above stresses is accompanied by a shear stress of 100
MPa such that when associated with the minor tensile stress tends to rotate the element in anticlockwise
direction. Find
(a) Principal stresses and their directions
(b) Maximum shearing stresses and the directions of the plane on which they act.

14. A plane element of a body is subjected to a compressive stress of 300 MPa in x-x direction and a tensile
stress of 200 MPa in the y-y direction. Each of the above stresses is subjected to a shear stress of 100 MPa
such that when it is associated with the compressive stress, it tends to rotate the element in an
anticlockwise direction. Find the normal and shear stresses on a plane inclined at an angle of 30 o with the
x-x axis.

15. The principal stresses at a point in the section of a member are 50 MPa and 20 MPa both tensile. If
there is a clockwise shear stress of 30 MPa, find the normal and shear stresses on a section inclined at an
angle of 15O with the normal to the major tensile stress.

16. The stresses at a point of a machine component are 150 MPa and 50 MPA both tensile. Find the
intensities of normal, shear and resultant stresses on a plane inclined at an angle of 55 o with the axis of
major tensile stress. Also find the magnitude of the maximum shear stresses in the component. Use
graphical method

17. The stresses at a point in a component are 100 MPa (tensile) and 50 MPa (compressive). Determine the
magnitude of the normal and shear stresses on a plane inclined at an angle of 25 o with tensile stress. Also
determine the direction of the resultant stress and the magnitude of the maximum intensity of shear
stress. Solve by Mohr’s Circle

18. The stresses on two perpendicular planes through a point in a body are 30 MPa and 15 MPa both
tensile along with a shear stress of 25 MPa. Find
(a) the magnitude and direction of principal stresses
(b) the planes of maximum shear stress
(c) the normal and shear stresses on the planes of maximum shearing stress.
Solve analytically and verify it graphically.

19. A vertical rod 2 m long, fixed at the upper end, is 13 cm2 in area for 1 m and 20 cm2 in area for 1 m. A
collar is attached to the free end. Through what height can a load of 100 kg fall on to the collar to cause a
maximum stress of 50 N/mm2? E = 200000 N/mm2.
20. An unknown weight falls by 30 mm on to a collar rigidly attached to the lower end of a vertical bar 4 m
long and 1000 mm2 in section. If the maximum instantaneous extension is found to be 3.66 mm. Find
corresponding weight. E = 2 X 105 N/mm2.

21. A bar of uniform cross section area A and length L hangs vertically, subjected to its own weight. Prove
that the strain energy stored within the bar is given by

Where E is modulus of elasticity and ρ is weight per unit volume.

22. A bar 5 m long and 7 cm diameter hangs vertically and has a collar securely attached at the end. Find
the maximum stress induced when a weight of 4000 kg fall 1 cm on the collar. Take E = 2.05 X 10 6 kg/cm2.

21. A solid circular shaft is required to carry a torque 40 kNm and a bending moment 30 kNm. If yield stress
σy in a simple tensile test on a material of the shaft was found to be 260 N/mm 2, find the minimum
required diameter of the shaft according to the different theories of failure. Take a factor of safety F.S. =
2.5 and Poisson’s ratio = 0.3.

22. A mild steel shaft 100 mm diameter is subjected to a maximum torque of 15 kN-m and a maximum
bending moment of 10 kN-m at a particular section. Find the factor of safety according to the maximum
shear stress theory of failure if the elastic limit in simple tension is 240 MN/m2.

23. The load on a bolt consists of an axial pull of 15 kN together with a transverse shear of 7.5 kN. Calculate
the diameter of bolt according to
1. Maximum Principal Stress Theory
2. Maximum Shear Stress Theory
3. Maximum Strain Theory
4. Maximum total strain energy theory.
5. Maximum shear strain energy theory
Take elastic limit in tension 285 MPa and Factor of safety = 3. Use µ = 0.3

24. A shaft of 15 cm diameter is subjected to a maximum torque of 20 kNm and a maximum bending
moment of 18 kNm. Find the factor of safety according to
1. Maximum Shear Stress Theory
2. Maximum Strain Energy Theory
If the elastic limit in simple tension is 240 MN/m2. Take µ = 0.3

Question Bank [UNIT 2]

1. A timber joist of 6 metre span has to carry a load of 15 kN/metre. Find the dimensions of the joist if
the maximum permissible stress is limited to 8 N/mm2. The depth of the joist has to be twice the
width.
2. A steel wire of 5 mm diameter is bent into a circular shape of 5 m radius. Determine the maximum
stress induced in the wire. Take E = 200 GPa.
3. A copper wire of 2 mm diameter is required to be wound around a drum. Find the minimum radius
of the drum, if the stress in the wire is not to exceed 80 MPa. Take modulus of elasticity for the
copper as 100 GPa.
4. A rectangular beam 60 mm wide and 150mm deep is simply supported over a span of 6 m. if the
beam is subjected to central point load of 12 kN, find the maximum bending stress induced in the
beam section.
5. A rectangular beam 300 mm deep is simply supported over a span of 4 metres. What uniformly
distributed load the beam may carry, if the bending stress in not to exceed 120 MPa. Take I = 225 X
105 mm4.
6. A cantilever beam is rectangular in section having 80 mm width and 120 mm depth. If the cantilever
is subjected to a point load of 6 kN at the free end and the bending stress in not to exceed 40 MPa,
find the span of the cantilever beam.
7. A rectangular beam 60 mm wide and 150 mm deep is simply supported over a span of 4 metres. If
the beam is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 4.5 kN/m, find the maximum bending
stress induced in the beam.
8. A timber beam of rectangular section supports a load of 20 kN uniformly distributed over a span of
3.6 m. If the depth of the beam section is twice the width and maximum stress is not to exceed 7
MPa, find the dimensions of the beam section.
9. A hollow square section with outer and inner dimensions of 50 mm and 40 mm respectively is used
as a cantilever of span 1 m. How much concentrated load can be applied at the free end of the
cantilever, if the maximum bending stress is not exceed 35 MPa?
10. The beam of symmetrical I-section [overall depth = 225 mm, width of flange = 100 mm, thickness of
flange = 11.5 mm, and thickness of web = 7.5 mm] is simply supported over a span of 9 m. if the
maximum permissible stress is 75 N/mm2, what concentrated load can be carried at a distance of 3
m from one support?
11. A 300 mm by 125 mm I-beam is to be used as a cantilever 3 m long. If the permissible stress is 120
N/mm2, what UDL can be carried over the entire length? I = 80 X 10 6 mm4. If the cantilever is to be
strengthened by steel plates 12.5 mm thick, welded to the top and bottom flanges, find the width
of the plates required to withstand an increase of 50% in the load, and the length over which the
plates should extend, the maximum stress remaining the same
12. A cast iron T-beam has the following dimensions:
Overall depth =160mm
Width of flange =150 mm
Flange Thickness = 40 mm
Web Thickness = 50 mm
The beam is simply supported over a span of 2.5 metres placed in the inverted T-position (i.e.
flange at the bottom). If the maximum allowable tensile stress in the flange and compressive stress
in the web are limited to 20 N/mm2 and 75 N/mm2 respectively, find the maximum central load
that the beam can safely carry.
13. Compare the weights of two equally strong beams of circular sections made of the same material,
one being of solid section and the other of hollow section with inside diameter 2/5 of the external
diameter.
14. A timber joist 100 mm wide and 150 mm deep is reinforced by fixing two steel plates each 100 mm
wide and 10 mm thick attached symmetrically at the top and the bottom. Find the moment of
resistance of the beam, if allowable stresses in timber and steel are 7 MPa and 100 MPa respectively.
Take Es = 16 Ef.
15. A flitched timber beam made up of steel and timber has a section as shown in figure. Determine the
moment of resistance of the beam. Take σS = 100 MPa and σT = 5 MPa.
16. A flitched beam of a wooden joist is 100 mm wide and 240 mm deep and it is strengthened by steel
plates 100 mm thick and 240 mm deep on either side of the joist. Determine the moment of
resistance. The maximum stress in steel, σs = 140 N/mm2 and the maximum stress in wood, σw = 7
N/mm2.
17. A 200 mm X 300 mm rectangular timber beam reinforced at the top and bottom with a steel plate of
200 mm width and 12 mm thickness s subjected to bending. The modulus of elasticity for steel and
timber are 220 kN/m2 and 11 kN/m2 respectively. The allowable working stresses for steel and
timber are 115 MN/m2 and 9.2 MN/m2.
[a] What will be the web thickness of the equivalent steel section?
[b] Determine the maximum allowable bending moment for the equivalent steel section.
[c] if the beam is simply supported at ends and its length is 2 m, what will be the allowable safe load
in N applied at the centre of the beam?
18. A timber beam 20 cm wide and 30cm deep is reinforced with two rectangular steel plates each 25 cm
deep and 1.2 cm wide. The steel plates are bolted on each side of the beam with the bottom edges of
the plates flush with the underside of the beam. Determine the position of the neutral axis and find
the moment of resistance of the composite beam when the limits of the bending stress in steel and
timber are 90 N/mm2 and 6N/mm2respectively. Modular ratio = 20.
19. Find the maximum deflection in a cantilever of length L due to a load W at its free end.
20. A beam of uniform section 9 m long is carried on three supports at the same level, one at each end
and one at 6 m from the left end. A uniformly distributed load of 16 kN/m is carried across the whole
span, and a point load of 20 kN at 4.5 m from the end. Draw the S.F. and B.M. diagrams.
21. The simply supported beam shown in figure has a flexural rigidity EI = 8 X 106 Nm2. Find the
deflection at C and D.

22. Derive the deflection equation for cantilever beam with uniformly distributed load.
23. A beam of uniform section, 10 metres long, is simply supported at the ends. It carries point loads of
150 kN and 65 kN at distance of 2.5 m and 5.5 m respectively from the left end. Calculate:
a. The deflection under each load
b. The maximum deflection

Take: E = 200 GN/m2 and I = 118 X 10-4 m4.

24. Derive the deflection equation for cantilever beam subjected to non uniform distributed load.
25. Determine the deflection at the mid and slope at the end of the beam in terms of EI for a beam as
shown

26. A simply supported beam of span L is carrying a uniformly distributed load of w per unit length over
the entire span. Find the maximum slope and deflection of the beam.
27. A beam of length 6 m is simply supported at its ends and carries two point loads of 48 kN and 40 kN
at a distance of 1m and 3m respectively from the left support. Find:
a. Deflection under each load
b. Maximum deflection
c. The point at which maximum deflection occurs

Given E = 200 GPa, and I = 85 X 106 mm4.

28. Find deflection at point B and C of beam given below. E = 200 GPa, I = 19802.8 cm4.

29. A simply supported beam of span length L carries a UDL per unit length over the left half of the
span. Find the deflection at the mid span.
30. A fixed beam of length 2 m carries a concentrated load of 10 kN at its mid span. Determine the
reaction and bending moment at the support and deflection at the mud span. Flexural stiffness of the
beam is 2 X 107 Nm2.
31. A beam simply supported at ends A and B is loaded with two point loads of 60 kN and 50 kN at
distance 1 metre and 3 metre respectively from end A. Determine the position and magnitude of
maximum deflection. Take E = 2 X 105 N/mm2, and I = 8500 cm4.
32. A simply supported beam of 6 m span is subjected to a point load of 18 kN at 4m from left support.
Calculate
a. The position and the value of maximum deflection.
b. Slope at the mid point
c. Deflection at the load point

Given E = 200 GPa and I = 15 X 106 mm4.

33. A simply supported beam of length L with point load W at a distance ‘a’ from the left support.
Determine the slope at supports, deflection under load and also find maximum deflection. The
distance of the load from the right support can be taken as ‘b’.
34. A simply supported beam of length L carrying two points loads of W at L/4 from each support. Find
the slope at support and maximum deflection.
35. A solid shaft rotating at 500 rpm transmits 300kW. The maximum torque is 20% more than mean
torque. Material of shaft has the allowable shear stress of 65 MPa and modulus of rigidity of 81 GPa,
 the angle of twist in the shaft should not exceed 1o in 1 meter length. Determine the diameter of the
shaft.
36. A beam of square cross section is used as a beam with one diagonal horizontal. The beam is
subjected to shear force F, at a section. Find the maximum shear in the cross section of the beam and
draw the shear distribution diagram for the section.
37. A solid circular shaft is subjected to a bending moment of 3000 N-m and a torque of 10000 N-m.
The shaft is made of 45C8 having ultimate tensile stress of 700 MPa and a ultimate shear stress of
500 MPa. Assuming a factor of safety as 6, determine the diameter of shaft.
38. A hollow shaft of diameter ratio 3/8 is required to transmit 600 kW at 110 rpm. The maximum
torque being 20% greater than the mean. The shear stress is not to exceed 63 MPa and twist in a
length of 3 m to exceed 1.4 degree. Calculate the maximum external diameter satisfying those
conditions. Take G = 84 GPa.
39. In a hollow circular shaft, the external diameter is 100 mm and internal diameter is 60 mm. The
allowable shear stress in the shaft material is 55 N/mm2. Determine the angle of twist in a length of
twenty times the external diameter of the shaft. Take G = 8.5 X 104 N/mm2.
40. Determine the dimensions of hollow shaft with a diameter ratio of 3:4, which is to transmit 60 kN-m
at 200 rev/min. The maximum shear stress in the shaft is limited to 70 MN/m2 and the angle of twist
to 3.8o in a length of 4 m. For the shaft material, G = 80 GPa.
41. Derive an expression for maximum shear stress induced in the beam of rectangular cross section
when the beam is subjected to a shear force F.

Question Bank [UNIT 3]

1. Derive an expression for the maximum stress developed and central deflection for a laminated spring when
subjected to a central point load W.
2. Derive an expression for the deflection and angular deflection for an open coiled helical spring when
subjected to an axial torque.
3. A laminated steel spring is simply supported at the ends over a span of 100 cm and is loaded centrally. It is
required to carry a proof load of 10 kN and the central deflection is not to exceed 5 cm. The bending stress
must not exceed 20 kN/cm2. Determine suitable values for width, thickness and number of plates and
calculate the radius to which the plates should be formed. Assume width equal to 12 times their thickness
and E = 200 GPa.
4. Obtain Expressions for the deflection and stiffness of a close coiled helical spring under an axial load. A close
coiled helical spring of circular section extends 1 cm when subjected to an axial load of W N and suffers an
angular rotation of one radian when a torque T N/cm is independently applied about the axis o the spring. If
Poisson’s ratio for the material of the spring is µ and D = mean diameter of the coil, show that

5. Determine the load required to produce an extension of 8 mm in an open coiled helical spring of 10 coils of
76 mm mean diameter, with a helix angle of 20o and manufactured from a wire of 6 mm diameter. What will
be the bending and shear stresses in the wire of the material of the spring? Take E = 210 GN/m 2 and G = 70
GN/m2.
6. An open coil helical spring consists of ten coils, each of 5 cm mean diameter, the wire forming the coil being
6 mm in diameter. Each coil makes an angle of 30o with the plane perpendicular to the axis of the spring.
Determine the load required to elongate the spring by 2 cm and the bending and shearing stresses caused by
that load. Calculate the axial twist that would cause a bending stress of 60 N/mm2 in the coils. Take E = 200
GN/m2 and G = 82 GN/m2.
7. An open coiled helical spring, made out of 20 mm diameter steel rod has 10 complete turns at a mean
diameter of 150 mm, the angle of helix being 15o. An axial load of 400 N is applied. Compute (i) deflection
 under load and (ii) maximum intensities of direct and shear stresses, induced in the section of the wire. Take
G = 0.84 X 105 N/mm2 and E = 2 X 105 N/mm2.
8. A closed coiled helical spring made of 10 mm diameter steel bar has 8 coils of 150 mm mean diameter.
Calculate the elongation, torsional stress and strain energy per unit volume when the spring is subjected to
an axial load of 130 N. Take G = 80 GPa. If instead of axial load, an axial torque of 9 Nm is applied. Find the
axial twist, bending stress and strain energy volume. Take E = 200 GPa.
9. A 5 m long hollow column with fixed ends supports an axial load of 800 kN. The external diameter of the
column is 240 mm. Determine the thickness of the column using Rankine’s Formula. Given that a = 1/6400
and working stress of 80 MPa.
10. Explain the term core of a section with reference to short columns. Derive an expression for finding out the
core of a rectangular section.
11. A leaf spring has 12 plates each 50 mm wide and 5 mm thick, the longest plate being 600 mm long. The
greatest bending stress is not to exceed 180 N/mm2 and the central deflection is 15 mm. Estimate the
magnitude of the greatest central load that can be applied to the spring. E = 0.206 X 10= N/mm 2.
12. Determine the section of a cast iron hollow cylindrical column 5 metre long with ends firmly built in if it
carries an axial load of 300 kN. The ratio of internal to external diameter is 3/4. Use factor safety of 8. Take
σc = 567 N/mm2 and Rankine’s constant a = 1/1600.
13. From the first principles derive the expression for the critical buckling for a column having one end fixed and
one end hinged.
14. Explain the middle Quanta and middle third rules?
15. A leaf spring is made op plates 50 mm wide and 8 mm thick. The spring has a span of 700 mm. Determine
the number of plates required to carry a central load of 45 kN. The maximum allowable stress in the plates is
200 MPa. What is the maximum deflection under this load?
16. A helical spring having 12 coils of mean coil diameter of 20 cm is made of 10 mm diameter steel rod. The
helix angle is 25o. Find the angular twist and the axial deflection of one end of spring relative to the other if it
is subjected to an axial couple of 14 N-m. Calculate the maximum bending and torsional stresses in the wire.
Take E = 200 GN/m2 and G = 80 GN/m2.
17. A mild steel hollow column, having 100 mm external diameter and 60 mm internal diameter and 4 m length
is used as a column. Determine the crippling load by Rankine’s Formula, when both ends are hinged.
Take σc = 320 N/mm2, a = 1/7500
18. A cantilever leaf spring has a clear span of 800 mm and carries a load of 10 kN at the free end. The bending
stress in strip and deflection at free end not to exceed respectively 320 MPa and 80 mm respectively. Find
the number of plates if width of a plate is 8 times the thickness.
19. A hollow cast iron column whose outside diameter is 200 mm and has a thickness of 20 mm is 4.5 m long
and is fixed at both ends. Calculate the safe load by Rankine formulae using a factor of safety of 2.5. Find the
ratio of Euler’s to Rankine’s load. Take E = 1 X 105 MPa and Rankine’s Constant = 1/1600 for both ends
pinned case and σc = 550 MPa.
20. A rectangular masonary column has a cross section 500 mm X 400 mm and is subjected to a vertical
compressive load of 100 kN applied at point P shown in the figure. Determine the value of the maximum
stress produced in the section. Is the section at any point subjected to tensile stresses?
 Question Bank [UNIT 4]

1. In a cylindrical shell of 0.6 m diameter and 0.9 m long is subjected to an internal pressure 1.2 N/mm 2.
Thickness of the cylinder wall is 15 mm. determine longitudinal stress, circumferential stress and maximum
shear stress induced and change in diameter, length and volume. Take E = 200 GPa and 1/m = 0.3
2. A thin spherical vessel having diameter of 1.5 m is of uniform thickness. It is filled with water at a gauge
pressure of 2.0 MPa. A relief valve attached to the vessel is opened and water is allowed to escape until the
pressure falls to atmospheric. If the volume of the water escaped is 4 liter, find thickness of the plate of the
vessel. Bulk modulus of water is 2 GPa and Young’ Modulus of vessel material is 200 GPa and Poisson’s ratio
is 0.3
3. A thick cylinder of 160 mm internal, 240 mm external diameter is subjected to an external pressure of 12
MPa. Determine the maximum internal pressure that can be applied if the maximum allowable normal stress
is 36 MPa. Plot the variation of radial and hoop stresses.
4. Derive expression for radial and hoop stresses in a thick cylinder with internal and external radii of a and b
subjected to an internal pressure of pi.
5. A cylindrical vessel 1.5 metre in diameter, 2 metre long and 1.5 cm thick is closed at both the ends by rigid
plates and this cylinder is filled with water at atmospheric pressure. Find how much additional amount of
water is required to be pumped so as to make the final pressure in the cylinder as 70 bar. Take E = 210
GN/m2 and µ = 0.3 for the material of the cylinder. Bulk modulus of the water is 2.4 GN/m2.
6. Calculate the thickness of metal necessary for a cylindrical shell of internal diameter of 80 mm to withstand
an internal pressure of 25 N/mm2, if the maximum permissible tensile stress is 125 N/mm2.
7. Write short notes on the following
a. Lame’s theory of thick cylinders
b. Compound Cylinders
c. Radial, Axial and Circumferential stresses in thick cylinders.
8. Prove that in the case of a thin cylindrical shell subjected to an internal fluid pressure, the volumetric strain
is equal to twice the circumferential strain plus the longitudinal strain.
9. A hollow cylinder of 45 cm internal diameter and 10 cm thickness contains the fluid pressure of 850 N/cm2.
Find the maximum and minimum hoop stress across the section.

Question Bank [UNIT 5]

1. A simply supported I section beam of span 2 m carries a concentrated load of 4.0 kN at an angle of 20o from
vertical as shown in figure. The load passes through C.G. of the section. Determine the maximum bending
stress in the beam.

2. A steel ring of a rod of circular cross section is pulled by a force of 8.0 kN. The mean diameter of the ring is
160.0 mm. Determine the increase in diameter along the load. Take E = 200 GPa.
3. An open ring has T section as shown in figure. Determine the stress at points P and Q.
4. A curved bar of square section, 3 cm sides and mean radius of curvature 4.5 cm is initially unstressed. If the
bending moment of 300 N-m is applied to the bar tending to straighten it, find the stresses at the inner and
outer faces.
5. A 60 mm X 40 mm X 6 mm unequal angle is placed with the longer side vertical, and is used as a beam. It is
subjected to a bending moment of 12kN-cm acting in the vertical plane through the centroid of the section.
Determine the maximum bending stress induced in the section.
6. Write short notes on the following
a. Centroidal Principal Axes
b. Assumptions for the theory of curved beams.
c. Applications of curved beams with large initial curvatures.

7. Derive the equation to find the position of neutral axis for the following cross section of curved beam:
a. Rectangular Section
b. Circular Cross Section
8. What is shear centre? Prove that the shear centre for a thin walled balanced Z section coincides with its
centroid?
9. A curved beam, rectangular in cross section is subjected to pure bending with couple of +40 kN-cm. The
beam has width of 2 cm and depth of 4 cm and is curved in plane parallel to width. The mean radius of
curvature is 4 cm. find the position of the neutral axis, and the ratio of the maximum to the minimum stress.
10. A 6 cm X 4 cm X 0.6 cm unequal angle is placed with longer leg vertical, and is used as beam. It is subjected
to a bending moment of 150 N-m acting in the vertical plane through the centroid of the section. Determine
the maximum bending stress included in the section.