Handouts Grade 10 MAPEH (ARTS)

Cubism - Highly influential visual arts style of the

20th century that was created principally by the
artists Pablo Picasso and Georges
Braque in Paris between 1907 and 1914. The
Cubists style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional
surface of the picture plane, rejecting the
traditional techniques
of perspective, foreshortening, modeling,
and chiaroscuro, and refuting time-honoured
theories that art should imitate nature.
Types of Cubism
 Analytical cubism
 Synthetic cubism
Cubism Painter
Pablo Picasso
 his work was usually characterized by a single
dominant approach, he often moved
interchangeably between different styles
sometimes even in the same artwork.
Art Work
 Guernica (1937) The painting shows a
series of terrifying scenes showing the brutality
of war and its destructiveness.
  Weeping Woman (1937) The universal
image of suffering.

Influence of Cubism on Philippine Art

Vicente Manansala - achieved a balance of skill
and artistry.
Art Work
 Madona of the Slum
Cesar Legaspi- geometric fragmentation
technique, weaving social comment and
juxtaposing the mythical and modern into his
overlapping, interacting forms with disturbing
power and intensity.
Art work
 Combancheros
Cenon Rivera - produced, the man himself had
remained a mystery to many.
Art Work
 Si Malakas at si Maganda

Dadaism - nihilistic and ant aesthetic movement in

the arts that flourished primarily in Zürich,
Switzerland; New York City; Berlin, Cologne,
and Hannover, Germany; and Paris in the early
20th century. Dada, the French word for
hobbyhorse was the name of a movement that
originated in Zürich, Switzerland, in 1916.
Artist of Dadaism
Marcel Ducham - rejected purely visual or what
he dubbed "retinal pleasure," deeming it to be
facile, in favor of more intellectual, concept-driven
approaches to art-making and, for that matter,
viewing.
Art work
 Fountain (1917) – like a porcelain urinal.

Surrealism - Surrealism is a means of reuniting

conscious and unconscious realms of experience
so completely that the world
of dream and fantasy would be joined to the
everyday rational world in “an absolute reality, a
surreality.” Drawing heavily on theories adapted
from Sigmund Freud, Breton saw the unconscious
as the wellspring of the imagination.
Artist in Surrealism
Salvador Dalí - Drawing on blatantly
autobiographical material and childhood
memories, Dalí's work is rife with often ready-
interpreted symbolism, ranging from fetishes and
animal imagery to religious symbols.
Art works
  The Persistence of Memory (1931)
 Soft Construction with Boiled Beans
Giorgio De Chirico - backdrops for pregnant
symbols or even, at times, for collections of
objects that resemble still lifes. De Chirico's
innovative approach to these pictures - an
approach rather like that of a theatrical set
designer - has encouraged critics to describe them
as "dream writings."
Art works
 The Nostalgia of the Infinite
 Gare Montparnasse.

Abstract Expressionism - "Abstract

Expressionism" was never an ideal label for the
movement, which developed in New York in the
1940s and 1950s. It was somehow meant to
encompass not only the work of painters who filled
their canvases with fields of color and abstract
forms, but also those who attacked their canvases
with a vigorous gestural expressionism.
Jackson Pollock- a painter who flung paint at
canvases with a stick, who poured and hurled it to
create roiling vortexes of color and line, possibly
be considered At times they could suggest the
life-force in nature itself, at others they could
evoke man's entrapment - in the body, in the
anxious mind, and in the newly frightening modern
world.
Art works
 The Deep (1953)
 Blue Poles (1952)
Willem de Kooning- a master at ambiguously
blending figure and ground in his pictures while
dismembering, re-assembling and distorting his
figures in the process.
Art works
 Woman I (1950-52)
 Excavation (1950)
Franz Kline - Franz Kline is most famous for his
black and white abstractions,
Art works
 Chief (1950).
 Black Reflection (1956)

Abstract expressionism artists in the

Philippines.
Jose Joya- a painter and multimedia artist who
distinguished himself by creating an authentic
Filipino abstract idiom that transcended foreign
influences.
Art Works
 Granadean Arabesque

LEE AGUINALDO (Filipino, Sept. 5,1933 –

January, 2007) - His art developed in an eclectic
sequence, defying any linear progression.
Art work
  Homage to pollock 1953

POP Art- The subject matter became far from

traditional "high art" themes of morality, mythology,
and classic history; rather, Pop artists celebrated
commonplace objects and people of everyday life,
in this way, seeking to elevate popular culture to
the level of fine art. Perhaps owing to the
incorporation of commercial images.

Andy Warhol – Warhol's early commercial

illustration has recently been acclaimed as the
arena in which he first learned to manipulate
popular tastes. His drawings were often comic,
decorative, and whimsical, and their tone is
entirely different from the cold and impersonal
mood of his Pop art.
Art works
 Coca-Cola (3) (1962)
 General Electric with Waiter (1984)
Roy Lichtenstein – his works the styles, subject
matter, and techniques of reproduction common in
popular culture appeared to dominate the art
entirely.
Art works
 Popeye (1961
 Drowning Girl (1963).
OP art - the geometric art from which it had
sprung, Op art seemed to supply a style that was
highly appropriate to modern society. Although Op
can be seen as the successor to geometric
abstraction, its stress on illusion and perception
suggests that it might also have older ancestors.
Victor Vasarely, Hungarian Győző Vásárhelyi-
Hungarian-born French painter of geometric
abstractions who became one of the leading
figures of the Op art movement.
Art Work
 Zebra, 1937 - Victor Vasarely
M.C. Escher, in full Maurits Cornelis Escher -
Born June 17, 1898, Leeuwarden, Netherlands—
died March 27, 1972, Laren), Dutch graphic artist
known for his detailed realistic prints that achieve
bizarre optical and conceptual effects. “Father of
Modern Tessellations
Art Work
 Relativity 1953

Technology – Based Arts

 TBA is essentially computer-generated or

manipulated. Today’s computer artists employ the
ever-expanding powers of image
manipulation programs and applications to
create their works which can appear in an
entire range of media – whether as a physical
output or a virtual experience.
TBA includes …
1. Computer/Digital Arts
2. Mobile Phone Art
3. Computer – Generated Images
4. Digital Photography
5. Video Games/Digital Painting/Imaging Videos

 Computer/Digital Arts - Computer/Digital Arts

make use of electronic and mechanical devices,
rather than the artist’s own hand.
 Mobile Phone Art - A mobile phone art is a type
of art that is more modern than other arts
technique.
Things We Can Do - Re size, Crop, Skew/Warp,
Rotate, Flip, adjust brightness, adjust sharpness,
change colors, gray scale
sepia, apply a texture, superimpose text, apply
frames
 Computer generated imagery - CGI (computer-
generated imagery) is the creation of still or
animated visual content with imaging software.
CGI is used to produce images for many
purposes including visual art, advertising,
anatomical modeling, architectural design,
engineering, television shows, video game art
and film special effects, as well as
augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR)
applications.
 Digital Photography -is a form of photography
that uses cameras containing arrays
 of electronic photodetectors to capture images
focused by a lens, as opposed to an exposure
on photographic film. The captured images
are digitized and stored as a computer file ready
for further digital processing, viewing, digital
publishing or printing.
 Photography - Is the science, art and
practice of creating durable images by
recording light or other electromagnetic
radiation, either electronically by means of an
image sensor, or chemically by means of a
light-sensitive material such as photographic
film. Comes from the Greek word “phōtos” which
means light and “graphé” which means
“drawing”. Together they mean drawing with light

A CAMERA is a device that records images, either

a still photograph or as moving images known as
videos or movies.
A device for taking photographs by letting light
from an image fall briefly onto sensitized film,
usually by means of a lens-and-shutter
mechanism. The term camera comes from the
words camera obscura
(Latin for "dark chamber")

Elements of a Good Photograph

 Composition - Composing a good photograph
can be accomplished by clearing your mind and
 viewing the image as a whole.
Focus on the entire scene as
opposed to the main subject
 Rule of Thirds - It is one of the first things taught
in any photography program.
 To employ the rule of thirds in your photography,
mentally divide up your frame into three distinct
vertical sections and three distinct horizontal
sections. Then when composing your
photograph, keep the action and important
figures confined to where those sections overlap
 Balancing Elements: To create a more
interesting photo, placing your main object off
centre usually works but can make the photo feel
a bit isolated. So to solve this add a less
important object in the background so the empty
space is filled.
 Leading Lines: To enhance your photos
composition adding lines can pull the audience
attention towards the main subject. There are
many different types of line including radical,
curvy, zigzag, diagonal and of course straight
lines.
 Symmetry and Patterns: Eye catching
compositions can be successfully made by using
focal points and breaking the patterns in photos
sometimes.
 VIEWPOINTS: Viewpoints can massively affect
the composition of the photo taken to shoot from
different angles from high to low from side to side
to get interesting shots.
 Backgrounds: A poor background can impact
on the centre focus of the photo which makes it
lack impact but having a plain but simple
background will be effective and the background
wo’nt distract or detract from the subject.
 Depth: The human eye automatically detects
different layers in depths and naturally separates
these layers out creating more depth.
 Framing: By framing your selected photo the
result is a more focused image which the main
point of interest is drawn into by your eye.
 Cropping: By cropping your image, any excess
background wanted to be not shown may be
taken out to make the image more aesthetically
pleasing to the viewer grabbing their attention
more.
 Experimentation: As technology our days is
very advanced with our cameras , we don't have
to worry about running out of shots , you can fire
as many shots needed then delete the unwanted
shots so you have got a variety of similar shots
you can choose from.

Camera Shots, Angle,

 CLOSE-UP- A picture which shows a fairly
small part of the scene, such as a character's
face, in great detail so that it fills the screen. A
framing in which the scale of the object shown is
relatively large. In a close-up, a person's head, or
some other similarly sized object, will fill the
frame.
 EXTREME CLOSE-UP- A framing in which the
scale of the object shown is very large; most
commonly, a small object or a part of the body
usually shot with a zoom lens. Again, faces are
the most recurrent images in extreme close-ups.
 MEDIUM CLOSE-UP- The medium close up is
half way between a mid shot and a close up. A
medium close up is framing the shoulder, chest
to head. It would fill most of the screen.
Conventions: Medium shots are frequently used
for the tight presentation of two or three actors.
 This shot is very commonly used in indoor
sequences allowing for a visual signification of
relationships between characters
 LONG SHOT and WIDE SHOT - A framing in
which the scale of the object shown is small; a
standing human figure would appear nearly the
height of the screen. It makes for a relatively
stable shot that can accommodate movement
without reframing allows the audience to see a
large number of components of the arena
 MEDIUM LONG SHOT - Framing such an
object four or five feet high would fill most of the
screen vertically. Also called plain américain,
given its recurrence in the Western genre, where
it was important to keep a cowboy's weapon in
the image. Gives clear sense of character in a
given location and emphasizes body language.
 EXTREME LONG SHOT - A framing in which
the scale of the object shown is very small; a
building, landscape, or crowd of people will fill the
screen. Surroundings now have as much if not
more important, especially if the shot is in high-
angle. This means that the closer up the shot,
the more the spectator's eye is directed by the
camera to the specified reading, extreme long
shots give an overall view and do not necessarily
direct the viewers eye to what the characters are
doing.
 MEDIUM shot - Its from the waist and usually
used in conversations and is a common shot. In
film, a medium shot is a camera shot from a
medium distance. The dividing line between "long
shot, and "medium shot" is fuzzy, as is the line
between "medium shot" and "close-up"
 Aerial shot A camera shot that is filmed from
an airplane or a helicopter. Not necessarily a
moving shot.
 Point of View shot –(POV) Point of view
shows what the character sees. These are often
 freehand and are used in horror films. The editor
may change the audience’s point of view to
create certain effects.
 Over the shoulder shot - Shot filmed from
behind character's shoulder: a cinematographic
shot taken from over the shoulder of a character
whose back can be seen at the side of the frame.
This type of shot is very common when two
characters are having a discussion and will
usually follow an establishing shot, which helps
the audience place the characters in their setting.
 TWO-SHOT - There are a few variations on
this one, but the basic idea is to have a
comfortable shot of two people. Often used in
interviews, or when two presenters are hosting a
show. A "One-Shot" could be a mid-shot of either
of these subjects. A "Three-Shot", unsurprisingly,
contains three people. Two shots are good for
establishing relationships between characters
two-shot could also involve movement or action. It
is a good way to follow the interaction between
two people without getting distracted by their
surroundings.

Angles

• High Angle - A high angle is a power position.

Not so extreme as a bird's eye view. The camera
is elevated above the action using a crane to give
 a general overview. These shots allow you to see
more of the picture the mise en scene. A high
angle shot, can make a character seem more
superior and the subject more subject more
vulnerable
• Low Angle - Low angles help give a sense of
confusion to a viewer, of powerlessness within
the action of a scene. The background of a low
angle shot will tend to be just sky or ceiling, the
lack of detail about the setting adding to the
disorientation of the viewer. The added height of
the object may make it inspire fear and insecurity
in the viewer, who is psychologically dominated
by the figure on the screen.
• Centred Angle - Sometimes the camera is
tilted (i.e. is not placed horizontal to floor level),
this shot suggest imbalance, transition and
instability (very popular in horror movies). This
technique is used to suggest POINT-OF-View
shots (i.e. when the camera becomes the 'eyes'
of one particular character, seeing what they see
— a hand held camera is often used for this.